Northrop Grumman

American aerospace and defense company

Northrop Grumman Corporation

Company type| Public

Traded as

* NYSE: NOC
* S&P 500 component

Industry| Aerospace, defense
Predecessors|

* Northrop Corporation
* Grumman Corporation

Founded| 1994; 31 years ago (1994)
Headquarters|

West Falls Church, Virginia

U.S.

Area served

| Worldwide

Key people

| Kathy J. Warden
(President and CEO)
Revenue|  US$41.03 billion (2024)

Operating income

|  US$4.370 billion (2024)

Net income

|  US$4.173 billion (2024)
Total assets|  US$49.36 billion (2024)
Total equity|  US$15.29 billion (2024)

Number of employees

| c. 97,000 (2024)
Website| www.northropgrumman.com
Footnotes / references
[1]
Northrop Grumman developed and built the B-2 Spirit strategic bomber. RQ-4 Global Hawk, a high-altitude, long-endurance surveillance platform Mission Systems headquarters facility in Linthicum, Maryland

Northrop Grumman Corporation, headquartered in West Falls Church, Virginia, is an aerospace manufacturer active in the arms industry and the space industry. The company is the 5th largest of the top 100 contractors of the U.S. federal government; it receives over 2% of total spending by the federal government of the United States on contractors.[2][3][4]

The company's Aeronautics Systems division (29% of 2024 revenues) develops the B-21 Raider strategic bomber that can drop conventional and thermonuclear weapons (forecasted to be ready for combat in 2029), the B-2 Spirit strategic bomber (which will be replaced by the B-21), fuselage production for the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter and F/A-18 Super Hornet, Grumman E-2 Hawkeye airborne early warning and control, MQ-4C Triton unmanned aerial vehicle, RQ-4 Global Hawk surveillance aircraft, and the NATO Alliance Ground Surveillance Force.[1] The company's defense systems division (19% of 2024 revenues) designs the modernization of the intercontinental ballistic missile system including the LGM-35 Sentinel, the Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Command System, Vinnell training, and the M1156 precision guidance kit.[1] The company's mission systems division (25% of 2024 revenues) creates military radar, sensors, and related products, including C4I radar systems for air defense, Airspace Management radar systems such as AWACS, Multi-Platform Radar Technology Insertion Program, night vision goggles, Airport Movement Area Safety System, and battlefield surveillance systems like the Airborne Reconnaissance Low (ARL). Tactical aircraft sensors include the AN/APG-68 radar, the AN/APG-80 Active electronically scanned array radar, and the AN/APG-83 AESA radar upgrade for the F-16 Fighting Falcon, the AN/APG-77 AESA radar for the F-22 Raptor, and the AN/APG-81 AESA radar for the F-35 Lightning II, and the AN/AAQ-37 electro-optical Distributed Aperture System (DAS) for the F-35, and the APQ-164 Passive Electronically Scanned Array (PESA) radar for the B-1 Lancer.[1] The company's space systems division (27% of 2024 revenues) develops Satcom communications satellites, Next-Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared satellites, the Cygnus uncrewed spacecraft, motors for the NASA Space Launch System, logistics support for the Lunar Gateway, Graphite-Epoxy Motor solid rocket boosters, and satellites for the Norwegian Space Agency.[1]

The company is ranked 110th on the Fortune 500 list of America's largest corporations.[5] In 2024, 87% of the company's revenues came from the federal government of the United States, while 12% was from international sources.[1]

Northrop Grumman and its industry partners have won the Collier Trophy nine times, including for the development and production of the James Webb Space Telescope, a space telescope launched in 2021.[1]

The company was formed in 1994 through the merger of Northrop Corporation and Grumman Aerospace.

## History

[edit]

Company logo used from 1994 to 2020 The assembly line for Northrop P-61 Black Widows at the Northrop plant in Hawthorne, California, in World War II. Center wings and fuselages take shape on the left, with more nearly finished airplanes on the right.[6]

Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on Long Island, New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.[7] By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.[7] During World War II the company built most US Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first aluminum canoes using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as ballistic missiles, all-weather radars, the Apollo Lunar Module, land and sea-based fighter aircraft and Stealth bombers.[8]

Founded in California in 1939 by Jack Northrop, the Northrop Corporation was reincorporated in Delaware in 1985.[9] Northrop made a series of light-weight fighter aircraft such as the F-5, YF-17, and F-20. However, Northrop was best known for its experimental flying wing aircraft, the XB-35 and YB-49 of the late 1940s and early 1950s. These flying wing aircraft, while unsuccessful, would pave the way for the B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber, on which Northrop was the prime contractor.[10][11] After the end of the Cold War, Northrop made a series of acquisitions, buying Grumman Aerospace, Westinghouse and TRW Inc. in addition to a number of other enterprises.[8] In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of Orbital ATK, which has since been renamed to Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems. Northrop Grumman is one of the largest defense contractors in the world.[12][13]

### 1990s

[edit]

In 1994, Northrop Aircraft bought Grumman Aerospace, which built the Apollo Lunar Module[14] to create Northrop Grumman (NG) at a cost of $2.1 billion.[15] The company purchased the remaining 51% interest in Vought Aircraft Company (Vought) in August 1994 for $130 million taking full control of the company after it had purchased an initial 49% interest in September 1992 for $45 million.[citation needed]

In 1996, the new company acquired substantially all of the defense and electronics systems business of Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Westinghouse Electronic Systems, a major manufacturer of radar systems, for $2.9 billion,[16] and Xetron Corporation. In 1997, the defense computer contractor Logicon was added, which had acquired Geodynamics Corporation in March 1996 and Syscon Corporation in February 1995.[17][18]

