Organization of Iranian Kurdistan Struggle

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Political party in Iran

Khabat

Leader| Babeshekh Hosseini
Founder| Sheikh Jalal Hosseini
Founded| 21 June 1980; 45 years ago (1980-06-21)
Ideology| Kurdish nationalism[1]
National affiliation| National Council of Resistance of Iran (observer)[2][3]

* Politics of Iran
* Political parties
* Elections

The Khabat Organization of Iranian Kurdistan (Kurdish: سازمانى خه‌باتى كوردستانى ئێران, Persian: سازمان خبات انقلابی کردستان ایران), also known as Khabat (Kurdish for "struggle"), is an armed ethnic party of Kurds in Iran currently exiled in northern Iraq. The group is involved in cross-border attacks against Iranian forces.[4]

## History

[edit]

### Before establishment

[edit]

In 1979, a series of demonstrations against the monarchy took place in Iran, later known as the Iranian People's Revolution or the Islamic Revolution because all different ethnic groups of Iran participated in it. The result of this revolution was an Islamic republic.[5][6][7] The beginning of the revolution in Kurdistan began in Mahabad, then Baneh, people marched and demonstrated against the Shah with different slogans, led by Sheikh Jalal Hosseini, especially after the funeral of Khan Ahmad Khani. Sheikh Jalal attacked the authorities of the Shah of Iran and called them tyrannical and spoke about the corruption and evils of this government to the people. They were able to defeat the Shah's authorities and establish several self-governing councils. After the victory of the revolution and the fall of the monarchy, Khomeini's return from Paris to Tehran and the formation of a provisional government headed by a businessman,[8] The forces of East Kurdistan led by Sheikh Ezadin Hosseini visited the Supreme Leader of the Iranian Revolution, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, to discuss Kurdish rights.[9] However, the visit was unsuccessful because the newly elected authorities believed that this would lead to the division of Iran and therefore did not implement Sheikh Jalal's demands. Although they had expressed their support for Kurdistan's rights at the beginning of the revolution, they were against it after the victory of the revolution. The leaders of the Iranian revolution decided to hold a referendum to choose a new system of governance. The only question asked to the people was the monarchy or the Islamic Republic. Many people in Iran participated, but few Kurds because they believed that the referendum had no indication of granting Kurdish rights, especially Sheikh Ezzadin. In an Iranian newspaper, he announced that he would not participate in the referendum. Then other forces, especially the Democratic Party and Komala, encouraged the people not to participate. In the end, however, the referendum was successful and led to the establishment of an Islamic republic. Kurds being primarily Sunni Muslims were largely against the establishment of the Shia theocracy. Khomeini's forces accused Kurds of infidelity and separatism and attacked them.[10]

A 3 month clash erupted between Kurds and Khomeini's forces. Khomeini appointed Sadeq Khalkhali as the legitimate ruler of Kurdistan and gave him all the powers. After that, Khalkhali went to Kurdistan and asked for help and support from Kurdish figures but was rejected. Khalkhali attacked Sheikh Jalal's family in Baneh and killed them. He also started killing and executing those who worked against the government. These led to the Qarne massacre, the Qalatan massacre and many other incidents.[11][12]

### Establishment

[edit]

Khabat Organization was established on August 27, 1980 by Sheikh Jalal with the help of several other religious teachers who supported the Kurdish-Islamic nationalism.[13] This led to a new trend in the Iranian part of Kurdistan because there was no such organization with such ideology. Before the Khabat, all the other Kurdish parties were strongly leftist, which religious Kurds did not support. In 1980, the Khabat held its first congress in Baneh, called the founding congress. Sheikh Jalal Husseini was elected as the first person and secretary. In response to the establishment of the Khabat Organization, many people from Baneh and Sardasht became members of the organization. The Democratic Party and Komala Ka, the two main parties in East Kurdistan, considered the establishment of this organization unusual and believed that it was established to oppose them and obstruct their work. Although the Khabat Organization had stated that they were not formed to oppose these parties, but their main goal was to fight the regime forces and achieve Kurdish rights. They later fled to Iraqi Kurdistan due to the massive crackdown on Kurdish organizations by Iran. The Khabat does cross-border attacks from time to time on Iranian border guards.[14]

