Nationalist terrorism

Political violence with nationalist motives

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Part of a series on

Terrorism

* Definitions
* History
* Incidents

By ideology

* Anarchist
* Communist
* Left-wing/Far-left
* Narcotics-driven
* Nationalist
* Zionist
* Palestinian
* Right-wing/Far-right

Religious

* Buddhist
* Christian
* Mormon
* Hindu
* Islamic
* Jewish
* Zionist

Special-interest / Single-issue

* Suffragette
* Anti-abortion
* Green/Ecological
* Misogynist

Related topics

* Violent extremism
* Ethnic conflict
* Resistance movement

Organizational structures

* Financing
* Fronting
* Radicalization (online)
* Training camp
* Death squad
* Clandestine cell system
* Leaderless resistance
* Lone wolf
* Domestic

* Methods
* Tactics

* Agro-terrorism
* Aircraft hijacking (list)
* Beheading
* Bombing
* Animal-borne
* Car (list)
* Improvised
* Letter
* Threat
* Proxy
* Bioterrorism
* Cyberterrorism
* Dry run
* Environmental
* Hostage-taking
* Individual terror
* Insurgency
* Kidnapping
* Nuclear
* Paper
* Piracy
* Propaganda of the deed
* Shooting
* School
* Spree
* Stabbing
* Suicide attack (list)
* Rockets and mortars
* Urban terrorism
* Vehicle-ramming

Terrorist groups

* Designated terrorist groups
* Charities accused of ties to terrorism

Relationship to states

* Violent non-state actors
* Islamic State

State terrorism

* Kazakhstan
* Soviet Union
* United States
* Uzbekistan

State-sponsored terrorism

* Iran
* Israel
* Kuwait
* Libya
* Pakistan
* Qatar
* Russia (Soviet Union)
* Saudi Arabia
* Syria
* United States
* Venezuela

Response to terrorism

* Counterterrorism
* Anti-terrorism legislation
* Terrorism insurance
* War on terror

* v
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* e

Nationalist terrorism is a form of terrorism motivated by a nationalist agenda. Nationalist terrorists seek to form self-determination in some form, which may take the form of gaining greater autonomy, establishing a completely independent sovereign state (separatism), or joining another existing sovereign state with which the nationalists identify (irredentism). Nationalist terrorists often oppose what they consider to be occupying, imperial, or otherwise illegitimate powers. Violence may also be directed at immigrants who are seen as a threat to the prosperity of the local or native population of the country. Nationalist terrorism is linked to a national, ethnic, religious, or other identifying group, and the feeling among members of that group that they are oppressed or denied rights, especially rights accorded to others.

As with the concept of terrorism itself, the term "nationalist terrorism" and its application are highly contentious issues. What constitutes an illegitimate regime and what types of violence and war are acceptable against such a state are subjects of debate. Groups described by some as "nationalist terrorists" tend to consider themselves "freedom fighters", engaged in valid but asymmetric warfare.

## List of alleged terrorist groups

[edit]

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The following are nationalist groups, which in some circles have been deemed terrorist:

* Grey Wolves[1][2][3]
* Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA)[4][5][6]
* ETA[7]
* EOKA[8]
* Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan[9] (PKK)

* Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA)[10]
* Front de libération du Québec (FLQ)[11]
* Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA)[12]
* Tamil Tigers (LTTE)[9]
* Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA)[13]
* Wawelberg Group[citation needed]
* Lehi[14]
* Irgun[15]
* Chetniks[16]
* Ustashe
* National Bolshevik Front (NBF)

The label of a group as carrying out "nationalist terrorism" does not preclude it being described in other terms:

* Nationalist terrorism may overlap with religiously motivated terrorism, so Palestinian nationalist militant groups are also sometimes Islamic (Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad), and Zionist groups are also sometimes Jewish (Kach and Kahane Chai, Gush Emunim Underground).
* Nationalist terrorism may also be identified with the left wing (for example, ETA, LTTE, IRA) or the right wing (AUC, Sombra Negra)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Slomp, Hans (2011). Europe, a Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics, Volume 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 744\. ISBN 978-0-313-39181-1. "Grey Wolves Turkish terrorist group (Bozkurtlar in Turkish), the youth organization of an extreme right party..."
2. ^ "The list of prohibited on the territory of the RK foreign organizations". din.gov.kz. Committee for Religious Affairs of The Ministry of Culture and Sport of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Archived from the original on 2014-10-25. Retrieved 2014-10-25. "II."
3. ^ Ali, Kyamal (18 February 2014). "Серые волки" собрались на охоту. ann.az (in Russian). Azerbaijan News Network. Archived from the original on 25 October 2014. "В 1995 году Верховный суд ликвидировал регистрацию «Боз Гурд» в связи с названием организации, известной в мире как террористическая."
4. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-07-26. Retrieved 2009-02-16.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
5. ^ Raza, Syed Irfan (10 April 2006). "BLA declared terrorist organisation, banned". DAWN.COM.
6. ^ Report, Dawn (18 July 2006). "UK declares BLA terrorist organisation". DAWN.COM.
7. ^ Conversi, Daniele (1997). The Basques, the Catalans, and Spain. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 92–97\. ISBN 9780874173628.[permanent dead link]
8. ^ Karyos, Andreas (2009). "EOKA and Enosis in 1955-59: Motive and Aspiration Reconsidered" (PDF). London School of Economics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-03-29. Retrieved 2015-06-30.
9. ^ a b Matovic, Violeta, Suicide Bombers Who's Next, Belgrade, The National Counter Terrorism Committee, ISBN 978-86-908309-2-3
10. ^ Terrorist Group Profiles. DIANE Publishing, 1989. p.32
11. ^ Cameron I. Crouch (2009). Managing Terrorism and Insurgency: Regeneration, Recruitment and Attrition. Routledge. pp. 35–36\. ISBN 9781135230180.
12. ^ Moloney, Ed (2007). A Secret History of the IRA (2nd ed.). Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0141028767.
13. ^ Arad, Yitzhak; Arad, Yitzchak (2010). In the Shadow of the Red Banner: Soviet Jews in the War Against Nazi Germany. Gefen Publishing House Ltd. p. 189. ISBN 978-965-229-487-6. "The first UPA unit was officially established on October 14, 1942. …The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (Ukrainska Povstanska Armia-UPA) was an arm of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (Orhanizatsia Ukrainskikh Nationalistiv – OUN)."
14. ^ Ralph Bunche report on assassination of UN mediator Archived 2008-05-07 at the Wayback Machine 27th Sept 1948, "notorious terrorists long known as the Stern group"
15. ^ Pope Brewer, Sam. IRGUN BOMB KILLS 11 ARABS, 2 BRITONS. New York Times. December 30, 1947.
16. ^ "Chetnik". Encyclopædia Britannica.

