Ohio Supreme Court elections

American elections

See also: List of justices of the Ohio Supreme Court

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (January 2024)

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The U.S. state of Ohio has a Supreme Court of seven members, who are elected for six-year terms.

## Chief Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court

[edit]

Six-year term beginning Jan. 1: 1945, 1951, 1957, 1963, 1969, 1975, 1981, 1987, 1993, 1999, 2005, etc.
Elections scheduled: 1944, 1950, 1956, 1962, 1968, 1974, 1980, 1986, 1992, 1998, 2004, etc. (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

2016[1] |  | Maureen O'Connor : 3,562,413 |
2010[2] | Eric Brown : 1,070,690 | Maureen O'Connor : 2,232,724 |
2004 | C. Ellen Connally:2,017,602 | Thomas J. Moyer: 2,309,107 |
1998 | Gary Tyack | Thomas J. Moyer |
1992 | Robert H. Gorman | Thomas J. Moyer |
1986 | Frank D. Celebrezze | Thomas J. Moyer |
1980 | Frank D. Celebrezze | Sara J. Harper |
1978 s | Frank D. Celebrezze | Thomas M. Herbert |
1974 | Joseph E. O'Neill | C. William O'Neill |
1970 s | William C. Bryant | C. William O'Neill |
1968 | John C. Duffy | Kingsley A. Taft |
1962 | Carl V. Weygandt | Kingsley A. Taft |
1956 | Carl V. Weygandt | Willard D. Campbell |
1950 | Carl V. Weygandt | Francis B. Douglass |
1944 | Carl V. Weygandt | Walter B. Wanamaker |
1932 | Carl V. Weygandt | Carrington T. Marshall |
1920 | Hugh L. Nichols | Carrington T. Marshall |

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Justice (1)

[edit]

Six-year term beginning Jan. 1: 1945, 1951, 1957, 1963, 1969, 1975, 1981, 1987, 1993, 1999, 2005, etc.
Elections scheduled: 1944, 1950, 1956, 1962, 1968, 1974, 1980, 1986, 1992, 1998, 2004, etc. (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

2016[1] | John P. O'Donnell : 2,022,514 | Pat Fischer : 2,044,984 |
2010[2] | Mary Jane Trapp : 1,315,105 | Judith Ann Lanzinger : 1,717,889 |
2004 | Nancy A. Fuerst: 1,838,137 | Judith Ann Lanzinger: 2,443,514 |
1998 | Francis E. Sweeney Sr.: 1,677,791 | Stephen W. Powell: 1,049,561 |
1992 | Francis E. Sweeney Sr.: 2,008,854 | Mark P. Painter: 1,838,307 |
1986 | Francis E. Sweeney Sr.: 1,293,364 | Robert E. Holmes: 1,326,736 |
1980 | Lawrence Grey: 870,736 | Robert E. Holmes: 2,115,743 |
1974 | Frank D. Celebrezze | Sheldon A. Taft |
1972 s | Frank D. Celebrezze | Robert E. Leach |
1970 s |   | Robert M. Duncan |
1968 |   | John M. Matthias |
1962 | James J. Mayer | John M. Matthias |
1956 | Merrill D. Brother | John M. Matthias |
1954 s | John H. Lamneck | John M. Matthias |
1950 | Charles H. Hubbell | Edward S. Matthias |
1944 | Charles H. Hubbell | Edward S. Matthias |

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Justice (2)

[edit]

Six-year term beginning Jan. 2: 1945, 1951, 1957, 1963, 1969, 1975, 1981, 1987, 1993, 1999, 2005, etc.
Elections scheduled: 1944, 1950, 1956, 1962, 1968, 1974, 1980, 1986, 1992, 1998, 2004, etc. (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

