North China Transportation Company

A bus of the North China Transportation Company (TaHa(タハ)54, Dodge-built bus)

Native name

| 華北交通株式会社

Romanized name

| Japanese Hepburn: Kahoku Kōtsū kabushiki gaisha
Chinese pinyin: Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè
Company type| Private KK
Industry| Railway, Transportation
Founded| 1938
Defunct| 1945
Headquarters|

Beijing

Provisional Republic of China

Area served

| east-central China
Services| Railway transport, Bus transport
Total equity| 50 million yen

Number of employees

| 110,000
Parent| South Manchuria Railway

The North China Transportation Company (華北交通株式会社, Japanese: Kahoku Kōtsū kabushiki gaisha, Chinese: Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè) was a transportation company in the territory of the collaborationist Provisional Government of the Republic of China during the Japanese occupation.

## History

[edit]

After Japan occupied a large part of northern China during the Sino-Japanese War, it set up a puppet government known as the Provisional Government of the Republic of China. In 1938, the Provisional Government nationalised the various railway and bus companies in its jurisdiction, after which the South Manchuria Railway set up a subsidiary, called the North China Transportation Company, to operate the railways and bus services within the Provisional Government's territory. With its headquarters in Beijing, the NCTC at its peak employed 110,000 people, of which 70% were Chinese. The company was liquidated in 1945 following Japan's defeat in the Pacific War, and the railways were taken over by the China Railway.

Amongst the railway companies that were nationalised were:

* Beining Railway \- previously known as the Peking−Mukden Railway; Beijing−Shanhaiguan section only; the Shanhaiguan−Fengtian section was taken over by the Manchukuo National Railway in 1933;
* Jiaoji Railway;
* Jinghan Railway;
* Jingsui Railway \- Beijing−Guisui (Hohhot), now part of the Beijing–Baotou Railway;
* Longhai Railway;
* Tongpu Railway \- originally narrow gauge, but soon converted to standard gauge;
* Zhengtai Railway \- originally narrow gauge, later converted to standard gauge, becoming the Shitai Line.

## Routes

[edit]

* Boshan Line (博山線) Zhangdian-Boshan (張店～博山)
* Hongshan Line (黌山線) Zichuan-Hongshan (淄川～黌山)
* Jiaoji Trunk Line (膠済幹線) Qingdao-Jinan (青島～済南)
* Jingbao Trunk Line (京包幹線) Beijing-Baotou (北京～包頭)[1]
* Jinggu Trunk Line (京古幹線) Beijing-Gubeikou(北京～古北口)
* Jinghan Trunk Line (京漢幹線) Beijing-Hankou (北京～漢口)
* Jingshan Line (京山線) Beijing-Shanhaiguan (北京～山海関)
* Jinpu Trunk Line (津浦幹線) Tianjin-Xuzhou (天津～徐州)
* Longhai Trunk Line (隴海幹線) Lianyun-Kaifeng (連雲～開封)
* Shimen Trunk Line (石門幹線) Shimen-Dexian (石門～徳縣)
* Shitai Trunk Line (石太幹線) Shimen-Taiyuan (石門～太原)
* Tongpu Trunk Line (同蒲幹線) Datong-Puzhou [zh] (大同～蒲州)

## Rolling stock

[edit]

A Ya1 class boxcar of the North China Transportation Company

Locomotives of the North China Transportation Company used the same classification system used by the South Manchuria Railway between 1938 and 1945.

### Locomotives

[edit]

#### Standard gauge

[edit]

Class | Numbers | Original owner | Original
class & numbers | Wheel
arr. | Builder | Total
in class | Year built | Image | Notes

