Oxford Bus Company

Go Ahead Group bus operator

Route-branded Wright StreetDeck buses outside The Queen's College, Oxford in 2017

Parent| Go-Ahead Group
Founded| 1881
Headquarters| The City of Oxford Motor Services Ltd., Cowley House, Watlington Road, Cowley, Oxford, OX4 6GA
Service area| Oxfordshire
Service type| Bus and coach services
Destinations| Abingdon, Bicester Village, Gatwick, Heathrow, Oxford, Watlington, Wantage
Fleet| ~160 (November 2023)
Chief executive| Luke Marion
Website| Official website

Oxford Bus Company is the trading name of The City of Oxford Motor Services Ltd.[1] It is a bus operator serving the city and surrounding area of Oxford, England. It is a subsidiary of the Go-Ahead Group.

## History[edit]

### Horse trams and horse buses[edit]

The City of Oxford and District Tramway Company served Oxford with horse-drawn trams from 1881.[2][3] By 1898 its network served Abingdon Road, Banbury Road, Cowley Road, Walton Street and both Oxford and Oxford Rewley Road railway stations.[4]

Horse bus services developed to complement the tramway network. By the early 20th century both Iffley Road and Woodstock Road were horse bus routes. On Saturdays only there were horse buses from Headington to the city centre and from Cowley village to the tram terminus in Cowley Road.[5]

In 1906 the City of Oxford Electric Tramways Company took over from the City of Oxford and District Tramway Company.[1][5] It planned to electrify and expand the network, but was defeated by local opposition.[6]

### Motor buses[edit]

A preserved City of Oxford Motor Services AEC Renown

In 1913–14, and under threat of competition from William Morris and Frank Gray, the tram company replaced its trams and horse buses with Daimler motor buses.[7][8]

In 1921, the company was renamed City of Oxford Motor Services Limited (COMS). It continued to expand its operations into the surrounding countryside. From the 1930s, COMS was controlled by British Electric Traction, with the Great Western Railway having a minority shareholding. The fleet livery was red with maroon and pale green relief. Most of its buses were built on AEC chassis and running gear. Numerous former COMS buses have been preserved, including a large and notable collection at the Oxford Bus Museum in Long Hanborough in Oxfordshire.

In 1969 COMS became a subsidiary of the National Bus Company, commencing greater integration of city and country services.[9] In 1971, the Oxford – London coach operator South Midland, which had been controlled by the neighbouring Thames Valley Traction company, was transferred to COMS and the fleet name for the entire operation became Oxford South Midland.

An acute problem for the operator was the competition for staff with Morris Motors, whose Cowley factory was near the Oxford garage. One response was to move to one person operation of buses in the 1970s.[10]

After some trials, the Oxford company established the city's pioneering park and ride bus services in 1978. The London express service began in the same year.

In 1983, COMS was split into separate Oxford and South Midland units. Oxford Bus Company was allocated the Oxford city services and the London routes, and South Midland was allocated the remainder of the network. Both companies were subject to management buyouts. The South Midland company was soon resold to Thames Transit (later Stagecoach South Midlands), which introduced minibus competition. Oxford Bus Company tried to counter this with minibuses under the Oxford City Nipper brand name.

The former 1999 logos of the Wycombe Bus Company and Oxford Bus Company

In 1990, Oxford Bus Company acquired the High Wycombe operations of the Bee Line, and ran them under the Wycombe Bus brand name. In March 1994, Oxford Bus Company was purchased by the Go-Ahead Group,[11] with the company formally rebranded to The Oxford Bus Company and its city services being given Cityline branding a few months afterwards.[12] In 2000, Go-Ahead sold the High Wycombe operation to Arriva. The company's long-established main depot in Cowley Road, Oxford was closed in 2004, replaced by a new depot opened in Watlington Road.[13]

Go-Ahead bought Thames Travel in 2011 and Carousel Buses in 2012. They now share Oxford Bus Company management but retain their separate identities.[14][15][16][17]

In October 2019, it was announced that the X90 service between Oxford and London would be withdrawn from 4 January 2020, due to a 35% fall in passenger numbers since 2015 causing the route to be unprofitable.[18][19]

In June 2023, Go-Ahead announced it had acquired the Gloucestershire independent Pulhams Coaches. The Pulhams operation, consisting of 90 buses, operates 22 bus services and 126 employees, will remain a separate brand under the management of the Oxford Bus Company.[20]

## Brands[edit]

The various route-branded services operated by the Oxford Bus Company

As of 2023, the Oxford Bus Company currently operates services under four route brands:

### City[edit]

A majority of Oxford Bus Company buses are branded in colour-coded 'City' branding for local bus services in and around the city of Oxford. This branding was first introduced in 2015 with the introduction of magenta Wright StreetDeck buses branded for the City5 before being progressively rolled out to ten other bus services.[21] The scope of the 'City' brand has further expanded with the addition of two express routes and the City46,[22][23] the latter of which is partially funded by restauranteur Raymond Blanc.[24]

