Paleobiota of the Solnhofen Limestone

Fossil-bearing formation in Germany

Solnhofen Limestone

Stratigraphic range: Kimmeridgian-Tithonian[1][2]
Type| Geological formation
Underlies| Usseltal Formation
Overlies| Treuchtlingen Formation
Lithology
Primary| Lithographic limestone[1]
Other| Slate, Dolomite, Flint
Location
Region| Bavaria
Country|  Germany
Type section
Named for| Solnhofen

Facies map of the Solnhofen Archipelago of southern Germany

The Solnhofen Limestone or Solnhofen Plattenkalk is a collective term for multiple Late Jurassic lithographic limestones in southeastern Germany, which is famous for its well preserved fossil flora and fauna dating to the late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian). The paleoenvironment is also often referred to as the Solnhofen Archipelago. The Solnhofen Archipelago was located at the northern edge of the Tethys Ocean as part of a shallow epicontinental sea and is firmly a part of the Mediterranean realm.[3]

## Chondrichthyes

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Color key
| Taxon | Reclassified taxon | Taxon falsely reported as present | Dubious taxon or junior synonym | Ichnotaxon | Ootaxon | Morphotaxon

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| Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

### Holocephali

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Chimaeropsis[4] | C. paradoxa | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Fragmentary cranial remains and one complete specimen[5] | Holotype destroyed in WW2 airraid[4] |
Ischyodus[5] | I. egertoni | Eichstätt, Wattendorf  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Multiple complete specimens  |  |
I. quenstedti |  |  |  | May be a junior synonym of I. egertoni
Elasmodectes[5] | E. avitus | Eichstätt, Blumenberg, Wintershof  | Altmühltal Formation | Multiple complete specimens  |  |
Chimaerotheca[4] | C. schernfeldensis |  |  |  | Egg capsules of an unknown chimaera |

### Elasmobranchii

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Hybodus (Egertonodus?)[5] | H. fraasi | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Almost complete but poorly preserved specimen  |  |
Asteracanthus[5] | A. ornatissimus | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Single almost complete specimen of a 2 meter long female  |  |
Strophodus[5] | S. sp | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | Articulated set of jaws and teeth  |  |

### Neoselachii

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Sphenodus[5] | S. nitidus | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Incomplete skeletal remains and isolated teeth  |  |
S. macer | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Incomplete skeletal remains and isolated teeth  |  |
Synechodus[5] | S. ungeri | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Almost complete skeleton and isolated teeth  |  |
Paraorthacodus[5] | P. jurensis | Haunsfeld, Blumenberg, Schernfeld, Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |
Macrourogaleous[5] | M. hassei | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

### Batomorphii

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Asterodermus[5] | A. platypterus | Solnhofen, Kelheim, Blumenberg, Birkhof  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |
Spathobatis[5] | S. bugesiacus | Eichstätt, Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |
Rajitheca[5] | R. sp |  |  | Several specimens in private collections  | Egg capsules of Batomorphs |

### Heterodontiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Paracestracion[5] | P. falcifer | Solnhofen? Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Complete skeleton, potentially more specimens  |  |
P. viohli | Schamhaupten  | Torleite Formation | Single incomplete skeleton  |  |
P. danieli | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Single incomplete skeleton  |  |
Heterodontus[5] | H. zitteli | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Single complete skeleton lacking teeth, several other specimens may be referrable  |  |

### Orectolobiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Phorcynis[5] | P. catulina | Eichstätt, Zandt, Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation | Several skeletons  |  |
Palaeorectolobus[5] | P. agomphius | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation | One incomplete specimen  |  |

### Carcharhiniformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Bavariscyllium[5] | B. tischlingeri | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |
Palaeoscyllium[5] | P. formosum | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |
Scyliorhinotheca[5] | S. sp |  |  |  | egg capsule of a catshark |

### Lamniformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Palaeocarcharias[5] | P. stromeri | Eichstätt, Kelheim, Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

### Hexanchiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Crassodontidanus[5] | C. serranus | Eichstätt, Daiting  | Altmühltal Formation | Isolated Teeth  |  |
Notidanoides[5] | N. muensteri | Eichstätt, Daiting  | Altmühltal Formation | Isolated teeth, one almost complete skeleton was presumably destroyed during WW2 | Another incomplete skeleton of the Genus is known from the Nusplingen limestone | Isolated Tooth of Notidanoides

### Squatiniformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Pseudorhina[5] | P. acanthoderma |  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |
P. alifera | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

### Other

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Protospinax[5] | P. annectans | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

## Osteognathostomata

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Color key
| Taxon | Reclassified taxon | Taxon falsely reported as present | Dubious taxon or junior synonym | Ichnotaxon | Ootaxon | Morphotaxon

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| Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

### Chondostrei

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Coccolepis[6]

C. bucklandi[6]

| Eichstätt, Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete Specimens  |  |
C. solnhofensis[7] | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation |  |

### Pycnodontiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Arduafrons[8] | A. prominoris | Blumenberg, Wintershof, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |
Apomesodon[9] | A. comosus | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
A. sp | Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |

Eomesodon[10]

E. gibbosus[10]

| Blumenberg, Wintershof, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

Gyrodus[10]

G. circularis[10]

| Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens  |  |

G. hexagonus[10]

| Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Painten, Schamhaupten, Brunn  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens  |  |

Mesturus[10]

M. verrucosus[10]

| Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

Macromesodon[10]

M. heckeli[10]

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M. macropterus[10]

| Kelheim  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Piranhamesodon[11] | P. pinnatomus[11] | Ettling  |  | Singular partial skeleton  |  |

Proscinetes[10]

P. elegans[10]

| Eichstätt. Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens  |  |

P. formosus[10]

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P. bernardi[12] | Schamhaupten, Ettling, Painten  | Torleite Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |
Turbomesodon[13] | T. relegans | Eichstätt, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
Turboscinetes[12] | T. egertoni | Ettling  |  |  |  |
Thiollierepycnodus[14] | T. wagneri | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

### Ginglymodi

[edit]

#### Lepisosteiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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"Lepidotes"[15] | "L." decoratus |  |  |  |  |
"L." intermedius |  |  |  |  |
"L." oblongus |  |  |  |  |
"L." pustulosus |  |  |  |  |
"L." subovatus |  |  |  |  |
"L." unguiculatus |  |  |  |  |
Scheenstia[16] |

S. maximus[16]

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S. decoratus |  |  |  |  |
S. zappi[17] | Schamhaupten  | Torleite Formation | Single almost complete specimen  |  |

#### Semionotiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Callipurbeckia | C. notopterus[16] |  |  |  |  |
Macrosemimimus[18] | M. fegerti  | Ettling  |  | Multiple complete specimens  |  |

#### Macrosemiidae

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Histionotus[19]

H. oberndorferi[19]

| Kelheim  | Torleite Formation | Two incomplete specimens  |  |

Macrosemius[19]

M. rostratus[19]

| Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens  |  |
M. fourneti | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | One complete specimen  |  |

Notagogus[19]

N. decoratus[19]

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N. denticulatus

| Eichstätt, Schamhaupten, Painten, Brunn, Ettling?  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens  |  |
Palaeomacrosemius[20] | P. thiollieri | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

Propterus[19]

P. elongatus[19]

| Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

P. microstomus[19]

| Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens  |  |

Eusemius?[19]

E. beatae[19]

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Voelklichthys[21] | V. comitatus | Painten  | Torleite Formation | Singular specimen  |  |

### Dapediiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Heterostrophus[22]

H. latus[22]

| Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

### Halecomorphi

[edit]

#### Ionoscopidae

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Ainia[23] | A. agassizi | Brunn  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Altmuehlfuro[24] | A. boomerang |  |  |  |  |
Brachyichthys[25] | B. radiato-puncatus |  |  |  |  |
B. typicus |  |  |  |  |

Ionoscopus[25]

I. cyprinoides[25]

| Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
I. desori | Zandt  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

I. esocinus[25]

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I. münsteri[25]

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I. striatissimus[25]

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"Furo"[26] | "F." angustus | Solnhofen, Schamhaupten, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
"F." longiserratus | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Kelheim, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
"F." latimanus | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Ophiopsis[27] | O. muensteri | Kelheim, Brunn, Ettling  |  |  |  |
Ophiopsiella[27] | O. attenuata |  |  |  |  |
O. breviceps |  |  |  |  |
O. procera |  |  |  |  |
Schernfeldfuro[26] | S. uweelleri | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Zandtfuro[26] | Z. tischlingeri | Zandt  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

#### Amiiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Amblysemius[28] | A. bellicianus | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
A. pachyurus |  |  |  |  |
"A." granulatus | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Caturus[28] | C. furcatus | Kelheim, Solnhofen, Ettling, Wattendorf?  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
C. brevicostatus[29] | Kelheim, Eichstätt, Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
"C." macrurus | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
"C." latus | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
"C." granulatus | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
"C." ferox | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
"Furo"[30] | "F." microlepidotus | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Strobilodus[28] | S. giganteus | Painten  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Liodesmus[25] | L. gracilis | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation |  | Synonym of Caturus brevicostatus[29] |
Nasrinotoudehichthys[29] | N. sprattiformis | Zandt  | Painten Formation |  |  |
Lophiurus?  | L. minutus |  |  |  |  |
Amiopsis[25] | A. lepidota | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Solnhofenamia[25] | S. elongata | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

### Pleuropholidae

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Pleuropholis[31]

P. laevissima[31]

| Daiting, Painten  | Mörnsheim Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |

P. pompecki[31]

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P. wagneri[31]

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### Pachycormidae

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Asthenocormus[32]

A. titanius[32]

| Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |

Hypsocormus[32]

H. insignis[32]

| Obereichstätt, Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

H. macrodon[32]

|  |  |  |  |
Leedsichthys?  | L. sp |  |  |  |  |

Orthocormus[32]

O. cornutus[32]

| Birkhof, Blumenberg, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
O. roeperi | Brunn  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
O. teyleri? | Schamhaupten  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

Pseudoasthenocormus[33]

P. retrodorsalis[33]

| Langenaltheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Pachycormidae | Indeterminate  | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation | Giant skull fragment of a presumably 4 meter long pachycormid  |  |

Sauropsis[32]

S. longimanus[32]

| Eichstätt, Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

S. depressus[32]

| Blumenberg, Schernfeld, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Simocormus[34] | S. macrolepidotus | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

### Aspidorhynchidae

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Aspidorhynchus[35]

A. acutirostris[35]

| Eichstätt, Zandt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
A. ornatissimus |  |  |  |  |
A. sanzenbacheri | Ettling, Painten?  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Belonostomus[35] | B. kochi | Kelheim, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation?  |  |  |

B. muensteri[35]

| Daiting, Mühlheim, Solnhofen, Langenaltheim, Zandt, Schamhaupten  | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |

B. tenuirostris[35]

| Solnhofen, Zandt, Langenaltheim  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
B. speciosus | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
B. spyraenoides | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wintershof  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

### "Pholidophoridae"

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Ankylophorus[36]

Indeterminate.[36]

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Eurycormus[36]

E. speciosus[36]

| Eichstätt, Painten, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |

Pholidophoristion[36]

P. micronyx[36]

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P. ovatus[36]

| Ettling  |  |  |  |
"Pholidophorus"[36] |  |  |  |  |  |

"P." armatus[36]

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"P." diagonalis[36]

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"P." falcifer[36]

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"P." microps[36]

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"P." sculptus[36]

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"P." latimanus |  |  |  |  |
"P." latus |  |  |  |  |
"P." longiserratus |  |  |  |  |
"P." smilis |  |  |  |  |
Siemensichthys[37] | S. macrocephalus | Kapfelberg  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
S. siemensi | Schamhaupten  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

### Crossognathiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Bavarichthys | B. incognitus | Ettling  | Torleite Formation?  | Single complete skeleton  | The oldest record of a crossognathiform in Europe  |

### Ichthyodectiformes

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Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Allothrissops[38]

A. mesogaster[38]

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A. salmoneus[38]

| Eichstätt, Painten, brunn  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
Ascalabothrissops[39] | A. voelkli | Schamhaupten  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