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

アメニ
Ameni | 1501−1506~ | Beining Railway | Class 40: 41−46~ | 4-4-0 | Baldwin | >6 | 1879 |  | [1]
ダブサ
Dabusa | 1501−1504 | Jingsui Railway | ? | 2-6-4T | Baldwin | 4 | 1906 |  | [2]
ダブシ
Dabushi | 1501−1504~ | Jingsui Railway | Class 20: 21−24~ | 2-6-4ST | Dübs and Company | >4 | 1892 |  | [3]
デカサ
Dekasa | 1501−1507 | Longhai Railway | Class 600: 601−607 | 2-10-0 | Shahekou, Kisha Seizō | 7 | 1937 |  | [4]
エトサ
Etosa | 1501− | Jiaoji Railway | ? | 0-8-0 | Japan |  |  |  | [5]
エトシ
Etoshi | 1501− | Jiaoji Railway |  | 0-8-0 | Henschel | ? | 1905 |  | [6]
ホネイ
Honei | 1501−1508~ | Jiaoji Railway | Class 10: 11−18~ | 0-6-2T | Borsig | >8 | 1900 |  | Forney locomotive.[7]
ホネニ
Honeni | 1501−1507~ | Beining Railway | Class 47: 47−53~ | 0-6-2T | Baldwin | >7 | 1897 |  | Forney locomotive.[8]
マレイ
Marei | 1501−1504 | Jingsui Railway | Class 20: 21−24 | 0-6-6-0 | North British | 4 | 1908 |  | [9]
マレニ
Mareni | 1501−1504 | Jingsui Railway | Class 70: 71−74 | 2-4-4-2 | Baldwin | 4 | 1911 |  | [10]
マレサ
Maresa | 1501−1507 | Jingsui Railway | Class 90: 91−97 | 2-8-8-2 | ALCo | 7 | 1914 |  | Superheated.[11]
マレシ
Mareshi | 1501−1507 | Jingsui Railway | Class 200: 201−207 | 2-8-8-2 | ALCo | 7 | 1921 |  | Largest steam locomotives exported from the United States; used on Badaling slope.[12][13]
ミカイ
Mikai | 1501−1520 | Manchukuo National | ミカナ16718−16736, 16739 | 2-8-2 | Kisha Seizō, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi, Kawasaki, Sifang | 270 | 1938 |  | "New National Big Mika" (新國大ミカ). First 20 transferred from Manchukuo National Railway.[14]
1521−1769 | new for NCTC | \-- | 1939−1945 | "New National Big Mika" (新國大ミカ). New for NCTC.
ミカロ
Mikaro | 1501−1505 | Manchukuo National | ミカロ640–644 | 2-8-2 | Kisha Seizō, others | 120 | 1938−1944 |  | First five transferred from Manchukuo National in 1938.[14]
1506−1620 | new for NCTC | \-- | 72 of the 115 new for NCTC were built by Kisha Seizō in 1938-1939 and 1943-1944.
ミカナ
Mikana | 1501−1524 | Jingfeng Railway | 201−224 | 2-8-2 | North British, Tangshan Arsenal | 21+ | 1913−1924 |  | Built by North British, assembled by Tangshan.[9]
1541−1590 | Jinpu Railway | MK xxx | 2-8-2 | ALCo | 50 | 1918−1920, 19xx |  | [citation needed]
1601−1646 | Jingsui Railway | Class 300: 301−346 | 2-8-2 | ALCo | 46 | 1922 |  | [citation needed]
1651−1654~ | Jiaoji Railway | Class 600: 601−604 | 2-8-2 | Hudswell Clarke, Shahekou | >4 | 1931 |  | [citation needed]
ミカハ
Mikaha | 1501−1545 | new for NCTC | \-- | 2-8-2 | Škoda | 45 | 1939 |  | [15]
モガイ
Mogai | 1501−1508 | Beining Railway | Class 140: 141−148 | 2-8-2 | North British/Tangshan | 8 | 1903−1908 |  | [9]
1511−1532 | Class 150: 151−172 | 22 | 1914−1916 |  | [9]
モガニ
Mogani | 1501−1512 | Beining Railway | Class 60: 61−72 | 2-6-0 | Baldwin | 12 | 1897−1899 |  | [16]