Northrop was the prime contractor on the radical YF-23 which was one of two candidates for the Advanced Tactical Fighter but would eventually lose to the F-22 Raptor.[19]

Northrop partnered with Lockheed on the F-35 and serves as a principal member of the Lockheed Martin industry led team.[20]

In 1998, a merger between Northrop Grumman and competitor Lockheed Martin was considered but abandoned after resistance from the Department of Defense and Department of Justice.[21] That same year, it acquired Inter-National Research Institute Inc. In 1999, the company acquired Teledyne Ryan, developer of surveillance systems and unmanned aircraft, California Microwave, Inc., and the Data Procurement Corporation.[22][23][24] On March 19, 1999, Northrop Grumman revised its fourth-quarter results to a net loss because of problems related to its dealings with start-up satellite launch company Kistler Aerospace Corp.[25][vague] In 1999, Northrop Grumman and SAIC created AMSEC LLC as a joint venture, which grew "from $100 million in revenue in 2000 to approximately $500 million in fiscal year 2007."[26]

### 2000s

[edit]

Northrop-Grumman DARPA Quiet Supersonic Platform (QSP) 2002 concept for a long-range supersonic cruise aircraft with a less intense sonic boom[27]

In 2000, NG acquired Federal Data Corporation, Navia Aviation As, Comptek Research, Inc., and Sterling Software, Inc.[28]

In 2001, the company acquired Litton Industries, a shipbuilder and defense electronics systems provider for the U.S. Navy.[29] During the acquisition process, a new Delaware holding company, NNG, Inc., was formed, which merged with Northrop Grumman through a one-for-one common shares exchange in April 2001. Both Northrop Grumman and Litton became subsidiaries of the new holding company. The original Northrop Grumman Corporation then changed its name to "Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation"; the holding company, NNG, Inc., changed its name to "Northrop Grumman Corporation". Later that year, Newport News Shipbuilding was added.[30]

On November 1, 2001, Northrop Grumman restated its third-quarter profit after halting work on two ships for American Classic Voyages, which filed for bankruptcy protection.[31]

In 2002, Northrop Grumman acquired TRW Inc.,[32] which had acquired Braddock Dunn & McDonald (BDM) in 1997, and became the Space Technology sector based in Redondo Beach, California, and the Mission Systems sector based in Reston, Virginia, with sole interest in their space systems and laser systems manufacturing.[33] The Aeronautical division was sold to Goodrich, and the automotive divisions were spun off and retained the TRW name.[34]

There were 15 acquisitions from 1994 to 2003.[citation needed]

Northrop Grumman partnered with EADS from the mid-2000s to offer the KC-30 Multi Role Tanker Transport aircraft[35] in the U.S. Air Force's KC-X tanker competition.[36] In February 2008 the U.S. Air Force chose KC-30,[37] but in September 2008 the Defense Department suspended the tanker program and in March 2010, Northrop Grumman announced it was withdrawing from the competition, deeming the revised requirements to be weighted in favor of the Boeing KC-46.[38]

In July 2003, the company received a $48 million contract to train the Iraqi Army.[39]

In August 2005, the United Kingdom paid $1.2 billion in a contract with the company to provide maintenance of its AWACS radar.[40]

In November 2005, the company won a $2 billion contract with Virginia to overhaul most of the state's IT operations.[41]

On January 1, 2006, Northrop Grumman opened its business sector called 'Technical Services'.[42] Northrop Grumman and Boeing collaborated on a design concept for NASA's upcoming Orion spacecraft (previously the Crew Exploration Vehicle), but the contract went to rival Lockheed Martin on August 31, 2006.[43]

In 2006, Northrop Grumman had intended to bid for the U.S. Air Force's Next-Generation Bomber. Though it has not built a large manned aircraft since wrapping up B-2 Spirit production in the 1990s, the company has "been working hard to turn that perception around, with the skills and capabilities that back it up."[44] However, by 2009, the teams working on that project were dispersed, as USAF's focus turned to a long-range strike instead. Northrop Grumman was one of two teams competing for the Long Range Strike Bomber, and in October 2015 won the contract for the Long Range Strike Bomber.[45][46]

On July 20, 2007, Northrop Grumman became the sole owner of Burt Rutan's Scaled Composites.[47]

In 2007, Northrop Grumman created 'National Workforce Centers' as an alternative to offshoring.[48] Locations are Auburn, Alabama; Corsicana, Texas; Fairmont, West Virginia; Helena, Montana; Johnstown, Pennsylvania; and Lebanon, Virginia. The Rapid City, South Dakota location closed in January 2012.[49]

In August 2007, Northrop Grumman acquired Scaled Composites in which it had previously owned a 40% stake.[50]

In June 2008, Northrop Grumman began working with DHS Systems LLC, manufacturer of the Deployable Rapid Assembly Shelter (DRASH) in New York, as part of the U.S. Army's Standard Integrated Command Post System program.[51]

In July 2008, three of four Northrop Grumman employees (Thomas Howes, Marc Gonsalves and Keith Stansell) were freed during Operation Jaque after five years of captivity following their aircraft crash in the Colombian jungle. The fourth employee, Tom Janis, had been killed by the FARC shortly after the crash in 2003.[52]

Rendering of the $8.7B James Webb Space Telescope

In January 2008, Northrop Grumman combined its Newport News and Ship Systems sectors into a new business unit named Northrop Grumman Shipbuilding.[53] On March 31, 2011, this was spun off as Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. (NYSE: HII).[54]

### 2010s

[edit]

