Peter Pan (1953 film)

1953 animated Disney film

Peter Pan

Theatrical release poster

Directed by|

* Hamilton Luske
* Clyde Geronimi
* Wilfred Jackson

Story by|

* Ted Sears
* Erdman Penner
* Bill Peet
* Winston Hibler
* Joe Rinaldi
* Milt Banta
* Ralph Wright
* Bill Cottrell

Based on| Peter and Wendy
by J. M. Barrie
Produced by| Walt Disney
Starring|

* Bobby Driscoll
* Kathryn Beaumont
* Hans Conried
* Bill Thompson
* Heather Angel
* Paul Collins
* Tommy Luske
* Candy Candido

Narrated by| Tom Conway
Edited by| Donald Halliday
Music by| Oliver Wallace

Production
company

Walt Disney Productions

Distributed by| RKO Radio Pictures

Release date

* February 5, 1953 (1953-02-05)

Running time

| 77 minutes
Country| United States
Language| English
Budget| $4 million[1]
Box office| $87.4 million (United States and Canada)[1]

Peter Pan is a 1953 American animated adventure fantasy film produced in 1952 by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Radio Pictures. Based on J. M. Barrie's 1904 play Peter Pan, or the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up, the film was directed by Hamilton Luske, Clyde Geronimi, and Wilfred Jackson. Featuring the voices of Bobby Driscoll, Kathryn Beaumont, Hans Conried, and Bill Thompson, the film's plot follows Wendy Darling and her two brothers, who meet the never-growing-up Peter Pan and travel with him to the island of Never Land to stay young, where they also have to face Peter's archenemy, Captain Hook.

In 1935, Walt Disney began considering plans to adapt Barrie's play into an animated feature. He purchased the film rights from Paramount Pictures in 1938, and began preliminary development in the next year. However, following the attack on Pearl Harbor, Disney shelved the project when his studio was contracted by the United States government to produce training and war propaganda films. The project sat idle in development for the rest of the decade until it experienced a turnaround in 1949. To assist the animators, live-action reference footage was shot with actors on soundstages. It also marked the last Disney film in which all nine members of Disney's Nine Old Men worked together as directing animators.

Peter Pan was released on February 5, 1953, becoming the final Disney animated feature released through RKO before Disney founded his own distribution company. The film was entered into the 1953 Cannes Film Festival,[2] Upon its release, the film earned positive reviews from film critics and was a box office success. Its representation of the Native Americans received retrospective criticism.

A sequel, titled Return to Never Land, was released in 2002, and a series of direct-to-DVD prequels focusing on Tinker Bell began in 2008. A live-action adaptation of the film was released on Disney+ in 2023.

## Plot[edit]

In Edwardian London, George and Mary Darling's preparations to attend a party are disrupted by the antics of their boys, John and Michael, who are acting out a Peter Pan story told them by their elder sister Wendy. An irritated George demands that Wendy drop the stories and move out of the nursery, since "sooner or later, people have to grow up". Later that night, Peter himself arrives in the nursery to find his lost shadow. He persuades Wendy to come to Never Land, where she will never have to grow up, and she and the boys fly there with the begrudging help of the pixie Tinker Bell.

A ship of pirates is anchored off Never Land, led by Captain Hook and his first mate, Mr. Smee. Hook wants revenge on Peter for cutting off his hand, but fears the crocodile which consumed the hand, knowing it is eager to eat the rest of him. When Pan and the Darlings arrive, Hook shoots at them with a cannon, and Peter sends the Darlings off to safety while he baits the pirates. Tinker Bell, who is jealous of Pan's attention to Wendy, convinces the Lost Boys that Pan has ordered them to shoot down Wendy. Tinker Bell's treachery is soon found out, and Peter banishes her. John and Michael set off with the Lost Boys to find the island's Natives; however, the Natives capture the group, believing them to be responsible for taking the chief's daughter, Tiger Lily.

Meanwhile, Peter takes Wendy to see the mermaids, who flee in terror when Hook arrives on the scene. Peter and Wendy see that Hook and Smee have captured Tiger Lily, to force her to disclose the location of Peter's hideout. Peter frees Tiger Lily and returns her to the Chief, and the tribe honors Peter. Meanwhile, Hook takes advantage of Tinker Bell's jealousy of Wendy, tricking the fairy into revealing Peter's secret hideout instead.

Wendy and her brothers eventually grow homesick and plan to return to London. They invite Peter and the Lost Boys to join them and be adopted by the Darlings. The Lost Boys agree, but Peter does not want to grow up and refuses. The pirates lie in wait, and capture the Lost Boys and the Darlings as they exit the lair, leaving behind a time bomb to kill Peter. Tinker Bell learns of the plot, just in time to snatch the bomb from Peter as it explodes.

Peter rescues Tinker Bell from the rubble, and together they rescue Wendy, confronting the pirates, and releasing the children before they can walk the plank. Peter engages Hook in combat as the children fight off the crew, and defeats him. Hook falls into the sea and swims away, pursued by the crocodile. Peter commandeers the deserted ship and, assisted by Tinker Bell's pixie dust, flies it to London with the children aboard.

