New Centre-Right

Political party in Italy

New Centre-Right

Nuovo Centrodestra

President| Angelino Alfano
Founded| 15 November 2013
Dissolved| 18 March 2017
Split from| The People of Freedom
Succeeded by| Popular Alternative
Headquarters| Via Arcione 71
00186 Rome
Newspaper| l'Occidentale (online)
Youth wing| NCD Young People
Membership (2014)| 100,000[1]
Ideology| Conservatism[2]
Christian democracy[3]
Political position| Centre-right
National affiliation| Popular Area
European affiliation| European People's Party
Colours|  Blue
Website
www.nuovocentrodestra.it

* Politics of Italy
* Political parties
* Elections

New Centre-Right (Italian: Nuovo Centrodestra, NCD) was a centre-right political party in Italy.[4] The party was launched on 15 November 2013 by a group of dissidents of The People of Freedom (PdL) who opposed the party's reformation as Forza Italia (FI), which would take place the following day.[5] The NCD leader was Angelino Alfano, who had been Silvio Berlusconi's protégé and national secretary of the PdL from 2011 to 2013.

The NCD was a member of the European People's Party (EPP). The party participated in the Letta, Renzi and Gentiloni governments. On 18 March 2017, the NCD was dissolved into Popular Alternative (AP).

## History

[edit]

### Background and foundation

[edit]

The party was formed by splinters from the PdL on 15 November 2013. Its founders, lately known as "doves" in the party, were strong supporters of Enrico Letta's government and refused to join the new Forza Italia (FI), founded upon the dissolution of the PdL. All five PdL ministers, three under-secretaries, 30 senators and 27 deputies immediately joined the NCD.[6][7] Most were Christian democrats and many came from the southern regions of Calabria and Sicily.[8]

Besides Alfano (Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior), leading members included Maurizio Lupi (Minister of Infrastructure and Transport), Nunzia De Girolamo (Minister of Agriculture), Beatrice Lorenzin (Minister of Health), Gaetano Quagliariello (Minister of Constitutional Reforms), Giuseppe Scopelliti (President of Calabria), Roberto Formigoni (former President of Lombardy), Renato Schifani (former President of the Senate and PdL floor leader until November 2013), Fabrizio Cicchitto (former PdL leader in the Chamber in 2008–2013) and Carlo Giovanardi (a former minister for the UDC).[9]

### Support to Renzi and Popular Area

[edit]

In February 2014, after the fall of Letta's government, the NCD joined a new coalition government led by Matteo Renzi, who had been elected secretary of the Democratic Party (PD) in December 2013. In the new government the NCD retained three ministers: Alfano at the Interior, Lupi at Infrastructures and Transports, and Lorenzin at Health.[10] Quagliariello, who had not been confirmed as minister of Institutional Reforms, was elected national coordinator by the assembly of the parliamentary groups.[11]

The party ran in the 2014 European Parliament election on a joint list with the Union of the Centre (UdC). The list obtained 4.4% of the vote and three MEPs, two for the NCD and one for the UdC. The list did especially well in the South: 7.1% in Apulia, 11.4% in Calabria and 9.1% in Sicily.[12]

On 11 September 2014, the NCD was officially accepted into the European People's Party (EPP).[13][14]

In December 2014 the NCD formed joint parliamentary groups with the UdC in both the Chamber of Deputies and Senate. The two groups, a step toward a complete merger of the two parties,[15] were named Popular Area, where "popular" was a reference to popolarismo, the Italian variety of Christian democracy.

### Internal squabbles and splits

[edit]

Following Alfano's decision to support Sergio Mattarella's bid to become President of Italy during the 2015 presidential election (Matteralla was effectively elected on 31 January), the NCD experienced an internal crisis. Most notably, Barbara Saltamartini and Maurizio Sacconi resigned from party's spokesperson and leader in the Senate, respectively.[16][17][18] Schifani was unanimously elected to succeed to Sacconi,[19] while Saltamartini left the party altogether.[20] In March Lupi was hit by a minor corruption scandal and resigned from minister of Infrastructures and Transports.[21][22] As result, the party was left with only two ministers. In April De Girolamo, a frequent critic of the government since Mattarella's election, was replaced as leader in the Chamber by Lupi.[23][24] During the summer, one deputy (De Girolamo,[25][26] who had been a founder of The Republicans)[27][28] and one MEP (Massimiliano Salini)[29] re-joined FI.

