Outline of production

Overview of and topical guide to production

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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production:

Production – act of creating 'use' value or 'utility' that can satisfy a want or need.[1] The act may or may not include factors of production other than labor. Any effort directed toward the realization of a desired product or service is a "productive" effort and the performance of such act is production.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production:

## Types

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* Industry – production of an economic good or service within an economy.[2] Industry is divided into four sectors, or types of production; they are:

### Primary sector

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* Primary sector – this involves the extraction of resources directly from the Earth, this includes agricultural and resource extraction industries. In these industries, the product (that is, the focus of production) is a natural resource.
* Agriculture   (outline) – cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life.[3]
* Animal husbandry – agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock.
* Farming – cultivating land for the purpose of agricultural production.
* Aquaculture – the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae, and other aquatic organisms.
* Forestry   (outline) – creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit.[4]
* Resource extraction –
* Fishing – activity of catching or harvesting fish and other aquatic animals such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.
* Logging – harvesting timber, including cutting, skidding, on-site processing, and loading trees or logs onto trucks or skeleton cars.
* Mining   (outline) – extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam.
* Extraction of petroleum – process by which usable petroleum (oil) is extracted and removed from the earth.
* Extraction of natural gas – Natural gas is commercially extracted from oil fields and natural gas fields.
* Water industry – provides drinking water to residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the economy.

### Secondary sector

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* Secondary sector – involves the processing of raw materials from primary industries, and includes the industries that produce a finished, tangible product.
* Construction – process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure, including buildings, roads, dams, etc.
* Manufacturing – process which involves tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. Ranges from handicraft to high tech industrial production.

### Tertiary sector

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* Tertiary sector – This group is involved in the provision of services. They include teachers, managers and other service providers.

### Quaternary sector

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* Quaternary sector – the part of the economy that produces knowledge-based services.[5][6]
* Information industry –
* Information generation and sharing –
* Information technology –
* Consulting services –
* Education –
* Research and development –
* Financial planning services –

## Goals

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* Product
* Service

### Productivity

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* Productivity
* Benchmarking
* Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
* Cost accounting
* Experience curve effects / Vocational education
* Operations research
* Scheduling and queuing theory
* Throughput accounting
* Time and motion study

## History

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* History of industry
* Industrial Revolution
* History of manufacturing

### Theories of production

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* Taylorism
* Fordism
* Theory of Constraints
* Toyotism (Lean manufacturing)

## Economics

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* Factors of production
* Production theory basics
* Outline of industrial organization
* Production function
* Production possibility frontier

## Manufacturing

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* Manufacturing
* Factory
* English system of manufacturing
* American system of manufacturing
* Scale of production
* Craft production
* Mass production
* Batch production
* Job production
* Just In Time manufacturing
* Toyota Production System
* Lean production
* Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
* Mass customization

### Product engineering

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* Product engineering
* Industrial and manufacturing engineering
* Reverse engineering
* Value engineering

#### Product design

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* Rapid prototyping
* Computer-aided design (CAD)
* New product development
* Research and development
* Toolkits for user innovation

### Production technology

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* Industrial robot
* Computer-aided manufacturing
* Computer Integrated Manufacturing
* Production equipment control
* Computer numerically controlled
* Distributed Control System
* Fieldbus control system
* PLCs / PLD
* Advanced Planning & Scheduling
* Scheduling (production processes)
* SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
* computerized maintenance management system (CMMS)
* Packaging and labeling

#### Machinery

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* Machinery
* Production line
* Assembly line
* Conveyor belt
* Woodworking machinery
* Metalworking machinery
* Textile machinery
* Equipment manufacturer

#### Machine set-up

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* Changeover
* Single-Minute Exchange of Die (SMED)
* Sequence-dependent setup (mathematical)

#### Lot size and run length

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* Economic Lot Scheduling Problem
* Dynamic lot size model
* Economic order quantity
* Economic production quantity
* Economic batch quantity

## Service provision

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* Service economy
* Service system
* Service design

## Logistics

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* Logistics
* Supply chain
* Supply chain management
* Procurement or purchasing
* Inventory
* Inventory management
* Reorder point
* Just In Time

## Process improvement

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* Systems analysis
* Process modeling
* Process optimization
* Quality
* Quality control
* Six Sigma
* Total Quality Management
* Certification Processes and Awards
* ISO 9000
* Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (US)
* Canada Awards for Excellence (National Quality Institute) (Canada)
* Deming Prize (Japan)
* Joseph M. Juran Medal (US)
* Japan Quality Control Medal (Japan)

## See also

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* Manufacturing portal

* Division of labour
* Economics
* Means of production
* Mode of production
* Modernity
* Outline of management
* Outline of manufacturing
* Production possibility frontier
* Productive and unproductive labour
* Productive forces
* Productivity improving technologies (historical)
* Productivity model
* Second Industrial Revolution

## References

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1. ^ Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Brown, L., and Adam, S. (2006) Marketing, 7th Ed. Pearson Education Australia/Prentice Hall.
2. ^ "Industry Definition & Meaning".
3. ^ International Labour Office (1999). Safety and health in agriculture. International Labour Organization. pp. 77–. ISBN 978-92-2-111517-5. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
4. ^ "Forestry." SAF Dictionary of Forestry. The Society of American Foresters, 1998. Helms, John A. <"SAFnet Dictionary | Definition for [forestry]". Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2014-03-15.>
5. ^ Tor Selstad (1990). "The rise of the quaternary sector. The regional dimension of knowledge-based services in Norway, 1970-1985". informaworld. "... knowledge-based services ..."
6. ^ Peter Busch (1967). "Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning". Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning. ISBN 9781599045030. Retrieved 2010-06-17. "see page .. The quaternary sector of industry is the sector of industry that involves the intellectual services. That is research, development, and information."

## External links

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Production at Wikipedia's sister projects

* Definitions from Wiktionary
* Media from Commons
* News from Wikinews
* Quotations from Wikiquote
* Texts from Wikisource
* Textbooks from Wikibooks
* Resources from Wikiversity

Productivity

* Productivity and Costs – Bureau of Labor Statistics United States Department of Labor: contains international comparisons of productivity rates, historical and present
* Productivity Statistics - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
* Greenspan Speech
* OECD estimates of labour productivity levels
* Productivity Enhancement Through Business Automation
* Productivity Science - source for personal and business productivity information
* Productivity Assessment Framework from Zinnov LLC

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