George and Mary Darling return home and find Wendy sleeping at the nursery's open window. Wendy awakens and excitedly tells about their adventures. The parents look out the window and see what appears to be a pirate ship in the clouds. George, who has softened his position about Wendy staying in the nursery, recognizes the ship from his own childhood.

## Voice cast[edit]

Main article: Characters of Peter Pan

* Bobby Driscoll as Peter Pan,[3] a cocky and adventurous leader of the Lost Boys of Never Land, who never grows up.[4] He is frequently accompanied by his best friend, the hot-headed pixie Tinker Bell.
* Kathryn Beaumont as Wendy Darling,[5] the imaginative and caring eldest of the Darling children, who loves to tell the stories about Peter and his adventures.
* Hans Conried as Captain Hook,[6] a ruthless and obsessive pirate captain who seeks revenge on Peter for having his left hand chopped off and fed to the Crocodile in a battle.[7]
* Continuing the tradition of the stage play, Conried also voices George Darling,[6] the Darling children's strict and short-tempered, but loving father and Mary's husband.
* Bill Thompson as Mr. Smee,[8] Hook's meek and loyal first mate and personal assistant.[7]
* Thompson also voiced several members of Hook's pirate crew.[9]
* Heather Angel as Mary Darling,[8] the Darling children's calm and gentle mother and George's wife, who is more understanding of Wendy's stories than her husband, even though she takes them with a pinch of salt.
* Paul Collins as John Darling,[10] a smart and mature beyond his years middle child of the Darling family.
* Tommy Luske as Michael Darling,[9] the youngest and the most sensitive of the Darling children, who constantly carries a teddy bear with him.
* Candy Candido as the Indian Chief,[8] a fierce-looking but well-meaning leader of the Indian Tribe and Tiger Lily's father.

Additionally, Stuffy Singer, Johnny McGovern, Robert Ellis, and Jeffrey Silver provided voices for Slightly, the Twins, Cubby, and Nibs - The Lost Boys, Peter's right-hand boys, dressed as various animals. June Foray, Connie Hilton, Karen Kester, and Margaret Kerry voiced the mermaids, vain and shallow inhabitants of the Mermaid Lagoon who are infatuated with Peter. Foray also voiced the Squaw Woman, who orders Wendy to get firewood while everyone else celebrates Peter's rescue of Tiger Lily. Tom Conway was the film's narrator.[8]

## Production[edit]

### Early development[edit]

> We were living on a farm, and one morning as we walked to school, we found entrancing new posters. A road company was coming to the nearby town of Marceline and the play they were presenting was Peter Pan with Maude Adams. It took most of the contents of two toy saving banks to buy our tickets, but my brother Roy and I didn't care ... I took many memories away from the theater with me, but the most thrilling of all was the vision of Peter flying through the air. Shortly afterward, Peter Pan was chosen for our school play and I was allowed to play Peter. No actor ever identified himself with the part he was playing more than I - and I was more realistic than Maude Adams in at least one particular: I actually flew through the air! Roy was using a block and tackle to hoist me. It gave way, and I flew right into the faces of the surprised audience.

—Walt Disney on his introduction to the story of Peter Pan[11]

Walt Disney was familiar with J. M. Barrie's play Peter Pan, or the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up since childhood,[12] having seen a touring production starring Maude Adams at the Cater Opera House in Marceline, Missouri,[13] in 1913.[14] In 1935, he first expressed interest in adapting the play[15] as his second animated feature film after Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs,[16] which was still in production at the time.[14] During his acquisition spree in Europe in April 1938, Roy O. Disney went to London to acquire the rights from the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, but Paramount Pictures had already secured the live-action screen rights. The hospital unsuccessfully offered to have Disney and Paramount make an agreement;[17] however, by October of that year, Walt had purchased the animation rights from Paramount[18] and commissioned Dorothy Ann Blank to develop the story.[19] In January 1939, Disney signed a £5,000 contract with the hospital,[20] and by May of that year, as the story work was in the preliminary stages, he had several animators in mind for some of the characters - Bill Tytla was considered for the pirates, Norman Ferguson for Nana, and Fred Moore for Tinker Bell.[18]

During this time, many possible interpretations of the story were explored. In the earliest treatment, written by Blank on April 14, 1939, the film would start by telling Peter Pan's backstory, which was based on Barrie's 1906 book Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens. However, during a story meeting the following month, Disney decided that they "ought to get right into the story itself, where Peter Pan comes to the house to get his shadow. That's where the story picks up. How Peter came to be is really another story."[16] Disney also explored the idea of opening the film in Never Land with Peter coming to Wendy's house to kidnap her as a mother for the Lost Boys. Eventually, it was decided that the kidnapping plot was too dark, and Disney went back to Barrie's original play, in which Peter comes to get his shadow back and Wendy herself is eager to see Never Land.[16]

