Nur, Poland

Village in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland

Nur

Village

Church of Saint John the Apostle

Nur

Coordinates: 52°40′N 22°18′E﻿ / ﻿52.667°N 22.300°E﻿ / 52.667; 22.300
Country|  Poland
Voivodeship| Masovian
County| Ostrów Mazowiecka
Gmina| Nur
Population

• Total| 760
Time zone| UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)| UTC+2 (CEST)
Vehicle registration| WOR
Website| http://www.gminanur.pl

Nur [nur] is a village in Ostrów Mazowiecka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Nur.[1] It lies approximately 31 kilometres (19 mi) south-east of Ostrów Mazowiecka and 102 km (63 mi) north-east of Warsaw.

In 2006, the village had a population of 760.

## History

[edit]

Nur has a long and rich history. In the Kingdom of Poland, it was one of main administrative centers of the province of Mazovia, and the seat of a separate administrative district (ziemia). In the early Middle Ages, Nur was a trade center, with a Roman Catholic parish established here probably in the 12th century.

Nur received its town charter either in 1410, or 1425. A local vogt was established, with town council. Until 1526, Nur was part of the Duchy of Mazovia, which was a Polish vassal. After annexation of Mazovia into Poland, and creation of Masovian Voivodeship, the Land of Nur consisted of three counties: Kamieniec Mazowiecki, Ostrów Mazowiecka, and Nur, which also was the seat of a starosta, Sejmik, and land court for the three counties.

The Land of Nur had been established in 1377, during a meeting of Mazovian dukes in Sochaczew. Its total area was 3,500 km2 (1,400 sq mi): Kamieniec Castellany, later renamed into Kamieniec County, had the area of 2,000 km2 (770 sq mi), Nur County 1,000 km2 (390 sq mi), and Ostrów County 500 km2 (190 sq mi). Boundaries of the Land of Nur remained unchanged for over 400 years, until the Partitions of Poland.

In the 16th century, during the Polish Golden Age, Nur prospered. The town had 263 houses, a number of craftsmen and merchants, a brewery, a folwark, eight watermills and four fairs a year. Due to its convenient location along the Bug river waterway, Nur was an important trade center, with goods sent along the Bug and the Vistula to the Baltic Sea port of Gdańsk.

In December 1640, King Władysław IV Vasa announced that the sejmiks be moved from Nur to Ostrów Mazowiecka, but in 1647, the Sejm in Warsaw decided to move them back to Nur. In 1648, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, the Land of Nur equipped 100 cavalrymen, sending them south to fight the enemy.

The Swedish invasion of Poland (1655–1660) was a disaster for the town. It was completely destroyed, and has never regained its prominence. The parish church was not rebuilt until 1693, and by 1777, the number of houses was only 63. The last starosta of Nur, Karol Wodzyński, participated in Kościuszko Uprising (1794).

Since 1815, Nur belonged to Russian-controlled Congress Poland. In 1827, its population was 514, with 75 houses. The town continued its decline: in 1853, the church was dismantled, and replaced with a wooden chapel. By 1860, the population grew to 813, including 299 Jews. In 1869, following January Uprising, Nur lost its town charter. Following World War I, Poland regained independence and control of Nur.

During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), on 4 August 1944, German troops committed a massacre of some 120 Poles, and even animals were killed (see also Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).[2]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
2. ^ Bartniczak, Mieczysław (1974). "Eksterminacja ludności w powiecie Ostrów Mazowiecka w latach okupacji hitlerowskiej (1939–1944)". Rocznik Mazowiecki (in Polish). No. 5\. p. 205.

## External links

[edit]

* Jewish Community in Nur on Virtual Shtetl
* Rental of Canoes in Nur

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nur, Poland.