## Ideology

[edit]

The group was Islamist and nationalist.[15] In the third congress in 2003, after 24 years of establishment, their name was changed from the Organization of the National and Islamic Struggle of Iranian Kurdistan to the Organization of Iranian Kurdistan Struggle. The group announced that it adopted secularism and reformed many of its policies.[16][17]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ په‌یڕه‌و و پڕۆگرامی سازمانی خه‌باتی كوردستانی ئێران
2. ^ "Speech of the Secretary General of the Khabat Organization in Iranian Kurdistan at the meeting of the National Council of Iranian Resistance". National Council of Iranian Resistance. 9 August 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
3. ^ Hosseini, Kak Baba Sheikh (18 July 2018). "Oppressors will never be welcomed". The Washington Times. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
4. ^ "Maneuvers inside Kurdish movements", FDI's Weekly Newswire (35), 3 February 1997
5. ^ "شۆڕشی ئیسلامی ئێران ١٩٧٩ ناونیشانی بابەتێک لە ماڵپەری مێژووی کورد (ئەرشیف٢٠١٦)". Archived from the original on 2020-07-19. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
6. ^ "بەبۆنەی ساڵیادی شۆڕشی گەلانی ئێران: پرسی کورد لەم وڵاتەدا". Archived from the original on 2017-02-13. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
7. ^ "مێژووی ھاوچەرخی ئێران". Archived from the original on 2020-12-12. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
8. ^ "خومەینی گەڕایەوە بۆ تاران بزانە دوایی چی بەسەر ھاوڕێکانی ھێنرا ماڵپەری لڤین (ئەرشیف٢٠٢٠)". Archived from the original on 2020-12-12. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
9. ^ "ئەو مەلایەی لە مزگەوتدا خودا و لە دەرەوە کوردی دەپەرست". Archived from the original on 2020-12-12. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
10. ^ "ھەموو شتێک لەبارەی شۆڕشی ١٩٧٩ی ئێران لێکۆلینەوەیەک لە ماڵپەڕی پەیسەر (ئەرشیف٢٠١٩)". Archived from the original on 2020-12-12. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
11. ^ "کۆمەڵکوژی لە کوردستان لەزاری شایەتحاڵان و لە دووتوێی ئامارەکاندا + ڤیدیۆ (ئەرشیفی کوردپا ٢٠١٢)". Archived from the original on 2020-12-12. Retrieved 2020-12-12. Archived 2020-12-12 at the Wayback Machine
12. ^ "نەورۆزی خوێناوی سنە چۆن بوو؟ بابەتێک لە ماڵپەری پەیسەر (ئەرشیف٢٠١٩)". Archived from the original on 2020-12-12. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
13. ^ "لە ئەرشیفی دیمانەکانی مامۆستا سەید جەلال حوسێنی، وتووێژی مامۆستا سەید جەلالەددینی حوسەینی لەگەڵ گۆڤاری k٢١(ئەرشیف ٢٠٠٨ ا)". Archived from the original on 2020-09-19. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
14. ^ کتێبی سازمانی خەباتی نەتەوایەتی و ئیسلامی ئێران ١٩٨٠–١٩٨٧ نوسنی ڕابەر سیوەیلی و ژیلوان ھەڵەدنی
15. ^ Ahmadzadeh, Hashem; Stansfield, Gareth (2010), "The Political, Cultural, and Military Re-Awakening of the Kurdish Nationalist Movement in Iran", Middle East Journal, 64 (1): 11–27, doi:10.3751/64.1.11, hdl:10871/9414, JSTOR 20622980, S2CID 143462899
16. ^ پەیڕەو و پڕۆگرام
17. ^ کورته یه‌ک له مێژووی سازمانی خه بات ی کوردستانی ئێران

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