A bigger blow to Alfano came in October, when Quaglieriello resigned from coordinator and threatened to lead a splinter group out of the party if the NCD were to continue its support to Renzi.[30][31] In the following weeks, Quaglieriello deserted a meeting of the party's national board[32] and made clear he was leaving the party. Two deputies (Vincenso Piso[33][34] and Eugenia Roccella)[33] and two colleagues of Quaglieriello (Andrea Augello[34][35] and Giovanardi)[36][37] in the Senate followed suit. These, along with a fourth senator (Luigi Compagna, a former Liberal) finally launched Identity and Action (IDEA).[38][39]

In February 2016, during a government reshuffle, NCD's Enrico Costa was appointed minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomies.[40] Shortly afterwards, it was announced by Lorenzin that the party would soon change its name, dropping the word "right", or take part to the formation of an entirely new party.[41][42]

After NCD's dismal results in the 2016 local elections, several MPs, mainly senators, started weighing on leaving the party.[43][44] In July 2016 Schifani, who criticised the party's permanence in the government and aimed at re-unifying the Italian fractured centre-right, stepped down from leader in the Senate[45][46] and was replaced by Laura Bianconi, a close ally of Alfano.[47] A couple of weeks later, Schifani left the party, along with another senator, and returned to FI.[48]

### Road to the new party

[edit]

In the run-up of the 2016 constitutional referendum the UdC campaigned for the "no", while the NCD was among the keenest supporters of the "yes". After the referendum, which saw a huge defeat by the "no" side, the UdC left AP altogether, but some splinters named Centrists for Italy, notably including Pier Ferdinando Casini and minister Gian Luca Galletti, stayed with AP.[49][50][51] The referendum's result and the demise of Renzi Cabinet revived NCD's internal tensions too, that led to splits (one deputy left in December,[50][52] one senator in February).[53][54] In the following government led by Democrat Paolo Gentiloni, Alfano was sworn in as minister of Foreign Affairs, while Lorenzin, Galletti (CpI) and Costa were confirmed as ministers of Health, the Environment and Regional Affairs, respectively.

On 18 March 2017 the party was dissolved in order to make way for Popular Alternative (AP), which consisted mostly of the former NCD.

## Ideology and factions

[edit]

This article is part of a series on

Conservatism in Italy

Ideologies

* Berlusconism
* Italian nationalism
* Padanian
* Italian school of elitism
* Liberal conservatism
* Liberismo
* Neo-Bourbonism
* Political Catholicism
* Christian democracy
* Ultramontanism
* Populism

Principles

* Agrarianism
* Anti-communism
* Catholic social teaching
* Christian values
* Clericalism
* Familialism
* Italian culture
* Maternalism
* Metapolitics
* Monarchism
* Patriotism
* Property rights
* Subsidiarity

History

* 1946 Italian institutional referendum
* Black nobility
* Historical Right
* Italian Empire
* Italian fascism
* Kingdom of Italy
* Lateran Treaty
* Papal States
* Risorgimento
* Sanfedismo
* Propaganda Due

Intellectuals

* Adinolfi
* Bresciani
* Cuoco
* Evola
* Fini
* Giannini
* Giubilei
* Lampedusa
* Leopardi
* Locchi
* Lombroso
* Longanesi
* Maistre
* Mattei
* Margotti
* Montanelli
* Mordini
* Mosca
* Mughini
* Papini
* Pareto
* Pera
* Romano
* Salandra
* Sogno
* Taparelli
* Zolla

Literature

* The Rise and Fall of the Elites (1900)
* Political Parties (1911)
* The Mind and Society (1916)
* Revolt Against the Modern World (1934)
* The Rage and the Pride (2001)

Politicians

* Andreotti
* Berlusconi
* Cacciari
* Fini
* Forlani
* De Gasperi
* Di Cavour
* Meloni
* Pera
* Procaccini
* Salandra
* Salvini
* Sogno
* Tatarella

Parties

Active

* Brothers of Italy
* Coraggio Italia
* Future and Freedom
* Identity and Action
* Lega
* Nord
* Monarchist Alliance
* Popular Alternative
* Us with Italy