In November 2010, NASA selected Northrop Grumman for consideration of potential contract awards for heavy lift launch vehicle system concepts, and propulsion technologies.[55]

From 2013, Northrop Grumman participates in the DARPA Tactically Exploited Reconnaissance Node (TERN) program, and received $2.9 million for Phase 1[56] and $19 million for Phase 2.[57][58][59] The TERN program attempts to launch and recover a UAV from mid-size ships to provide long distance intelligence gathering.[60]

In July 2013, Northrop Grumman won a training-simulation contract potentially worth $490 million to support the U.S. Air Force's next-generation aerial warfare virtual-training network.[61]

In March 2015, the company delivered the first shipset for Australian EA-18G Growler. [62]

In October 2015, the US Military awarded Northrop Grumman the contract for the successor to the B-1 and B-52, subsequently identified as the B-21. The initial value is $21.4 billion, and could eventually be worth up to $80 billion.[63]

In September 2017, Northrop announced the acquision of missile and rocket manufacturer Orbital ATK Inc for $9.2 billion: $7.8 billion in cash plus $1.4 billion in net debt.[64] On November 29, 2017, the acquisition was approved by Orbital ATK stockholders[65] and on June 6, 2018, the merger closed after final FTC approval. The acquired company assets and naming were absorbed and become a division named Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.[66]

In January 2018, Northrop Grumman became the primary contractor for the James Webb Space Telescope.[67][68]

On June 7, 2018, the acquisition of Orbital ATK was completed, and it was absorbed in Northrop Grumman as a new business sector called Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.[69][70]

### 2020s

[edit]

Effective January 1, 2020, the NGIS division was split, with most of the sector merging with other Northrop Grumman businesses into a new Space Systems sector.[71][72]

In June 2020, NASA granted a $935 million contract to Northrop Grumman for the Lunar Gateway Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO) module, based on its Cygnus cargo spacecraft.[73] In July 2022, Northrop subcontracted Solstar to provide the wireless-enabling technology to enable a Wi-Fi access for employees and equipment in the module.[74][75]

In September 2020, Northrop ended development of the OmegA space launch vehicle, intended to carry the U.S. government's national security satellites into space.[76]

In September 2020, Northrop Grumman won a $298 million sole-source contract for the Evolved Strategic Satcom program, an anti-jam communications satellite program intended to replace the Advanced Extremely High Frequency (AEHF) satellite program where Northrop Grumman was a subcontractor to Lockheed Martin.[77][78]

In February 2021, Northrop sold its federal IT and mission support business to Veritas Capital for $3.4 billion in cash. Veritas placed the group into its Peraton subsidiary.[79][80]

The Mars Ascent Propulsion System for Mars sample-return mission Ascent Vehicle contract was awarded to Northrop Grumman on March 5, 2021. For this Northrop Grumman to make a 3–meter long, two-stage, solid-fueled Mars ascent rocket for the Mars Sample Return mission. This mission is to collect Perseverance's samples for return to Earth.[81]

Antares rocket (left); Cygnus spacecraft (right) held by ISS Canadarm2

In August 2022, Northrop Grumman announced it was moving production of the engines and structures for its Antares rockets to the U.S. from Russia and Ukraine. The move of Antares production fully to the U.S. will happen through a partnership with Texas-based Firefly Aerospace. Northrop Grumman had purchased Russian RD-181 engines to power the Antares 230+ series, and the rocket’s main body was manufactured by Ukraine’s Yuzhmash State Enterprise.[50] . The new arrangement mainly resolves the break in Antares manufacturing caused by Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. But in addition to salvaging the Antares rocket series, the cost-sharing deal also helps ensure NASA's cargo missions to the International Space Station keep flying regularly and brings muscle to Firefly's plan to build a larger rocket called Medium Launch Vehicle (MLV).[82] Northrop Grumman and Firefly Aerospace will jointly produce an upgraded version of the Antares rocket, which will be known as the Antares 330. Northrop will provide the A330s upper stage, avionics, software and launch site operations. Firefly will supply seven engines and build the A330s largest structure, the first stage booster. Northrop and Firefly will also jointly develop the MLV.[82]

Northrop Grumman's B-21 Raider is forecasted to be operational as early as 2030.[83]

In October 2023, taxi tests for the B-21 Raider were underway.[84]

On September 15, 2023, Northrop Grumman was sanctioned by the Chinese government due to U.S. arms sales to Taiwan.[85]

In May 2024, Northrop Grumman unveiled the Manta Ray, an underwater drone developed for the Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency (DARPA). The drone, which resembles its namesake sea creature, was designed to carry out long-duration, long-range military missions, including extended loitering on the sea bottom. The development of the Manta Ray posed several technical challenges, including overcoming the corrosive nature of seawater, preventing sea life from interfering with moving components, and operating under conditions where electromagnetic radiation, including sunlight, does not propagate well.[86] The craft uses two four-bladed propellers on the wings to enhance the propulsion provided by its gliding system, which glides forward while moving up and down in the water column by changing its buoyancy.[87] With an emphasis on minimal human oversight, the creation of the Manta Ray represents a significant advancement in unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) technology.[86]

In September 2024, Northrop Grumman won the U.S. Missile Defense Agency (MDA) competition to develop and build the Glide Phase Interceptor (GPI).[88]

## Remotec

[edit]

Remotec, a Tennessee-based subsidiary, is a manufacturer of remote control vehicles for explosive ordnance disposal and hazardous material handling.[89] A UK-based subsidiary, Park Air Systems, provides VHF and UHF ground-to-air communications systems for the civil and defense markets. Northrop Grumman has also worked closely with Antenna Associates, Inc., a manufacturer of Identification friend or foe (IFF)/Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) antennas located in Massachusetts.[90]

