Pennsylvania College Cases

1871 United States Supreme Court case

Trustees of Jefferson College in Canonsburg v. Washington and Jefferson College

Supreme Court of the United States

Decided December 1, 1871
Full case name| Trustees of Jefferson College in Canonsburg v. Washington and Jefferson College
Citations| 80 U.S. 190 (more)

13 Wall. 190; 20 L. Ed. 550; 1871 U.S. LEXIS 1330;

Court membership

Chief Justice
Salmon P. Chase
Associate Justices
Samuel Nelson · Nathan Clifford
Noah H. Swayne · Samuel F. Miller
David Davis · Stephen J. Field
William Strong · Joseph P. Bradley
Case opinion
Majority| Clifford, joined by  unanimous

The main buildings at Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania as they appeared ca. 1850

Old Main and McMillan Hall at Washington College in Washington, Pennsylvania as they appeared ca. 1850.
These buildings would be part of the unified Washington & Jefferson College; Old Main would later be adorned with two spires to symbolize the union.

The Pennsylvania College Cases, also known as Trustees of Jefferson College in Canonsburg v. Washington and Jefferson College, was a United States Supreme Court case that was decided in 1871.[1] Justice Nathan Clifford wrote the opinion, ruling in favor of Washington & Jefferson College.[1]

In 1865, two colleges in Washington County, Pennsylvania, Jefferson College in Canonsburg and Washington College in Washington merged to form Washington & Jefferson College, which maintained two campuses, one in each of the towns.[2]

That arrangement failed, and in 1869, the trustees voted to consolidate the two campuses in Washington.[3]

Shortly thereafter, a number of Canonsburg residents and dissident trustees of Jefferson College sued, claiming that the consolidation was unconstitutional.[1] They argued that the original 1802 charter for Jefferson College had been illegally usurped in the process.[1] Specifically, they argued that the provision in the Jefferson College Charter that it "shall not be altered or alterable by any ordinance or law of the said trustees, nor in any other manner than by an act of the legislature of the Commonwealth" prohibited such a move.[4] Their lawsuit went to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. It ruled, on January 3, 1870, that the consolidation had been done in a legal manner.[1][5] The Jefferson College partisans appealed to the United States Supreme Court, saying that the consolidation had been contrary to the United States Constitution.[1] The court ruled otherwise, and upheld the consolidation in a December 1871 opinion written by Justice Nathan Clifford.[1][6]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g Coleman, Helen Turnbull Waite (1956). Banners in the Wilderness: The Early Years of Washington and Jefferson College. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 155–156. OCLC 2191890.
2. ^ Coleman, Helen Turnbull Waite (1956). Banners in the Wilderness: The Early Years of Washington and Jefferson College. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 143–149. OCLC 2191890.
3. ^ Coleman, Helen Turnbull Waite (1956). Banners in the Wilderness: The Early Years of Washington and Jefferson College. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 149–155. OCLC 2191890.
4. ^ McClain, Emlin (1909). "Protection to Contracts and Property - Pennsylvania College Cases". A selection of cases on constitutional law (2 ed.). Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. p. 1013.
5. ^ Thompson, James (1870). Pennsylvania College Cases . Supreme Court of Pennsylvania – via Wikisource.
6. ^ Clifford, Nathan (1871). Pennsylvania College Cases . United States Supreme Court – via Wikisource.

## Further reading

[edit]

Walayat, Aaron J. (2021). "The Pennsylvania College Cases: 150 Years Later". The Pennsylvania Bar Association Quarterly. 92 (4): 198–211.

## External links

[edit]

* Works related to Pennsylvania College Cases at Wikisource
* Text of Pennsylvania College Cases, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 190 (1871) is available from: Justia Library of Congress OpenJurist

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