Defunct

* Cambiamo!
* Common Man's Front
* Conservatives and Reformists
* Direction Italy
* Economic Party
* Forza Italia
* Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity
* Italian Nationalist Association
* Liberal Constitutional Party
* Monarchist National Party
* New Centre-Right
* The People of Freedom
* People's Monarchist Party

Think tanks

* FareFuturo
* Foundation for Subsidiarity
* Liberal Foundation
* Machiavelli Center
* Magna Carta Foundation
* New Italy
* The Republicans

Media

* Annabella
* L'Armonia
* Il Borghese
* Candido
* Corriere della Sera (formerly)
* Epoca
* Eurasia, Rivista di Studi Geopolitici
* Il Foglio
* Il Giornale
* L'Italia settimanale
* Libero
* Secolo d'Italia
* La Verità
* Il Tempo

Related

* European New Right
* Immigrant criminality
* Italian school of criminology
* Metapolitics
* Politics of Italy
* Socialism
* Roman question

* Conservatism portal
* Italy portal

* v
* t
* e

Despite being home to some social democrats (Reformism and Freedom, We Reformers), the party was mainly a Christian-democratic party with a social-conservative streak. According to Corriere della Sera, differently from FI, NCD's stances on the "so-called ethical issues" (abortion, LGBT rights, etc.) were "closer to those of the European traditionalist right" and "thus not very compatible with those of the EPP's parties in big countries such as Germany".[55] However, the party voted in favor of civil unions, whereas most FI members voted against it.[56] The NCD was also criticised by some Catholic associations for not opposing enough the teaching of gender studies in schools.[57] In addition, the NCD, as part of centre-left governments, proved more progressive than FI on the management of illegal immigration, which was negatively evaluated by Berlusconi's party.[58] Precisely for these and other reasons, several NCD politicians left the party to either form Identity and Action (IdeA) led by Gaetano Quagliariello or re-joined FI (e.g. Nunzia De Girolamo, Renato Schifani and Massimiliano Salini),[59] in both cases re-aligning with the FI-led centre-right coalition.[60]

Former PdL-affiliated factions or think tanks which joined the NCD included:

* Network Italy (Rete Italia)[61] – ideology: Christian democracy; leader: Roberto Formigoni;
* Liberal Populars (Popolari Liberali)[62] – ideology: Christian democracy; leader: Carlo Giovanardi;
* Christian Populars (Cristiano Popolari)[63] – ideology: Christian democracy; leader: Mario Baccini;
* Christian Reformists (Cristiano Riformisti) – ideology: Christian democracy; leader: Antonio Mazzocchi;
* Magna Carta (Magna Carta)[64] – ideology: Liberal conservatism; leader: Gaetano Quagliariello;
* Reformism and Freedom (Riformismo e Libertà) – ideology: Social democracy; leader: Fabrizio Cicchitto;
* We Reformers (Noi Riformatori)[65] – ideology: Social democracy; leader: Francesco Colucci.

In January 2014 three bigwigs of the party who later left the party (Quagliariello, Eugenia Roccella and Maurizio Sacconi) published a book titled Moderati. Per un nuovo umanesimo politico ("Moderates: For a new political humanism"), a sort of manifesto of the party. The book, whose key words are "person", "family", "enterprise" and "tradition", emphasises institutional reforms (including direct election of the President and federalism), ethical issues (marriage, opposition to abortion, limits to assisted reproductive technology, etc.) and the need for a smaller state ("less public law, more private rights").[66][67][68] According to Benedetto Ippolito, a university professor of history of philosophy, while NCD members insist that their party is "moderate", it is in fact "conservative" and "anti-progressive", albeit not "berlusconiano".[2]

In February 2014 the NCD unveiled a platform on labour, including a universal protection system safety net for the unemployed, a tax relief for entrepreneurs hiring the young, the reduction of the tax wedge on labour and the overcoming of article 18 of the "Statute of Workers", making easier for entrepreneurs to hire and fire employees.[69]

## Electoral results

[edit]

### European Parliament

[edit]

European Parliament

Election year  | Votes  | %  | Seats  | +/–  | Leader
2014 | 1,202,350 (5th)  | 4.38[a] |

2 / 73

Angelino Alfano

1. ^ Joint list with Union of the Centre.