Pachythrissops[38]

P. propterus[38]

| Kelheim, Zandt, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |

Thrissops[38]

T. formosus[38]

| Eichstätt, Kelheim, Mühlheim, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation, Mörnsheim Formation |  |  |

T. subovatus[38]

| Eichstätt, Kelheim, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation?  |  |  |

### Elopiformes

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Anaethalion[40] | "A." angustissimus | Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
A. angustus | Langenaltheim, Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
A. knorri |  |  |  |  |
A. subovatus |  |  |  |  |
A. zapporum | Schamhaupten  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Daitingichthys[40] | D. tischlingeri | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation |  |  |
Eichstaettia[40] | E. mayri | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Elopsomolos[39] | E. frickhingeri  | Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
E. sp 1  |  |  |  |  |
E. sp 2  |  |  |  |  |
E. sp 3  |  |  |  |  |

### Osteoglossomorpha

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Ascalabos[41] | A. voithii | Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Tischlingerichthys[42] | T. viohli |  |  |  |  |
Tharsis[43] | T. dubius | Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
T. elleri | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
T. sp | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Ebertichthys[41] | E. ettlingensis | Ettling  | Torleite Formation?  |  |  |

Leptolepides[44]

L. haerteisi[44]

| Zandt, Schamhaupten  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

L. sprattiformis[44]

| Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Kelheim, Langenaltheim, Schernfeld, Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation |  | Multiple Mass mortality plates of this species are known.

It represents the most common vertebrate of the Solnhofen limestone.

Orthogonikleithrus[44]

O. hoelli[44]

| Ettling  | Torleite Formation?  |  |  |

O. leichi[44]

| Ettling  | Torleite Formation?  |  |  |

### Coelacanths

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

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Coccoderma[45]

| C. bavaricum | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
C. gigas | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
C. suevicum |  |  |  |  |
C. nudum | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Libys[45] | L. polypterus | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
L. superbus | Zandt  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Undina[45] | U. acutidens | Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
U. penicillata | Kelheim, Painten, Wattendorf  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
Macropoma[45] | M. willemoesi | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

## Reptiles

[edit]

|  |

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Color key
| Taxon | Reclassified taxon | Taxon falsely reported as present | Dubious taxon or junior synonym | Ichnotaxon | Ootaxon | Morphotaxon

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|

| Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

### Lizards

[edit]

Name  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|

Ardeosaurus[46]

A. brevipes

Eichstätt

| Altmühltal Formation |  | Small Lepidosaur thought to be close to the base of Geckota[46] |

A. digitatellus

Solnhofen, Eichstätt

| Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

Bavarisaurus[46]

B. macrodactylus

Kelheim

| Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Palaeolacerta[46] | P. bavarica |  |  |  |  |

Eichstaettisaurus[46]

E. schroederi

Eichstätt

| Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Schoenesmahl[46] | S. dyspepsia  | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation |  | Bavariasaurid lizard that was found in the stomach of the Compsognathus Holotype[46] |

### Rhynchocephalians

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|

Homoeosaurus

H. maximillioni

Eichstätt, Painten, Schamhaupten, Kelheim

| Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
Sapheosaurus | S. laticeps | Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  | Large sapheosaurid reaching 70 cm in length, it may be semi-aquatic |
Sphenofontis[23] | S. velseraegen | Brunn  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Kallimodon | K. pulchellus | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  | Sapheosauridae |
Oenosaurus | O. muehlheimensis | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation |  | Rhynchocephalian with dentition unique among Tetrapods[47] |
Vadasaurus | V. herzogi | Painten  | Torleite Formation |  | Rhynchocephalian close to the base of Pleurosauridae[48] |
Piocormus | P. laticeps | Painten?  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

Pleurosaurus

P. goldfussi

Eichstätt, Langenaltheim, Painten, Mühlheim, Wattendorf

| Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation, Mörnsheim Formation |  |

Acrosaurus fischmanni is a synonym.[49]

### Ichthyosaurs

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|

Aegirosaurus[50]

A. leptospondylus

Eichstätt, Solnhofen[51]

| Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
A. sp[52] | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Ichthyosauria | Indeterminate  | Painten  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Ichthyosauria | Indeterminate  | Painten  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

"Ichthyosaurus"

"I." posthumus

Eichstätt, Kelheim, Solnhofen

| Altmühltal Formation |  |

Nomen dubium. Known only from isolated teeth.

Nannopterygius?  | N. sp | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation |  |  |

### Turtles

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|

Achelonia[53] | A. formosa  | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

Cyrtura

C. temnospondyla

Solnhofen

| Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

Eurysternum[54]

E. wagleri

Solnhofen, Kelheim, Painten, Wattendorf

| Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |

Idiochelys

I. fitzingeri

Eichstätt

| Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

Palaeomedusa[54]

P. testa

Kelheim, Eichstätt, Solnhofen

| Altmühltal Formation |  |

Eurysternum crassipes and Thalassemys marina are synonyms.

Platychelys

P. oberndorferi

Kelheim

| Altmühltal Formation |  | Platychelyid sea turtle  |

Solnhofia[55]

S. parsonsi

Eichstätt, Painten

| Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  |  |
Tropidemys[53] | T. langii | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation |  |  |
Thalassemys[56] | T. bruntrutana | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

### Crocodylomorphs

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|

Aeolodon[57] | A. priscus | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation | Two partial skeletons  | A teleosaur |

Alligatorellus[58]

A. bavaricus

Eichstätt, Kelheim, Painten

| Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | Partial skeleton[59] |

An atoposaurid

Atoposaurus[58] | A. oberndorferi | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  | An atoposaurid |
Cricosaurus[60] | C. albersdoerferi | Painten  | Torleite Formation | Complete skeleton preserving soft tissue  |  |
C. bambergensis | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation | One almost complete skeleton  |  |

C. elegans

Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Daiting

| Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | Skull and vertebrae (NHM 43005)[61]

Partial skull (NHM 37006[61])

A metriorhynchid

C. rauhuti | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | Partial 3D skull  |  |
Crocodilaemus | C. sp | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | Complete skeleton of a juvenile  |  |

Dakosaurus[62]