## Finances

[edit]

Year  | Revenue
in mil. US$  | Operating income
in mil. US$  | Total assets
in mil. US$  | Employees

|
|
|
|

2014[91] | 23,979  | 3,196  | 26,545  | 64,300
2015[91] | 23,526  | 3,076  | 24,424  | 65,000
2016[91] | 24,508  | 3,193  | 25,614  | 67,000
2017[91] | 25,803  | 3,299  | 34,917  | 70,000
2018[92] | 30,095  | 3,780  | 37,653  | 85,000
2019[93] | 33,841  | 3,969  | 41,089  | 90,000
2020[94] | 36,799  | 4,065  | 44,469  | 97,000
2021[94] | 35,667  | 5,651  | 42,579  | 88,000
2022[95] | 36,602  | 3,601  | 43,755  | 95,000
2023[96] | 39,290  | 2,537  | 46,544  | 101,000
2024[1] | 41,033  | 4,370  | 49,359  | 97,000

## Corporate governance

[edit]

From 1990 to 2003, before the merger with Grumman in 1994, Kent Kresa was the CEO of the company, who led the serial-acquisition strategy with a total of 15 additional acquisitions from 1994 to 2003, including Litton, Logicon, Westinghouse's defense electronics business, Ryan Aeronautical and Newport News Shipbuilding, and TRW. He then retired in 2003 at age 65.

In 2003 Ronald Sugar, the former chief operating officer, took over as CEO.[97] Effective October 1, 2003, Sugar also served as the company chairman of the board.[98]

In January 2010, Wes Bush succeeded as CEO and became company president.[99]

In November 2015, Gloria Flach was named COO. She is the former president of the company's electric services sector.[100]

On July 12, 2018, Wes Bush announced that he would step down as CEO effective January 1, 2019, and would remain chairman of the board until July 2019. His successor is Kathy J. Warden, who has served in numerous roles at the company, most recently president and COO.

### Board of directors

[edit]

As of July 22, 2022:[101]

* Kathy J. Warden, CEO and president of Northrop Grumman
* David Abney, former chairman and CEO of UPS
* Marianne C. Brown, COO of Sungard
* Donald E. Felsinger, former chairman and CEO of Sempra Energy
* Ann M. Fudge, former chairman and CEO of VMLY&R
* William Hernandez, former CFO of PPG
* Madeleine Kleiner, former general counsel of Hilton
* Karl Krapek, former president and COO of United Technologies
* Graham N. Robinson, president of Stanley Industrial, a business segment of Stanley Black & Decker
* Gary Roughead, former Chief of Naval Operations
* Thomas Schoewe, former CFO of Wal-Mart
* Jim Turley, former chairman and CEO of Ernst & Young
* Mark Welsh, former Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force

## Corporate headquarters

[edit]

Since 2011, Northrop Grumman's headquarters are in West Falls Church, Virginia (previously Jefferson), unincorporated Fairfax County, Virginia.[102][103]

Prior to 2010, the company was headquartered in Century City, Los Angeles,[104] but announced plans on January 4, 2010, to move to the Washington Metropolitan Area by 2011[105] to be closer to government customers.[106] CEO Wesley Bush stated that the company needed to be located close to Capitol Hill lawmakers and officials from intelligence and military communities.[107] Northrop Grumman considered sites in Washington, D.C., and in suburbs in Maryland and Virginia.[106] The Los Angeles Business Journal wrote "In a way, the announcement was not a surprise" due to the trend of aerospace companies moving to the DC area, the fact that the new CEO is from West Virginia and that CEOs often move corporate headquarters to places that they want the headquarters located. A Los Angeles area economic development consultant described the move announcement as a "structural failure at all levels for Los Angeles County."[107]

District of Columbia economic development officials were "pitching the city's urban hipness and proximity to Capitol Hill power brokers" to Northrop Grumman. Maryland promoted its highly educated workforce and its large number of federal facilities, while Virginia marketed itself as a state with relatively low taxes.[108]

In July 2010, the company announced its purchase of an existing building in Fairfax County and its move in summer 2011. It planned to consolidate its Century City headquarters and its existing Arlington County, Virginia, offices into the new headquarters. It employed about 40,000 in the Washington DC metropolitan area, including DC and surrounding Maryland and Virginia.[102]

## Accolades and criticism

[edit]

Northrop Grumman was named Forbes's Company of the Year in 2002.[97] Forbes's announcement credited the company with "master[ing] the art of innovation."[109] As of 2019, the company is included on Forbes' list of "America's Best Large Employers".[110]

Since 2005 Northrop Grumman credits itself with sponsoring educational programs[111] and donating thousands of dollars to various charities.[112][113]

Many members of the U.S. government have attended company events and spoken highly of the company and its contributions, for example John McCain.[114] In December 2007, Northrop Grumman Corporation was awarded the Ron Brown Award for Corporate Leadership, the only presidential award recognizing companies for outstanding achievement in employee and community relations.[115]

### Environmental record

[edit]

In 2000, Northrop Grumman was designated a Primary Responsible Party under federal Superfund laws at 13 hazardous waste sites and under state Superfund laws at eight sites.[25] The corporation has also been linked to 52 superfund toxic waste sites.[116] Based on 2008 data, Northrop Grumman was the 62nd-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States, per the Political Economy Research Institute of the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Northrop Grumman facilities released more than 23,798 pounds of toxic chemicals into the air in that year.[117]