1521−1526 | Jinghan Railway | ? | Rogers | 6 | 1900−1903 |  | [9]
モガサ
Mogasa | 1501−1533 | Beining Railway | Class 90: 91−123 | 2-6-0 | Dübs/North British/Tangshan | 33 | 1900–1903 |  | [9][17]
モガシ
Mogashi | 1501−1510 | Jingsui Railway | Class 10: 10−19 | 2-8-2 | North British/Tangshan | 10 | 1908−1909 |  | Built by North British, assembled by Tangshan.[9]
1511−1538 | Jinpu Railway | ? | Baldwin | 28 | 1909 |  | [9]
1541−1552 | ? | North British/Tangshan | 12 | 1910 |  | [9]
1561−1564 | Beining Railway | ? | North British/Tangshan | 4 | 1919−1920 |  | [9]
1571−1581 | Class 230: 231−241 | North British/Tangshan | 11 | 1923−1928 |  | [9]
モガコ
Mogako | 1501−1537 | Jinghan Railway | ? | 2-6-0 | Fives-Lille | 37 | 1902−1905 |  | [18]
1541−1543 | Class 1400: 1400−1402 | Saint-Léonard | 3 | 1905 |  | [19]
モガロ
Mogaro | 1501−1503~ | Jinghan Railway | Class 100: 101−103~ | 2-6-0 | Fives-Lille | >3 | 1901 |  | [20]
モガナ
Mogana | 1501−1506 | Jinpu Railway | ? | 2-6-0 | Hanomag | 6 | 1910−1911 |  | [21]
1511−1524 | Class 30: 30−43 | Humboldt | 14 | 1911? |  | [21]
モガハ
Mogaha | 1501−1515 | Longhai Railway | ? | 2-6-0 | Vulcan (UK) | 15 | 1916−1919 |  | [9][22]
モガク
Mogaku | 1501−15xx | Jinghai Railway | Class 90: 91−x | 2-6-0 | Baldwin | ? | 1901 |  |
モガ_
Moga_ | 1501−1502 | Daoqing Railway | ? | 2-6-0 | ALCo | 2 | 1913, 1918 |  | [9]
パシイ
Pashii | 1501−1520 | Jingsui Railway | ? | 4-6-2 | ALCo | 20 | 192x |  | [9]
1521−1530 | Beining Railway | Class 180: 180−189 | Baldwin | 10 | 1920−1925 |  | [23]
1531−1538 | Jiaoji Railway | Class 400: 400−408 | ALCo | 8 | 1921 |  | [23]
1539−1540 | Class 400: 409−410 | Kisha Seizō | 2 | 1922 |  | [23]
パシサ
Pashisa | 1501–1520 | new for NCTC | \-- | 4-6-2 | Hitachi | 20 | 1938 |  | "New National Small Pashi" (新國小パシ).
1521–1550 | Kisha Seizō | 30 | 1939−1940 |  | "New National Small Pashi" (新國小パシ).
パシロ
Pashiro | 1501−1512 | MNR | パシロ566–569, 571–578 | 4-6-2 | Kawasaki, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi | 12 | 1937 |  | Superheated express passenger locomotives. First 12 transferred from Manchukuo National.
1513−1589 | new for NCTC | \-- | Kawasaki | 57 | 1941–1944 |
パシナ
Pashina | 1501−1512 | Jinpu Railway | ? | 4-6-2 | ALCo | 12 | 1921 |  | [9]
1521−1528 | Class 410: 410−417 | North British | 8 | 1933 |  | [23]
プレコ
Pureko | 1501−1510 | Beining Railway | ? | 2-6-2T | North British | 10 | 1887 |  | [9]
1511−1516 | ? | 2-6-2 | 6 | 1914 |  | [9]
1521−1522 | Jingsui Railway | ? | 2-6-2ST | 2 | 1908 |  | [9]
プレロ
Purero | 15xx | Beining Railway | Class 20: 20−24 | 2-6-2T | North British/Tangshan | 17 | 1921−1925 |  | [9]
15xx | Beining Railway | Class 25: 25−xx | 2-6-2 | ? | 1923−1927 |  | [9][24]
15xx | Class 150: 150−154~ | 2-6-2 | Baldwin | ? | 1914 |  | [9]