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Nationalism

Development|

* Nationalism in Antiquity
* Nationalism in the Middle Ages
* Anthem
* Colours
* Flag
* Epic
* God
* Identity
* Language
* Music
* Myth
* Religion
* Sport
* Symbol
* Animal
* Emblem
* Flower
* Treasure

By type|

* African
* Anarchist
* Blind
* Bourgeois
* Business
* Welfare
* Civic
* Constitutional patriotism
* Corporate-
* Cyber-
* Ecological
* Economic
* Ethnic
* European
* Expansionist
* Palingenetic ultranationalism
* Homo-
* Integral
* Left-wing
* Communist
* Linguistic
* Mystic
* Neo-/New
* Pan-
* Queer
* Right-wing
* Racial
* Arab
* Berber
* Black
* Korean
* White
* Zionism
* Religious
* Christian
* Catholic
* Clerico-
* Mormon
* Hindu
* Hindutva
* Islamic
* Resource
* Revolutionary
* Ethnocacerism
* National syndicalist
* Falangism
* Fascism
* List of fascist movements
* Romantic
* Technological
* Territorial
* Terrorism
* Trans-
* Ultra-
* Japan

Organizations|

* List of nationalist organizations
* Nationalist Clubs

Related concepts|

* Anarchism and nationalism
* Anationalism
* Anti-nationalism
* Banal nationalism
* Cultural nationalism
* Diaspora politics
* Eliminationism
* Exceptionalism
* Gastronationalism
* Gender and nationalism
* Historiography and nationalism
* Internationalism
* Irredentism
* Jingoism
* Nation-building
* National indifference
* National question
* National revival
* Nation state
* Nationalism studies
* Natural border
* Plurinationalism
* Principle of nationalities [fr]
* Revanchism
* State-building
* Wars of national liberation

* v
* t
* e

Terrorism

Main articles|

* Definition
* Economics
* History
* Sociology
* Symbolism
* Social media

Counterterrorism|

* Anti-terrorism legislation
* International conventions
* War on terror

By ideology|

* Communist
* Green
* Ethnic violence
* Palestinian
* Zionist
* Left-wing
* Misogynist
* Narcoterrorism
* Nationalist
* Religious
* Christian
* Hindu
* Islamic
* Jewish
* Revolutionary
* Right-wing

Types and tactics|

* Agro-terrorism
* Aircraft hijacking
* Bioterrorism
* Car bombing
* Cyber
* Domestic
* Economic
* Environmental
* Nuclear
* Piracy
* Propaganda of the deed
* Proxy bomb
* Stabbing
* Suicide attack
* Palestinian

State involvement|

* State terrorism
* State-sponsored terrorism

Organisation|

* Clandestine cell system
* Financing
* Front
* Lone wolf
* Training camp

Lists|

* Charities accused of ties to terrorism
* Designated terrorist organizations
* Incidents
* Islamist terrorist attacks

Memorials and museums|

* House of Terror
* Topography of Terror
* Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial

By country|

* Argentina
* Dirty War
* denial
* Iran
* sponsored
* Israel
* sponsored
* Kuwait
* sponsored
* Libya
* sponsored
* Pakistan
* sponsored
* Palestine
* Qatar
* sponsored
* Russia
* Sri Lanka
* state
* United States
* domestic
* sponsored
* state
* Venezuela
* sponsored

Historical|

| French Revolution|

* Reign of Terror (1792/1793–1794)
* First White Terror (1795)
* Second White Terror (1815)

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Soviet Russia|

* White Terror (1917–1922)
* Red Terror (1918–1922)
* Soviet state-sponsored terrorism

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