Parsons v. United States

1897 United States Supreme Court case

Parsons v. United States

Supreme Court of the United States

Argued April 8–9, 1897
Decided May 24, 1897
Full case name| Parsons v. United States
Citations| 167 U.S. 324 (more)

Holding
An officer of the United States appointed for a fixed term is a limit on the duration the officer may hold their position before being reappointed, not a limit on the President's ability to remove such officer before the term has expired.
Court membership

Chief Justice
Melville Fuller
Associate Justices
Stephen J. Field * John M. Harlan
Horace Gray * David J. Brewer
Henry B. Brown * George Shiras Jr.
Edward D. White * Rufus W. Peckham
Case opinion
Majority| Peckham, joined by unanimous
Laws applied
U.S. Const. art. II, § 2, cl. 2

Parsons v. United States, 167 U.S. 324 (1897), was a decision of the United States Supreme Court concerning the Appointments Clause.

## References

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## External links

[edit]

* Text of Parsons v. United States, 167 U.S. 324 (1897) is available from: Cornell Justia

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Parsons v. United States

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United States Appointments Clause case law

Appointment of Officers

* Marbury v. Madison (1803)
* United States v. Le Baron (1856)
* Mimmack v. United States (1878)
* United States v. Corson (1885)
* United States v. Eaton (1898)
* Quackenbush v. United States (1900)
* United States v. Smith (1932)
* NLRB v. SW General, Inc. (2017)
* Ortiz v. United States (2018)
* FOMBPR v. Aurelius Investment, LLC (2020)

| Officers vs. Employees|

* United States v. Hartwell (1867)
* United States v. Mouat (1888)
* United States v. Smith (1888)
* Auffmordt v. Hedden (1890)
* Burnap v. United States (1920)

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Inferior Officers|

* United States v. Germaine (1878)
* Ex parte Siebold (1879)
* Freytag v. Commissioner (1991)
* Edmond v. United States (1997)
* Lucia v. SEC (2018)
* United States v. Arthrex, Inc. (2021)

Recess Appointments|

* NLRB v. Noel Canning (2014)

Challenges to Appointments|

* Ryder v. United States (1995)
* Carr v. Saul (2021)

Appointments by Congress|

* Shoemaker v. United States (1893)
* Springer v. Government of the Philippine Islands (1928)
* Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
* MWAA v. CAAN (1991)
* Weiss v. United States (1994)

Removal of Officers

* Ex parte Hennen (1839)
* Blake v. United States (1880)
* Crenshaw v. United States (1890)
* McAllister v. United States (1891)
* Keim v. United States (1900)
* Reagan v. United States (1901)
* Shurtleff v. United States (1903)

| Limits on Removal Power|

* United States v. Perkins (1886)
* Parsons v. United States (1897)
* Myers v. United States (1926)
* Humphrey's Executor v. United States (1936)
* Wiener v. United States (1958)
* Morrison v. Olson (1988)
* Free Enterprise Fund v. PCAOB (2010)
* Selia Law v. CFPB (2020)
* Collins v. Yellen (2021)

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Removal by Congress|

* Bowsher v. Synar (1986)

Jurisdiction stripping

* Thunder Basin Coal Co. v. Reich (1994)
* Free Enterprise Fund v. PCAOB (2010)
* Elgin v. Department of Treasury (2012)
* Axon Enterprise, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission (2023)

Ratification

* FEC v. NRA Political Victory Fund (1994)

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