In 2002, the Bethpage Community Park in Bethpage, New York, owned by the company until the 1960s, was closed due to soil contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).[118] The company dumped cadmium, arsenic, chromium-tainted sludge, solvents, paints and PCBs at the site between 1949 and 1962.[118] Additionally, two toxic chemical plumes centered under Bethpage Community Park and other surrounding land formerly owned by Grumman or Northrop Grumman have spread to under neighboring houses.[118] In November 2013, the Bethpage Water District filed a multimillion-dollar lawsuit against Northrop Grumman in Federal Court for the Eastern District of New York for contaminating the groundwater in Bethpage.[119][120]

In 2003, the company was among 84 parties with which the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Justice, and the state of New York reached an estimated US$15 million settlement for the rehabilitation of the Mattiace Petrochemical Company Superfund site in Glen Cove, Long Island.[121] In the same year, Northrop Grumman agreed to pay $33,214 after EPA inspectors found hazardous waste violations at the Capistrano test site.[122]

As a response to many of the previous claims, the company has stood up as an organization for social responsibility.[citation needed] In 2008, Northrop Grumman launched its Environmental Sustainability program and an EHS Leadership Council, to advance its commitment to environmental performance both internally and externally. The Greenhouse Gas Inventory Project was launched to accurately quantify company-wide greenhouse gas emissions and to reduce the carbon footprint of Northrop Grumman operations, in anticipation of upcoming regulations.[123]

In October 2010, the company was named one of Computerworld's Top 12 Green-IT Organizations for its large-scale data center migration effort.[124]

In 2019, Northrop Grumman was named the US's largest corporate contributor to water pollution by the Political Economy Research Institute of the University of Massachusetts Amherst.[125]

### Political contributions and governmental ties

[edit]

This section relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this section by adding secondary or tertiary sources. (December 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

From 1990 to 2002, Northrop Grumman contributed $8.5 million to federal campaigns.[126] According to PAC summary data compiled by Source Watch, the company gave US$1,011,260 to federal candidates in the 2005–2006 election cycle, compared to $10,612,837 given by all defense contractors in the same cycle.[127] This donation amount was only behind that of General Dynamics and Lockheed Martin in the defense industry. The majority of the contributions, 63%, went to Republicans.[128] Former Northrop Grumman Electronics Systems chief James G. Roche served as Secretary of the Air Force for two years under George W. Bush. Roche would eventually be nominated to head the Army, but withdrew his nomination among accusations of mismanaging a contract with Boeing and of failing to properly handle the Air Force sexual assault scandals of 2003.[129] According to CorpWatch, "at least seven former officials, consultants, or shareholders of Northrop Grumman" have held posts "in the Bush administration...including Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz, Vice-Presidential Chief of Staff I. Lewis Libby, Pentagon Comptroller Dov S. Zakheim, and Sean O'Keefe, director of NASA." Wolfowitz and Libby have both since left the government amid scandals.[130]

The company engages third-party lobbying firms in jurisdictions where it has interests. For example, in South Australia it works with lobbying firm CMAX Communications.[131]

### Controversies

[edit]

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Northrop was the target of several high-profile criminal and civil cases.[132]

In 1995, Robert Ferro, an employee for TRW Inc., a company Northrop Grumman acquired in 2002, discovered that satellite components manufactured for the U.S. Air Force (USAF) were faulty and likely to fail in operation. TRW suppressed Ferro's report of the problem and hid the information from the USAF, even after a satellite in space equipped with the faulty components experienced serious anomalies. Ferro later sued Northrop Grumman in federal court under the federal whistle-blower law.[133]

In 1999, the company was sued for knowingly giving the Navy defective aircraft. This suit sought $210 million in damages.[134] Ten years later, on April 2, 2009, Northrop Grumman agreed to pay $325 million to settle the suit.[135] Ferro was awarded $48.8 million of the settlement. Northrop Grumman stated, "it believed that TRW had 'acted properly under its contracts' and that the company had substantive defenses against the claims."[136]

In 2001, federal investigators probed NG for fraud of more than $100 million, systematic overcharging for radar jammers and other high-tech devices used in the B-1 bomber, the F-15 fighter and the B-2 Stealth bomber.[137] In 2003, the company was sued for overcharging the U.S. government for space projects in the 1990s.[138] Northrop Grumman paid $111.2 million to settle out of court.[139]

From August 25 to September 2, 2010, Virginia's computer system operated by NG, under a $2.4 billion contract, experienced an outage which resulted in around 45,000 citizens not being able to renew their drivers licenses prior to their expiration. Computer systems for 26 of the state's 89 agencies were affected and Governor Bob McDonnell announced that some data may have been permanently lost.[140][141] In 2010 Northrop Grumman apologized for the outage, and agreed to fund an investigation.

In 2012, controversy began over Northrop Grumman's Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Command System (IBCS), when it missed its first deadline. Since then, the system has had a number of controversial developments.[142] In 2016, a Director, Operational Test and Evaluation found a number of major faults with the system, concluding it was "neither mature nor stable".[143]

Northrop Grumman's supply of weapons to Israel led to protests against the company during the Gaza war, including blocking the entrances at facilities in San Diego and Plymouth, Minnesota.[144][145][146][147] Students on hunger strike at Brown University named Northrop Grumman as a company to divest from.[148]

### International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) violations

[edit]

U.S. State Department investigators found that Litton Industries, a subsidiary acquired by Northrop Grumman in 2000, had provided portions of source code used by guidance and navigation system interfaces aboard Air Force One to a company in Russia in 1998. Northrop Grumman agreed to pay a $15 million fine for 110 violations, occurring between September 1998 and November 1998, of the Arms Export Control Act and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR).[149]