2016[1] | Cynthia Rice : 1,892,450 | Pat DeWine : 2,438,641 |
2010[2] |   | Paul Pfeifer : 2,384,122 |
2004 |   | Paul E. Pfeifer: 3,384,192 |
1998 | Ronald Suster: 781,103 | Paul E. Pfeifer: 1,947,916 |
1992 | John T. Patton: 1,785,215 | Paul E. Pfeifer: 2,015,685 |
1986 | Herbert R. Brown: 1,328,913 | Joyce J. George: 1,306,049 |
1980 | Clifford F. Brown: 1,563,665 | David D. Dowd, Jr.: 1,528,071 |
1974 | Clifford F. Brown | Thomas M. Herbert |
1968 | Merrill D. Brother | Thomas M. Herbert |
1962 | Richard T. Cole | Paul M. Herbert |
1956 | Evan P. Ford | Thomas J. Herbert |
1950 |   | William L. Hart | James Metzenbaum
1944 | Herbert S. Duffy | William L. Hart |

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Justice (3)

[edit]

Six-year term beginning Jan. 1: 1941, 1947, 1953, 1959, 1965, 1971, 1977, 1983, 1989, 1995, 2001, etc.
Elections scheduled: 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1964, 1970, 1976, 1982, 1988, 1994, 2000, etc. (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

2018 | Michael P. Donnelly: 2,116,136 | Craig Baldwin: 1,352,859 |
2012[3] | Michael J. Skindell : 1,252,688  | Terrence O'Donnell : 2,804,629  |
2006 | William M. O'Neill: 1,341,258 | Terrence O'Donnell: 1,903,702 |
2004 s | William M. O'Neill: 1,635,718 | Terrence O'Donnell: 2,496,863 |
2000 | Timothy Black: 1,869,060 | Deborah L. Cook: 2,014,274 |
1994 | J. Ross Haffey: 864,786 | Deborah L. Cook: 1,842,063 |
1988 | A. William Sweeney: 2,059,402 | Paul R. Matia: 1,492,256 |
1982 | A. William Sweeney: 1,564,495 | John W. McCormac: 1,148,239 |
1976 | A. William Sweeney | Don P. Brown |
1970 | Allen Brown | J. J. P. Corrigan |
1964 | Charles B. Zimmerman | Francis B. Douglass |
1958 | Charles B. Zimmerman | Willard D. Campbell |
1952 | Charles B. Zimmerman | Francis B. Douglass |
1946 | Charles B. Zimmerman | Clinton DeWitt Boyd |
1940 | Charles B. Zimmerman | Clinton DeWitt Boyd |

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Justice (4)

[edit]

Six-year term beginning Jan. 2: 1941, 1947, 1953, 1959, 1965, 1971, 1977, 1983, 1989, 1995, 2001, etc.
Elections scheduled: 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1964, 1970, 1976, 1982, 1988, 1994, 2000, etc. (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

2018 | Melody J. Stewart : 1,803,277 | Mary DeGenaro : 1,630,977 |
2012[3] | William O'Neill : 2,115,841  | Robert Cupp : 1,912,850  |
2006 | Ben Espy: 1,505,255 | Robert R. Cupp: 1,712,584 |
2000 | Alice Robie Resnick: 2,312,073 | Terrence O'Donnell: 1,740,516 |
1994 | Alice Robie Resnick: 1,645,061 | Sara J. Harper: 1,144,143 |
1988 | Alice Robie Resnick: 1,917,510 | Joyce J. George: 1,688,281 |
1982 | Ralph S. Locher: 1,437,584 | William J. McCrone: 1,129,675 |
1976 | Ralph S. Locher | William J. Morrissey |
1970 |   | Leonard J. Stern |
1964 | Joseph D. Bryan | C. William O'Neill |
1960 s | John W. Peck | C. William O'Neill |
1958 | Merrill D. Brother | James Garfield Stewart |
1952 | Kenneth B. Johnston | James Garfield Stewart |
1948 s |   | James Garfield Stewart |
1946 | Herbert S. Duffy | Charles S. Bell |
1942 s | T. J. Duffy | Charles S. Bell |
1940 | Judge MacBride | Gilbert Bettman | Arthur H. Day

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Justice (5)

[edit]

Six-year term beginning Jan. 1: 1943, 1949, 1955, 1961, 1967, 1973, 1979, 1985, 1991, 1997, 2003, etc.
Elections scheduled: 1942, 1948, 1954, 1960, 1966, 1972, 1978, 1984, 1990, 1996, 2002, etc. (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