D. maximus

Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Schamhaupten, Painten, Kelheim

| Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Isolated teeth (JME-SOS4577, JME-SOS2535[61])[63] |

A metriorhynchid

Geosaurus[62]

G. giganteus

Solnhofen, Daiting

| Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | Skull and mandible (NHM 37020)[64]

Isolated tooth (NHM 37016)[64]

A metriorhynchid

G. grandis | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation |  |  |

Rhacheosaurus[62]

R. gracilis

Eichstätt, Zandt, Daiting

| Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation, Torleite Formation | Skull and skeleton (NHM R.3948)[64][61] |

A metriorhynchid

Machimosaurus | M. sp | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | Isolated teeth  |  |
"Steneosaurus"  | "S." jugleri |  |  |  |  |

### Dinosaurs

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Image

|
|
|
|
|
|

Archaeopteryx[65] | A. albersdoerferi[66] | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation | Parts of the skull and wings  |  |

A. siemensii[67]

Langenaltheim, Workerszell

| Altmühltal Formation |  |  |

A. lithographica[65]

Langenaltheim, Eichstätt

| Altmühltal Formation |  |  |
Alcmonavis[68] | A. poeschli | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | Partial wing  |  |

Compsognathus[65]

C. longipes[65]

Kelheim (Goldberg)

| Altmühltal Formation | Complete skeleton  | Stomach contents are preserved in the form of the lizard Schoenesmahl.

A second specimen of the genus is known from the French Canjuers Lagerstätte

Juravenator[69] | J. starki | Schamhaupten  | Torleite Formation | Single complete skeleton with soft tissue  |  |
Ostromia[70] | O. crassipes | Jachenhausen  | Torleite Formation | Partial limb bones  |  |
Sciurumimus[71] | S. albersdoerferi | Painten  | Torleite Formation | Complete skeleton of a juvenile preserving soft tissue  |  |

### Pterosaurs

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|

Aerodactylus

A. scolopaciceps

|  |  |  |

Formerly classified as a species of Pterodactylus, closely related to Ardeadactylus, Aurorazhdarcho, and Cycnorhamphus.[72]

Anurognathus

A. ammoni

|  |  | The holotype consists of a partial skeleton, while the second specimen is represented by a perfectly preserved juvenile including soft tissue.  |  |

Ardeadactylus

A. longicollum

|  |  | The holotype was destroyed in a WW2 air raid, but another more complete specimen is known from the Nusplingen limestone.  |

Formerly considered a species of Pterodactylus, it is more closely related to Gnathosaurus and Germanodactylus.[73]

Altmuehlopterus[74] | A. rhamphastinus |  |  |  |  |

Aurorazhdarcho[75]

A. micronyx

|  |  |  |  |
Bellubrunnus[76] | B. rothgaengeri | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | Single complete skeleton of a juvenile  |  |
Balaenognathus[77] | B. maeuseri | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

Ctenochasma

C. elegans

|  |  |  |

Originally classified as Pterodactylus elegans

C. gracile |  |  |  |  |
C. sp | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | Skull and two cervical vertebrae  |  |

Cycnorhamphus

C. suevicus

|  |  |  |

Originally classified as Pterodactylus suevicus.

This genus originally hails from the Nusplingen Limestone

Diopecephalus[74] | D. kochi |  |  |  |  |

Germanodactylus

G. cristatus

|  |  |  |

Originally classified as Pterodactylus cristatus

Gnathosaurus

G. subulatus

|  |  |  |  |
Gnathosaurinae[23] | Indeterminate  | Brunn  | Torleite Formation |  |  |

Pterodactylus

P. antiquus

|  |  |  | Only one species is currently supported as valid, the rest represent growth stages, often of other species, synonyms, or nomina dubia.[78] |
Petrodactyle[79] | P. wellnhoferi | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation |  |  |
Propterodactylus[80] | P. frankerlae | Ulmense  | Painten Formation[81] | A complete skeleton  | Notable for its transitional features between pterodactyloids and more basal monofenestratans |

Rhamphorhynchus[82]

R. muensteri

| Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Painten, Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation |  | Only one species is currently supported as valid, the rest represent growth stages, often of other species, synonyms, or nomina dubia.[82] |
"Rhamphodactylus"  | Indeterminate  | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation |  |  |

Scaphognathus[83]

S. crassirostris[83]

| Eichstätt, Mühlheim  | Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation |  | A Solnhofen genus erected in 1861 by J. A. Wagner when he recognized the rhamphorhynchoid nature of "Pterodactylus" crassirostris after the discovery of a specimen with a preserved tail.[83] The Solnhofen Limestone is the only known source of Scaphognathus fossils.[83]

S. crassirostris was originally named P. crassirostris in 1831 by August Goldfuss who mistook the tailless specimen for a new Pterodactylus species.[83]

Skiphosoura[84] | S. bavarica | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | Mostly complete disarticulated skeleton  | A large basal monofenstratan |

### Sauropterygia

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Material  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|

Pliosauridae[85] | Indeterminate  | Kelheim, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Isolated teeth of great size  |  |

## Echinodermata

[edit]

### Crinoids

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Liliocrinus[86] | L. sp |  |  |  |
Millericrinus[86] | M. mespiliformis |  |  |  |
M. nobilis |  |  |  |
Balanocrinus[86] | B. sigmaringensis |  |  |  |
B. subteres |  |  |  |
Pentacrinus[86] | P. cf. pentagonalis |  |  |  |
Comaturella[86] | C. pennata | Solnhofen, Zandt, Langenaltheimer Haardt  | Almtühltal Formation, Painten Formation |  |
C. formosa | Zandt  | Painten Formation |  |
Solanocrinites[86] | S. costatus |  |  |  |
S. gracilis |  |  |  |
S. imperialis |  |  |  |
Saccocoma[87] | S. pectinata |  |  | Saccocoma remains are the most common macroscopic fossils in the Solnhofen limestone.[87] |
S. tenella | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation |

### Ophiuroidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Geocoma[86] | G. carinata | Solnhofen, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation |  |
G. planata |  |  |  |
Ophiopetra[86] | O. lithographica | Kelheim, Hienheim  | Painten Formation |  |
Ophiurella[86] | O. speciosa | Solnhofen, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation |  |
Sinosura[86] | S. kelheimense | Hienheim, Ried, Kelheim  | Painten Formation |  |

### Asteroidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Archasteropecten[86] | A. elegans |  |  |  |
Lithaster[86] | L. jurassicus |  |  |  |
Pentasteria[86] | P. tithonica | Hienheim  | Painten Formation |  |
P. lithographica | Zandt  | Painten Formation |  |
Riedaster[86] | R. reicheli | Ried  | Painten Formation |  |
Terminaster[86] | T. cancriformis | Böhmfeld  | Altmühltal Formation |  |

### Echinoidea

[edit]

#### Cidaroidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Diplocidaris[86] | D. sp | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation |  |
Rhabdocidaris[86] | R. boehmi |  |  |  |
R. mayri |  |  |  |
R. orbignyana | Brunn, Painten  | Torleite Formation, Painten Formation |  |
R. trispinata |  |  |  |
R. sp | Painten  | Painten Formation |  |
Plegiocidaris[86] | P. blumenbachii |  |  |  |
P. sp |  |  |  |
Paracidaris[86] | P. sp |  |  |  |

#### Euechinoidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Diadematacea[86] | Indeterminate  |  |  |  |
Echinothurioidea[86] | Indeterminate  |  |  |  |
Polydiadema[86] | P. sp |  |  |  |
Diademopsis[86] | D. sp |  |  |  |
Hemipedina[86] | H. sp |  |  |  |
Pedina[86] | P. lithographica |  |  |  |
P. sp | Painten  | Painten Formation |  |
Phymopedina[86] | P. marchamensis | Painten  | Painten Formation |  |
P. sp |  |  |  |
Hemicidaris[86] | H. intermedia | Eichstätt, Zandt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation |  |
Acrocidaris[86] | A. sp  |  |  |  |
Diplopodia[86] | D. subangularis |  |  |  |
Pseudodiadema[86] | P. lithographica | Ried, Breitenhill  | Painten Formation |  |
P. pseudodiadema |  |  |  |
Tetragramma[86] | T. planissima | Painten  | Painten Formation |  |

#### Other Echinoids

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Phymosoma[86] | P. sp | Mörnsheim, Breitenhill  | Mörnsheim Formation, Painten Formation |  |
Pseudosalenia[86] | P. aspera | Brunn, Schamhaupten  | Painten Formation, Torleite Formation |  |
Pygaster[86] | P. sp |  |  |  |
Holectypus[86] | H. corallinus |  |  |  |
H. sp |  |  |  |
Kieripygurus[86] | K. jurensis |  |  |  |
Pygurus[86] | P. sp | Eichstätt, Kelheim, Schamhaupten, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation |  |
Nucleolites[86] | N. sp | Brunn, Kelheim  | Painten Formation, Torleite Formation |  |
Collyropsis[86] | C. carinata |  |  |  |
C. sp |  |  |  |
Stomechinus[86] | S. perlatus | Kapfelberg  | Altmühltal Formation?  |  |

### Holothuroidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Jumaraina[86] | J. sp |  |  |  |
Achistrum[86] | A. sp |  |  |  |
Hemisphaerantos[86] | H. sp |  |  |  |
Priscopedatus[86] | P. sp |  |  |  |
Synallactidae[86] | Indeterminate  |  |  |  |

## Molluscs

[edit]

### Bivalvia

[edit]

#### Protobranchia

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Nuculida?[86] | Indeterminate  |  |  |  |
Solemya[86] | S. sp | Pfalzpaint  | Altmühltal Formation | a solemyidan |

#### Autobranchia

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Modiolus[86] | M. sp |  |  | a mytilidan |
Arcomytilus[86] | A. furcatus | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | a mytilidan |
Lithophaga?[86] | L. sp |  |  | a mytilidan |
Grammatodon[86] | G. sp |  |  | an arcidan |
Pseudomytiloides[86] | P. sp |  |  | a pteriidan |
Bakevellia?[86] | B. sp |  |  | a pteriidan |
Gervillia?[86] | G. sp | Pfalzpaint  | Altmühltal Formation | a pteriidan |
Inoceramus[86] | I. sp | Eichstätt, Langenaltheim  | Altmühltal Formation | a pteriidan |
Pinna[86] | P. sp |  |  | a pteriidan |
Liostrea[86] | L. socialis | Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | an ostreidan |
L. roemeri | Daiting, Painten  | Mörnsheim Formation, Painten Formation | an ostreidan |
Actinostreon[86] | A. solitarium |  |  | an ostreidan |
Atreta[86] | A .sp | Langenaltheim  | Altmühltal Formation | a pectinidan |
Aulacomyella[86] | A. sp |  |  | a pectinidan |
Buchia[86] | B. tenuistriata | Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | a pectinidan |
Camptonectes?[86] | C. sp |  |  | a pectinidan |
Chlamys[86] | C. textoria |  |  | a pectinidan |
Cingentolium[86] | C. sp |  |  | a pectinidan |
Entolium[86] | E. sp | Zandt  | Painten Formation | a pectinidan |
Eopectens[86] | E. velatus | Blumenberg, Wegscheid, Kelheim  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | a pectinidan |
E. subtilis | Langenaltheim  | Altmühltal Formation | a pectinidan |
Plicatula[86] | P. sp  |  |  | a pectinidan |
Propeamussium[86] | P. nonarium |  |  | a pectinidan |
Radulopectens[86] | R. strictus |  |  | a pectinidan |
Spondylopecten[86] | S. sp |  |  | a pectinidan |
Plagiostoma[86] | P. phillipsi | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | a limid |
Pseudolimea[86] | P. sp |  |  | a limid |

### Cephalopods

[edit]

#### Nautiloidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Pseudaganides | P. franconicus | Solnhofen?  | Altmühltal Formation | a nautilid |
P. sp | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | a nautilid |
Pseudonautilus | P. sp | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | a nautilid |

#### Ammonoidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Phylloceras | P. serum | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation | a phylloceratid |
Glochiceras | G. cf. lens |  |  | a opellidid |
Streblites | S. sp | Eichstätt, Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation | a streblitinaen |
Fontannesiella | F. prolithographica | Solnhofen, Daiting, Mörnsheim  | Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | a taremelliceratinaen |
F. cf. franciscanum | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | a taremelliceratinaen |
F. cf. euglyptum | Langenaltheimer Haardt  | Altmühltal Formation | a taremelliceratinaen |
Lingulaticeras | L. planulatum |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
L. solenoides | Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | a taremelliceratinaen |
L. sp |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
Metahaploceras | M. acallopistum |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
M. rebouletianum |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
M. subnudatum |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
Neochetoceras | N. bous | Blumenberg, Birkhof  | Altmühltal Formation | a taremelliceratinaen |
N. mucronatum |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
N. praecursor |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
N. steraspis | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Hummelberg  | Atlmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | a taremelliceratinaen |
Paralingulaticeras | P. haeberleini |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
P. lithographicum | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | a taremelliceratinaen |
P. nodosum |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
P. percevali |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
Taramelliceras | T. hemipleurum |  |  | a taremelliceratinaen |
Aspidoceras | A. hoplisum | Solnhofen, Wegscheid  | Atlmühltal Formation | an aspidoceratid |
A .sp | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | an aspidoceratid |
Physodoceras | P. episoides |  |  | an aspidoceratid |
P. hermanni | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | an aspidoceratid |
P. nattheimense |  |  | an aspidoceratid |
P. pipini |  |  | an aspidoceratid |
Sutneria | S. apora | Birkhof, Wintershof  | Altmühltal Formation | an aspidoceratid |
S. bracheri |  |  | an aspidoceratid |
S. rebholzi |  |  | an aspidoceratid |
S. subeumela | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | an aspidoceratid |
S. sp |  |  | an aspidoceratid |
Hybonotella | H. mundula | Langenaltheimer Haardt  | Altmühltal Formation | an aspidoceratid |
Hybonoticeras | H. hybonotum | Solnhofen, Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation | an aspidoceratid |
H. pseudohybonotum |  |  | an aspidoceratid |
H. sp |  |  | an aspidoceratid |
Gravesia | G. gigas | Hienheim, Ried, Wegscheid  | Painten Formation | a perisphinctid |
G. sp |  |  | a perisphinctid |
Berckhemeria | B. cf. scherzingeri |  |  | a perisphinctid |
Virgataxioceras | V. setatum |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
V. supinum |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
V. sp |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
Euvirgalithacoceras | E. supremum | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Atlmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
E. eystettense | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
Hoelderia | H. sp | Wintershof  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
Lithacoceras | L. eigeltingense | Zandt  | Painten Formation | an ataxioceratid |
L. eystettense |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
L. cf. liptingense | Langenaltheimer Haardt  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
L. cf. riedense |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
L. cf. ulmense |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
L. sp | Schernfeld, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
Pseudodiscosphinctes | P. ardescicus |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
Silisphinctes | S. cf. russi | Zandt  | Painten Formation | an ataxioceratid |
S. sp | Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
Subplanites | S. moernsheimensis | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation | an ataxioceratid |
S. postrueppellianus | Solnhofen, Blumenberg, Wintershof, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
S. rueppellianus | Solnhofen, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
S. viohli | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
S. laisackerensis | Birkhof  | Altmühltal Formation | an ataxioceratid |
"Torquatisphinctes"  | "S". filiplex |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
"S". isolatus |  |  | an ataxioceratid |
Aulacostephanus | A. cf. subundorae | Painten  | Torleite Formation?, Painten Formation | an aulacostephanid |

#### Belemnoidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Acanthoteuthis | A. leichi |  |  | A belemnoteuthid |
A. speciosa | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Birkhof  | Altmühltal Formation | A belemnoteuthid |
Belemnoteuthis | B. mayri | Wintershof  | Altmühltal Formation | A belemnoteuthid |
Hibolithes | H. hasatus | Solnhofen, Breitenhill, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation, Torleite Formation | A mesohibolitidaen |
H. semisulcatus |  |  | A mesohibolitidaen |
Pavloviteuthis | P. kapitzkei | Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A belemnoid |
Rhaphibelus | R. acicula | Eichstätt. Blumenberg, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A belemnitidan |
Winkleriteuthis | W. problematicus | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A belemnoid |

#### Vampyromorpha

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Boreopeltis | B. sagittata | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | A plesioteuthid |
Engeseriteuthis[88] | E. arcuatus | Schamhaupten  | Painten Formation | A muensterelloid |
Plesioteuthis | P. prisca | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Wegscheid, Schamhaupten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A plesioteuthid |
P. subovata | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A plesioteuthid |
Senefelderiteuthis | S. tricarinata | Eichstätt, Daiting  | Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | A plesioteuthid |
Trachyteuthis[89] | T. hastiformis | Daiting, Painten, Eichstätt, Brunn  | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation, Torleite Formation | A trachyteuthid |
T. teudopsiformis | Blumenberg, Schamhaupten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A trachyteuthid |
Teudopsinia[90] | T. grossheidei | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A teudopseid |
Tyrionella[88] | T. fauseri | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A patelloctopodid |
Donovaniteuthis[86] | D. schoepfeli |  |  | A leptoteuthid possibly synonymous with Leptoteuthis |
Leptoteuthis[86] | L. gigas | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation | A leptoteuthid and the largest cephalopod known from the Solnhofen Limestone  |
Listroteuthis[88] | L. conica | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation | A muensterellid.