### Regional Councils

[edit]

Region  | Election year  | Votes  | %  | Seats

|
|
|
|

Abruzzo | 2014[a] | 40,219 (4th)  | 5.9  |

1 / 31

Apulia | 2015[b] | 101,817 (7th)  | 6.0  |

4 / 51

Calabria | 2014 | 47,574 (6th)  | 6.1  |

3 / 30

Campania | 2015 | 133,753 (5th)  | 5.9  |

1 / 51

Emilia-Romagna | 2014[a] | 31,635 (7th)  | 2.6  |

0 / 50

Liguria | 2015[c] | 9,269 (9th)  | 1.7  |

1 / 31

Marche | 2015[d] | 21,049 (7th)  | 4.0  |

1 / 31

Piedmont | 2014[a] | 49,059 (7th)  | 2.5  |

0 / 50

Tuscany | 2015[c] | 15,808 (8th)  | 1.2  |

0 / 41

Umbria | 2015[a] | 9,285 (9th)  | 2.6  |

0 / 20

Veneto | 2015[c] | 37.937 (11th)  | 2.0  |

1 / 51

1. ^ a b c d Joint list with Union of the Centre.
2. ^ Joint list of Francesco Schittulli's movement (Popular Area).
3. ^ a b c Joint list with Union of the Centre (Popular Area).
4. ^ Joint list with Marche 2020 (Popular Area).

## Leadership

[edit]

* President: Renato Schifani (acting,[70] 2013–2014), Angelino Alfano (2014–2017)
* Coordinator: Gaetano Quagliariello (2014–2015)
* Spokesperson: Barbara Saltamartini (2014–2015), Valentina Castaldini (2015–2017)
* Party Leader in the Chamber of Deputies: Enrico Costa (2013–2014), Nunzia De Girolamo (2014–2015), Maurizio Lupi (2015–2017)
* Party Leader in the Senate: Maurizio Sacconi (2013–2015), Renato Schifani (2015–2016), Laura Bianconi (2016–2017)
* Party Leader in the European Parliament: Giovanni La Via (2013–2017)

## Symbols

[edit]