2020[4] | John P. O'Donnell: 2,231,724  | Sharon L. Kennedy: 2,735,041  |
2014  | Tom Letson: 692,030  | Sharon L. Kennedy: 1,828,156  |
2012 s[3] | Yvette McGee Brown: 1,769,123  | Sharon L. Kennedy: 2,347,925  |
2008 | Joseph Russo: 1,453,784 | Maureen O'Connor: 2,970,588 |
2002 | Timothy Black: 1,276,497 | Maureen O'Connor: 1,709,673 |
1996 | Peter M. Sikora: 1,138,106 | Andrew Douglas: 2,230,601 |
1990 | Stuart J. Banks: 756,481 | Andrew Douglas: 2,013,630 |
1984 | John E. Corrigan: 1,680,859 | Andrew Douglas: 1,893,299 |
1978 | William B. Brown | Richard M. Markus |
1972 | William B. Brown | Louis J. Schneider, Jr. |
1966 | Clifford F. Brown | Louis J. Schneider, Jr. |
1964 s | Lynn B. Griffith | Louis J. Schneider, Jr. |
1960 | James F. Bell | Earl R. Hoover |
1954 | James F. Bell | Henry A. Middleton |
1950 s |   | Henry A. Middleton | W. H. Annat
Ralph Bartlett
Fred Dewey
Arthur W. Doyle
Dennis Dunlavy
Howard E. Faught
Martin L. Sweeney
1948 | Charles H. Hubbell | Edward C. Turner |
1942 | William C. Dixon | Roy H. Williams |
1936[5] | Will P. Stephenson | Roy H. Williams |
1934 s[5] | Howard Landis Bevis | Roy H. Williams |

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Justice (6)

[edit]

Six-year term beginning Jan. 2: 1943, 1949, 1955, 1961, 1967, 1973, 1979, 1985, 1991, 1997, 2003, etc.
Elections scheduled: 1942, 1948, 1954, 1960, 1966, 1972, 1978, 1984, 1990, 1996, 2002, etc. (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

2020[4] | Jennifer Brunner: 2,695,072  | Judith L. French: 2,174,820  |
2014  | John P. O'Donnell: 1,132,759  | Judith L. French: 1,438,283  |
2008 | Peter Sikora: 1,554,521 | Evelyn Lundberg Stratton: 2,664,137 |
2002 | Janet Burnside: 1,290,412 | Evelyn Lundberg Stratton: 1,599,165 |
1996 | Marianna Brown Bettman: 1,427,947 | Evelyn Lundberg Stratton: 2,016,264 |
1990 | Stephanie Tubbs Jones: 1,255,556 | J. Craig Wright: 1,319,422 | J. Ross Haffey: 283,883
1984 | James P. Celebrezze: 1,765,509 | J. Craig Wright: 2,116,080 |
1982 s | James P. Celebrezze: 1,617,247 | Blanche Krupansky: 1,301,423 |
1978 | Clifford F. Brown | Paul W. Brown |
1972 | Lloyd O. Brown | Paul W. Brown |
1966 | Joseph D. Bryan | Paul W. Brown |
1964 s | Rankin M. Gibson | Paul W. Brown |
1960 | Joseph H. Ellison | Kingsley A. Taft |
1954 |   | Kingsley A. Taft |
1948 | Robert M. Sohngen | Kingsley A. Taft |
1942 | Willis Woehrle Metcalf | Edward C. Turner |

## First Constitution of Ohio (1803–1851)

[edit]

Under the first constitution, joint sessions of the legislature elected judges to seven-year terms. Elections were generally in January, with judges seated in February. The state had three or four judges through this period.[6]

## Second Constitution of Ohio (1851–1912)

[edit]

Under the second constitution, five judges were elected to five-year terms, with one seat elected each autumn. The first election was autumn of 1851, with the top five candidates assigned terms by lot.[7] Chief Justice was not voted separately, but chosen by other means. Change of law added a sixth judge for the 1892 election, with term starting February 1893, and terms were increased to six years.[8] No elections were held in 1906 or 1907, when the state transitioned to electing two judges each in even numbered years and terms of sitting judges were extended to fit the new schedule.[9]