By early 1940,[14] David Hall, who had also worked on Alice in Wonderland, created first exploratory storyboards and concept art for Peter Pan.[21] Later that year, Disney personally attempted to contact Maude Adams, who by then had retired from acting and was teaching drama at Stephens College.[22] Disney notified her of his plans for an animated feature, and requested for her to view an early reel of the film that the studio had produced for her approval. He further affirmed that his studio would send the necessary screening equipment to Columbia College for the presentation and that it could be open to any Stephens College student or faculty member interested in attending.[23] Adams, however, rejected Disney's proposal. In a 1941 studio memo to Kay Kamen, he wrote: "She wouldn't even give me the courtesy of looking at our reel. Her reasons were to the effect that 'Peter whom she created was to her real life and blood, while another's creation of this character would only be a ghost to her'. It seems pretty silly and from my point of view, I would say that Miss Adams is simply living in the past."[22]

### Production delays[edit]

By 1941, the basic story structure of Peter Pan was completed,[14] but later that year, following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the United States military took control of Walt Disney Productions. It commissioned the studio to produce training and war propaganda films,[24] thus pre-production work on Peter Pan, as well as on Alice in Wonderland (1951), was suspended.[25] However, the Bank of America allowed for production on Peter Pan, along with The Wind in the Willows (1949), to continue during World War II.[26] After the war had ended, pre-production of the film resumed with Jack Kinney as director. At the time, Kinney had considered leaving Walt Disney Productions for the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio, but wartime restrictions prevented it. Since he did not want Kinney to get out of his contract, Disney appointed Kinney to direct Peter Pan.[27]

Impatient with the delays, Disney asked Kinney to work on sequences consecutively rather than finishing the entire script before it was storyboarded, so that a scene would be approved at a morning story meeting and then immediately put into development. Six months later, during a storyboard meeting, Kinney presented a two-and-a-half-hour presentation, during which Disney sat silently and then stated, "You know, I've been thinking about Cinderella."[28]

### Return to actual production[edit]

By 1947, Walt Disney Productions' financial health started to improve again.[29] Around this time, Disney acknowledged the need for sound economic policies, but emphasized to his financial backers that slashing production would be suicidal to the studio. In order to restore the studio to profitability, Disney expressed his desire to return to producing full-length animated films. By then, three animated projects—Cinderella, Alice in Wonderland, and Peter Pan—were in development. Disney had felt the characters in Alice in Wonderland and Peter Pan were too cold, but because Cinderella (1950) contained similar elements when compared to Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), he decided to greenlight Cinderella.[30] In May 1949, Variety reported that Peter Pan had been placed back into production.[31]

The scene in the nursery went through many alterations. In one version, it is Mrs. Darling who finds Peter Pan's shadow and shows it to Mr. Darling, as in the original play. In another version of the film, Nana goes to Never Land with Pan and the Darling children, the story being told through her eyes. In another interpretation of the story, John Darling is left behind for being too serious, practical and boring, but story artist Ralph Wright convinced Disney to have John go with the others to Never Land. This adaptation also included Wendy bringing her Peter Pan picture book and Peter and the children eating an "imaginary dinner".[16] At one point, a party in Peter's hideout was conceived at which Tinker Bell becomes humiliated and, in her rage, tells Captain Hook the location of Peter Pan's hideout of her own free will. However, Disney felt that this story was contrary to Tinker Bell's character; instead, he had Captain Hook kidnapping Tinker Bell and persuading her to tell him. In Barrie's play, Captain Hook puts poison in Peter's dose of medicine and Tinker Bell saves Peter by drinking the poison herself, only to be revived by the applause of the theater audience. After much debate, Disney discarded this story development, fearing it would be difficult to achieve in a film.[16]

In earlier scripts, there were more scenes involving the pirates and mermaids that were similar to those with the dwarfs in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Ultimately, these scenes were cut for pacing reasons.[32] The film concept was also a bit darker at one point than that of the finished product; for example, there were scenes involving Captain Hook being eaten by the crocodile like in the original play, the Darling family mourning over their lost children and Pan and the children discovering the pirates' treasure loaded with booby traps.[16]

### Casting[edit]

Disney originally wanted Mary Martin, who was appearing in a stage production of the original play, to voice Peter Pan, while Jean Arthur also contacted him about being considered.[26] Bobby Driscoll, who was Disney's first contract child actor and had previously starred in such films as Song of the South (1946), So Dear to My Heart (1948), and Treasure Island (1950), was ultimately cast.[33] This was the first time that a male actor was cast as Peter Pan, breaking a tradition of women portraying him in both films and stage productions.[14] Driscoll also provided some of the live-action reference for the character.[4] Peter Pan was Driscoll's last Disney film, as his contract with the studio was abruptly terminated shortly after its release.[34]

For the role of Wendy, Disney wanted a "gentle and gracefully feminine" voice, which he found in Kathryn Beaumont,[14] who had previously voiced the title character in Alice in Wonderland (1951) and had just finished working on the film.[35] Disney initially offered the role of Captain Hook to Cary Grant, which the latter was "intrigued with",[26] but eventually Hans Conried was cast as both Hook[7] and, in keeping the tradition of the stage play, George Darling.[36]