* Official logo

* Electoral logo

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Albertini cambia: "Aderisco al Nuovo centrodestra, Mauro mi segua"". Il Giorgno. 2 March 2014. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
2. ^ a b "Un paio di consigli spassionati per il Nuovo Centrodestra di Alfano". Formiche. 13 January 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
3. ^ "Nuovo Centrodestra o vecchia Democrazia Cristiana?". Panorama (in Italian). 17 November 2013. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
4. ^ "Silvio Berlusconi's heir Angelino Alfano forms new party in Italy". The Independent. Associated Press. 15 November 2013. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
5. ^ Nicolas Bonnet (2015). "Silvo's Party". In Agnès Alexandre-Collier; François Vergniolle De Chantal (eds.). Leadership and Uncertainty Management in Politics: Leaders, Followers and Constraints in Western Democracies. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 105–106\. ISBN 978-1-137-43924-6.
6. ^ "Alfano lancia il Nuovo centrodestra: "No a Fi per me scelta dolorosa. No a decadenza Berlusconi"", Il Messaggero (in Italian), 16 November 2013, retrieved 16 November 2013
7. ^ Tom Lansford (2015). Political Handbook of the World 2015. SAGE Publications. p. 3067\. ISBN 978-1-4833-7155-9.
8. ^ Francesco Bei (16 November 2013), "Il 'Nuovo centrodestra', gruppi in crescita e logo tricolore", la Repubblica (in Italian), retrieved 18 November 2013
9. ^ Kevin Lees (18 November 2013). "What the Alfano-Berlusconi split means for Italian politics". Suffragio. Retrieved 20 November 2013.
10. ^ "I ministri giurano, il governo è in carica Renzi: "Ce la faremo". Ma Letta lo gela". La Stampa. 22 February 2014. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
11. ^ "Ncd, Quagliariello coordinatore". rainews. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
12. ^ "::: Ministero dell'Interno ::: Archivio Storico delle Elezioni - Europee del 25 Maggio 2014". Elezionistorico.interno.it. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
13. ^ "EPP concerned over actions of radical Islamic militant groups and over latest political developments in Romania; welcomes five new member parties - EPP". Archived from the original on 13 April 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
14. ^ "Ncd: Quagliariello, accolti con voto unanime in famiglia Ppe". ANSA.it. 12 September 2014. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
15. ^ "Ncd e Udc verso la fusione, la "start-up dei moderati" per incidere sul voto del Colle". Data 24 News. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
16. ^ "Ncd nel caos. E Sacconi si dimette". Retrieved 9 June 2015.
17. ^ "Quirinale/ Terremoto nell'Ncd, Saltamartini e Sacconi si dimettono". Affaritaliani.it. Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
18. ^ Federico Morbegno (31 January 2015). "Terremoto nel Ncd: si dimettono Sacconi e Saltamartini". Retrieved 9 June 2015.
19. ^ "Ncd, Schifani nuovo capogruppo al Senato". Affaritaliani.it. 11 February 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
20. ^ "Ncd, Barbara Saltamartini lascia, critiche ad Alfano. E Matteo Renzi sfotte Angelino: "Leccati le ferite"". Retrieved 9 June 2015.
21. ^ "Lupi si dimette da ministro: "Lascio a testa alta". Per la successione le ipotesi sono Delrio e Lotti". La Stampa. 20 March 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
22. ^ "Maurizio Lupi si dimette". Panorama. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
23. ^ "Lupi nuovo capogruppo di Area Popolare alla Camera, De Girolamo si dimette in polemica". La Stampa. 8 April 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
24. ^ "Ncd, Lupi capogruppo Camera al posto di De Girolamo. Lei: 'Come Grande Fratello'". Il Fatto Quotidiano. 9 April 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
25. ^ Tommaso Labate (24 August 2015). "De Girolamo dà l'addio a Ncd". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
26. ^ Alberto Di Majo (26 August 2015). "De Girolamo: "Torno in Forza Italia E non ho paura del cerchio magico" - Politica - iltempo". Il Tempo. Archived from the original on 28 September 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
27. ^ di Alessandro Da Rold (21 May 2015). "Reguzzoni (Lega) e De Girolamo (Ncd), la strana coppia per il partito Repubblicano". Linkiesta.it. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
28. ^ "Il Ncd è spolpato: De Girolamo lancia i Repubblicani". lettera43. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
29. ^ "Ncd: eurodeputato Salini lascia per andare in Fi - Altre news - ANSA Europa". ANSA.it. 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
30. ^ Monica Guerzoni (14 October 2015). "Quagliariello-Ncd, è rotturaAlfano: «Io non trattengo nessuno". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
31. ^ Alessandro De Angelis (14 October 2015). "Gaetano Quagliariello si dimette da coordinatore Ncd e scrive ad Alfano: "Se non lasci Renzi, formo gruppo al Senato"". Huffingtonpost.it. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
32. ^ "Quagliariello diserta la direzione Ncd". Il Giornale (in Italian). 5 November 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
33. ^ a b "Alfano ne perde altri due". Il Giornale (in Italian). 23 November 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