Candidates for first election, October 1851:[10]

Name | Party | Votes | Term Expired[7]

|
|
|

William B. Caldwell | Democrat | 161,150 | 1853
Rufus P. Ranney | Democrat | 160,984 | 1857
Allen G. Thurman | Democrat | 147,724 | 1856
Thomas Welles Bartley | Democrat | 145,370 | 1854
John A. Corwin | Democrat | 145,099 | 1855
Sherlock James Andrews | Whig | 134,824 |
Charles Cleveland Convers | Whig | 119,475 |
Peter Odlin | Whig | 119,503 |
Bellamy Storer | Whig | 135,946 |
George B. Way | Whig | 119,000 |
Jacob Brinkerhoff | Free Soil | 16,143 |

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Judge (1)

[edit]

Five-year term beginning February: 1857, 1862, 1867, 1872, 1877, 1882, 1887, 1892, 1897
Elections scheduled: 1856, 1861, 1866, 1871, 1876, 1881, 1886, 1891, 1896 (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate[11]

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

1856 | Rufus P. Ranney : 156,438 | Josiah Scott : 175,8181 | Daniel Peck (Amer) : 23,868
1861 | Thomas J. S. Smith : 151,987 | Josiah Scott : 207,443 |
1866 | Thomas M. Key : 213,612 | Josiah Scott : 256,263 |
1871 | George W. Geddes : 217,374 | William H. West : 237,472 |
1873 s | Charles H. Scribner : 213,551 | Walter F. Stone : 214,363 |
1874 s | George Rex : 238,307 | William Wartenbee Johnson : 221,182 |
1876 | William E. Finck : 309,933 | Washington W. Boynton : 318,772 |
1881 | Edward F. Bingham : 286,650 | Nicholas Longworth II : 316,005 |
1886 | Martin Dewey Follett : 326,227 | Marshall Jay Williams : 343,739 |
1891 | Gustavus H. Wald : 345,374 | Marshall Jay Williams : 373,433 |
1896[12] | Everett D. Stark : 473,094 | Marshall Jay Williams : 525,084 |
1902[13] | Michael Donnelly | William B. Crew |

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Judge (2)

[edit]

Five-year term beginning February: 1856, 1861, 1866, 1871, 1876, 1881, 1886, 1891, 1896
Elections scheduled: 1855, 1860, 1865, 1870, 1875, 1880, 1885, 1890, 1895 (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate[14]

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

1855 | William Kennon, Sr. : 134,173 | Jacob Brinkerhoff : 168,436 |
1860 | Thomas J. S. Smith : 199,850 | Jacob Brinkerhoff : 212,854 |
1865 | Philadelph Van Trump : 193,284 | Jacob Brinkerhoff : 224,958 |
1870 | Richard A. Harrison : 204,287 | George W. McIlvaine : 229,629 | Gideon T. Stewart (Pro) : 2,810
1875 | Thomas Q. Ashburn : 292,328 | George W. McIlvaine : 296,944 |
1880 | Martin Dewey Follett : 340,998 | George W. McIlvaine : 364,045 |
1885 | Charles D. Martin : 341,712 | Thaddeus A. Minshall : 361,216 |
1890 | George B. Okey : 353,628 | Thaddeus A. Minshall : 362,896 |
1895[15] | William T. Mooney : 328,970 | Thaddeus A. Minshall : 427,809 |
1901[16] | Joseph Hiddy | James Latimer Price |

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Judge (3)

[edit]

Five-year term beginning February: 1855, 1860, 1865, 1870, 1875, 1880, 1885, 1890, 1895
Elections scheduled: 1854, 1859, 1864, 1869, 1874, 1879, 1884, 1889, 1894 (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate[17]

