North-Western Provinces

Administrative region of British India (1836–1902)

Not to be confused with North-West Frontier Province.

North-Western Provinces

Province of India under Company rule (1836‐1858)
India under the British Raj (1858-1902)
1836–1902

North-Western Provinces, constituted in 1836 from erstwhile Presidency of Agra
Capital| Agra (1836–1858), Allahabad (1858–1902)[1]
Area|

• 1835

| 9,479 km2 (3,660 sq mi)
Population|

• 1835

| 4,500,000
History|

• Established

| 1836

• Delhi Territory transferred from N.W. Provinces to Punjab

| 1858

• Saugor and Nerbudda Territories separated from N.W. Provinces

| 1861

• Ajmer separated from N.W. Provinces

| 1871

• The offices of Lieutenant-Governor of the North-Western Provinces and Chief Commissioner of Oudh were combined in the same person

| 1877

• Disestablished

| 1902

Preceded by | Succeeded by

|

|  | Agra Presidency

|

| Oudh State
| United Provinces of Agra and Oudh |

|

Today part of| India

United Kingdom legislation

India (North-West Provinces) Act 1835

Act of Parliament
Long title| An Act to authorise the Court of Directors of the East India Company to suspend the Execution of the Provisions of the Act of the Third and Fourth William the Fourth, Chapter Eighty-five, so far as they relate to the Creation of the Government of Agra.
Citation| 5 & 6 Will. 4. c. 52
Dates
Royal assent| 31 August 1835
Other legislation
Amends|

* Government of India Act 1833

Amended by|

* Statute Law Revision Act 1890

The North-Western Provinces was an administrative region in British India. The North-Western Provinces were established in 1836, through merging the administrative divisions of the Ceded and Conquered Provinces. In 1858, the Nawab-ruled kingdom of Oudh was annexed and merged with the North-Western Provinces to form the renamed North-Western Provinces and Oudh. In 1902, this province was reorganized to form the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh.[2] Allahabad served as its capital from 1858, when it also became the capital of India for a day.[1]

## Area

[edit]

The province included all divisions of the present-day state of Uttar Pradesh with the exception of the Lucknow Division and Faizabad Division of Awadh.[2] Among other regions included at various times were: the Delhi Territory, from 1836 until 1858, when the latter became part of the Punjab Province of British India; Ajmer and Merwara, from 1832 and 1846, respectively, until 1871, when Ajmer-Merwara became a minor province of British India; and the Saugor and Nerbudda Territories from 1853 until 1861, when they were absorbed into the Central Provinces.[2][3]

## Administration

[edit]

The North Western Provinces was governed by a Lieutenant-Governor, who was appointed by the East India Company from 1836 to 1858, and by the British Government from 1858 to 1902.[2]

In 1856, after the annexation of Oudh State, the North Western Provinces became part of the larger province of North Western Provinces and Oudh. In 1902, the latter province was renamed the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh; in 1904, the region within the new United Provinces corresponding to the North Western Provinces was renamed the Agra Province.[4]

## See also

[edit]

* List of chief commissioners of Oudh
* List of lieutenant-governors of the North-Western Provinces
* List of lieutenant-governors of the North-Western Provinces and chief commissioners of Oudh
* Company rule in India
* British Raj
* United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
* Northwest India (pre-1947)

A map showing the new province of North-Western Provinces and Oudh in 1857

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ a b Ashutosh Joshi (1 January 2008). Town Planning Regeneration of Cities. New India Publishing. p. 237\. ISBN 978-8189422820.
2. ^ a b c d Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. XXIV 1908, p. 158
3. ^ "North-western Provinces". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 1 December 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2011.
4. ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. V 1908, p. 72

## References

[edit]

* Administration of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, April 1882 – November 1887, Allahabad: Government Press, North-Western Provinces and Oudh, 1887
* Bayly, C. A. (1988), Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion, 1770–1870, Cambridge University Press Archive, ISBN 978-0-521-31054-3
* Government of India. Legislative Dept (1892), The N.-W. provinces and Oudh code: consisting of the Bengal regulations and the local acts of the Governor General in council in force in the North-Western provinces and Oudh, the acts of the Lieutenant-Governor of the North-Western provinces and Oudh in council, the regulation made under 33 Vict., Cap. 3 for the Tarai, and lists of the enactments which have been scheduled in force in, or extended to, the scheduled districts of the North-Western provinces by notification under the scheduled districts act, 1874; with a chronological table and an index, Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India
* Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. V (1908), Abāzai to Arcot ("Agra Province" pp. 71–72), Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. viii, 1 map, 437.
* Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. XXIV (1908), Travancore to Zīra ("United Provinces" pp. 132–276), Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. vi, 1 map, 437.

* v
* t
* e

Presidencies and provinces of British India

Italics = areas outside present-day India and Pakistan

Presidencies|

* Agra Presidency
* Bengal Presidency
* Bombay Presidency
* Madras Presidency
* Presidency of Coromandel and Bengal Settlements
* Straits Settlements Presidency (at Penang)
* Western Presidency (Surat Presidency)

Provinces|

* Aden Province (associated, in Yemen, Arabia)
* Agra Province
* Ajmer-Merwara
* Andaman and Nicobar Islands
* Assam Province
* Baluchistan
* Bengal Province
* Berar Province
* Bihar and Orissa Province
* Bihar Province
* (Upper) Burma
* Central Provinces
* Central Provinces and Berar
* Coorg Province
* Delhi Province
* Eastern Bengal and Assam
* Lower Burma
* Nagpur Province
* North-West Frontier Province
* North-Western Provinces
* Orissa Province
* Panth-Piploda Province
* Punjab Province
* Sind Province
* United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
* United Provinces of British India
* United Provinces