34. ^ a b "Augello e Piso lasciano Ncd Il caso dei 'gesti sessisti' sarà riesaminato - Politica - iltempo". Il Tempo. 24 October 2015. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
35. ^ "Alfano perde un altro pezzo. Andrea Augello lascia Ncd. Direzione Fitto? - Secolo d'Italia". Secoloditalia.it. 23 February 1976. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
36. ^ "Giovanardi (e i suoi) lasciano Ncd: «Alfano ha fallito, governo arrogante sulle nozze gay". Corriere della Sera. 26 October 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
37. ^ "Carlo Giovanardi lascia Ncd e maggioranza. "Ma non torno in Forza Italia"". la Repubblica. 26 October 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
38. ^ "Centrodestra, Quagliariello lancia "Idea". Alternativi a Renzi, guardando ai territori | l'Occidentale". Loccidentale.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
39. ^ "Ncd, Quagliariello lancia il quarto petalo. Cassano: "Voleva il Ministero"". Affaritaliani.it. 25 November 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
40. ^ "Governo, via al rimpasto: 13 nomi nuovi. Torna anche il contestato Gentile". la Repubblica. 28 January 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
41. ^ "Ncd cambia nome, sparisce la parola 'destra' - Politica". Quotidiano.net. 18 February 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
42. ^ ""Via 'destra' dal simbolo Ncd". Finalmente Alfano se ne è accorto". Il Giornale (in Italian). 18 February 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
43. ^ "Dopo il voto Alfano lancia polo moderato. Ma in Ap è scontro". Askanews.it. Archived from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
44. ^ "Fronda contro Alfano: cinque Ncd pronti all'addio - Politica - iltempo". Il Tempo. 21 June 2016. Archived from the original on 22 June 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
45. ^ "Area Popolare, Schifani si dimette da capogruppo al Senato. "Udc si sfila da area governo: "Noi per no al referendum" - Il Fatto Quotidiano". Il Fatto Quotidiano. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
46. ^ Gianluca Abate (19 July 2016). "Strappo di Schifani: «Basta appoggi a Renzi e offese a Berlusconi". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
47. ^ "Schifani lascia Alfano, Laura Bianconi prende il suo posto - Politica - iltempo". Il Tempo. 20 July 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
48. ^ "Schifani ritorna in Forza Italia. Berlusconi: "Ha continuato a coltivare le nostre radici" - la Repubblica". 4 August 2016.
49. ^ "Area Popolare si spacca dopo il referendum. Udc: "L'esperienza, forse mai decollata, si conclude qui" - Il Fatto Quotidiano". 6 December 2016.
50. ^ a b "Fuggi fuggi al Senato: I centristi guardano a Fi. E Alfano resta da solo". 7 December 2016.
51. ^ ""Alfano succube di Renzi, ce ne andiamo" - giornaleditalia". www.ilgiornaleditalia.org. Archived from the original on 7 December 2016.
52. ^ "Bernardo (NCD): lascio NCD, momento più basso del partito | www.newsagielle.it". Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
53. ^ "Senato: Ala perde pezzi, 2 vanno a Udc - Politica". 9 February 2017.
54. ^ "Grandi manovre in corso al senato, Verdini e Alfano perdono pezzi - Siciliainformazioni". Archived from the original on 9 February 2017. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
55. ^ "Pd-azzurri: asse sui diritti (senza Ncd)". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
56. ^ "Unioni civili sono legge: M5s si astiene. Lega e Fdi contro. Renzi: "E' un giorno di festa". Le destre: "Referendum"". 11 May 2016.
57. ^ "Gender a Scuola: Nella Riforma Il Trucco C'e' Ma non Si Vede". 27 June 2015.
58. ^ "Migranti, Berlusconi: "Un accordo con la Libia è l'unica soluzione"". 27 July 2017.
59. ^ "ADDIO NCD/ Massimiliano Salini lascia Lupi e torna in Forza Italia". 25 September 2015.
60. ^ "Renato Schifani torna in Forza Italia". 4 August 2016.
61. ^ "Il clan politico di Cl si attovaglia per spartirsi la torta dell'Expo". Mentiinformatiche.com. 21 January 2014. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
62. ^ "Popolari liberali nel Ncd in pista per le primarie" (in Italian). L'Arena. 1 December 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
63. ^ "Federazione Cristiano Popolari, l'on.Baccini ad Avellino per il nuovo Centrodestra" (in Italian). Irpinia24.it. 21 February 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
64. ^ "Il 'Nuovo centrodestra', gruppi in crescita e logo tricolore". la Repubblica. 16 November 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
65. ^ "Noi Riformatori Per Il Nuovo Centrodestra". Noiriformatori.it. Archived from the original on 18 December 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
66. ^ ""Per un nuovo umanesimo politico". In libreria il manifesto dei moderati". Affaritaliani.it. 4 January 2002. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
67. ^ "Meno tasse e più etica, il manifesto dei moderati". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
68. ^ "Tutte le riforme che ha in mente il Nuovo Centrodestra". Formiche. 12 January 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
69. ^ "Ncd, il Piano Sacconi sul lavoro in dieci punti". Il Sole 24 ORE. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
70. ^ Schifani's full title was "President of the Promoting Committee".