Additionally, documents filed by the State Department state that between 1994 and 2003, Northrop Grumman failed to notify the U.S. State Department about the computer guidance systems also being transferred to Angola, Indonesia, Israel, China, Ukraine and Yemen.[150]

## See also

[edit]

* IMETS
* Northrop Grumman RQ-180 Unmanned Aircraft System
* Top 100 contractors of the U.S. federal government – $30.1 billion in FY2018[92]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h "Northrop Grumman Corporation 2024 Annual Report (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. January 30, 2025.
2. ^ "Top 100 | Defense News, News about defense programs, business, and technology". people.defensenews.com.
3. ^ SIPRI Top 100 Arms-Producing and Military Services Companies SIPRI. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
4. ^ "Northrop Grumman Rises 10 Spots on DiversityInc's 2011 Top 50 Companies for Diversity List (NYSE:NOC)". Irconnect.com. March 10, 2011. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
5. ^ "Northrop Grumman". Fortune.
6. ^ Parker 2013, pp. 93–94.
7. ^ a b Society, American Astronautical (2010). Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 501\. ISBN 978-1-85109-519-3.
8. ^ a b "Our Heritage". Archived from the original on February 23, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
9. ^ Parker 2013, pp. 25, 93.
10. ^ Sweetman, Bill (1999). Inside the Stealth Bomber. Osceola, Wi, USA: MBI Publishing Company. pp. 19–33\. ISBN 0-7603-0627-3.
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### Bibliography

[edit]

* Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II. Cypress, California: Dana T. Parker Books, 2013. ISBN 978-0-9897906-0-4.

### Further reading

[edit]

* Interview with Northrop Grumman CEO, February 12, 2006. via FlightGlobal

## External links

[edit]

External videos

"Manta Ray, Making Waves in Autonomy", Northrop Grumman video

* Media related to Northrop Grumman at Wikimedia Commons
* Official website
* Business data for Northrop Grumman:

* Google
* Reuters
* SEC filings
* Yahoo!

* Northrop Grumman Corporation – recipient profile on USAspending.gov
* "Patents owned by Northrop Grumman". US Patent & Trademark Office. Retrieved December 6, 2005.

* v
* t
* e

Northrop Grumman

Subsidiaries|

* Scaled Composites

Products|

* ADM-160 MALD
* AGM-88E AARGM
* AGM-88G AARGM-ER
* Antares (rocket)
* AN/AAQ-37
* AN/ALQ-153
* AN/APG-77
* AN/APG-78 Longbow
* AN/APG-80
* AN/APG-81
* AN/APG-83
* AN/APG-85
* AN/APY-2
* AN/SPQ-9B
* AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radar
* AN/TPS-80 Ground/Air Task Oriented Radar
* AN/ZPY-1
* Battlefield Airborne Communications Node
* Cygnus (spacecraft)
* Eclipse (rocket)
* Ground Based Strategic Deterrent
* IMETS
* James Webb Space Telescope
* MESA radar
* Mission Extension Vehicle
* Northrop BQM-74 Chukar
* Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit
* Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider
* Northrop Grumman E-2 Hawkeye
* Northrop Grumman E-8 Joint STARS
* Northrop Grumman EA-6B Prowler
* Northrop Grumman MQ-4C Triton
* Northrop Grumman MQ-8 Fire Scout
* Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk
* Nautilus Deep Space Observatory
* Northrop Grumman Guardian
* OmegA

Antecedents &
former assets|

* Grumman
* Litton Industries
* Northrop Corporation
* Los Angeles Assembly
* Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems
* Sperry Marine Northrop Grumman
* Northrop Grumman Ship Systems
* Ingalls Shipbuilding
* Newport News Shipbuilding
* The Apprentice School
* Orbital ATK
* Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems
* Ryan Aeronautical
* Xetron

People|

* Jack Northrop
* Leroy Grumman
* Wesley G. Bush
* Burt Rutan
* T. Claude Ryan
* Kathy J. Warden

Links to related articles

* v
* t
* e

Grumman and Northrop Grumman aircraft

Manufacturer
designations|

* G-1 (floats only)
* G-2 (floats only)
* G-3
* G-4
* G-5
* G-6
* G-7
* G-8
* G-9
* G-10
* G-11
* G-12
* G-13
* G-14
* G-15
* G-16
* G-17
* G-18
* G-19
* G-20
* G-21
* G-22
* G-23
* G-24
* G-25
* G-26
* G-27
* G-29
* G-30
* G-31
* G-32
* G-33
* G-34
* G-35
* G-36
* G-37
* G-38
* G-39
* G-40
* G-41
* G-42
* G-43
* G-44
* G-45
* G-46
* G-47
* G-48
* G-49
* G-50
* G-51
* G-52
* G-53
* G-54
* G-55
* G-56
* G-57
* G-58
* G-59
* G-60
* G-61
* G-62
* G-63
* G-64
* G-65
* G-66
* G-67
* G-68
* G-69
* G-70
* G-71
* G-72
* G-73
* G-74
* G-75
* G-76
* G-77
* G-78
* G-79
* G-80
* G-81
* G-82
* G-83
* G-84
* G-85
* G-86
* G-87
* G-88
* G-89
* G-90
* G-91
* G-92
* G-93
* G-94
* G-95
* G-96
* G-97
* G-98
* J
* G-99
* G-100
* G-101
* G-102
* G-103
* G-104
* G-105
* G-106
* G-107
* G-108
* G-109
* G-110
* G-111
* G-112
* G-113
* G-114
* G-115
* G-116
* G-117
* G-118
* G-119
* G-120
* G-121
* G-122
* G-123
* G-124
* G-125
* G-126
* G-127
* G-128
* G-129
* G-130
* G-132
* G-134
* G-137
* G-142
* G-143
* G-154
* G-159
* G-164
* G-165
* G-170
* G-191
* G-211
* G-214
* G-215 (I)
* G-215 (II)
* G-226
* G-231
* G-234
* G-235
* G-242
* G-244
* G-251
* G-262
* G-270
* G-273
* G-279
* G-283
* G-288
* G-296
* G-300
* G-303
* G-305
* G-306
* G-310
* G-315
* G-327
* G-333
* G-340
* G-341
* G-342
* G-344
* G-356
* G-359
* G-371
* G-376
* G-378
* G-391
* G-399
* G-413
* G-426
* G-429
* G-431
* G-436
* G-450
* G-467
* G-484
* G-486
* G-487
* G-511
* G-516
* G-518
* G-532
* G-550
* G-607
* G-612
* G-613
* G-618
* G-623
* G-636
* G-674
* G-680
* F
* P
* G-698
* G-704
* G-711
* G-712
* G-723
* G-728
* G-730
* G-744
* G-754
* G-755
* G-870
* G-1128
* G-1159
* Model 400