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* t
* e

Gmina Nur

Seat|

* Nur

Other villages|

* Bochna
* Cempora
* Godlewo Mierniki
* Godlewo Milewek
* Godlewo Warsze
* Godlewo Wielkie
* Kałęczyn
* Kamianka
* Kossaki
* Kramkowo Lipskie
* Łęg Nurski
* Murawskie Nadbużne
* Myślibory
* Nur-Kolonia Wschodnia
* Obryte
* Ołowskie
* Ołtarze Gołacze
* Ślepowrony
* Strękowo
* Strękowo-Nieczykowskie
* Zakrzewo Słomy
* Zaszków
* Zaszków Kolonia
* Żebry Kolonia
* Żebry-Laskowiec
* Zuzela

* v
* t
* e

Massacres of ethnic Poles in World War II

Present-day Poland|

* Albertów
* Apolonka
* Bagatele
* Balczewo
* Baligród
* Balin
* Barbarka
* Bądków
* Bełżec
* Białochowo
* Brzezinki
* Bukowiec
* Buszkowo
* Bydgoszcz
* Bytyń
* Cegłów
* Celiny
* Chełm
* Chojnice (Pola Igielskie)
* Cielętniki
* Ciepielów
* Cieszanów
* Cisna
* Czaszyn
* Częstochowa
* Dalki
* Dąbrówka Mała
* Dębienko
* Dopiewiec
* Drewnowo-Gołyń
* Dudyńce
* Firlej
* Gdańsk
* Giełczyn
* Gniazdowo
* Gniewkowo
* Gostyń
* Górka Klasztorna
* Góry Wysokie
* Grudziądz (Księże Góry)
* Grupa
* Gruszka
* Guźnia
* Henryków
* Husynne
* Jabłoń-Dobki
* Jankowice
* Jankowo Dolne
* Janówka
* Jasionowo
* Jastrzębie
* Jaworze Dolne
* Jeziorko
* Kabaty
* Kaliłów
* Kaliska
* Karczew
* Karnkowo
* Karolewo
* Katowice
* Kitów
* Klamry
* Klimontów
* Kłecko
* Kobylniki
* Kosówka
* Kościelec
* Kowalewice
* Koźle
* Krasowo-Częstki
* Kraków
* Kruszyna
* Krzepice
* Kurzebiela
* Las Szpęgawski
* Leszno
* Lipniak-Majorat
* Liszki
* Longinówka
* Lublin
* Lubzina
* Lućmierz-Las
* Luszkówko
* Łaszczów
* Łąck
* Łobżenica
* Łopatki
* Łukowo
* Łysa Góra
* Majdan Nowy
* Majdan Stary
* Majdan Wielki
* Małaszek
* Małe Czyste
* Małusy Wielkie
* Marchwacz
* Mestwinowo
* Mędzisko
* Michniów
* Mień
* Mniszek
* Morzewo
* Moskwin
* Mszadla
* Muczne
* Mysłów
* Nawra
* Nieławice
* Niewolno
* Nowosiółki
* Nowy Bidaczów
* Nur
* Obora
* Odolion
* Olszewo
* Orło
* Ościsłowo
* Otorowo
* Palmiry
* Parma
* Parzymiechy
* Paterek
* Paulinów
* Piaśnica
* Pińczata
* Pińczyce
* Piotrowice
* Pławno
* Płutowo
* Pniewo, Pułtusk County
* Pniewo, Podlaskie Voivodeship
* Podgaje
* Podlesie Kościelne
* Poznań
* Prudziszki
* Przyszowice
* Radomice
* Radzim
* Retki
* Rudzki Most
* Rury Jezuickie
* Rusinowo
* Rypin
* Rzuchów
* Sadki
* Sadówka
* Serock
* Sieklówka
* Sikory-Tomkowięta
* Skarszewy
* Skłoby
* Skrwilno
* Słopnice
* Sochy
* Solec Kujawski
* Stara Ruda
* Stare Rogowo
* Stary Ciepielów and Rekówka
* Sulejówek
* Szarajówka
* Szczucin
* Szymankowo
* Śladów
* Świekatowo
* Święta Anna
* Torzeniec
* Tryszczyn
* Tucznawa
* Wanaty
* Warsaw
* Bracka
* Dzika
* Marszałkowska
* Mokotów
* Mokotów prison
* Ochota
* Rakowiecka
* Wola
* Wawer
* Wiązownica
* Wieluń
* Wieniec-Zdrój
* Winiary
* Wnory-Wandy
* Wola Łącka
* Wylazłów
* Wyry
* Wyszanów
* Zajączek
* Zakroczym
* Zalesie Dolne
* Zambrów
* Zawady Małe
* Zbrudzewo
* Zdziechowa
* Zgoń
* Zimnowoda