## External links

[edit]

* Official website

* v
* t
* e

Historical political parties in Italy

Communist|

* Proletarian Unity Party (1972–1984)
* Italian Communist Party (1921–1991)
* Proletarian Democracy (1978–1991)
* Party of Italian Communists (1998–2014)

Democratic socialist|

* Italian Revolutionary Socialist Party (1881–1893)
* Italian Workers' Party (1882–1892)
* Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (1964–1972)
* Democratic Party of the Left (1991–1998)
* Democratic Left (2007–2010)
* Left Ecology Freedom (2010-2016)

Green|

* Rainbow Greens (1989–1990)
* Federation of Green Lists (1986–1990)
* Federation of the Greens (1990–2021)

Social-democratic and liberal-socialist|

* Italian Reformist Socialist Party (1912–1926)
* Unitary Socialist Party (1922–1930)
* Action Party (1929–1947)
* Labour Democratic Party (1943–1948)
* Union of Socialists (1948–1949)
* Unitary Socialist Party (1949–1951)
* Unified Socialist Party (1966–1969)
* Italian Socialist Party (1892–1994)
* Italian Democratic Socialist Party (1947–1998)
* Labour Federation (1994–1998)
* Democrats of the Left (1998–2007)
* Italian Democratic Socialists (1998–2007)
* Article One (2017–2023)

Radical and social-liberal|

* Action Party (1853–1867)
* Italian Radical Party (1904–1922)
* Democratic Party (1913–1919)
* Social Democracy (1922–1926)
* Republican Democratic Concentration (1946)
* Radical Party (1955–1989)
* Democratic Alliance (1993–1997)
* The Network (1991–1999)

Centrist and centrist liberal|

* Constitutional Democratic Party (1913–1919)
* Italian Democratic Liberal Party (1919–1926)
* Democratic Union for the Republic (1998–1999)
* Union for the Republic
* Italian Renewal (1996–2002)
* The Democrats (1999–2002)
* Segni Pact (1993–2003)
* Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (2002–2007)
* Civic Choice (2013–2019)
* Liberal Popular Alliance (2015–2018)

Regionalist and federalist|

* Movement for the Independence of Sicily (1943–1951)
* Italian Unionist Movement (1944–1948)
* Federalists and Liberal Democrats (1994–1996)
* Federalist Italian League (1995–1996)
* Great South (2011–2013)

Christian-democratic|

* Italian Catholic Electoral Union (1906–1919)
* Conservative Catholics (1913–1919)
* Italian People's Party (1919–1926)
* Christian Democracy (1943–1994)
* Italian People's Party (1994–2002)
* Christian Democrats for the Republic (1998)
* Christian Democratic Centre (1994–2002)
* United Christian Democrats (1995–2002)
* European Democracy (2001–2002)
* Christian Democracy for Autonomies (2005–2009)
* Union of Democrats for Europe (1999–2013)

Conservative-liberal|

* Liberals (1913–1922)
* Italian Liberal Party (1922–1994)
* National Democratic Alliance (1953–1954)
* Union of the Centre

Liberal-conservative|

* Economic Party (1919–1924)
* Forza Italia (1994–2009)
* The People of Freedom (2009–2013)
* Future and Freedom (2010–2014)
* New Centre-Right (2013–2017)
* Conservatives and Reformists (2015–2017)
* Direction Italy (2017–2019)
* Cambiamo! (2019–2022)

National-conservative|

* Common Man's Front (1946–1949)
* Monarchist National Party (1946–1959)
* People's Monarchist Party (1954–1959)
* Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity (1959–1972)
* National Democracy (1977–1979)
* National Alliance (1995–2009)

Nationalist|

* Italian Nationalist Association (1910–1923)
* Combatants' Party (1919–1923)
* National Fascist Party (1921–1943)
* Republican Fascist Party (1943–1945)
* Italian Social Movement (1946–1995)

* List of political parties in Italy
* 19th-century Italian political groups
* Early 20th-century Italian political parties
* 1950s–1990s Italian political parties
* Current Italian political parties

* v
* t
* e

Factions of New Centre-Right / Popular Alternative

* Christian democrats (Network Italy
* Liberal Populars–until 2015
* Christian Reformists
* Christian Populars) – liberal centrists (Magna Carta) – social democrats (Reformism and Freedom
* We Reformers)