* Agencies of British India
* British Empire in India
* British rule in Burma
* Districts of British India
* Divisions of British India
* List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)
* Residencies of British India
* Subdivisions of British India
* Territorial evolution of the British Empire

* v
* t
* e

State of Uttarakhand

State capitals: legislative: Dehradun (winter); Bhararisain (summer); judicial: Nainital

Government|

| Symbols|

* Day
* Emblem
* Song
* Motto

|

Executive|

* Governor
* Chief Minister
* Council of Ministers
* Cabinets
* Chief Secretary
* Gazette
* Agencies
* Departments
* Disaster Response Force
* Fire and Emergency Services
* Provincial Armed Constabulary
* Forest Department
* Police Department
* Public Works Department
* Public Service Commission
* Provincial Civil Service
* Provincial Police Service
* Provincial Forest Service

Legislature|

* Legislative Assembly
* History
* Speaker
* Leader of the Opposition

Judiciary|

* High Court
* Chief Justice
* Judges
* Bar Council
* Lok Adalat
* Lokayukta

History|

| Ancient
kingdoms|

* Uttarakuru kingdom
* Paurava kingdom
* Khasa Janapada kingdom
* Himalaya kingdom
* Parvata kingdom
* Kirata kingdom
* Nanda Empire
* Maurya Empire
* Kushan Empire
* Kuninda kingdom
* Gupta Empire

|

Medieval
kingdoms|

* Garhwal Kingdom
* Panwar dynasty
* Kumaon kingdom
* Katyuri dynasty
* Chand dynasty
* Khasa kingdom
* Raika kingdom
* Gorkha kingdom
* Shah dynasty
* Anglo-Nepalese War
* Treaty of Sugauli

Colonial
Uttarakhand|

| Company
rule|

* Ceded and conquered provinces
* North-Western Provinces
* Agra Presidency

|

Crown
rule|

* United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
* United Provinces

Contemporary
Uttarakhand|

* Rampur Tiraha firing
* Bifurcation of Uttar Pradesh

Geography
and
ecology|

| Geological
features|

| Mountains|

* Great Himalayas
* Garhwal Himalayas
* Sivalik Hills
* Mountain peaks
* Bugyals
* Lakes

|

Plains|

* Bhabar
* Doon Valley
* Terai
* Doab
* Ganges Basin

Ecoregions|

| Highlands|

* Western Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows
* Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests
* Himalayan subtropical pine forests

|

Lowlands|

* Western Himalayan broadleaf forests
* Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests
* Terai–Duar savanna and grasslands
* Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests

Demographics|

| Ethnic
groups|

| Indo-Aryans|

* Garhwalis
* Kumaonis
* Jaunsaris
* Buksas
* Tharus
* Van Gujjars

|

Tibeto-Burmans|

* Bhotiyas
* Shaukas
* Rajis
* Jads
* Banrawats

Caste
groups|

* Gangari Brahmin
* Kumaoni Rajput
* Sarola Brahmin
* Scheduled Castes
* Scheduled Tribes

Languages|

| Official|

* Hindi
* Sanskrit

|

Spoken|

| Indo-Aryan|

* Garhwali
* Kumaoni
* Jaunsari
* Bangani
* Buksa
* Tharu
* Van Gujjari

|

Tibeto-Burman|

* Rongpo
* Byangsi
* Chaudangsi
* Darmiya
* Raji
* Rawat
* Jad

Administrative
divisions|

| Urban|

* Districts
* Tehsils
* Urban Local Bodies
* Municipal Corporations

|

Rural|

* Parganas
* Community Development Blocks

Politics|

* Coolie-Begar movement
* Statehood movement
* Chipko movement
* 2016 political crisis
* Elections
* Local elections
* Assembly constituencies
* Former constituencies
* Parliamentary constituencies
* Rajya Sabha members
* Lok Sabha members

Tourism|

| Monuments|

* World Heritage Site
* Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks
* Ramsar Wetland
* Asan Barrage
* Monuments of National Importance
* State Protected Monuments
* Temples
* Tourist attractions in Dehradun

|

Chardham
circuit|

* Gangotri
* Yamunotri
* Yamunotri Temple
* Badrinath
* Badrinath Temple
* Kedarnath
* Kedarnath Temple
* Sapta Badri
* Panch Kedar
* Panch Prayag
* Gomukh

National
parks|

* Gangotri
* Govind Pashu Vihar
* Jim Corbett
* Nanda Devi
* Rajaji
* Valley of Flowers

Sports|

* Cricket
* Men's cricket team
* Women's cricket team
* Association football
* Men's football team
* Cricket Stadium
* Olympic Stadium
* Sports College

Other
topics|

* Transport
* Airports
* Char Dham Highway
* Char Dham Railway
* Dehradun–Rishikesh–Haridwar Metro
* Music
* Cuisine
* Kumaoni cuisine
* Economy
* Education
* School Education Board
* Institutes of higher education
* Awards and decorations
* Uttarakhand Ratna
* Uttarakhand Gaurav Samman

Districts|

| Kumaon|

* Almora
* Bageshwar
* Champawat
* Nainital
* Pithoragarh
* Udham Singh Nagar

|

Garhwal|

* Chamoli
* Dehradun
* Haridwar
* Pauri Garhwal
* Rudraprayag
* Tehri Garhwal
* Uttarkashi

Major
cities|

* Dehradun
* Haridwar
* Haldwani
* Roorkee
* Kashipur
* Rudrapur
* Kotdwar
* Rishikesh
* Ramnagar
* Pithoragarh
* Srinagar
* New Tehri
* Nainital
* Mussoorie
* Almora
* Pauri

25°27′N 81°51′E﻿ / ﻿25.45°N 81.85°E﻿ / 25.45; 81.85
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