Office of the Quartet

The Office of the Quartet (OQ) was established in East Jerusalem in 2002 by the Quartet on the Middle East, consisting of the United Nations, the European Union, the United States and Russia, with a mandate to help mediate Middle East peace negotiations while supporting Palestinian economic development and institution building.

## History

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Between 2007-2015, the Office was known as the Office of the Quartet Representative and at the time was established to support Tony Blair, the former prime minister of the United Kingdom.

On April 24, 2014, at a State Department event, Secretary of State John Kerry and then Quartet Representative Tony Blair appointed De Boer Head of Mission with a specific mandate to implement the Initiative of the Palestinian Economy.[1] De Boer has given several interviews about his role, including one with the YPO, in which he said the two-state solution is the only viable solution. In an interview with CNBC, he talked about Office of the Quartet's role in economic development, and said the Office and a new, related nonprofit deal catalyst, Shurook, want to find $1 billion in outside investment for the Palestinian economy. The Office works with the Palestinian and Israeli governments to create pro-investment policies and win permissions for specific projects, he said. "We do the pre-development work before an investor feels comfortable that they can make an investment," he said.[2]

In June 2015, Tony Blair resigned as Quartet Representative.[3] Following Blair's resignation, the position of Quartet Representative was not replaced and the Office of the Quartet Representative transitioned into what is now the Office of the Quartet. The Office now reports to the Quartet Members with a mandate to increase Palestinian economic and institutional development and empowerment to support achieving a two-state solution.

## Strategic Principles

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The OQ works in the major areas of energy, water, rule of law, movement and trade and telecommunication as well as economic mapping. The OQ is committed in engaging and keeping with the following strategic principles:[4][5]

1\. To play a catalytic role in working towards sectoral solutions while partnering with other actors and taking on direct responsibility for specific elements of those solutions (when the office is well positioned and requested to do so). Particular attention is paid to policies and projects that have a multiplier effect i.e. with an outcome that extends beyond the narrow output of the policy or project;

2\. To focus on implementation of agreements reached and announcements made by the parties, to ensure that they are translated as quickly as possible into results that have a positive impact in people's lives;

3\. To bridge between the parties and providing creative solutions that enable progress on the ground;

4\. To maintain the vertical depth of its work from the most granular, technical level to the strategic and political level while engaging the broad array of actors required to make progress, including the parties, members of the international community and others;

5\. To ensure complementarity of its work with that of other key actors, including those which also play a convening role.

## Funding

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The Office has been funded by contributions, including from the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the European Union, the United States, Japan, Canada and New Zealand.

## Current Focus Areas

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Energy Sector [6]: developing and supporting initiatives, policies and projects that address the full generation-transmission-distribution cycle and that contribute to establishing a unified and economically viable sector. This holistic approach incorporates the following mutually re-enforcing sub-objectives:

1. Increasing and diversifying the generation and supply of energy
2. Enabling infrastructure
3. Supporting commercial viability[7]

Water Sector[8]: the OQ supports the address of essential civilian needs, the mitigation of environmental challenges, the enabling of economic development while contributing to a fully functioning sector. Through its holistic approach, the OQ works with the parties and the international community in advancing the development of the water and the wastewater sectors, by focusing its attention on three interdependent elements:

1. Securing a reliable water supply[9]
2. Enhancing water and wastewater infrastructure[10]
3. Ensuring the commercial and financial viability of the water sector

Rule of Law Sector [11]: As part of its mandate, the OQ aims to 'address Palestinian institutional governance needs focusing as a matter of urgency on the rule of law.’ For this, the rule of law team works closely with the parties and relevant stakeholders, bridging between them as appropriate, while pursuing the office's holistic and integrated approach through its focus in three mutually reinforcing objectives:

1. Strengthening the security sector
2. Strengthening the justice sector
3. Enhancing fiscal and financial stability

Movement and Trade Sector:[12] In its work, the OQ supports the sustainability of the Palestinian economy by enhancing trade and movement of people. By its partnership with relevant parties, the Movement and Trade team currently focuses on three main work streams as set out below:

1. Expanding access of Palestinian Products to New Markets
2. Improving the Traveler and Trading Experience at Allenby/King Hussein Bridge (A/KHB)
3. Trade Facilitation to Reduce Transportation Costs[13]

Telecommunication Sector [14]: The OQ's work in this sector engages with the parties[15] and the relevant stakeholders by supporting the deployment of advanced mobile communications services such as 4G/5G in the West Bank and 3G/4G services in Gaza [16] thus focusing its work on supporting to address three main challenges:

1. To improve access to the radio spectrum
2. To facilitate import of equipment and
3. To enable the entry of materials and construction of infrastructure.

Economic Mapping [17]: The OQ, in close collaboration with the Palestinian Authority, the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, and relevant ministries, is building an interactive web-based economic map of the West Bank and Gaza. The mapping tool [18] is intended to visualize critical data relevant to economic, geographic, social, security, and legal spheres. The purpose of the web-based tool is to empower Palestinian government agencies and institutions as well as the private sector, nongovernmental and international organizations with online datasets, maps, visuals, dashboards, and analytics to support informed policy-making and business decisions to support further strategic economic development.

## The Office Heads of Mission

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* Robert Danin: April 2008 – August 2010.
* Gary Grappo: September 2010 – November 2011.
* Firas Ra'ad: June 2012 – December 2013.
* Kito de Boer: January 2015 – June 2017.
* John N. Clarke: July 2017 – present.

## References

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1. ^ Clark, Simon (24 April 2014). "McKinsey Director Named to Promote Investment in Palestinian Economy". Wall Street Journal.
2. ^ Bojesen, Louisa (Oct 26, 2016). "CNBC Conversation". CNBC. Retrieved Nov 3, 2016.
3. ^ Packard, Jim, and John Reed (27 May 2015). "Tony Blair to step down as Middle East envoy next month". The Financial Times.`{{cite news}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
4. ^ "Refer to the OQ Strategy report".
5. ^ "Refer to the latest Ad-Hoc Liaison Committee report".
6. ^ "The Office of the Quartet, Energy".
7. ^ "Launch: World Bank report "Securing Energy for Development in West Bank and Gaza"".
8. ^ "The Office of the Quartet, Water".
9. ^ "Hope for Gaza: EU creates broad international coalition to provide drinking water to 2 million people in Gaza".
10. ^ "انطلاق المحطة الجديدة لمعالجة المياه العادمة في غزة (Launch of the new wastewater treatment plant in Gaza)".
11. ^ "Rule of Law".
12. ^ "The Office of the Quartet, Movement and Trade".
13. ^ "Door to Door Announced as an Official Procedure".
14. ^ "The Office of the Quartet, Telecommunication".
15. ^ "وزير الاتصالات يستقبل وفداً من الرباعية الدولية (Minister of Communications receives a delegation from the Quartet)". 25 October 2017.
16. ^ "US Special Representative Greenblatt Lauds 3G Deal".
17. ^ "The Office of the Quartet, Economic Mapping".
18. ^ "Mapping the Palestinian Economy".