Holotype specimen destroyed during WW2

Bavaripeltis[86] | B. bavarica | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | A mastigophorid |
Doryanthes[86] | D. munsterii | Eichstätt, Blumenberg, Mörnsheim  | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation | A mastigophorid |
Palaeololigo[91] | P. albersdoerferi | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A palaeololiginid |
P. oblonga | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A palaeololiginid |
Celaenoteuthis[88] | C. incerta | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Birkscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A muensterelloid |
Muensterella[88] | M. scutellaris | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Wegscheid, Wintershof, Painten, Mörnsheim  | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A muensterellid |
M. spinosa | Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation | A muensterellid |

## Crustacea

[edit]

### Cirripedia

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Archaeolepas[86] | A. redtenbacheri | Ried, Hienheim, Kehlheim  | Painten Formation | Specimens of this Genus are often found in small groups attache to the ammonite Gravesius |
Eolepas[86] | E. quenstedti | Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation | This genus often occurs attached to the flanks of perisphinctid ammonites but it is also found attached to sponges of the genus Codites |
Martillepas("Pollicipes")[86] | M. holisi | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | Commonly found attached to ammonites |
Litholepas[92] | L. klausreschi | Blumenberg  | Altmühltal Formation | The species is based on 13 complete specimens attached to a sponge of the genus Codites |

### Malocastrata

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Sculda[86] | S. pennata | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Zandt, Öchselberg  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A stomatopod |
S. pusilla |  |  | A dubious species of stomatopod |
S. spinosa | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A stomatopod |
Spinosculda[86] | S. ehrlichi | Eichstätt, ´Zandt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A stomatopod |
Gigantosculda[93] | G. ehrlichfeckei | Blumenberg, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A stomatopod |
Tyrannosculda[94] | T. laurea | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A stomatopod |
Anthonema[86] | A. problematicum | Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | This species of krill is known from mass mortality plates  |
Elder[86] | E. ungulatus | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A glass shrimp |
Francocaris[95] | F. grimmi | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Zandt, Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation,Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A glass shrimp |
Naranda[86] | N. anomala | Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A glass shrimp |

### Isopoda

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Bopyridae[86] | Indeterminate  |  |  | Presence indicated by characteristic markings on the exoskeletons of other crustaceans[86] |
Brunnaega[86] | B. roeperi | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | A cymothoidid |
Brunnella[86] | B. rothgaengeri | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | A cymothoidid |
Palaega[86] | P. kunthi | Solnhofen, Schernfeld, Wegscheid, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A cymothoidid |
P. sp |  |  | A cymothoidid |
Schweglerella[86] | S. strobli | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | A sphaeromatid |
Urda[86] | U. rostrata | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | indeterminate isopod |
U. punctata | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | indeterminate isopod |
Niveotanais[86] | N. brunnensis | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | A tanadacean |

### Decapoda

[edit]

#### Penaeoidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Acanthochirana[86] | A. angulata | Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | An aegerid |
A. cordata | Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | An aegerid |
A. longipes | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | An aegerid |
Aeger[86] | A. elegans | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | An aegerid |
A. spinipes | Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Langenaltheim, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | An aegerid |
A. tipularius | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | An aegerid |
Epipenaeus(Carpopenaeus)[96] | E. peterbuergeri | Breitenhill  | Painten Formation | A carpopenaid |
Albertoppelia[97] | A. kuempeli | Eichstätt, Schamhaupten, Breitenhill  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
Antrimpos[86] | A. nonodon | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Breitenhill  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
A. speciosus | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
A. undenarius | Solnhofen, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
Bylgia[86] | "B." haeberleini |  |  | A penaeidid |
"B." hexadon |  |  | A penaeidid |
B. ruedeli[97] | Painten, Breitenhill  | Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
B. spinosa | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Breitenhill  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
B. anjobea | Breitenhill  | Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
Drobna[86] | D. deformis | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
Dusa[86] | D. denticulata | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A penaeidid |
D. monocera | Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Painten, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
D. reschi | Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A penaeidid |
Eystaettia[86] | E. intermedius | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wegscheid, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
Franconipenaeus[86] | F. meyeri | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A penaeidid |
Koelga[86] | K. curvirostris | Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
K. muensteri[97] | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A penaeidid |
Libanocaris[86] | L. annettae | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Breitenhill  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A penaeidid |
Pseudodusa[97] | P. frattigianii | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A penaeidid |

#### Caridae

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Schmelingia[86] | S. wulfi | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A palaeomonid |
Udora[86] | U. brevispina | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Zandt  | Alltmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A procaridoid |
U. koschnyi[97] | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A procaridoid |
Udorella[86] | U. agassizi | Kelheim  | Painten Formation | A procaridoid |
Harthofia[86] | H. bergeri | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A alvinocarid |
H. blumenbergi | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A alvinocarid |
H. polzi | Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A alvinocarid |
H. heidenreichetfauseri | Eichstätt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A alvinocarid |
Alcmonacaris[86] | A. winkleri | Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
Blaculla[86] | B. nikoides | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
B. sieboldi | Eichstätt, Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
B. haugi | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
B. felthausetsauteri[98] | Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
B. anjobea | Eichstätt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
Buergerocaris[97] | B. psittacoides | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A carid |
Ctenodusa | C. bronni | Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A carid |
Hefriga[86] | H. frischmanni | Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A carid |
H. proboscideawulfi[97] | Zandt  | Painten Formation | A carid |
H. norbertwinkleri | Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
H. rogerfrattigianii | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
H. serrata | Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Breitenhill  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A carid |
H. schlechtingerae | Eichstätt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
Pleopteryx[97] | P, kuempeli | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A carid |
Schernfeldia[86] | S. schweigerti | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
Occultocaris[98] | O. feckei | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A carid |
Palaeobresilia[99] | P. kurthetriegeri | Eichstätt, Schamhaupten  | Altmühltal Formation,Painten Formation | The oldest known member of the bresiloidea |

#### Astacidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Pseudastacus[100] | P. pustulosus | Eichstätt, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation | A stenochirid |
P. muensteri | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A stenochirid |
Stenochirus[100] | S. angustus | Zandt  | Painten Formation | A stenochirid |
S. mayeri | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Daiting  | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation | A stenochirid |
Malmuncina[101] | M. wulfi | Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A uncinid |