15xx incl. 1529 | ? | 2-6-2T | North British/Tangshan | ? | 1891−1896 |  | [9]
プレナ
Purena | 15xx | Jingsui Railway | ? | 2-6-2 | Baldwin | ? | 1921 |  | [9]
15xx | ? | ? | 1909 |  | [9][25]
プレハ
Pureha | 1501−15xx | Jingsui Railway | ? | 2-6-2 | Baldwin | ? | 1911 |  | [9]
プレク
Pureku | 1501−1540 | Jinghan Railway | ? | 2-6-2 | Franco-Belge | 40 | 1920−1923 |  | [9][26]
1541−1555 | Class 20: 20−34 | Škoda | 15 | 1936 |  | [9][27]
1561−1570 | Class 350: 350−359 | Lima | 10 | 1920−1922 |  | [9]
プレチ
Purechi | 1501−1505 | Longhai Railway | Class 50: 51−55 | 2-6-2T | Tubize | 5 | 1914 |  | [9][28]
?? (Shay) | 1501−1506 | Jingsui Railway | Class 25: 25−30 | 2+2+2 | Lima | 6 | 1909−1912 |  | 3-truck (Class C) Shay locomotive.[9]
サタイ
Satai | 1501−1506 | Manchukuo National | ダブロ xxx | 2-10-2T | Škoda | 6 | 1929−1930 |  | Originally CER class Ь 4001-4007, broad gauge; converted to standard gauge by MNR and transferred to NCTC.[9][29]
1507 | Kawasaki | 1 | 1930
サタニ
Satani | 1501−1510 | Jinpu Railway | ? | 2-10-2 | Krupp | 10 | 1935 |  | Similar to DRG Class 45.[30]
サタサ
Satasa | 1501 | Longhai Railway | ? | 2-10-2 | Tubize | 1 | 1937 |  | [31]
シカコ
Shikako | 1501−15xx | Jinghan Railway | Class 60: 60−xx | 0-6-0T | Cockerill | ? | 1901 |  | [9][32]
ソリニ
Sorini | 1501−1508 | Longhai Railway | ? | 2-8-0 | Tubize | 8 | 1925 |  | [9][33]
1511−15xx | ? | SACM | ? | 1935−1936 |  | [34]
ソリシ
Sorishi | 1501−1518 | Huning Ry | ? | 2-8-0 | ? | 18 | 1919
(to China) |  | 18 ROD 2-8-0 bought by Huning Railway in 1919.[9]
1519−1521 | Shenhai Railway | ? | North British | 3 | 1926
(to China) | 3 ROD 2-8-0 bought by Shenhai Railway in 1926.[9]
1522−1537 | Beining Railway | ? | Baldwin | 16 | 1920 |  | [9]
ソリコ
Soriko | 1501−1650 | JGR | various | 2-8-0 | Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, JGR Ogura Works | 150 | 1938−1939
(to China) |  | JGR Class 9600 locomotives converted to standard gauge and delivered to NCTC.[35]
ソリナ
Sorina | 1501−1510 | Jinghan Railway | ? | 2-8-0 | ALCo | 10 | 1917 |  | [9]
テホニ
Tehoni | 1501−1506 | Jiaoji Railway | Class 70: 70−75 | 4-6-0 | Vulcan Stettin | 6 | 1910−1911 |  | [36]
1507−1523 | ? | 17 | 1901−1905 |
1524−1535 | Jinpu Railway | ? | Hawthorn Leslie | 12 | 1910 |  | [9]
テホサ
Tehosa | 1501−1510~ | Beining Railway | Class 110: 110−119~ | 4-6-0 | North British/Tangshan | >10 | 1910−1919 |  | Rebuilt with superheaters in the late 1930s.[9][37]
テホシ
Tehoshi | 1501−1505 | Jiaoji Railway | Class 300: 301−305 | 4-6-0 | Schwartzkopff | 5 | 1913 |  | [38]
テホコ
Tehoko | 1501−1511~ | ? | ? | 4-6-0 | Henschel, Hanomag | >11 | 1910−1913 |  | [39]
テホロ
Tehoro | 1501−1510 | Jinghan Railway | ? | 4-6-0 | Tubize? | 10 | 1913−1914 |  | [40]
テホナ
Tehona | 1501−1532 | Jinghan Railway | Class 200: 201−232 | 4-6-0 | France | 32 | 1904−1907 |  | [41]
1541−1550 | Longhai Railway | ? | 10 | 1909 |  | [9]