Pre-war Polish Volhynia
(Wołyń Voivodeship,
present-day Ukraine)|

* Bitków
* Bortnica
* Budy Ossowskie
* Chrynów
* Dominopol
* Dubno
* Gaj
* Głęboczyca
* Gurów
* Hurby
* Janowa Dolina
* Kisielin
* Kisorycze
* Łuck
* Ostrówki
* Parośla I
* Poryck
* Wola Ostrowiecka
* Wiśniowiec
* Zagaje
* Żeniówka

Pre-war Polish Eastern Galicia
(Stanisławów, Tarnopol
and eastern Lwów Voivodeships,
present-day Ukraine)|

* Adamy
* Barszczowice
* Berezne
* Berezowica Mała
* Bruckenthal
* Brzeżany
* Budki Borowskie
* Chodaczków Wielki
* Czortków
* Czarny Las
* Demianów Łaz
* Dołha Wojniłowska
* Huta Oleska
* Huta Pieniacka
* Katerburg
* Korosciatyń
* Lwów
* NKVD prisoner massacre
* Professors
* Palikrowy
* Podkamień
* Sambor
* Urycz
* Złoczów

Polish self-defence centres in Volhynia|

* Huta Stepańska
* Kurdybań Warkowicki
* Kuty (in Volhynia)
* Pańska Dolina
* Przebraże
* Stara Huta

Remainder of present-day Ukraine|

* Ukrainian Katyn List
* Bykivnia
* Kharkiv
* Piatykhatky
* Starobilsk
* Vinnytsia

Pre-war Polish Nowogródek, Polesie
and eastern parts of Wilno and Białystok
Voivodeships (present-day Belarus)|

* Berezwecz
* Brzostowica Mała
* Mokrany
* Naliboki
* Naumowicze
* Nowogródek
* Wilejka
* Wołożyn

Remainder of present-day Belarus|

* Belarusian Katyn List
* Chervyen
* Kurapaty

Wilno Region Proper
in the pre-war Polish Wilno Voivodeship
(present-day Lithuania)|

* Glinciszki
* Koniuchy
* Ponary
* Święciany
* Wilno (Łukiszki)

Present-day Russia|

* Katyń
* Kozelsk
* Katyn
* Kalinin
* Mednoye
* Ostashkov
* Palmnicken (present-day Yantarny)

Present-day Germany|

* Arnsberg Forest
* Gardelegen
* Horka
* Poppenhausen

Related articles|

* Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)
* Nazi German crimes against the Polish nation
* Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz
* Unternehmen Tannenberg
* Prisoner-of-war massacres
* Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen
* Intelligenzaktion
* Intelligenzaktion Pommern
* Sonderaktion Krakau
* AB-Aktion
* Aktion T4
* Persecution of the Catholic Church
* Pacification actions
* Destruction of Warsaw
* Kidnapping of children
* Lebensborn
* Expulsion of Poles
* Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany
* Action Saybusch
* Ethnic cleansing of Zamojszczyzna
* Polish decrees
* Forced labour
* Human experimentation
* Concentration camps
* Soviet repressions of Polish citizens (1939–1946)
* NKVD prisoner massacres
* Katyn massacre
* Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
* Volhynian Bloody Sunday
* National Day of Remembrance
* World War II casualties of Poland

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