Pallor

Pale skin caused by low levels of oxyhaemoglobin

"Pallid" redirects here. For the Antarctic mountain, see Pallid Peak. For the Antarctic ridge, see Pallid Crest.

This article is missing information about detection in people with dark skin. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (December 2020)

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Medical condition

Pallor

A girl with circumoral pallor due to scarlet fever
Specialty| Hematology, Rheumatology, Dermatology
Differential diagnosis| Hypopigmentation

Pallor is a pale color of the skin that can be caused by illness, emotional shock or stress, stimulant use, or anemia, and is the result of a reduced amount of oxyhaemoglobin and may also be visible as pallor of the conjunctivae of the eyes on physical examination.

Pallor is more evident on the face and palms. It can develop suddenly or gradually, depending on the cause. It is not usually clinically significant unless it is accompanied by a general pallor (pale lips, tongue, palms, mouth and other regions with mucous membranes). It is distinguished from similar presentations such as hypopigmentation (lack or loss of skin pigment) or simply a fair complexion.

## Causes

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Portrait of Richard Parkes Bonington by Margaret Sarah Carpenter. Bonington was suffering from tuberculosis and the paleness of his face was noted by critics.

* migraine attack or headache[1]
* excess estradiol and/or estrone
* osteoporosis
* emotional response, due to fear, embarrassment, grief, rage[2]
* anorexia
* anemia,[3] due to blood loss, poor nutrition, or underlying disease such as sickle cell anemia
* iron deficiency
* vitamin B12 deficiency[4]
* shock, a medical emergency caused by illness or injury
* acute compartment syndrome
* frostbite
* common cold
* cancer[5]
* hypoglycaemia[6]
* bradycardia
* panic attack
* medications
* ketorolac
* amphetamines
* ethanol
* cannabis
* lead poisoning
* motion sickness[7]
* heart disease
* Peripheral vascular disease
* hypothyroidism
* hypopituitarism
* scurvy
* tuberculosis
* sleep deprivation
* pheochromocytoma
* squeamishness
* visceral larva migrans
* Orthostatic hypotension
* methyldopa
* loss of appetite
* Space adaptation syndrome
* fibromyalgia
* Buerger's disease
* Hypovolemia

## References

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1. ^ Gupta, V. K. (19 August 2004). "Conceptual divide between adaptive and pathogenetic phenomena in migraine: nausea and vomiting". Brain. 127 (11): E18. doi:10.1093/brain/awh279. PMID 15492109. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
2. ^ Drummond, Peter D. (October 1997). "Correlates of facial flushing and pallor in anger-provoking situations". Personality and Individual Differences. 23 (4): 575–582\. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00077-9.575-582&rft.date=1997-10&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00077-9&rft.aulast=Drummond&rft.aufirst=Peter+D.&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Pallor" class="Z3988">
3. ^ Kalantri, Ashwini; Karambelkar, Mandar; Joshi, Rajnish; Kalantri, Shriprakash; Jajoo, Ulhas (1 January 2010). "Accuracy and Reliability of Pallor for Detecting Anaemia: A Hospital-Based Diagnostic Accuracy Study". PLOS ONE. 5 (1): e8545. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.8545K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008545. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2797134. PMID 20049324.
4. ^ Mishra, Vikas A.; Harbada, Rishit; Sharma, Akhilesh (2015). "Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D Deficiencies: An Unusual Cause of Fever, Severe Hemolytic Anemia and Thrombocytopenia". Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 4 (1): 145–148\. doi:10.4103/2249-4863.152276. ISSN 2249-4863. PMC 4366991. PMID 25811010.145-148&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4366991#id-name=PMC&rft.issn=2249-4863&rft_id=info:pmid/25811010&rft_id=info:doi/10.4103/2249-4863.152276&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=Vikas+A.&rft.au=Harbada,+Rishit&rft.au=Sharma,+Akhilesh&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4366991&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Pallor" class="Z3988">
5. ^ Fragkandrea, Ioanna; Nixon, John Alexander; Panagopoulou, Paraskevi (1 August 2013). "Signs and Symptoms of Childhood Cancer: A Guide for Early Recognition". American Family Physician. 88 (3): 185–192\. PMID 23939697. Retrieved 14 October 2022.185-192&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft_id=info:pmid/23939697&rft.aulast=Fragkandrea&rft.aufirst=Ioanna&rft.au=Nixon,+John+Alexander&rft.au=Panagopoulou,+Paraskevi&rft_id=https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0801/p185.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Pallor" class="Z3988">
6. ^ Poterucha, Joseph T.; Bos, J. Martijn; Cannon, Bryan C.; Ackerman, Michael J. (1 August 2015). "Frequency and severity of hypoglycemia in children with beta-blocker–treated long QT syndrome". Heart Rhythm. 12 (8): 1815–1819\. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.04.034. ISSN 1547-5271. PMID 25929701. Retrieved 14 October 2022.1815-1819&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.issn=1547-5271&rft_id=info:pmid/25929701&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.04.034&rft.aulast=Poterucha&rft.aufirst=Joseph+T.&rft.au=Bos,+J.+Martijn&rft.au=Cannon,+Bryan+C.&rft.au=Ackerman,+Michael+J.&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.04.034&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Pallor" class="Z3988">
7. ^ Holmes, Sharon; King, Stuart; Scott, J. R. Rollin; Clemes, Stacy (2002). "Facial Skin Pallor Increases During Motion Sickness". Journal of Psychophysiology. 16 (3): 150–157\. doi:10.1027//0269-8803.16.3.150. Retrieved 14 October 2022.150-157&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info:doi/10.1027//0269-8803.16.3.150&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.au=King,+Stuart&rft.au=Scott,+J.+R.+Rollin&rft.au=Clemes,+Stacy&rft_id=https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2002-06470-002.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Pallor" class="Z3988"> `{{cite journal}}`: External link in ``|doi=`` (help)

## External links

[edit]

Classification|

* ICD-10: R23.1
* ICD-9-CM: 782.61
* MeSH: D010167

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External resources|

* MedlinePlus: 003244

* v
* t
* e

Signs and symptoms relating to skin and subcutaneous tissue

Disturbances of
skin sensation|

* Hypoesthesia
* Paresthesia
* Formication
* Hyperesthesia

* Hypoalgesia
* Hyperalgesia

Circulation|

* Cyanosis
* Pallor
* Livedo
* Livedo reticularis
* Flushing
* Petechia
* Blanching

Edema|

* Peripheral edema
* Anasarca

Other|

* Rash
* Desquamation
* Induration
* Diaphoresis
* Mass
* Neck mass

Skin|

* Asboe-Hansen sign
* Auspitz's sign
* Borsari's sign
* Braverman's sign
* Crowe sign
* Dennie–Morgan fold
* Darier's sign
* Fitzpatrick's sign
* Florid cutaneous papillomatosis

* Gottron's sign
* Hutchinson's sign
* Janeway lesion
* Kerr's sign
* Koebner's phenomenon
* Koplik's spots
* Leser-Trelat sign
* Nikolsky's sign
* Pastia's sign
* Russell's sign
* Wickham striae
* Wolf's isotopic response
* Munro's microabscess

Nails|

* Aldrich-Mees' lines
* Beau's lines
* Muehrcke's lines
* Terry's nails

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