Persian Psalms

1927 poetry book by Muhammad Iqbal

Zabur-i-Ajam (زبور عجم, Persian Psalms) is a philosophical poetry book, written in Persian, of Allama Iqbal, the great poet-philosopher of the Indian subcontinent. It was published in 1927.

Allama Dr Muhammad Iqbal

## Introduction

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Zabur-i Ajam includes the mathnavi Gulshan-i Raz-i Jadid and Bandagi Nama. There are four sections. The first two are sequences of ghazals in the classical form and the other two are single long poems. Iqbal forcefully expresses his inner convictions and urges the reader to advance himself to achieve progress and prosperity by discovering and strengthening the self.

The first of the two longer poems is the Gulshan-i Raz-i Jadid (گلشن راز جدید, "New Garden of Mysteries"). It alludes to the Gulshan-i Raz, the treatise on Sufism written in Persian verse by Sa'd ad-Din Mahmud Shabistari. Here Iqbal poses and answers nine questions on philosophical problems such as the nature of discursive thought, of the self, and of the relation between the eternal and the temporal.

The subject of the second poem, the Bandagi Nama (بندگی‌نامه, "Book of Servitude") is the loss of freedom, particularly spiritual freedom, of an individual or society, and its consequent evils. It is divided into several sections and touches on the music and other arts of enslaved people, their religious tenets and the art of reconstructing free men.

In Zabur-i Ajam, Iqbal's Persian ghazal is at its best as his Urdu ghazal is in Bal-i Jibril. Here as in other books, Iqbal insists on remembering the past, doing well in the present and preparing for the future. His lesson is that one should be dynamic, full of zest for action and full of love and life. Implicitly, he proves that there is no form of poetry which can equal the ghazal in vigour and liveliness.

## See also

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* Index of Muhammad Iqbal–related articles
* Payam-i-Mashriq
* Javid Nama
* Pas Chih Bayad Kard ay Aqwam-i-Sharq
* Bang-e-Dara
* Bal-e-Jibril
* Asrar-i-Khudi
* Rumuz-e-Bekhudi
* Zarb-i-Kalim
* Armaghan-i-Hijaz
* Zabur
* Ajam

## External links

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* Read Online at Iqbal Academy site
* Read Online at Iqbal cyber library
* Read English translation by Arthur J. Arberry & Bashir Ahmad Dar at Iqbal Academy site

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Muhammad Iqbal

Family|

* Javed Iqbal (son)
* Nasira Iqbal (daughter-in-law)
* Yousuf Salahuddin (maternal grandson)
* Waleed Iqbal (paternal grandson)

Prose|

* The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam
* The Development of Metaphysics in Persia
* Ilm Al-Iqtisad

Poetry|

* Asrar-i-Khudi ("The Secrets of the Self")
* Rumuz-i-Bekhudi ("The Secrets of Selflessness")
* Payam-i-Mashriq ("Message from the East")
* Bang-i-Dara ("The Call Of The Marching Bell")
* Zabur-i-Ajam ("Persian Psalms")
* Javid Nama
* Bal-i-Jibril ("Gabriel's Wing")
* Zarb-i-Kalim ("The Rod of the Moses")
* Pas Chih Bayad Kard ("What Should Then Be Done O People of the East")
* Armaghan-i-Hijaz ("Gift from Hijaz")
* Sare Jahan se Accha
* Lab Pe Aati Hai Dua
* Shikwa and Jawab-e-Shikwa
* Iblees Ki Majlis-e-Shura

Ideas|

* Concept of Khudi
* Political philosophy
* Educational philosophy
* Madani–Iqbal debate
* Allahabad Address

Scholars|

* Annemarie Schimmel
* Arthur J. Arberry
* R. A. Nicholson
* Javid Iqbal
* Muhammad Munawwar
* more

Related topics|

* Bibliography
* Iqbal Academy
* Iqbal Day
* Iqbal Manzil
* Iqbal Review
* Pakistan Movement (Allahabad Address)
* Tomb
* Works

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