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

1854 | Shepherd F. Norris : 109,075 | Joseph Rockwell Swan : 188,498 |
1859 | Henry C. Whitman : 170,895 | William Y. Gholson : 182,888 |
1864 | Philadelph Van Trump | Luther Day |
1869 | William J. Gilmore : 228,523 | Luther Day : 236,300 |
1874 | William J. Gilmore : 237,556 | Luther Day : 221,701 |
1879 | William J. Gilmore : 316,994 | William Wartenbee Johnson : 336,009 |
1884 | Charles D. Martin : 378,965 | William Wartenbee Johnson : 392,918 |
1887 s | Virgil P. Kline : 328,137 | Franklin J. Dickman : 357,039 |
1889 | Martin Dewey Follett : 373,895 | Franklin J. Dickman : 376,649 |
1894[18] | James D. Ermston : 274,635 | John Allen Shauck : 410,011 |
1900[19] | Allen Smalley : 474,138 | John Allen Shauck : 543,418 | Lambertis B. Logan : (Union Reform) : 4,561
E. Jay Pinney (Prohibition) : 9,898
Daniel W. Wallace (Soc Lab) : 1,690
Albert Corbin (Soc Dem) : 4,628

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Judge (4)

[edit]

Five-year term beginning February: 1854, 1859, 1864, 1869, 1874, 1879, 1884, 1889, 1894
Elections scheduled: 1853, 1858, 1863, 1868, 1873, 1878, 1883, 1888, 1893 (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate[20]

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

1853[7] | Thomas Welles Bartley | unknown |
1858 | Thomas Welles Bartley : 162,610 | William Virgil Peck : 182,942 |
1863 | Philadelph Van Trump : 190,992 | Hocking H. Hunter : 287,507 |
1864 s | Philadelph Van Trump | William White |
1868 | William E. Finck | William White |
1873 | Henry C. Whitman : 213,705 | William White : 214,333 |
1878 | Alexander F. Hume : 270,839 | William White : 274,337 | Chilton A. White (NGL) : 38,033
William F. Ross (Pro) : 5,607
1883 | Selwyn N. Owen : 360,295 | John H. Doyle : 347,091 |
1888 | Lyman R. Critchfield : 396,236 | Joseph Perry Bradbury : 415,842 |
1893[21] | John W. Sater : 346,823 | Joseph Perry Bradbury : 422,256 |
1899[22] | De Witt C. Badger | William Z. Davis |
1905[23] | Hugh T. Mathers : 417,420 | William Z. Davis : 462,115 | Elihu J. Zeigler (Socialist) : 18,233
James Sterling (Pro) : 13,785
Max Eisenberg (Soc Lab) : 1,821

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Judge (5)

[edit]

Five-year term beginning February: 1853, 1858, 1863, 1868, 1873, 1878, 1883, 1888, 1893
Elections scheduled: 1852, 1857, 1862, 1867, 1872, 1877, 1882, 1887, 1892 (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate[24]

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

1852 | William B. Caldwell : 147,976 | Milton Sutliff
(Freesoil) : 22,518 | Daniel A. Haynes
(Whig) : 130,507
1855 s | Robert B. Warden : 132,039 | Charles Cleveland Convers : 169,555 |
1856 s | Carrington W. Seal : 156,604 | Ozias Bowen : 175,892 | Samuel Brush
(American) : 23,329
1857 | Henry C. Whitman : 159,103 | Milton Sutliff : 160,342 |
1862 | Rufus P. Ranney : 185,078 | Franklin T. Backus : 178,115 |
1865 s | Thomas M. Key : 193,422 | John Welch : 225,182 |
1867 | Thomas M. Key : 240,941 | John Welch : 243,480 |
1872 | John L. Green : 252,036 | John Welch : 263,223 |
1877 | John W. Okey : 271,393 | William Wartenbee Johnson : 251,758 |
1882 | John W. Okey : 315,753 | John H. Doyle : 299,389 |
1885 s | Gibson Atherton : 335,383 | William T. Spear : 363,770 |
1887 | Lyman R. Critchfield : 327,887 | William T. Spear : 357,137 |
1892[25] | John B. Driggs : 400,953 | William T. Spear : 402,932 |
1898[26] | Hugh L. Nichols : 345,883 | William T. Spear : 408,879 | Mahlon Rouch (Prohibition) : 7,597
Daniel L. Wallace (Soc Lab) : 5,787
Arthur A. Brown (Union Reform) : 10,550
1904[27] | Phillip J. Renner : 357,331 | William T. Spear : 587,448 | George L. Case (Pro) : 19,239
Harry Lavin (Socialist) : 33,507
Edward Polster (Soc Lab) : 2,502
Osmon S. Ferris (Peoples) : 1,080

