Neenach, California

Unincorporated community in California, United States

Unincorporated community in California, United States

Neenach, California

Unincorporated community

Automobile road from San Fernando to Caswells via Bouquet Canyon, Elizabeth Lake and Antelope Valley, 1922

Location of Neenach in Los Angeles County, California

Neenach, California

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Neenach, California

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Coordinates: 34°46′33″N 118°34′06″W﻿ / ﻿34.77583°N 118.56833°W﻿ / 34.77583; -118.56833
Country|  United States
State|  California
County| Los Angeles
Elevation

| 901 m (2,956 ft)
Time zone| UTC-8 (Pacific (PST))
• Summer (DST)| UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP Code|

93536

Area code| 661
GNIS feature ID| 1669887[1]

Neenach (/ˈniːnæk/ NEE-nak) is an agricultural settlement in northwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States, with a population of about 800.[2] It is facing a massive change with the proposed construction of a 23,000-home planned community to its north called Centennial.[3]

Neenach on a map of Los Angeles County published October 1893 for the World's Columbian Exposition

## Geography and climate

[edit]

Neenach is 34 miles (55 km) northwest of Lancaster[4] in the Antelope Valley portion of Southern California. It is 15 miles (24 km) southeast of Gorman and north of the Sierra Pelona Mountains,[5] and 75 miles (121 km) from the county seat in Downtown Los Angeles.[6] This region experiences hot and dry summers.[7]

## History

[edit]

### Early names

[edit]

The original name for present day Neenach is puyutsiwamǝŋ. This is in the Kitanemuk language. The Spanish referred to it as Ojo de la Vaca.[8]

### Cow Springs and French John's Station

[edit]

Cow Springs and other overland stage stops in the Far West in 1860

A 19th century name for the area was Cow Springs (34°46′22″N 118°37′17″W﻿ / ﻿34.77273°N 118.62134°W﻿ / 34.77273; -118.62134), about a mile southwest of today's Neenach School.[9] El Camino Viejo, the Old Road to Los Angeles, passed from Laguna Chico Lopez north via Willow Springs Canyon, then west to the water at Aquaje Lodoso, then to Cow Springs and on to Tejon Pass.[8] Later a shorter route was followed by the Stockton - Los Angeles Road and the Butterfield Overland Mail between Elizabeth Lake and Gorman. Instead of going north-south, travelers went east-west via the San Andreas Rift and Oakgrove Canyon, and north-south via Pine Canyon, Antelope Valley and Cow Springs.[10] French Johns Station, 14 miles (23 km) east of Gorman[11] near Cow Springs, provided a way station for the stage line, teamsters and other travelers.

In 1888, Cow Springs was described as "a pleasant camping-place with willow trees, casting an inviting shade to the weary traveler" with a "pure, cold, limpid stream which came bubbling up from its earthen reservoir and went gaily dancing down to the thirsty soil that encompassed it about".[12]

### Establishment

[edit]

Neenach itself was founded in the 1870s by Danish settlers from Neenah, Wisconsin. In 1888, a post office was established, with John A. Coovert as the first postmaster.[13] In September 1905 Christian Clausen was named postmaster.[14]

James Anderson filed a homestead claim for 160 acres (647,000 m²) at present-day State Route 138 and 300th Street West in 1887. He had a county contract to maintain and improve roads in the Antelope Valley as far as Three Points.[13]

Construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct between 1905 and 1913, which brought water from the distant Owens Valley to the San Fernando Valley, was important to the area.

On July 13, 1917, Chief Water Engineer William Mulholland of the city of Los Angeles, the builder of the aqueduct, received word that the line had been broken. He went to Neenach and found a 60-foot ` rupture (18 m). He ordered additional surveillance, which saw the arrest of one man, an employee of the rival Los Angeles Gas and Electric Company. The suspect was later released.[15]

James Anderson became a line rider or patrolman on the aqueduct: He had to shut down the tunnel periodically to check its condition. He also checked the surface to verify that none of the aqueduct's opponents had damaged it. Harry Womersley, from England by way of Illinois, was another resident who worked on the aqueduct—the 12 miles (19 km) from Fairmont to Neenach.[13]

Gold was discovered in the hills south of the community in the early 1930s. The "Oh Suzanna" mine produced some $7 million over the few years of its operation.[13] Another account says that total gold production from the Neenach mining district was $200,000.[16]

In the 1970s, Neenach was lively, one resident told a reporter. There were community-wide potluck dinners and almost 80 members in the local 4-H Club. Since then, he said, many of the kids moved away as soon as they were able.[3]

## Proposed development

[edit]

> …the truly rural outposts of Los Angeles County—the nation's top agricultural county not so long ago—are withering away. And this one happens to abut the proposed site of the largest planned community in county history.