#### Narrow gauge

[edit]

Class | Numbers | Original owner | Original
class & numbers | Wheel
arr. | Builder | Total
in class | Year built | Image | Notes

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

デカA
DekaA | 1501−1550~ | Tongpu Railway | Class 300: 300−349 | 2-10-0 | Henschel | ~50 | 1937 |  | 1000 mm.[42]
デカB
DekaB | 1501−1550~ | Tongpu Railway | Class 350: 350−399~ | 2-10-0 | Kisha Seizō, Hitachi | ~50 | 1936 |  | 1000 mm.[43]
ホネA
HoneA | 1501−1530 | Zhengtai Railway | Class 100: 100−129 | 0-6-4T | Fives-Lille | ? | 1906 |  | 1000 mm. Forney locomotive.[9]
モガA
MogaA | 1501−15xx | Tongpu Railway | Class 100: 100−1xx | 2-6-0 | ALCo | <10 | 1908 |  | [9]
モガB
MogaB | 1501−1503~ | Tongpu Railway | Class 110: 110−112~ | 2-6-0 | Henschel | >3 | 1934−1935 |  | 1067 mm.[44]
モガC
MogaC | 1501−15xx | Japanese Government Railways | Class 8620: 78625, others? | 2-6-0 | Kawasaki
(78625) | ? | 1924
(78625) |  | 1067 mm.[9] JGR Class 8620 supplied second-hand after 1938.
プレA
PureA | 1501−1560 | Japanese Government Railways | Class C12: 101-102
103-105
106
107-109
110-113
114-135
136-138
139-143
144-147
148-154
155-156
157-160 | 2-6-2T | Nippon Sharyō
Mitsubishi
Kawasaki
Kisha Seizō
Hitachi
Kawasaki
Hitachi
Nippon Sharyō
Kawasaki
Kisha Seizō
Nippon Sharyō
Kisha Seizō | 60 | 1935-1937 |  | 1067 mm. JGR Class C12 converted to 1000 mm and shipped to NCTC.[9]
プレB
PureB | 1501−1502 | ? | ? | 2-6-2 | Kawasaki | 2 | 1923, 1927 |  | [9]

Shika | 1501−1505~ | Tongpu Railway | LCK10 | 0-6-0T | Barclay | 1? | 1913 |  | 1067 mm.[45]
LCK20 | Vulcan Iron Works (UK) | 1? | 1910 |  | 762 mm.
5−x | Japan | >1 | 1921 |  | [9]
Zhengtai Railway | Class 10: 11~ | France | >1 | 1905 |  | [46]
ソリA
SoriA | 1501−1526 | Japanese Government Railway | Clasa 9050: ? | 2-8-0 | various | 26 | 1937−1938
(regauged) |  | 1067 mm. JGR Class C12 converted to 1000 mm and shipped to NCTC.

## Services

[edit]

Observation car formerly used on the Tairiku Express, now preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum. The same observation car in service on the Tairiku at Gyeongseong, Korea.