### Animation[edit]

#### Live-action reference[edit]

As with previous Disney animated features since Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), a live-action version with the actors performing to a prerecorded dialogue track was filmed to serve as an aid to animators.[32] Margaret Kerry received a call to audition to serve as the live-action reference for Tinker Bell.[37] For the live-action reference, Kerry said she had to hold out her arms and pretend to fly for all the scenes requiring it.[14] Additionally, Kerry served as reference for one of the mermaids, along with Connie Hilton and June Foray.[38][self-published source]

At the same time, the studio was looking for an actor to portray Peter Pan, to which Kerry suggested her dancing teacher Roland Dupree. He was interviewed and eventually won the role,[39] providing visual reference for the flying and action sequences. Bobby Driscoll also served as the live-action reference model for Peter Pan, although he was mainly used for the close-up scenes. Kathryn Beaumont, who was the voice of Wendy, performed the live-action reference footage for the character.[14]

Hans Conried completed the voice work over the course of a few days, but served as the live-action reference for two and a half years.[40]

#### Character animation[edit]

Milt Kahl wanted to animate Captain Hook but was instead assigned to animate Peter Pan and the Darling children; he claimed he was "outmaneuvered".[41] During production, while animating Peter Pan, Kahl claimed that the hardest thing to animate was a character floating in mid-air.[14] While observing the animation of Peter Pan, Disney complained that the animators had let too many of Bobby Driscoll's facial features find their way into the character design, telling Kahl that "[t]hey are too masculine, too old. There is something wrong there." Kahl replied, "You want to know what's wrong!?... What's wrong is that they don't have any talent in the place."[28]

The job of animating Captain Hook was assigned to Frank Thomas, who faced conflicting visions of the character. Story artist Ed Penner viewed Hook as "a very foppish, not strong, dandy-type, who loved all the finery. Kind of a con man. [Co-director Gerry] Geronimi saw him as an Ernest Torrence: a mean, heavy sort of character who used his hook menacingly." When Disney saw Thomas' first test scenes, he said, "Well, that last scene has something I like I think you're beginning to get him. I think we better wait and let Frank go on a little further."[42][43] Because Thomas could not animate every scene of Hook, certain sequences were given to Wolfgang Reitherman, such as Hook trying to escape Tick-Tock the crocodile at Skull Rock.[44]

Ollie Johnston animated Mr. Smee. To best capture his comedic yet fear-ridden, sycophantic personality, Johnston used a variation of the Dwarf design from Snow White, and had Mr. Smee blink repeatedly. Johnston's former mentor, Fred Moore, worked in his unit as a character animator for Smee's minor scenes. Moore also animated the mermaids and the Lost Boys. The film would be Moore's final work as he died in a traffic accident on November 22, 1952.[45]

## Music[edit]

Frank Churchill wrote several songs for the film during the early 1940s, and Charles Walcott wrote additional songs in 1941. When work on Peter Pan resumed in 1944, Eliot Daniel composed songs for the film. However, this version of Peter Pan was shelved so the studio could complete Cinderella.[46] In April 1950, it was reported that Sammy Cahn and Sammy Fain were composing songs for Peter Pan.[47] The incidental music score for the movie is composed by Oliver Wallace.

### Songs[edit]

The melody for "The Second Star to the Right" was originally written for Alice in Wonderland as part of a song to be entitled "Beyond the Laughing Sky".[48] Some Disneyland-issued compilations give the title as "Second Star to the Right" (no "The"); see, for example, 50 Happy Years of Disney Favorites (Disneyland Records, STER-3513, Side II). "What Made the Red Man Red?" became controversial because of its stereotypical portrayal of Native Americans.[49] "Never Smile at a Crocodile" was cut from the movie soundtrack, but was included for the 1997 Walt Disney Records CD release.[50] The song, with lyrics, also appears in the Sing-Along Songs video series and the corresponding Canta Con Nosotros title, where it is titled "Al reptil no hay que sonreír".

Original songs performed in the film include:

No.| Title| Lyrics| Music| Performer(s)| Length

|
|
|
|
|

1.| "The Second Star to the Right"| Sammy Cahn| Sammy Fain| The Jud Conlon Chorus & The Mellomen|
2.| "You Can Fly!"| Sammy Cahn| Sammy Fain| The Jud Conlon Chorus & The Mellomen|
3.| "A Pirate's Life"| Erdman Penner| Oliver Wallace| The Mellomen|
4.| "Following the Leader"| Ted Sears & Winston Hibler| Oliver Wallace| Paul Collins, Tommy Luske & Cast|
5.| "What Made the Red Man Red?"| Sammy Cahn| Sammy Fain| Candy Candido & The Mellomen|
6.| "Your Mother and Mine"| Sammy Cahn| Sammy Fain| Kathryn Beaumont|
7.| "The Elegant Captain Hook"| Sammy Cahn| Sammy Fain| Hans Conried, Bill Thompson & The Mellomen|
8.| "You Can Fly! (Reprise)"| Sammy Cahn| Sammy Fain| The Jud Conlon Chorus & The Mellomen|
9.| "Never Smile at a Crocodile"| Jack Lawrence| Frank Churchill|  |

### Music releases[edit]

* The 1997 soundtrack release contains the bonus tracks "Never Smile at a Crocodile" (with lyrics) and an early demo recording of "The Boatswain's Song".