> — Scott Gold, Los Angeles Times[3]

A portion of nearby Tejon Ranch called Centennial is proposed to be a 23,000-home master-planned community adjacent to Neenach. Civic squares, parks, shops, three fire stations, and other services are proposed. Children would be encouraged to walk to one of the eight elementary schools planned. The promoters have pledged to create 30,000 local jobs. On average, a new house would be erected every eight hours, seven days a week, for 20 years.[3]

The Tucson, Arizona,-based Center for Biological Diversity opposes the project—claiming that Centennial would be built on rare ecosystems, including the largest native grassland left in California.[3]

## Services

[edit]

### Library

[edit]

The Los Angeles County Library's Antelope Valley bookmobile is at the Neenach market on Saturdays from 11 to noon.[17]

### Schools

[edit]

> The school closed a few years back when they ran out of kids, and its rose-painted walls are still the brightest thing on the prairie.

> — Scott Gold[3]

Neenach Elementary School, shown in 2008, had no students but was kept in good condition.

The present Neenach School building was opened in 1993 to replace an older building that had stood for decades on a neighboring lot.[13][18] The school was closed in 2001 because of dwindling population and high heating costs; lack of a natural-gas source meant the school was all-electric. Sixty-six pupils were enrolled the previous year.[19]

Neenach is part of the Westside Union School District of West Lancaster, which also operates Del Sur, Joe Walker, Hill View, Cottonwood, Rancho Vista, Sundown, Valley View, Leona Valley, and Quartz Hill schools, through the eighth grade. [1]

The community is within the Antelope Valley Union High School District and the Antelope Valley Community College District.

## Natural phenomena

[edit]

### Volcanic formations

[edit]

The Neenach Volcanic Formations, about 23.5 million years old, are a series of igneous intrusions next to Old Post Road paralleling Interstate 5 near Gorman, California.[20] Plate movement along the San Andreas Fault split the formations and moved half of them about two hundred miles north into what is now Pinnacles National Park.[21]

### Meteorite

[edit]

The Neenach Meteorite, discovered in 1948 and photographed in 2007

The Neenach Meteorite is a 30-pound mass of stony, ordinary chondrite discovered in April 1948 by Elden Snyder of Neenach when he unearthed it with his plow, in the process breaking it into four pieces. In 1952 it was brought to the attention of Robert Wallace Webb of the University of California, Santa Barbara. Later it was donated to the collection of the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at the University of California, Los Angeles.[citation needed]

## Communication

[edit]

The ZIP Code is 93536, served by the Lancaster post office, and the telephone system is part of area code 661.

## Gallery

[edit]

2008 images

Gil's Country Store on Highway 138

A homeowner's directional sign

Korean-language church compound

Mailboxes by the side of the road

## See also

[edit]

* Greater Los Angeles portal

* Mountain Communities of the Tejon Pass

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Neenach". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
2. ^ The U.S. Census does not break out a separate figure for Neenach. The county registrar said in 1991 that the voting district for Neenach, which included the nearby Three Points area and Holiday Valley, had 378 voters."L.A.'s Outback : Three Points : Residents are like a family. They're also like Boy Scouts--prepared and resourceful". Los Angeles Times. June 16, 1991. p. 6. Retrieved March 5, 2018. The 800 figure is from the Scott Gold story, below.
3. ^ a b c d e f Gold, Scott (February 29, 2008). "A stoic little town faces tomorrow". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 5, 2018.
4. ^ Google page showing distance between Neenach and Lancaster
5. ^ Google page showing distance between Neenach and Gorman
6. ^ Google page showing distance between Neenach and downtown Los Angeles
7. ^ Climate Summary for Neenach, California
8. ^ a b Frank F. Latta, "EL CAMINO VIEJO a LOS ANGELES" - The Oldest Road of the San Joaquin Valley; Bear State Books, Exeter, 2006; p.21. Reprint of the 1936 work by Frank F. Latta.
9. ^ Bonnie Ketterl Kane, A View From the Ridge Route, Volume III, The Ranchos, Frazier Park: Bonnie's Books, 2005 ISBN 0-9703992-3-5
10. ^ Map of Passes in the Sierra Nevada from Walker's Pass to the Coast Range: from Explorations and Surveys made under the direction of the Hon. Jefferson Davis, Secretary of War, by Lieut. R.S. Williamson Topl. Engr. assisted by Lieut. J.G. Parke Topl. Engr. and Mr. Isaac Williams Smith, Civ. Engr. 1853. Explorations and Surveys for a Rail Road Route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. War Department. Routes in California to connect with the routes near the 32nd and 35th parallels. Engraved by Selmar Siebert.
11. ^ "California: Arrival of the Overland Mail: Itinerary of the Route" (PDF). The New York Times. October 14, 1858.
12. ^ "The Race for Wealth: Reported Gold Discoveries in the Liebre," Los Angeles Daily Herald, June 27, 1888, Page 1
13. ^ a b c d e Bonnie Ketterl Kane, A Brief Overview of the History of Neenach. Archived January 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine Although Kane states that the post office was originally known as Neenah and it became known later as Neenach, she cites no source. The first mention of Neenach in the Los Angeles Times was on September 4, 1890, reporting a marriage license issued to Uriah W. Pratt, 32, and Estelle Hereford, 24, both "of Neenach." There were no references in the Times data base under any other spelling.
14. ^ "New Postmaster for the Town of Neenach". Los Angeles Herald. September 10, 1905.
15. ^ Catherine Mullholland, William Mulholland and the Rise of Los Angeles, University of California Press, 2002, p. 262. ISBN 0-520-23466-9
16. ^ Gudde, Erwin G. (1975). California Gold Camps. University of California Press. p. 235.
17. ^ "LA County Library". LA County Library. December 28, 2023. Retrieved January 19, 2024.
18. ^ "Project OKd to Make Curves Safer," Los Angeles Times, February 26, 1993, image 14
19. ^ Maeshiro, Karen (August 3, 2001). "Neenach School Won't Open in Fall". Los Angeles Daily News. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2008.
20. ^ Peter C. Gray, "Fault," The Signal, February 6, 2011, image 12
21. ^ Robin Soslow, Washington Post, syndicated in "Your Spirit Can Soar Like Condors," Sunday News, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, March 2, 2014, image 61

