Perdiccas I of Macedon

King of Macedonia

Perdiccas I

Tetradrachm of Aigai - old Macedonian royal capital Aigai, founded by Perdikkas I

King of Macedonia
Reign| c. 653-623 BC
Predecessor| Disputed:
Caranus (legendary)
Tyrimmas (legendary)
Successor| Argaeus I

Spouse| unknown
Issue| Argaeus I
Dynasty| Argead
Father| Disputed:
Caranus (legendary)
Tyrimmas (legendary)
Mother| unknown

Perdiccas I (Greek: Περδίκκας, romanized: Perdíkkas) was king[a] of the kingdom of Macedonia. By allowing thirty years for the span of an average generation from the beginning of Archelaus' reign in 413 BC, British historian Nicholas Hammond estimated that Perdiccas ruled around 653 BC.[3]

There are two separate historical traditions describing the foundation of the Argead dynasty. The earlier, documented by Herodotus and Thucydides in the fifth century BC, records Perdiccas as the first king of Macedonia.[4][5] The later tradition first emerged sometime at the beginning of the fourth century BC and claimed that Caranus, rather than Perdiccas, was the founder.[6] Aside from Satyrus, who adds Coenus and Tyrimmas to the list, Marsyas of Pella, Theopompos, and Justin all agree that Caranus was Perdiccas' father.[7] Furthermore, Plutarch claimed in his biography of Alexander the Great that all of his sources agreed that Caranus was the founder.[8] This unhistorical assertion is rejected by modern scholarship as Argead court propaganda, possibly intended to diminish the significance of the name 'Perdiccas' in rival family branches following Amyntas III accession.[3][6][7][9]

Herodotus stated:

> "From Argos fled to the country of the Illyrians three brothers of the descendants of Temenus, Gauanes, Aeropus, and Perdiccas; and passing over Illyria from the mountains they came into the upper parts of Macedonia to the city of Lebaea."[10] "Now that these descendants of Perdiccas are Greeks, as they themselves say, I myself chance to know and will prove it in the later part of my history."[11]

## References[edit]

### Notes[edit]

1. ^ While Greeks such as Demosthenes and Aristotle referred to them as such, there is no evidence that any Macedonian ruler prior to Alexander III used an official royal title (basileus).[1][2]

### Citations[edit]

1. ^ Errington, R.M. (1974). "Macedonian 'Royal Style' and Its Historical Significance". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 94: 20 - via JSTOR.
2. ^ King, Carol (2010). "Macedonian Kingship and Other Political Institutions". In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 375.
3. ^ a b N.G.L., Hammond; Griffith, G.T. (1979). A History of Macedonia Volume II: 550-336 B.C. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 4–5.
4. ^ Herodotus. "The Histories". Translated by Godley, A. D. (1920) Harvard University Press, 8.137.
5. ^ Thucydides. "The Peloponnesian War". Translated by Crawley, Richard (1910) J. M. Dent & E. P. Dutton, 2.100.2.
6. ^ a b Greenwalt, William (1985). "The Introduction of Caranus into the Argead King List". Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies. 26 (1): 43–49.
7. ^ a b Sprawski, Sławomir (2010). "The Early Temenid Kings to Alexander I". In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 128-129.
8. ^ Plutarch. "Alexander". Translated by Perrin, Bernadotte (1919) Harvard University Press, 2.1.
9. ^ Eder, Walter; Renger, Johannes, eds. (2006). Chronologies of the Ancient World: Names, Dates, and Dynasties. Boston: Brill. pp. 188–190.
10. ^ Herodotus, The Histories, 8.137–139
11. ^ Herodotus, The Histories, 5.22.1

Perdiccas I of Macedon

Argead dynasty

Regnal titles
Preceded by

possibly Tyrimmas

|  King of Macedon
c. 653 BC | Succeeded by

Argaeus I

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Kings of Macedon

Legendary|

* Caranus
* Coenus
* Tyrimmas

Vergina Sun

Argead dynasty|

* Perdiccas I
* Argaeus I
* Philip I
* Aeropus I
* Alcetas
* Amyntas I
* Alexander I
* Perdiccas II
* Archelaus
* Orestes
* Aeropus II
* Amyntas II
* Pausanias
* Amyntas III
* Argaeus II
* Alexander II
* Ptolemy of Aloros
* Perdiccas III
* Amyntas IV
* Philip II
* Alexander III (the Great)
* Philip III
* Alexander IV

Antipatrid dynasty|

* Cassander
* Philip IV
* Antipater I
* Alexander V

Dynastic conflict|

* Demetrius I
* Pyrrhus
* Lysimachus
* Ptolemy Ceraunus
* Meleager
* Antipater II
* Sosthenes
* Antigonus II
* Pyrrhus

Antigonid dynasty|

* Antigonus II
* Demetrius II
* Antigonus III
* Philip V
* Perseus

Post-Conquest Rebel Kings|

* Andriscus
* Pseudo-Alexander
* Pseudo-Philip/Pseudo-Perseus
* Euephenes

Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics.

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