By role|

| Fighters|

* FF
* F2F
* F3F
* F4F
* XF5F
* XP-50
* F6F
* XP-65
* F7F
* F8F
* F9F
* -1 to -5
* -6 to -8
* F-9
* XF10F
* F11F/F-11
* F11F-1F
* G-118
* F-111B
* F-14
* NATF-23

|

Bombers|

* B-2
* B-21

Attack/Patrol|

* TBF
* XTSF
* TB2F
* AF
* S-2
* A-6

Recon/Scouts|

* SF
* XSBF
* E-1
* OV-1
* EA-6
* E-2

Utility/Transports|

* UC-103
* JF
* J2F
* OA-12
* JRF
* J3F
* OA-9
* OA-13
* OA-14/J4F
* U-16/JR2F/UF
* C-1
* C-2

Civil aircraft|

* Mallard
* Ag Cat
* Kitten
* Tadpole
* Gulfstream I
* Gulfstream II

Others|

* Apollo Lunar Module
* E-8
* E-10
* EF-111
* Q-4/C
* Q-8/C
* Q-180
* X-29
* X-47A
* X-47B
* Bat
* Firebird
* Switchblade

By name|

* Ag Cat
* Albatross
* Avenger
* Bat
* Bearcat
* Cougar
* Duck
* Fifi
* Firebird
* Fire Scout
* Global Hawk
* Goose
* Greyhound
* Guardian
* Gulfhawk III
* Gulfstream I
* Gulfstream II
* Hawkeye
* Hellcat
* Intruder
* Jaguar
* Joint STARS
* Kitten
* Mallard
* Mohawk
* Panther
* Pegasus
* Prowler
* Raider
* Skyrocket
* Spirit
* Super Tiger
* Switchblade
* Tadpole
* Tiger
* Tigercat
* Tomcat
* Tracer
* Tracker
* Trader
* Triton
* Wildcat
* Widgeon

People|

* Leroy Grumman
* Jake Swirbul

* v
* t
* e

TRW Inc.

Subsidiaries|

* Lucas Industries
* LucasVarity
* TRW Automotive
* TRW Vidar

Products|

* Chandra X-ray Observatory
* Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
* Descent propulsion system
* Functional flow block diagram

* High Energy Astronomy Observatory Program
* High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1
* High Energy Astronomy Observatory 2 [Einstein Observatory]
* High Energy Astronomy Observatory 3
* N2 chart
* Pioneer 1
* Pioneer 10
* Pioneer 11
* TR-201
* TRW Low Maintenance Rifle

People|

* Simon Ramo
* Dean Wooldridge

Related articles|

* Astrolink
* The Aerospace Corporation
* Goodrich Corporation
* Northrop Grumman

* v
* t
* e

DJSI World companies

Americas|

* Abbott Laboratories
* AbbVie
* Adobe
* Agilent Technologies
* Alphabet
* American Airlines Group
* Autodesk
* Banco Bradesco
* Banco do Brasil
* Bancolombia
* Biogen
* Canadian National
* CPKC
* Cisco
* Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais - CEMIG
* Cummins
* CVS Health Corporation
* DaVita
* Dow
* eBay
* Ecolab
* Edwards Lifesciences Corporation
* Elevance Health
* Palabella
* Fortinet
* General Mills
* Gilead Sciences
* Grupo Argos
* Grupo Sura
* Grupo Nutresa
* Healthpeak Properties
* Hess Corporation
* Hilton Worldwide
* Host Hotels & Resorts
* HP
* Illumina, Inc.
* Ingersoll Rand
* Itaú Unibanco
* Itaúsa
* Jacobs Solutions
* Kinross Gold Corporation
* Klabin
* Las Vegas Sands
* Lockheed Martin
* Lojas Renner
* Medtronic
* Microsoft
* Mondelez International
* Moody's Corporation
* Newmont
* Northrop Grumman
* Oshkosh Corporation
* Owens Corning
* Philip Morris International
* Prologis
* Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
* Republic Services
* Rumo Logística
* S&P Global
* Salesforce
* ServiceNow
* Snap Inc
* Sociedad Química y Minera
* Spirit AeroSystems
* Teck Resources
* The Cigna Group
* Gap Inc.
* The Williams Companies
* Union Pacific Corporation
* UnitedHealth Group
* Waste Management, Inc.
* Whirlpool Corporation