## Release[edit]

### Original theatrical run and re-releases[edit]

Peter Pan was first released in theaters on February 5, 1953. During the film's initial theatrical run, Peter Pan was released as a double feature with the True-Life Adventures documentary short, Bear Country.[51] It was then re-released theatrically in 1958, 1969, 1976, 1982 and 1989.[52] The film also had a special limited re-release at the Philadelphia Film Festival in 2003. It also played a limited engagement in select Cinemark Theatres from February 16–18, 2013.[53] To celebrate Disney's 100th anniversary, Peter Pan was re-released in theaters across the UK on September 1, 2023, for a week.[54]

### Home media[edit]

Peter Pan was first released on North American VHS, LaserDisc and Betamax in 1990 and UK VHS in 1993. A THX 45th anniversary limited edition of the film was released on March 3, 1998, as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection. Peter Pan was released on DVD on November 23, 1999 as a part of the Walt Disney Limited Issues series for a limited 60-day time period before going into moratorium.[55] Peter Pan was re-released as a special-edition VHS and DVD release in 2002 to promote the sequel Return to Never Land. The DVD was accompanied with special features including a making-of documentary, a sing-along, a storybook and a still-frame gallery of production artwork.[56]

Disney released a two-disc "Platinum Edition" DVD of the film on March 6, 2007. A Blu-ray "Diamond Edition" was released on February 5, 2013 to celebrate the movie's 60th anniversary.[57][58] A DVD and digital copy of the "Diamond Edition" was also released on August 20, 2013.[59] Peter Pan was re-released in digital HD format on May 29, 2018 and on Blu-ray on June 5, 2018, as part of the Walt Disney Signature Collection line, to celebrate the film's 65th anniversary.[60]

## Reception[edit]

### Box office[edit]

During its initial theatrical run, Peter Pan grossed $6 million in distributor rentals from the United States and Canada[61] and $2.6 million internationally.[62] The movie has earned a lifetime domestic gross of $87.4 million.[1] Adjusted for inflation, and incorporating subsequent releases, the film has had a lifetime gross of $427.5 million.[63]

### Critical reaction[edit]

Bosley Crowther of The New York Times criticized the film's lack of faithfulness to the original play, claiming it "has the story but not the spirit of Peter Pan as it was plainly conceived by its author and is usually played on the stage". Nevertheless, he praised the colors are "more exciting and the technical features of the job, such as the synchronization of voices with the animation of lips, are very good".[64] However, Time magazine gave the film a highly favorable review, writing "it is a lively feature-length Technicolor excursion into a world that glows with an exhilarating charm and a gentle joyousness."[65] Mae Tinee of The Chicago Tribune wrote: "The backgrounds are delightfully picturesque, the music only so-so. The film is designed for broad effect, with the accent of comedy. I'm sure the youngsters who grow up with cartoons will be right at home with all the characters."[66] Variety described the film as a "feature cartoon of enchanting quality. The music score is fine, highlighting the constant buzz of action and comedy, but the songs are less impressive than usually encountered in such a Disney presentation."[67] Harrison's Reports felt the film was "another Walt Disney masterpiece. It should prove a delight, not only to children, but also to every adult. The animation is so good that the characters appear almost natural."[68]

Giving the film 3+1⁄2 stars out of 4, Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune noted the "drawing of Tinkerbelle [sic] and the flamboyance of Captain Hook" as well as the "quality music mixed with appropriate animation" were the film's major highlights.[69] Michael Jackson cited Peter Pan as his favorite film, and from it he derived the name of his estate, Neverland Ranch, in Santa Barbara, California, where he had a private amusement park. Ronald D. Moore, one of the executive producers of the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica, has cited this film as the inspiration for the series' theme of the cyclical nature of time, using the film's opening line, "All of this has happened before and it will all happen again", as a key tenet of the culture's scripture. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 78% of 40 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7/10. The website's consensus reads: "Though it doesn't delve deeply into the darkness of J. M. Barrie's tale, Peter Pan is a heartwarming, exuberant film with some great tunes."[70]

### Controversy[edit]

Peter Pan has been criticized in recent decades[when?] for its broadly stereotypical treatment of Native Americans.

In 1995, Eric Goldberg, director of that year's Disney animated romance Pocahontas, expressed his belief that "all the Indians [in the 1953 film] were caricatures".[71]

In particular, the song "What Makes the Red Man Red?" has been removed from television airings of the film[72] and widely described as "racist" since 2014.[73][74][75][76][77] Its lyrics claim that Native American men are "red" due to "the very first Injun prince" blushing after kissing a "maid". It also contains usage of the word "squaw", gibberish utterances like "ugg-a-wugg",[78][79] and a mocking explanation of the Lakota greeting háu.[77][80][81] The visuals include tipis, drumming, tobbacco ceremonial pipes, and the Inuit eskimo kiss. Multiple characters use the word "squaw" throughout the film, in reference to two different Native women as well as protagonist Wendy.

