Ninth Dynasty of Egypt

Ancient Egyptian dynasty

Ninth Dynasty of Egypt

c. 2160 BC–c. 2130 BC

Jasper weight with the cartouche of Nebkaure Khety

Capital| Herakleopolis Magna
Common languages| Egyptian language
Religion

| ancient Egyptian religion
Government| Absolute monarchy
Historical era| Bronze Age

• Established

| c. 2160 BC

• Disestablished

| c. 2130 BC

Preceded by | Succeeded by

|

|  | Seventh Dynasty of Egypt

|

| Eighth Dynasty of Egypt
| Tenth Dynasty of Egypt |

|

Periods and dynasties of ancient Egypt

All years are BC

Predynastic

|  Protodynastic|  0|  c. 3300–3150

|
|

Early Dynastic

|  First Dynasty|  I|  c. 3150–2890

|
|

Second Dynasty|  II|  2890–2686

Old Kingdom

|  Third Dynasty|  III|  2686–2613

|
|

Fourth Dynasty|  IV|  2613–2498
Fifth Dynasty|  V|  2498–2345
Sixth Dynasty|  VI|  2345–2181

First Intermediate

|  Seventh Dynasty|  VII|  spurious

|
|

Eighth Dynasty|  VIII|  2181–2160
Ninth Dynasty|  IX|  2160–2130
Tenth Dynasty|  X|  2130–2040
Early Eleventh Dynasty|  XI|  2134–2061

Middle Kingdom

|  Late Eleventh Dynasty|  XI|  2061–1991

|
|

Twelfth Dynasty|  XII|  1991–1803
Thirteenth Dynasty|  XIII|  1803–1649

Second Intermediate

|  Fourteenth Dynasty|  XIV|  1705–1690

|
|

Fifteenth Dynasty (Hyksos)|  XV|  1674–1535
Sixteenth Dynasty|  XVI|  1660–1600
Abydos Dynasty| |  1650–1600
Seventeenth Dynasty|  XVII|  1580–1549

New Kingdom

|  Eighteenth Dynasty|  XVIII|  1549–1292

|
|

Nineteenth Dynasty|  XIX|  1292–1189
Twentieth Dynasty|  XX|  1189–1077

Third Intermediate

|  Twenty-first Dynasty|  XXI|  1069–945

|
|

Twenty-second Dynasty|  XXII|  945–720
Twenty-third Dynasty|  XXIII|  837–728
Twenty-fourth Dynasty|  XXIV|  732–720
Twenty-fifth Dynasty (Nubian)|  XXV|  732–653

Late Period

|  Twenty-sixth Dynasty|  XXVI|  672–525

|
|

Twenty-seventh Dynasty
(1st Persian Period)

|  XXVII|  525–404
Twenty-eighth Dynasty|  XXVIII|  404–398
Twenty-ninth Dynasty|  XXIX|  398–380
Thirtieth Dynasty|  XXX|  380–343

Thirty-first Dynasty
(2nd Persian Period)

|  XXXI|  343–332

Hellenistic Egypt

|  Thirty-second Dynasty|  XXXII|  332–305

|
|

Thirty-third Dynasty|  XXXIII|  305–30

Roman Egypt

Thirty-fourth Dynasty
(Roman Pharaohs)

|  XXXIV|  30 BC – 313 AD

|
|

Byzantine Egypt

Thirty-fifth Dynasty
(speculated)

|  XXXV|  379 AD – 641 AD

|
|

See also: List of pharaohs by period and dynasty
Periodization of ancient Egypt

* v
* t
* e

The Ninth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty IX) is often combined with the 7th, 8th, 10th and early 11th Dynasties under the group title First Intermediate Period.[1] The dynasty that seems to have supplanted the Eighth Dynasty is extremely obscure. The takeover by the rulers of Herakleopolis was violent and is reflected in Manetho's description of Achthoes, the founder of the dynasty, as 'more terrible than his predecessors', who 'wrought evil things for those in all Egypt".

## Rulers

[edit]

The Ninth Dynasty was founded at Herakleopolis Magna, and the Tenth Dynasty continued there. At this time Egypt was not unified, and there is some overlap between these and other local dynasties. The Turin Canon lists eighteen kings for this royal line, but their names are damaged, unidentifiable, or lost.[2]

The following is a possible list of rulers of the Ninth Dynasty based on the Turin Canon, as egyptologists have differing opinions about the order of succession within the two dynasties. Among them, only Meryibre Khety and Nebkaure Khety are undoubtedly attested by archaeological finds:

Dynasty IX (according to Hayes) (c. 2160 - 2130 BC)[3] Name  | Image  | Comments

|
|

Meryibre Khety I  |  | Manetho's Achthoes, a nomarch who proclaimed himself pharaoh
[name lost]  |  | \-
Neferkare VII |  | Might be the Kaneferre mentioned in the tomb of the nomarch Ankhtifi
Nebkaure Khety II  |  | Also mentioned in The Eloquent Peasant tale
Setut |  | \-
[name lost]  |  | \-
Mery[...]  |  | \-
Shed[...]  |  | \-
H[...]  |  | \-
[three names lost]  |  | \-
User(?)[...]  |  | \-
Imhotep |  | Ephemeral ruler of the Ninth Dynasty. Only known from two rock inscriptions in the Wadi Hammamat.[4][5][6][7][8][9] Correct chronological position unknown.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 9th dynasty of Egypt.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Shaw, Ian, ed. (2000). The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press. p. 480. ISBN 0-19-815034-2.
2. ^ Sir Alan Gardiner, Egypt of the Pharaohs, Oxford University Press, 1961, pp. 112-13.
3. ^ William C. Hayes, in The Cambridge Ancient History, vol 1, part 2, 1971 (2008), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-077915, p. 996.
4. ^ Lepsius, Karl (1859). Denkmaler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien. pp. 115h.
5. ^ Breasted, James (1906). Ancient Records of Egypt (PDF). Vol. 1\. The University of Chicago Press. p. 175.
6. ^ Gauthier, Henri (1907). MIFAO 17 Le livre des rois d'Egypte Des origines à la fin de la XIIe dynastie. The French Institute of Oriental Archeology. pp. 143–144.
7. ^ Couyat, Jean; Montet, Pierre (1912). MIFAO 34 Les inscriptions hieroglyphiques et hieratiques du Ouâdi Hammâmât (PDF). The French Institute of Oriental Archeology. pp. 96, 103-104 pl. XXXIX.
8. ^ Baker, Darrell (2008). The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs. Predynastic to the Twentieth Century: 3300-1069 BC. Vol. 1\. Stacey International. p. 133\. ISBN 978-1905299379.
9. ^ Schenkel, Wolfgang (1965). Memphis Herakleopolis Theben Die Epigraphischen Zeugnisse Der 7.-11. Dynastie Ägyptens. Wiesbaden: Otto Harassowitz. pp. 27–28.

Preceded by

Eighth Dynasty

|  Dynasty of Egypt
c. 2160 – 2130 BC  | Succeeded by

Tenth Dynasty

|
|

This article about subjects relating to ancient Egypt (ca. 3150 BC - 30 BC) is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

|

* v
* t
* e

*[c.]: circa
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template