#### Glypheidea

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Eryma[102] | E. elongatum | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A erymid |
E. modestiforme | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A erymid |
E. punctatum | Eichstätt, Painten, Zandt, Breitenhill  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A erymid |
E. verrucosa | Eichstätt, Painten, Hienheim  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A erymid |
(Galicia)E. veltheimii | Painten, Kelheim  | Painten Formation | A erymid |
Erymastacus[102] | E. major | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A erymid |
Palaeastacus[102] | P. fuciformis | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A erymid |
P. poeschli | Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation | A erymid |
P. rothgaengerae | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | A erymid |
Pustulina[102] | P. minuta | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A erymid |
P. suevica | Eichstätt, Painten  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A erymid |
Stenodactylina[103] | S. devillezi | Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A erymid |
Gigacerina[86] | G. saemanni | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | A glypheid |
Glyphea[100] | G. jurensis | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | A glypheid |
G. pseudoscyllarus | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Painten, Zandt, Breitenhill  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A glypheid |
G. veltheimi | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | A glypheid |
G. viohli | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A glypheid |
G. nov. spec. (Type A)[86] | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Schernfeld  | Altmühltal Formation | A glypheid |
G. nov. spec. (Type B)[86] | Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A glypheid |
Glypheopsis[86] | G. tenuis | Painten, Zandt  | Painten Formation | A glypheid |
Squamosoglyphea[104] | S. redenbacheri |  |  | A glypheid |
S. squamosa | Kelheim  | Painten Formation | A glypheid |
S. rogeri |  |  | A glypheid |
Mecochirus[86] | M. longimanatus | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A mecochirid

M. bajeri and M. brevimanus represent females of M. longimanatus

#### Thalassinidae

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Aperiopyxis[86] | A. wulfetzergiebeli | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | a axiid?  |
Etallonia[86] | E. longimana | Solnhofen, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | a axiid?  |
E. hoellorum |  |  | a axiid?  |
E. raineralberti | Brunn  | Torleite Formation | a axiid?  |
Magila[86] | M. deformis |  |  | a axiid?  |
M. desmarestii | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | a axiid?  |
M. latimana | Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | a axiid?  |
Megachela[86] | M. frickhingeri | Eichstätt, Breitenhill  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | a axiid?  |
Reschia[86] | R. barbarea | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | indeterminate thalassinidaen |
Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Coleia[86] | C. longipes | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A coleiid |
Palaeopentacheles[100] | P. roettenbacheri | Eichstätt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A palaeopentachelid |
Cycleryon[100] | C. elongatus | Zandt, Breitenhill  | Painten Formation | A eryonid |
C. orbiculatus | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Painten, Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation,Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A eryonid

C. subrotundus is a juvenile of this species

C. propinquus | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A eryonid

C. spinimanus is a female form of this species

C. wulfi | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A eryonid |
Eryon[105] | E. cuvieri | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Langenaltheim  | Altmühltal Formation | A eryonid |
Adamanteryon | A. fourneti | Painten  | Painten Formation | A eryonid |
Knebelia[86] | K. bilobata | Eichstätt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A eryonid |
K. schuberti | Painten  | Painten Formation | A eryonid |
Rogeryon[106] | R. oppeli | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A eryonid |
Soleryon[107] | S. schorri | Wattendorf  | Torleite Formation | A eryonid |
S. sp | Zandt  | Painten Formation | A eryonid |
Palinurina[86] | P. longipes | Eichstätt, Wegscheid, Painten, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A palinurid

Phyllosoma is the larval form of this genus

P. tenera | Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A palinurid |
Phalangites[86] | P. priscus | Eichstätt, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | larvae of a palinurid |
Cancrinos[86] | C. claviger | Eichstätt, Langenaltheim, Painten, Mühlheim  | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A cancrinid |

#### Anomura

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Gastrosacus[108] | G. wetzleri | Schamhaupten  | Painten Formation | A galatheoidean |
Orthomalus[86] | O. deformis | Solnhofen, Eichstätt  | Altmühltal Formation | A hermit crab |
Paleopagurus[86] | P. sp | Schamhaupten  | Painten Formation | A hermit crab |

#### Brachyura

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Abyssophthalmus | A. mirus | Zandt  | Painten Formation | A longodromitid |
Goniodromites[86] | G. serratus | Painten, Schamhaupten, Breitenhill  | Painten Formation | A goniodromitid |
Pithonodon[86] | P. marginatum | Zandt  | Painten Formation | A goniodromitid |
Planoprosopon[86] | P. heydeni  | Schamhaupten  | Painten Formation | A longodromitid |

## Insects

[edit]

## Other Arthropods

[edit]

### Xiphosura

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Mesolimulus | M. walchi | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wegscheid, Kelheim, Ettling  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A limulid often found associated with Trackways  |

### Pantopoda

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Eurycide?[109] | E. golem | Unknown  | Altmühltal Formation | An Ascorhynchid |
Colossopantopodus[109] | C. nanus | Unknown  | Altmühltal Formation | A Colossendeidaen |

### Thylacocephalans

[edit]

Genus  | Species  | Locality  | Formation  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|

Clausocaris | C. lithographica | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A clausocarid |
Dollocaris | D. michelorum | Wegscheid  | Altmühltal Formation | A dollocarid |
Mayrocaris | M. bucculata | Solnhofen, Schernfeld, Zandt  | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | A dollocarid |
Falcatacaris | F. bastelbergeri | Solnhofen  | Altmühltal Formation | A thylacocephalan |

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Rauhut, O. W., Heyng, A. M., López-Arbarello, A., & Hecker, A. (2012). A new rhynchocephalian from the Late Jurassic of Germany with a dentition that is unique amongst tetrapods. PLoS ONE, 7(10): e46839.
2. ^ Schweigert, G. 2007. Ammonite biostratigraphy as a tool for dating Upper Jurassic lithographic limestones from South Germany – first results and open questions." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, 245(1): 117-125. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0245-0117
3. ^ Tyborowski, Daniel; Błażejowski, Błażej (December 2019). "New marine reptile fossils from the Late Jurassic of Poland with implications for vertebrate faunas palaeobiogeography". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 130 (6): 741–751\. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2019.09.004.741-751&rft.date=2019-12&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.pgeola.2019.09.004&rft.aulast=Tyborowski&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Błażejowski,+Błażej&rft_id=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016787819301063&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Paleobiota+of+the+Solnhofen+Limestone" class="Z3988">
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### General

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* Lambers, P. H. (1999). The actinopterygian fish fauna of the Late Kimmeridgian and Early Tithonian 'Plattenkalke' near Solnhofen (Bavaria, Germany): state of the art. Geologie en Mijnbouw 78:215-229.