The Native American tribe was not included in the 2002 sequel Return to Never Land, but they were included in a tie-in video game and are referenced by a brief shot of Peter Pan flying by a totem pole.

Animator Marc Davis was quoted in the 2007 audio commentary: "I'm not sure we would have done the Indians if we were making this movie now. And if we had, we wouldn't do them the way we did back then."[32][82]

In 2021, the film was one of several that Disney limited to viewers 7 years and older on their streaming service Disney+. They cited the film's depictions of Native American characters that were "stereotypical" and not "authentic", and references to them as "redskins".[83]

## Legacy[edit]

See also: Peter Pan (franchise)

### Disney Fairies[edit]

Main article: Disney Fairies

Disney Fairies is a series of children's books published by Random House, which features Tinker Bell and her friends. It also has a film series starting in 2008 with the self-titled film about Tinker Bell.

### Theme parks[edit]

Cast member as Peter Pan in Disneyland Paris

Peter Pan's Flight is a popular ride found at Disneyland,[84] Walt Disney World,[85] Tokyo Disneyland,[86] Disneyland Paris,[87] and Shanghai Disneyland.[88] Peter Pan, Wendy, Captain Hook and Mr. Smee make appearances in the parades, as well as greetings throughout the theme parks.

Peter Pan, Wendy, Captain Hook, Mr. Smee, and the Pirates were featured in a scene during Disneyland's original version of Fantasmic! from 1992 to 2016.

### Ice shows[edit]

* Disney on Ice began its touring production of Peter Pan in Fall 1989. The production went on to tour nationally & internationally, from 1989 to 1993. The production featured a pre-recorded soundtrack with all the film's songs and character voices.
* A shortened version of the story is presented in the current Disney on Ice production Mickey & Minnie's Amazing Journey. The show began in Fall 2003 & is currently on tour nationally. It features the songs "You Can Fly!", "Following the Leader", "Your Mother and Mine", "A Pirate's Life", "The Elegant Captain Hook" & "The Second Star to the Right".

### Video games[edit]

Peter Pan: Adventures in Never Land is an adventure game in which Peter Pan and Tinker Bell are after a hidden treasure, before Captain Hook reach the treasure first.

Neverland is a playable world in both Kingdom Hearts and Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, with Tinker Bell appearing as a summon. Both Peter Pan and Tinker Bell appear as a summon in the sequel, Kingdom Hearts II.[89] Neverland also appears as a playable world in Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days and returns as a playable world in Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep.

Peter Pan, Tinker Bell, Wendy, John, Michael and Captain Hook are playable characters in Disney Magic Kingdoms, being unlocked during the progress of the main storyline of the game.[90][91]

### Board game[edit]

Walt Disney's Peter Pan: A Game of Adventure (1953) is a Transogram Company Inc. track board game based upon the film. The game was one of many toys that exploited the popularity of Walt Disney's post-World War II movies.[92] The object of the game is to be the first player to travel from the Darlings' house to Neverland and back to the Darlings' house.

Play begins at the Darlings' house in the upper left hand corner of the game board. Each player moves, in turn, the number of spaces along the track indicated by his spin of the dial. When a player reaches the Never Isle, he selects a character from the film (Peter, Wendy, Michael, or John) and receives the instruction card for that character. The player follows his chosen character's track on the board, obeying instructions upon the character's card. The player is also obligated to follow any instructions on those spaces he lands upon after spinning the dial during the course of his turn at play. The first player who travels from Never Land to Skull Rock and along the Stardust Trail to Captain Hook's ship, and returns to the Darlings' house is declared the winner.

The board game makes an appearance in the 1968 version of Yours, Mine and Ours as a Christmas present.

### Musical[edit]

Disney's Peter Pan Jr is a one-hour children's musical based on the Disney Peter Pan movie with some updated material. It became available for school and children's theatre productions in 2013 after several pilot productions.[93]

### Sequels[edit]

This was Disney's first Peter Pan film. In the early 2000s, a Peter Pan franchise was spawned, involving a number of other animated releases. The franchise also included:

* Peter Pan: Return to Never Land: Released theatrically in 2002, and a direct-sequel to Peter Pan.
* The Tinker Bell film series: A spin-off and prequel to the Peter Pan films. Disneytoon Studios produced a number of Tinker Bell films, including six feature-length straight-to-home video films, and two shorts.
* The television series Jake and the Never Land Pirates includes Hook and Smee as main characters, and is set in Never Land, some time after the events of Peter Pan. Tick-Tock the Crocodile appears as a recurring character in the series. Peter, Tinker Bell, Wendy, Michael and John also appear as guest characters.

