National anthem of Tibet

Anthem of the Tibetan Government in Exile

Gyalluབོད་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ཆེན་པོའི་རྒྱལ་གླུ།

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National anthem of  Tibet

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Lyrics| Trijang Rinpoche, 1950
Adopted| 1950
Audio sample

Original music of Tibetan National Anthem

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Instrumental recording of the anthem (Composed in MIDI)

The national anthem of Tibet (Classical Tibetan: བོད་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ཆེན་པོའི་རྒྱལ་གླུ།, Wylie: bod rgyal khab kyi rgyal glu), commonly referred to as "Gyallu", is a Tibetan patriotic song which serves as the de facto anthem of the Central Tibetan Administration.[1]

It is unclear exactly whether it was first used before the Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China in 1951, or after the 14th Dalai Lama went into exile in India in 1960. The earliest report of a state anthem (presumably "Gyallu") is between 1949 and 1950 when Tibet was under invasion. It was introduced under reforms set in place to strengthen patriotism among the Tibetan people. Another report states that the anthem was presented to the 14th Dalai Lama in 1960 in exile.[2]

Like "Qurtulush Yolida", performance of this anthem is strictly prohibited by the People's Republic of China, particularly in the Tibet Autonomous Region.[1]

Tibet's first national anthem was, according to Tashi Tsering, written by a Tibetan scholar during the epoch of the 7th Dalai Lama and under the reign of the Pholanas in between 1745 and 1746.[citation needed]

## Lyrics

[edit]

Written by Trijang Rinpoche around 1950, a tutor of the 14th Dalai Lama, the lyrics focus on the radiance of the Gautama Buddha.[2]

The melody is said to be based on a very old piece of Tibetan sacred music, and some of its elements are also found in other Tibetan songs such as that of Mimang Langlu, a song of the 1959 Tibetan uprising. The lyrics are by the Dalai Lama's tutor, Trijang Rinpoche. It has been used by Tibetans in exile ever since the introduction of the state anthem although it is banned in Tibet. In 2000's, the anthem was replaced to cleaner version and added the opening melody and closing melody Current anthem of Tibet (Gyallu) but the filename is the sameⓘ

### Current lyrics

[edit]

Standard Tibetan lyrics[2] | English translation[2]

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སྲིད་ཞིའི་ཕན་བདེའི་འདོད་རྒུ་འབྱུང་བའི་གཏེར།
ཐུབ་བསྟན་བསམ་འཕེལ་ནོར་བུའི་འོད་སྣང་འབར།
བསྟན་འགྲོའི་ནོར་འཛིན་རྒྱ་ཆེར་སྐྱོང་བའི་མགོན།
འཕྲིན་ལས་ཀྱི་རོལ་མཚོ་རྒྱས།
རྡོ་རྗེའི་ཁམས་སུ་བརྟན་པས་ཕྱོགས་ཀུན་བྱམས་བརྩེས་སྐྱོང།
གནམ་བསྐོས་དགའ་བ་བརྒྱ་ལྡན་དབུ་འཕང་དགུང་ལ་རེག
ཕུན་ཚོགས་སྡེ་བཞིའི་མངའ་ཐང་རྒྱས།
བོད་ལྗོངས་ཆོལ་ཁ་གསུམ་གྱི་ཁྱོན་ལ་བདེ་སྐྱིད་རྫོགས་ལྡན་གསར་པས་ཁྱབ།
ཆོས་སྲིད་ཀྱི་དཔལ་ཡོན་དར།
ཐུབ་བསྟན་ཕྱོགས་བཅུར་རྒྱས་པས་འཛམ་གླིང་ཡངས་པའི་
སྐྱེ་རྒུ་ཞི་བདེའི་དཔལ་ལ་སྦྱོར།
བོད་ལྗོངས་བསྟན་འགྲོའི་དགེ་མཚན་ཉི་འོད་ཀྱིས།
བཀྲ་ཤིས་འོད་སྣང་འབུམ་དུ་འཕྲོ་བའི་གཟིས།
ནག་ཕྱོགས་མུན་པའི་གཡུལ་ལས་རྒྱལ་གྱུར་ཅིག།