## Additional reading

[edit]

* "Distance From San Francisco to St. Louis: From Station to Station," The Semi-Weekly Southern News, February 6, 1861, page 4 Settlement of Cow Springs listed south of Tejon Canyon and north of Hart's Ranch in Santa Clarita
* "On His Own Domain," San Francisco Examiner, July 28, 1888, page 1 Posse on the trail of bandit chief Frank Fray stops to rest in Cow Springs, "on the eastern border of the Liebre ranch."

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[edit]

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Butterfield Overland Mail 1st Division Stations

* San Francisco – Western terminus and 1st Division headquarters, located in downtown San Francisco.

* Clarks's Station – Located 12 miles south of San Francisco in what is now San Bruno.

* Sun Water Station – Located 9 miles south of Clarks Station in what is now San Mateo.

* Redwood City – Located 9 miles south of Sun Water Station.

* Mountain View Station – Located 12 miles south of Redwood City.

* San Jose Station – Located 11 miles south of Mountain View Station in the city of San Jose.

* Seventeen Mile House – Located 17 miles south of San Jose.

* Gilroy Station – Located 13 miles south of Seventeen Mile House in what is now Gilroy, California.

* Pacheco Pass Station – Located 18 miles east of Gilroy near the top of Pacheco Pass.

* St. Louis Ranch – Located 17 miles east of Pacheco Pass.

* Lone Willow Station – Located 18 miles east of St. Louis Ranch near Los Banos.

* Temple's Ranch – Located 13 miles southeast of Lone Willow Station near Dos Palos.

* Firebaugh's Ferry – Located 15 miles southeast of Temples Ranch, on the San Joaquin River.

* Fresno City – Located 19 miles southeast of Firebaugh's Ferry.

* Elkhorn Spring Station – Located 22 miles east of Fresno City near present-day Riverdale.

* Whitmore's Ferry – Located 17 miles southeast of Elkhorn Spring Station on the Kings River.

* Head of Cross Creek Station – Located 15 miles southeast of Whitmore's Ferry.

* Visalia – Located 12 miles southeast of Cross Creek Station.

* Packwood Station – Located 12 miles east of Visalia.

* Tule River Station – Located 14 miles south of Packwood Station.

* Fountain Spring Station – Located 14 miles southeast of Tule River Station.

* Mountain House – Located 12 miles south of Fountain Spring Station.

* Posey Creek Station – Located 15 miles southwest of Mountain House, on Posey (Poso) Creek.

* Gordon's Ferry (Kern River Station) – Located 10 miles south of Posey Creek Station on the Kern River just above present-day Bakersfield.

* Kern River Slough Station – Located 12 miles south of Gordons Ferry.

* Sink of Tejon Station – Located 14 miles southwest of Kern River Slough Station.

* Fort Tejon – Located 15 miles southwest of Sink of Tejon Station, north of and below the summit of Tejon Pass.

* Reed's Station – Located 8 miles southeast of Fort Tejon, near, to the south of the summit of the Tejon Pass.

* French John's Station – Located 14 miles east southeast of Reeds Station, in the vicinity of the mouth of Cow Springs Creek Canyon.

* Mud Spring, a later station operating in 1860, 14 miles east from French Johns and 13 miles north from Clayton's Station (formerly Widow Smith's Station). [1]

* Widow Smith's Station (Clayton's Station, Major Gordon's Station) – Located 24 miles from French John's Station, in upper San Francisquito Canyon near Green Valley.

* King's Station – Located 10 miles south of Widow Smith's Station in lower San Francisquito Canyon.

* Hart's Station or Lyons Station – Located 12 miles south of King's Station, in Santa Clarita.

* Lopez Station – Located 81⁄2 miles southeast of Hart's Station, in the San Fernando Valley north of Mission San Fernando Rey de España.

* Cahuenga Station – Located 12 miles southeast of Mission San Fernando, in Cahuenga Pass, of the Santa Monica Mountains. The first station of the 1st Division, it was located 12 miles northwest of Los Angeles.

Source: "List of Butterfield Overland Mail Stations "Itinerary of the Route"" (PDF). New York Times. October 14, 1858.

[1] Notes of a Trip to Los Angeles No. 1, Daily Alta California, Volume 12, Number 3888, 5 October 1860 — Page 1
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