### Park & Ride[edit]

Established in 1978 as the first system of its type in the United Kingdom,[dubious - discuss] Oxford's Park & Ride network serves Oxford city centre via two routes serving four peripheral park & ride sites around Oxford. Service 300 runs from the northern Pear Tree park & ride site to the southern Redbridge site, while service 400 runs from the western Seacourt site to the eastern Thornhill site.[25]

The services are operated by Wright StreetDeck buses branded in black and purple liveries, 20 of which were originally purchased for use on the Park & Ride in 2016, replacing older Alexander Dennis Enviro400H buses used on the service.[26]

### The Airline[edit]

'The Airline' is an express coach service linking Oxford with London Heathrow Airport every twenty minutes and Gatwick Airport every two hours, with both services operating every day of the year.[27] The service is operated by eighteen Mercedes-Benz Tourismo coaches acquired in 2019 and 2023, two of which were wrapped in advertisements for The Ashmolean museum in Oxford city centre.[28][29]

### BROOKESbus[edit]

BROOKESbus is a network of services providing bus links between the campuses and student halls of the Oxford Brookes University, open to passengers regardless of whether they are students at the university. The service was initially launched in 2003 by Stagecoach in Oxfordshire with a fleet of eight buses,[30] however the Oxford Bus Company would gain the contract to operate the service in 2009, with the BROOKESbus network being continuously operated by the company since.[31] A park and ride service between Harcourt Hill and Wheatley is included in this network, which was among the first services in Oxford to take delivery of Wright StreetDeck Electroliner battery electric buses in November 2023 as part of a large order of the type.[32][33]

## Fleet[edit]

As of November 2023, Oxford Bus Company's fleet consists of up to 160 buses, minibuses and coaches, a majority of which are operated on local bus services in and around Oxford.[34]

The company operates a large fleet of hybrid electric buses and plans to convert all local services to be operated by battery electric buses through an order placed in January 2023 for 104 battery electric buses produced by Wrightbus. 91 buses from this order will be Wright StreetDeck Electroliner double deckers, a further eight being open-top examples for the company's City Sightseeing operations, and the remaining five buses from this order being Wright GB Kite Electroliner single deck buses.[35][36] The 21 first battery-electric StreetDecks from this order were delivered in November 2023 for service on the BROOKESbus park and ride service.[32][33]

### Bus location technology[edit]

All Oxford Bus Company buses and coaches have automatic vehicle location (AVL) equipment installed which works via GPS technology.[37] The AVL equipment installed on each bus or coach gives geographical location to within a few metres and is updating central control room every few seconds. This information technology can therefore be seen in real time at the central control room, which helps in managing the fleet.[38]

The AVL equipment is also coupled to a real-time passenger information system at over 250 bus stop display screens around Oxford City and surrounding towns, and via a smartphone app. This coupled information technology system gives the public "predicted times" of bus and coach services around Oxford City and surrounding towns.[38][39][40]

Oxfordshire County Council also uses this information technology to provide traffic-light priority for buses at some road junctions.[39]

The real-time passenger information system is managed by OxonTime, which is a partnership between various bus companies and Oxfordshire County Council.[38][39][needs update]

### 'Brand the Bus' initiative[edit]

An Oxford Bus Company bus in the livery of 2022 Brand the Bus winner 'Restore'

Since 2018, Oxford Bus Company has run an annual initiative named 'Brand the Bus', in which local charities and causes in Oxford submit designs for a charitable all-over advertisement to be applied to an Oxford Bus Company double-decker bus for a two-year period. The top ten designs are voted on by the general public before being submitted by an internal judging panel to select an overall winner.[41] Two organisations that had advertised on Oxford Bus Company buses in 2018 prior to the initiative being launched were Oxford Pride and the Oxfordshire Prostate Cancer Support Group.[42][43]

The past winners of the 'Brand the Bus' initiative were:

* 2018-2019: GirlGuiding Oxfordshire[44]
* 2019-2020: Home Start Oxford[45]
* 2020-2021: Blue Skye Thinking[46]
* 2021-2022: Restore[47]
* 2022-2023: SeeSaw[48]
* 2023-2024: To be declared[49]