The source of temporal and spiritual wealth of joy and boundless benefits
The Wish-fulfilling Jewel of the Buddha’s Teaching, blazes forth radiant light
The all-protecting Patron of the Doctrine and of all sentient beings
By his actions stretches forth his influence like an ocean
By his eternal Vajra-nature
His compassion and loving care extend to beings everywhere
May the celestially appointed Government of Gawa Gyaden achieve the heights of glory
And increase its fourfold influence and prosperity
May a golden age of joy and happiness spread once more through these regions of Tibet
And may its temporal and spiritual splendour shine again
May the Buddha’s Teaching spread in all the ten directions and lead all beings in the universe to glorious peace
May the spiritual Sun of the Tibetan faith and People
Emitting countless rays of auspicious light
Victoriously dispel the strife of darkness

Wylie transliteration | Tibetan pinyin[a] | IPA transcription[b]

srid zhi'i phan bde'i 'dod rgu 'byung ba'i gter,
thub bstan bsam 'phel nor bu'i 'od snang 'bar.
bstan 'gro'i nor 'dzin rgya cher skyong ba'i mgon
'phrin las kyi rol mtsho rgyas.
rdo rje'i khams su brtan pas phyogs kun byams brtses skyong,
gnam bskos dga' ba brgya ldan dbu 'phang dgung la reg
phun tshogs sde bzhi'i mnga' thang rgyas
bod ljongs chol kha gsum gyi khyon la bde skyid rdzogs ldan gsar pas khyab
chos srid kyi dpal yon dar
thub bstan phyogs bcur rgyas pas 'dzam gling yangs pa'i
skye rgu zhi bde'i dpal la sbyor.
bod ljongs bstan 'gro'i dge mtshan nyi 'od kyis
bkra shis 'od snang 'bum du 'phro ba'i gzis,
nag phyogs mun pa'i g.yul las rgyal gyur cig.

Sixi pende dögu jungwai der,
Tubdän sampel norpui önang bar.
Denzhö norzin gyaqer kyongwai gön,
Chinlä kyi rolco gyä,
Dorje kamsu denbä, Qogün qamze gyong,
Namgö gawa gyadän, u-pang gungla reg
Pünzog dexi nga-tang gyä
Pöjong jölka, sumkyi kyönla degyi zogdän sarbä kyab
Qösi gyi bälyon tar
Tubdän qog jur gyäbä zamling yangbai
Gyegu xide bälla jor.
Pöjong dänzhoi gecän nyi-ö-gyi
Zhaxi Önang bumtu Chowai si,
Nagqog münbai yül lä, gyäl kyur Qig.

