Order of the Sun of Peru

Award

Order of the Sun of Peru

Type| Order of merit
Awarded for| Civil and military merit
Description| Purple ribbon
Presented by| the Republic of Peru
Eligibility| All
Status| Currently awarded
Established| 8 October 1821, discontinued 1825,
re-established 1921

Ribbon of the Order

Precedence
Next (higher)| None (highest)
Next (lower)| Order of Merit for Distinguished Service

The Order of the Sun of Peru (Spanish: Orden El Sol del Perú), formerly known as the Order of the Sun, is the highest award bestowed by the nation of Peru to commend notable civil and military merit. The award is the oldest civilian award in the Americas, first being established in 1821.

## History[edit]

The Order was originally instituted on 8 October 1821 by General José de San Martín upon reaching Lima, to recognize those who had distinguished themselves in the campaign against the Spanish Royalists. The three classes of appointment to the Order were, in descending order of precedence: Founder, Meritorious and Associate.

It was discontinued four years later, after many grantees started to use the award as a nobility title, similar to the earlier Castile titles awarded by the colonial government. The Congress issued a law abolishing the Order of the Sun on 9 May 1825.

In 1921, the Order was re-established to commemorate the Centennial of Peruvian Independence.

## Classes[edit]

The award consists of the following classes:

1. Grand Collar
2. Grand Cross with Diamonds
3. Grand Cross
4. Grand Officer
5. Commander
6. Officer
7. Knight

Ribbon bars

Grand Collar | Grand Cross with Diamonds | Grand Cross | Grand Officer
Commander | Officer | Knight

## Notable recipients[edit]

Certificate confirming that the Order of the Sun of Peru was conferred on Ernesto Burzagli in the name of the President of the Peruvian Republic in 1924.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

### Royalty[edit]

* King Philip VI of Spain, invested as a Grand Cross (17 October 1991) and later promoted to Grand Collar (7 July 2015)
* Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani of Qatar, Grand Collar (13 February 2014)
* King Abdullah II of Jordan, Grand Cross with Diamonds (23 May 2005)
* King Mohammed VI of Morocco, Grand Cross with Diamonds (30 November 2004)
* Queen Letizia of Spain (as Princess of Asturias), Grand Cross (5 July 2004)
* Prince Albert II of Monaco (as Hereditary Prince), Grand Cross (25 November 2003)
* King Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan of Malaysia, Grand Cross with Diamonds (8 November 1996)
* King Rama IX of Thailand, Grand Cross with Diamonds (8 November 1996)
* Prince Michael of Kent, Grand Cross (2 November 1994)
* King Rama X of Thailand, Grand Cross (10 April 1993)
* Emperor Akihito, invested as a Grand Cross (11 May 1967) and later promoted to Grand Cross with Diamonds (13 March 1992)
* Empress Michiko, Grand Cross (13 March 1992)
* Queen Sofía of Spain, Grand Cross (17 October 1991)
* King Juan Carlos I of Spain, Grand Cross with Diamonds (8 November 1978)
* Emperor Haile Selassie, Grand Cross (1966)
* King Albert II of Belgium (as Prince of Liège), Grand Cross (23 October 1965)
* Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Grand Cross with Diamonds (13 February 1962)
* Empress Nagako, Grand Cross (24 April 1961)
* Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1960)
* King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden
* King Edward VIII of Great Britain (as Prince of Wales), Grand Cross (1931)
* Maharaja Jagatjit Singh of Kapurthala (1925)
* King Alfonso XIII of Spain, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1923)
* King Gustaf V of Sweden, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1923)
* King Christian X of Denmark, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* King Albert I of Belgium, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* King Haakon VII of Norway, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* Emperor Yoshihito of Japan, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* King Ferdinand I of Romania, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* King Leopold III of Belgium (as Prince of Belgium), Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)

### Other people[edit]

U.S. First Lady Pat Nixon is awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun for her efforts to deliver relief supplies after an earthquake in 1970. At left is Peruvian First Lady Consuelo Velasco; at right is the Peruvian Ambassador to the United States.

* Antonio Fernando Lulli Avalos, Grand Cross
* Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
* Ramón Miranda Ampuero
* Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold
* François Mitterrand, Grand Cross with Diamonds (9 October 1987)
* Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Grand Cross with Diamonds (29 March 1984)
* Leonid Brezhnev, Grand Cross with Diamonds (9 June 1978)
* Carlos Andrés Pérez, Grand Cross with Diamonds (11 November 1976)
* Nicolae Ceaușescu, Grand Cross with Diamonds (14 September 1973)
* Patricia Nixon, Grand Cross with Diamonds (23 June 1971)
* Charles de Gaulle, Grand Cross with Diamonds (15 December 1969)
* G. E. Berrios
* Leonid Brezhnev
* Fernando Belaúnde Terry, Grand Cross with Diamonds (20 July 1963)
* Ernesto Burzagli
* Rosa Campuzano
* Arturo "Zambo" Cavero
* Eduardo Frei, Grand Cross with Diamonds (13 November 1964)
* Pietro Gasparri, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* Friedrich Ebert, Grand Cross with Diamonds (1922)
* Gerardo Chavez
* Rafael Correa
* Roberto Dañino
* Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco
* Plácido Domingo
* Juan Diego Flórez
* Francisco Estévanez Rodríguez
* Frank Freyer
* Charles de Gaulle
* Pablo Grimberg Umansky
* Herbert Hervey, 5th Marquess of Bristol
* Thor Heyerdahl
* Guillermo Hillcoat
* Daisaku Ikeda
* Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
* Alexei Kosygin
* Sergey Lavrov
* Lee Hsien Loong
* Martín Vizcarra
* Paul McCartney
* George Marshall
* Dmitry Medvedev
* José Mujica
* Pat Nixon, 1970[1]
* Valentín Paniagua
* Chiang Kai-Shek
* George Papandreou
* Maria Reiche
* Ford O. Rogers
* Maria Rostworowski
* Manuela Sáenz
* Haile Selassie
* John F. Shafroth Jr.
* Yma Sumac
* Fernando de Szyszlo
* Herman Braun-Vega
* Julio C. Tello
* Valentina Tereshkova
* Danilo Türk
* Donald Tusk
* Somchai Wongsawat
* Gian Marco Zignago
* Mahathir Mohamad
* Yasuhiro Nakasone

## Notes[edit]

1. ^ "Peru: Order of the Sun of Peru". medals.org.uk. Retrieved 19 July 2020.

## References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Order of the Sun.

* Werlich, Robert. (1965). Orders and Decorations of All Nations: Ancient and Modern, Civil and Military. Washington, D.C.: Quaker Press. OCLC 390804
* myetymology

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