The North China Transportation Company ran a number of long-distance trains, both within China and in conjunction with the South Manchuria Railway and the Chosen Government Railway. Notable trains include the "Tairiku" ("Continental") and "Kōa" limited express trains between Beijing and Busan, Korea. The "Tairiku" entered service in 1938, making the trip from Busan to Beijing in 37.5 hours in 1940; the train was discontinued in 1944. The observation car used on this train is preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum. The "Kōa" was put into operation in 1939, making the same trip in 39.5 hours in 1940, but by 1945 the trip took 49 hours. The "Kōa" was discontinued after the Japanese defeat in the Pacific War.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ 我们的火车站 (AM2)
2. ^ 我们的火车站 (DB3)
3. ^ 我们的火车站 (DB4)
4. ^ 我们的火车站 (DK3)
5. ^ 我们的火车站 (ET3)
6. ^ 我们的火车站 (ET4)
7. ^ 我们的火车站 (FN1)
8. ^ 我们的火车站 (FN2)
9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at 万国牌蒸汽机车型号
10. ^ 我们的火车站 (ML2)
11. ^ 我们的火车站 (ML3)
12. ^ 我们的火车站 (ML4)
13. ^ "中國鐵路蒸汽機車大事記（1865-2000）". Archived from the original on 2017-09-08. Retrieved 2017-09-15.
14. ^ a b Kokubu, Hayato (January 2007). 将軍様の鉄道 [Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō] (in Japanese). 新潮社 (Shinchosha). p. 107\. ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6.
15. ^ JF13型蒸汽机车
16. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG2)
17. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG3)
18. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG5)
19. ^ "VFL.Ru это, фотохостинг без регистрации, и быстрый хостинг изображений".
20. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG6)
21. ^ a b 我们的火车站 (MG7)
22. ^ MG型35号蒸汽机车
23. ^ a b c d 勝利型蒸汽機車
24. ^ 我们的火车站 (PL12)
25. ^ 站台票欣赏——蒸汽机车生肖站台票
26. ^ 我们的火车站 (PL9)
27. ^ 我们的火车站 (PL9-2)
28. ^ 我们的火车站 (PL10)
29. ^ [Historie - Škoda Transportation a.s.]
30. ^ 我们的火车站 (ST2)
31. ^ 我们的火车站 (ST3)
32. ^ 我们的火车站 (XK5)
33. ^ 我们的火车站 (KD2)
34. ^ 我们的火车站 (KD2-2)
35. ^ 中国蒸汽機車世紀集影 (Centennial Collection of Chinese Steam Locomotives), China Railway Publishing House, July 2001, ISBN 7-113-04148-5 (in Chinese)
36. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH2)
37. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH3)
38. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH4)
39. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH5)
40. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH6)
41. ^ 我们的火车站 (TH7)
42. ^ 我们的火车站 (DK51)
43. ^ 我们的火车站 (DK51-2)
44. ^ 我们的火车站 (MG51)
45. ^ 蒸汽机车科普 (LCK10)
46. ^ 我们的火车站 (XK9)

## External links

[edit]

* North China Transportation Company Photo Archive

* v
* t
* e

North China Transportation Company locomotives and rolling stock

Steam locomotives|

| Standard gauge|

* Ameni
* Dabusa
* Dabushi
* Dekasa
* Etosa
* Etoshi
* Honei
* Honeni
* Marei
* Mareni
* Maresa
* Mareshi
* Mikai
* Mikako
* Mikaro
* Mikana (1)
* Mikana (2)
* Mikana (3)
* Mikana (4)
* Mikaha
* Mogai
* Mogani (1)
* Mogani (2)
* Mogasa
* Mogashi (1)
* Mogashi (2)
* Mogako
* Mogaro
* Mogana
* Mogaha
* Mogaku
* Moga_
* Pashii (1)
* Pashii (2)
* Pashii (3)
* Pashisa
* Pashiro
* Pashina (1)
* Pashina (2)
* Pureko
* Purero (1)
* Purero (2)
* Purero (3)
* Purero (4)
* Purena (1)
* Purena (2)
* Pureha
* Pureku
* Purechi
* Satai
* Satani
* Satasa
* Shay
* Shika
* Shikako
* Sorini
* Sorishi (1)
* Sorishi (2)
* Soriko
* Sorina
* Tehoni (1)
* Tehoni (2)
* Tehosa
* Tehoshi
* Tehoko
* Tehoro
* Tehona

|

Narrow gauge|

* DekaA
* DekaB
* HoneA
* MogaA
* MogaB
* MogaC
* PureA
* PureB
* Shika (1)
* Shika (2)
* SoriA

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