[siʔ˥.ʑiː˩ pʰɛ̃˥.deː˩ ⁿdøʔ˩.ɡu˩ ᶮd͡ʑuŋ˩.wɛː˩ teɾ˥ ǀ]
[tʰu(p̚)˥.tɛ̃˥ sam˥.pʰel˥ noɾ˩.pʰyː˩ ʔ̞øʔ˩.naŋ˥ ᵐbaɾ˩ ǁ]
[tɛ̃˥.ᶯʈ͡ʂøː˩ noɾ˩.ⁿt͡sĩː˩ ɟa˩.t͡ɕʰeɾ˥ coŋ˥.wɛː˩ ᵑɡø̃˩ ǀ]
[ʈ͡ʂʰĩ˥.lɛʔ˩ ci˥ ǀ ɾʲoɫ˩.t͡sʰo˥ cɛʔ˩ ǀ]
[doɾ˩.d͡ʑeː˩ kʰam˥.su˥ tɛm˥.pɛʔ˥ ǀ t͡ɕʰoʔ˥.kỹ˥ t͡ɕʰam˩.t͡seʔ˥ ɟoŋ˥ ǀ]
[nam˥.køʔ˥ ɡaʔ˩.wa˩ ɟa˩.ⁿdɛ̃˩ ǀ (w)uʔ˩.pʰaŋ˥ ɡuŋ˩.la˩ ɾeʔ˩ ǀ]
[pʰỹ˥.t͡soʔ˥ de˩.ʑiː˩ ŋa˥.tʰaŋ˥ ɟɛʔ˩ ǀ]
[pʰøʔ.ᶮd͡ʑoŋ˩ t͡ɕʰøl˥.kʰa˥ sum˥.cʰi˩ cʰø̃˥.la˩ ǀ]
[de˩.ɟiʔ˥ d͡zoʔ˩.dɛ̃˩ saɾ˥.pɛʔ˥ cʰa(p̚)˥ ǁ]
[t͡ɕʰøʔ˥.siʔ˥.ci˥ pɛl˥.jõ˩ tʰaɾ˩ ǀ tʰu(p̚)˥.tɛ̃˥ t͡ɕʰoʔ˥.t͡ɕuɾ˥ ɟɛ˩.pɛ˥]
[d͡zam˩.liŋ˥ jaŋ˩.pɛː˥ ce˥.gu˩ ʑi˩.deː˩ pɛl˥.la˩ d͡ʑoɾ˩ ǁ]
[pʰøʔ.ᶮd͡ʑoŋ˩ tɛ̃˥.ᶯʈ͡ʂøː˩ ɡe˩.t͡sʰɛ̃˥ ɲi˩.ʔ̞øʔ˩.ci˥ ǀ]
[ʈ͡ʂa˥.ɕi˥ ʔ̞øʔ˩.naŋ˥ ᵐbum˩.tʰu˩ ʈ͡ʂʰo˥.wɛː˩ ziʔ˩ ǀ]
[naʔ˩.t͡ɕʰoʔ˥ mỹ˩.pɛː˥ jyl˥ lɛʔ˩ ǀ ɟɛl˩.cʰuɾ˩ t͡ɕiʔ˥ ǁ]

### Original version

[edit]

The first Tibetan national anthem was created in the 18th century. According to eminent Tibetan scholar Tashi Tsering, it was composed by Pholanas around 1745, at the time of the 7th Dalai Lama. Sir Charles Bell described it as Tibet's "national hymn".[3]

Tibetan original  | Wylie transliteration | Tibetan pinyin[c] | English translation

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གངས་རིས་སྐོར་བའི་ཞིང་ཁམས་འདི།
ཕན་ཐང་བདེ་བ་མ་ལུས་འབྱུང་བའི་གནས་།
སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་བ་བསྟན་འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ་ཡིན།
ཞབས་པད་སྲིད་མཐའི་བར་དུ་བརྟན་གྱུར་ཅིག་།།

Gangs ris skor ba'i zhing khams 'di
Phan thang bde ba ma lus 'byung ba'i gnas
Spyan ras gzigs ba bstan 'dzin rgya mtsho yin
Zhabs pad srid mtha'i bar du brtan gyur cig.

Kang ri kor wai shingkam di
Pän tang tewa ma lü jungwai nä
Qänräzig wa Tänzin gyaco yin
Shapä sä dai bardu tän gyur qig.

Circled by ramparts of snow-mountains,
This sacred realm, this wellspring of all benefits and happiness.
Tenzin Gyatso, the enlighted existence of compassion,
May his reign endure till the end of all existence.

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Tibetan pinyin is the official romanization. See also Tibetan pinyin#Single syllable orthography and Tibetan script#Romanization and transliteration.
2. ^ See Help:IPA/Tibetan and Tibetan phonology.
3. ^ Tibetan pinyin is the official romanization. See also Tibetan pinyin#Single syllable orthography and Tibetan script#Romanization and transliteration.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "Oops: China State Media Website Plays Banned Tibetan National Anthem". VOA. 6 November 2013.
2. ^ a b c d Tibet - nationalanthems.info
3. ^ Freedom Wind, Freedom Song About the origins of Tibet anthems, by Jamyang Norbu.

## External links

[edit]

* The Central Tibetan Administration has a page about "Gyallu" that includes audio instrumental and vocal versions.
* Tibetan National Anthem by Kelsang Chuki Tenthong (YouTube)

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