* v
* t
* e

European People's Party

Parliamentary group

National parties|

| Member parties (EU)|

* ÖVP
* CD&V
* GERB/ГЕРБ
* DSB/ДСБ
* BCM
* SDS/СДС
* HDZ
* HDS
* DISY/ΔΗ.ΣΥ.
* KDU-ČSL
* TOP 09
* KD
* C
* Isamaa
* KD
* Kok./Saml.
* LR
* CDU
* CSU
* ND/Ν.Δ.
* FG
* FI
* AP
* UdC
* PpI
* SVP
* PATT
* V
* TS-LKD
* CSV
* PN
* CDA
* PO
* PSL
* CDS-PP
* PPD-PSD
* PNL
* PMP
* UDMR/RMDSz
* KDH
* D
* MA
* Slovensko
* NSi
* SDS
* SLS
* PP
* KD
* M

|

Associated parties (non-EU)|

* PD
* XD
* VMRO - DPMNE/ВМРО - ДПМНЕ
* H
* SNS/СНС
* VMSZ/SVM
* DM-LC-AdC

Observer parties|

* HHK/ՀՀԿ
* Heritage/Ժառանգություն
* BCD/БХД
* AHP/АГП
* За Свабоду
* HDZ BiH
* PDP
* SDA
* HDZ 1990
* ENM/ენმ
* EG/ევსა
* LDK
* PLDM
* PAS
* PPDA
* BS
* KrF
* PDCS
* Batkivshchyna/Батьківщина
* YeS
* UDAR/УДАР
* Об'єднання «Самопоміч»/Ob'yednannya «Samopomich»

Presidents|

* Manfred Weber (President)
* Thanasis Bakolas (Secretary General)
* Mariya Gabriel (Vice-President)
* Olgierd Geblewicz (Vice-President)
* Esteban González Pons (Vice-President)
* Johannes Hahn (Vice-President)
* Andrzej Halicki (Vice-President)
* Esther de Lange (Vice-President)
* David McAllister (Vice-President)
* Siegfried Mureșan (Vice-President)
* Petteri Orpo (Vice-President)
* Dubravka Šuica (Vice-President)
* Antonio Tajani (Vice-President)
* Paulo Rangel (Treasurer)
* Ursula von der Leyen (ex officio Vice-President)

European Parliament
Group Presidents|

* Manfred Weber (Chair)
* Arnaud Danjean (Vice-Chair)
* Esteban González Pons (Vice-Chair)
* Sandra Kalniete (Vice-Chair)
* Andrey Kovatchev (Vice-Chair)
* Esther de Lange (Vice-Chair)
* Vangelis Meimarakis (Vice-Chair)
* Siegfried Mureșan (Vice-Chair)
* Jan Olbrycht (Vice-Chair)
* Paulo Rangel (Vice-Chair)
* see European Parliament

European Commissioners (2024–2029)|

* Ursula von der Leyen (President)
* Maria Luís Albuquerque (Financial Services and the Savings and Investments Union)
* Magnus Brunner (Internal Affairs and Migration)
* Valdis Dombrovskis (Economy and Productivity, Implementation and Simplification)
* Christophe Hansen (Agriculture and Food)
* Wopke Hoekstra (Net-Zero and Clean Growth)
* Andrius Kubilius (Defence and Space)
* Jessika Roswall (Environment, Water Resilience, and a Competitive Circular Economy)
* Piotr Serafin (Budget, Anti_Fraud and Public Administration)
* Dubravka Šuica (Mediterranean)
* Apostolos Tzitzikostas (Sustainable Transport and Tourism)
* Henna Virkkunen (Executive Vice-President for Digital and Frontier Technologies)
* Ekaterina Zaharieva (Startups, Research and Innovation
* see von der Leyen Commission II

Heads of government
at the European Council|

* Karl Nehammer (Austria)
* Andrej Plenković (Croatia)
* Petteri Orpo (Finland)
* Kyriakos Mitsotakis (Greece)
* Simon Harris (Ireland)
* Evika Siliņa (Latvia)
* Luc Frieden (Luxembourg)
* Donald Tusk (Poland)
* Klaus Iohannis (Romania)
* Ulf Kristersson (Sweden)
* see European Council

European political foundation: Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template