## Candidates for Ohio Supreme Court Judge (6)

[edit]

Five-year term beginning February: 1893, six-year terms beginning 1898, 1904[8]
Elections scheduled: 1892, 1897, 1903 (s = Special election held to fill the seat of a justice who did not complete a term.) BOLD TYPE indicates winning candidate[28]

Year | Democrat | Republican | Other

|
|
|

1892 | Thomas Beer : 401,048 | Jacob F. Burket : 402,847 |
1897[29] | J. P. Spriggs | Jacob F. Burket |
1903[30] | Edward J. Dempsey : 358,898 | Augustus N. Summers : 471,742 | Jeremiah C. Cavanaugh (Socialist) : 14,041
E. Jay Pinney (Pro) : 13,493
Francis Henry (Soc Lab) : 2,152

## Notes

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1. ^ a b c "Election Results 2016". Ohio Secretary of State.
2. ^ a b c Ohio Secretary of State 2010 results
3. ^ a b c Husted, Jon. "Election Results - Supreme Court of Ohio : November 6, 2012". Ohio Secretary of State. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
4. ^ a b SOS Ohio: 2020 general election
5. ^ a b "Roy Hughes Williams". The Supreme Court of Ohio & The Ohio Judicial System. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
6. ^ Gilkey 1901 : 467-471
7. ^ a b c Gilkey 1901 : 472
8. ^ a b Gilkey 1901 : 476
9. ^ Sandles, A P; Doty, E W, eds. (1898). The biographical annals of Ohio 1906-1907-1908 : A handbook of the Government and Institutions of the State of Ohio. State of Ohio. p. 694.
10. ^ Bell 1876 : 115
11. ^ Smith 1898 : 65, 140, 228, 286, 319, 331, 365, 449, 526, 605, 693
12. ^ Williams elected to six-year term in 1896
13. ^ Powell 1913 : 392-393
14. ^ Smith 1898 : 40, 128, 209, 277, 342, 433, 511, 592, 665
15. ^ Minshall elected to six-year term in 1895
16. ^ Powell 1913 : 379-380
17. ^ Smith 1898 : 27, 95, 188, 268, 331, 406, 498, 541, 579, 655
18. ^ Shauck elected to six-year term in 1894
19. ^ Kinney, Charles (1900). Annual Report of the Secretary of State to the Governor of the State of Ohio for the year ending November 15, 1900. State of Ohio. p. 193.
20. ^ Smith 1898 : 84, 161, 188, 242, 319, 393, 473, 566, 644
21. ^ Bradbury elected to six-year term in 1893
22. ^ Powell 1913 : 371-372
23. ^ Ohio Secretary of State (1905). Ohio election statistics. Columbus. page 21 of pdf file
24. ^ Smith 1898 : 27, 40, 65, 74, 150, 209, 238, 305, 379, 460, 511, 541, 630
25. ^ spear elected to six-year term in 1892
26. ^ Ohio Secretary of State (1905). Ohio election statistics. Columbus. page 1215 of pdf file
27. ^ Ohio Secretary of State (1905). Ohio election statistics. Columbus. page 846 of pdf file
28. ^ Smith 1898 : 630
29. ^ Powell 1913 : 360
30. ^ Ohio Secretary of State (1905). Ohio election statistics. Columbus. page 1671 of pdf file

## References

[edit]

* Election Results from Ohio Secretary of State
* Bell, William Jr. (1876). Annual report of the Secretary of State to the Governor and General Assembly for the year 1875... Ohio Secretary of State.
* Smith, Joseph P, ed. (1898). History of the Republican Party in Ohio. Vol. 1\. Chicago: the Lewis Publishing Company.
* Gilkey, Elliott Howard, ed. (1901). The Ohio Hundred Year Book: a Handbook of the Public Men and Public Institutions of Ohio ... State of Ohio.
* Powell, Thomas Edward, ed. (1913). The Democratic party of the state of Ohio: a comprehensive history. Vol. 1\. The Ohio Publishing Company.

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