### Live-action adaptation[edit]

Main article: Peter Pan & Wendy

In April 2016, following the individual financial and critical successes of Maleficent, Cinderella, and The Jungle Book, a number of live-action adaptations of Walt Disney Pictures' classic animated films were announced to be in development. The Walt Disney Company announced that a live action Peter Pan film was in development, with David Lowery serving as director, with a script he co-wrote with Toby Halbrooks.[94] In July 2018, it was reported that the feature length film would be released exclusively on the company's streaming service, Disney+.[citation needed] It has since been said that the film may instead get a theatrical release.[95]

In January 2020, casting was underway while the film was retitled Peter Pan and Wendy. Joe Roth and Jim Whitaker will serve as producers. Principal photography was scheduled to commence on April 17, 2020, in Canada and in London, United Kingdom.[96] By March, Alexander Molony and Ever Anderson were cast as Peter Pan and Wendy, respectively.[95] Later that month however, filming on all Disney projects were halted due to the COVID-19 pandemic and industry restrictions worldwide.[97] In July 2020, Jude Law entered early negotiations to portray Captain Hook, and was officially cast two months later.[98][99] Joaquin Phoenix, Adam Driver, and Will Smith were all previously on the short-list of actors being considered for the role, though each of them ultimately passed on the opportunity.[100] In September 2020, Yara Shahidi was cast as Tinker Bell.[101] In October 2020, Alyssa Wapanatâhk was cast in the role of Tiger Lily.[102] In January 2021, Jim Gaffigan joined the film's cast as Mr. Smee.[103] On March 16, 2021, the same day that principal photography officially began, Alan Tudyk, Molly Parker, Joshua Pickering, and Jacobi Jupe were announced to play Mr. Darling, Mrs. Darling, John Darling, and Michael Darling, respectively.[104]

In December 2020, it was announced that the film would be debuting on Disney+.[105] Filming began on March 16, 2021, in Vancouver, Canada, and was expected to wrap on June 30, 2021.[citation needed] Additional filming took place on the Bonavista Peninsula of Newfoundland and Labrador, in August 2021.[106][107] Peter Pan & Wendy was released on Disney+ on April 28, 2023.[108][109][110][111]

## See also[edit]

* Film portal
* Disney portal

* Lists of animated films
* Second weekend in box office performance § Second-weekend increase