Europe|

* Aberdeen Group
* Acciona
* AENA
* Allianz
* Alstom
* Amadeus IT Group
* Anglo American plc
* Arkema
* ASML Holding
* ASR Nederland
* Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A.
* Aviva
* Axa
* Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria
* Banco Santander
* Bankinter
* Billerud
* bioMérieux
* BNP Paribas SA
* Bureau Veritas
* CaixaBank
* Carrefour SA
* Castellum
* CNH Industrial
* Coca-Cola HBC
* Covivio
* Dassault Systèmes
* Deutsche Börse
* Deutsche Post
* Deutsche Telekom
* Diageo
* EDP Group
* Enagás
* Endesa
* Enel SpA
* Engie
* EQT
* Exxaro
* Ferrovial
* Galp Energia
* GEA Group
* Gold Fields
* Grifols
* GSK
* H&M
* Hera Group
* Hochtief
* Hugo Boss
* Iberdrola
* Indra Sistemas
* Inditex
* Infineon Technologies
* Informa
* International Distributions Services
* Intesa Sanpaolo
* Italgas
* Iveco
* Kering
* Kesko Oyj
* Ahold Delhaize
* Landsec
* Lanxess
* Leonardo (company)
* Linde
* Merlin Properties
* Metro
* Moncler
* Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft
* Neste Oyj
* Nexi
* NN Group
* OMV Aktiengesellschaft
* Partners Group
* Pearson
* Pirelli
* Poste Italiane
* PostNL
* Prysmian
* Publicis Groupe
* Randstad NV
* Reckitt Benckiser Group
* Red Eléctrica Corporación
* Relx
* Rexel
* Roche
* Rolls-Royce Holdings
* Saipem
* Sanofi
* SAP
* Schneider Electric
* SGS
* Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
* Signify
* Snam
* Sodexo
* Sonova
* STMicroelectronics
* Storebrand
* Temenos AG
* Terna Group
* TF1
* TotalEnergies
* Trane Technologies
* UBS Group
* United Utilities
* UPM-Kymmene Oyj
* Valmet Oyj
* Veolia
* Vestas Wind Systems
* Viaplay Group
* Warehouses De Pauw
* Wendel
* WH Smith
* Worldline SA

Asia Pacific|

* Advanced Info Service
* Advantech Co
* Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited
* Ajinomoto Co., Inc.
* ANA Holdings
* ANZ Bank
* ASE Group
* Bangkok Dusit Medical Services
* Brambles Limited
* Bridgestone
* CapitaLand
* Cathay United Bank
* Central Pattana
* Central Retail Corporation
* Chailease Holding Company
* Chang Hwa Bank
* KGI Financial Holding
* Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.
* Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd.
* CP All
* CTBC Financial Holding
* Delta Electronics (Thailand) Public Company Limited
* Delta Electronics, Inc.
* Dentsu
* Dexus
* Doosan Enerbility
* Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited
* E Ink
* E.SUN Commercial Bank
* Far EasTone
* First Financial
* Fortescue (company)
* Fubon Financial Holding Co., Ltd.
* Fujitsu
* GPT Group
* Hana Financial Group Inc.
* Hindalco Industries
* Honda
* Hyundai Engineering & Construction
* Hyundai Glovis
* Hyundai Mobis
* Hyundai Motor Company
* Hyundai Steel
* Indorama Ventures Public Company Limited
* InnoLux Corporation
* ITOCHU Corporation
* JD.com
* JSW Steel
* Kakao Corp.
* Kanzhun Limited
* Kasikornbank
* KB Financial Group
* Keppel Corporation Limited
* Kia Corporation
* Komatsu Limited
* LG Electronics
* LG Household & Health Care
* Link Real Estate Investment Trust
* Lite-On
* Lixil Group
* LY Corporation
* Mahindra & Mahindra Limited
* Marui
* Mega International Commercial Bank
* Meiji Holdings
* Mirae Asset Securities
* Mitsubishi Chemical Group
* Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
* Mitsui & Co
* Nabtesco Corporation
* Nanya Technology Corporation
* National Australia Bank Limited
* Nikon Corporation
* Nippon Prologis
* Nissin Foods
* Nomura Holdings
* Nomura Research Institute
* NTT Data
* Olympus Corporation
* OMRON Corporation
* Ono Pharmaceutical
* Petronas
* President Chain Store Corporation
* PTT Exploration and Production
* PTT Global Chemical
* PTT Public Company
* Ricoh
* Samsung Biologics
* Samsung C&T Corporation
* Samsung Electro-Mechanics
* Samsung SDI
* Samsung Securities
* Sands China
* Siam Commercial Bank
* Sekisui Chemical
* Sekisui House
* Seven & I Holdings
* Shin Kong Group
* Shinhan Financial Group
* Shiseido
* Siam Cement Group
* Bank SinoPac
* SK Inc.
* SK Telecom
* SoftBank Corporation
* S-Oil
* Sojitz Corporation
* Stockland
* Sumitomo Forestry
* Swire Properties
* Sysmex Corporation
* Taishin Financial Holdings
* Taiwan Cooperative Bank
* Taiwan Mobile
* Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
* Tech Mahindra
* Tencent Holdings
* ThaiBev
* Shanghai Commercial and Savings Bank
* Toppan
* Toto
* Transurban
* United Microelectronics Corporation
* UPL Limited
* Vanguard International Semiconductor Corporation
* Vedanta Limited
* Vicinity Centres
* Wilmar International
* WIN Semiconductors
* Woodside Energy
* WuXi AppTec
* WuXi Biologics
* Yokogawa Electric Corporation
* Yuanta Securities
* Yum China Holdings

Portals:

* Virginia
* Los Angeles
* Companies
* Aviation

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF
* FAST
* WorldCat

National|

* Germany
* United States

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