## See also[edit]

* List of bus operators of the United Kingdom

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b "The City of Oxford Motor Services Limited". Companies House. Retrieved 6 August 2017. Company Number 91106
2. ^ Chance, Eleanor; Colvin, Christina; Cooper, Janet; Day, CJ; Hassall, TG; Selwyn, Nesta (1979). "Public Services". In Crossley, Alan; Elrington, CR (eds.). A History of the County of Oxford. Victoria County History. Vol. 4: The City of Oxford. pp. 350–364. ISBN 978-019722714-5. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
3. ^ Hart 1972, p. 222.
4. ^ Hart 1972, p. 223.
5. ^ a b Hart 1972, p. 224.
6. ^ Hart 1972, p. 225.
7. ^ Chipperfield, John (15 March 2010). "Postcard marked passing of Oxford's trams". Oxford Mail. Newsquest Oxfordshire. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
8. ^ "Oxford and District Tramways Bill". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). United Kingdom: House of Commons. 22 July 1914. col. 591–599. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
9. ^ "National Bus Company". Commercial Motor. Temple Press. 3 January 1969. p. 27. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
10. ^ Jolly, Stephen; Taylor, Nick (2003). The Book of Oxford Buses and Trams. Oxford Bus Museum Trust. ISBN 978-0-9506739-2-9.[page needed]
11. ^ Simpson, Richard (5 March 1994). "GAG gets Oxford". Coach & Bus Week. No. 106\. Peterborough: Emap. p. 4.
12. ^ "Relaunch for Oxford ops". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough: Emap. 8 October 1994. p. 5.
13. ^ Ashworth, Phil (2006). The Oxford Bus Company – the first 125 years. Oxford: Oxford Bus Company.[page needed]
14. ^ "Oxford Bus Company". Go-Ahead Group. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012.
15. ^ Smith, Andrew (29 May 2011). "No changes at Thames Travel says outgoing boss". Oxford Mail. Newsquest Oxfordshire. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
16. ^ "Go-Ahead buys 35-vehicle Thames Travel". Bus and Coach. Plum Publishing. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2017.[permanent dead link]
17. ^ "Go-Ahead Acquires Carousel Buses Limited". Go-Ahead Group. 20 February 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
18. ^ "Oxford Bus Company to withdraw X90 service in new year". Oxford Bus Company. 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
19. ^ Ffrench, Andrew. "Oxford Bus Company X90 service is being scrapped". The Oxford Times. Archived from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
20. ^ Halford, Paul (8 June 2023). "Pulhams bought by Go-Ahead Group". routeone. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
21. ^ Ffrench, Andrew (27 July 2017). "New colourful buses on show in city centre streets". Oxford Mail. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
22. ^ "Oxford Bus Company increases bonus scheme to attract drivers". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough: Emap. 1 November 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
23. ^ "New links across Oxford on the 46 from 20th June 2022". Oxford Bus Company. 10 May 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
24. ^ Topham, Gwyn (6 August 2022). "No 46 to Le Manoir: Raymond Blanc funds local bus service to restaurant". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
25. ^ "Oxford park&ride". Oxford Bus Company. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
26. ^ Cole, David (4 January 2017). "Purple park and ride". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
27. ^ "Oxford Bus Company Airline usage at 75% of pre-pandemic". routeone. 6 May 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
28. ^ "Oxford Bus Company invests in 11 Tourismos". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough: Emap. 11 June 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
29. ^ "Oxford Bus Company invests in Airline fleet and ups frequency". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough: Emap. 6 June 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
30. ^ "Brookes bus proves a roaring success". Oxford Mail. 16 December 2003. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
31. ^ Walker, Chris (30 June 2009). "New Brookesbus operator offers free wi-fi Internet". Oxford Mail. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
32. ^ a b Halford, Paul (22 November 2023). "Oxford Bus Company marks roll-out of 21 StreetDeck Electroliners". routeone. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
33. ^ a b Proudhon-Smith, Elliot (21 November 2023). "Oxford Brookes University rolls out their new electric bus fleet". ElectricDrives. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
34. ^ "About Us". Oxford Bus Company. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
35. ^ "Oxford Bus Company to take 104 Wrightbus electrics". routeone. 31 January 2023. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
36. ^ Peat, Chris (31 January 2023). "Go-Ahead makes biggest electric bus order". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
37. ^ "Oxford Bus Company". Go-Ahead Group. 1 May 2015. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012.
38. ^ a b c "About Us". OxonTime. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
39. ^ a b c "Real-time bus information". Oxfordshire County Council. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
40. ^ "Travel Map". Oxfordshire County Council. Archived from the original on 6 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
41. ^ "Oxford Bus Company's 'Brand the Bus' initiative". Go-Ahead Group. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
42. ^ "New rainbow bus showing pride in Oxford's diversity". Oxford Mail. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
43. ^ Ffrench, Andrew (12 November 2018). "Cancer support group gets bus company backing with new livery". Oxford Mail. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
44. ^ Ffrench, Andrew (30 April 2019). "Girl Guides win Brand the Bus competition". Oxford Mail. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
45. ^ "Home Start Oxford is winner of OBC 'brand the bus' contest". routeone. 3 June 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
46. ^ Ffrench, Andrew (27 July 2021). "Blue Skye Thinking charity celebrates Brand the Bus win". Oxford Mail. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
47. ^ Ffrench, Andrew (11 May 2022). "Mental health charity Restore wins Oxford Bus Company Brand the Bus contest". Oxford Mail. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
48. ^ Ffrench, Andrew (11 April 2023). "Brand the Bus competition is won by bereavement charity SeeSaw". Oxford Mail. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
49. ^ "Brand the Bus! goes all-electric as Oxford Bus Company launches 2024 Competition". Oxford Bus Company. 1 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.

## Bibliography[edit]

* Hart, Harold W (1972). "The Horse-Trams of Oxford, 1881–1914" (PDF). Oxoniensia. Oxford. XXXVII: 221–225. ISSN 0308-5562.

## External links[edit]

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