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c "Peter Pan". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 5, 2012.
2. ^ "Festival de Cannes: Peter Pan". Cannes Film Festival. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
3. ^ Rice, Lynette (January 22, 2019). "Oscars Flashback: The tragic life and death of former Disney star Bobby Driscoll". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 17, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
4. ^ a b Smith, Dave. "Peter Pan Character History". Disney Archives. Archived from the original on April 1, 2010. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
5. ^ Foutch, Haleigh (June 9, 2018). "Disney Legend Kathryn Beaumont Shares Memories from the Making of 'Peter Pan'". Collider. Archived from the original on August 19, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
6. ^ a b Korkis, Jim (September 2, 2022). "The Animated Hans Conried". Cartoon Research. Archived from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
7. ^ a b c Smith, Dave. "Captain Hook Villains History". Disney Archives. Archived from the original on April 1, 2010. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
8. ^ a b c d Maltin 1995, p. 107.
9. ^ a b Beck 2005, p. 193.
10. ^ Garbarini, Todd (March 8, 2013). "Interviews with Disney "Peter Pan" Voice Actors Kathryn Beaumont and Paul Collins". Cinema Retro. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
11. ^ In Walt's Words: Why I Made Peter Pan (Bonus feature). Peter Pan Platinum Edition DVD: Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment. 2007 - via YouTube.
12. ^ "Peter Pan Takes Flight in a Disney Movie Club Exclusive Anniversary Edition". D23. June 15, 2023. Archived from the original on June 17, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
13. ^ Burnes, Viets & Butler 2002, p. 24.
14. ^ a b c d e f g h i You Can Fly!: The Making of Peter Pan (Documentary film). Walt Disney Home Video. 1998. Archived from the original on May 25, 2023 - via YouTube.
15. ^ Koenig 1997, p. 94.
16. ^ a b c d e f The Peter Pan That Almost Was (Bonus feature). Peter Pan Platinum Edition DVD: Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment. 2007. Archived from the original on March 26, 2023 - via YouTube.
17. ^ Gabler 2006, p. 283.
18. ^ a b Barrier 2007, p. 230.
19. ^ Crafton, Donald (1989). "The Last Night in the Nursery: Walt Disney's Peter Pan". The Velvet Light Trap. 24: 35. Retrieved November 4, 2023 - via Google Books.
20. ^ Williams & Denney 2004, p. 164.
21. ^ Benton, Jenna (February 2, 2017). "Revisiting Never Land: Celebrating 65 Years of Peter Pan". Walt Disney Family Museum. Archived from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
22. ^ a b Burnes, Viets & Butler 2002, p. 31.
23. ^ Korkis, Jim (June 1, 2022). "How Maude Adams Influenced Disney's Peter Pan". MousePlanet. Retrieved January 20, 2023.
24. ^ "Disney Cartoons Remaining at RKO; Reissues Plans". Variety. April 8, 1942. p. 6. Retrieved January 19, 2023 - via Internet Archive.
25. ^ Thomas 1994, pp. 175–177.
26. ^ a b c Gabler 2006, p. 490.
27. ^ Barrier, Michael; Gray, Milton (February 11, 2016). "Jack Kinney and Jane Kinney (1976)". MichaelBarrier.com (Interview). Archived from the original on April 11, 2023. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
28. ^ a b Gabler 2006, p. 460.
29. ^ Barrier 2007, p. 205.
30. ^ Thomas 1994, p. 209.
31. ^ "'Pan' Start Gives Disney Record 6 Features Lensing". Variety. May 11, 1949. p. 5. Retrieved November 12, 2020 - via Internet Archive.
32. ^ a b c Roy E. Disney (2007). Audio commentary (Bonus feature). Peter Pan Platinum Edition DVD: Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment.
33. ^ Pepper, Jeffrey (November 14, 2011). "Once You've Grown Up You Can Never Come Back". Walt Disney Family Museum. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
34. ^ Korkis, Jim (June 8, 2022). "Bobby Driscoll at Disney". MousePlanet. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
35. ^ Joy, Renata (February 23, 2007). "Kathryn Beaumont Interview: UltimateDisney.com Talks with the Voice and Model for Alice and Wendy". DVDizzy.com. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
36. ^ Bohn 2017, p. 154.
37. ^ Fine, Audrey (March 14, 2007). "Teen Talks To: Margaret Kerry, a.k.a. Tinker Bell". Seveenteen. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
38. ^ Margaret Kerry (October 2003). "Margaret Kerry". Walt's People—Volume 9 (Interview). Interviewed by Jim Korkis. Xlibris. pp. 177–182. ISBN 978-1-450-08746-9 - via Google Books.
39. ^ "Roland Dupree – Peter Pan". AccessReel.com. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
40. ^ Gargiulo, Suzanne (2002). "Peter Pan, The Twonky, and Dr. T.". Hans Conried: A Biography; With a Filmography and a Listing of Radio, Television, Stage and Voice Work. McFarland & Company. p. 78\. ISBN 978-0-786-41338-6 - via Google Books.
41. ^ From Fantasia to Fantasyland. Event occurs at 17:55. Retrieved August 25, 2017 - via YouTube.
42. ^ Barrier, Michael (1999). Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age. Oxford University Press. p. 551. ISBN 978-0-195-16729-0.
43. ^ Canemaker 2001, p. 190.
44. ^ Canemaker 2001, pp. 45–46.
45. ^ Canemaker 2001, pp. 225–226.
46. ^ Bohn 2017, p. 180.
47. ^ "Music—As Written". Billboard. Vol. 62, no. 15\. April 15, 1950. p. 28. Retrieved June 26, 2018 - via Google Books.
48. ^ Peter Pan (1953) Trivia Retrieved April 24, 2013
49. ^ Wainer, Alex. "Reversal of Roles: Subversion and Reaffirmation of Racial Stereotypes in Dumbo and The Jungle Book". Regent University. Archived from the original on July 28, 1997. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
50. ^ Walt Disney Records CD#DIS609587
51. ^ Scheuer, Philip K. (March 12, 1953). "Peter Pan Takes Never Land Flight". Los Angeles Times. Part III, p. 8. Retrieved November 13, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
52. ^ "Peter Pan (film)". D23. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
53. ^ "Cinemark Announces the Return of Favorite Disney Classic Animated Movies to the Big Screen" (Press release). Business Wire. February 13, 2013. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013 - via DailyFinance.
54. ^ "DISNEY100 'CELEBRATING TIMELESS STORIES' SCREENING PROGRAMME LAUNCHES IN THE UK TOMORROW, FRIDAY 4TH AUGUST, 2023". UK Press. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
55. ^ "Disney to Debut Nine Classic Animated Titles on DVD for a Limited Time to Celebrate the Millennium" (Press release). Burbank, California: TheFreeLibrary. Business Wire. August 17, 1999. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
56. ^ King, Susan (February 15, 2002). "Original Peter Pan Is Flying High in a Remastered Edition". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
57. ^ "Review: "Peter Pan" Diamond Edition Blu-ray soars with outstanding "Nine Old Men" bonus feature, gorgeous digital restoration". "Celebrating its 60th anniversary, Disney has released the timeless classic animated film Peter Pan onto Blu-ray for the first time with an impressive trip to Never Land given "Diamond Edition" treatment."
58. ^ "Peter Pan Blu-ray Review". "Pardon the nostalgic digression, but Walt Disney's fourteenth animated feature, now celebrating its 60th anniversary, has the look and whimsy of a much younger production."
59. ^ "Peter Pan (Two-Disc Diamond Edition Blu-ray/DVD Combo in Blu-ray Packaging) (1953)". Amazon. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
60. ^ "Peter Pan 65th Anniversary Soars Into the Walt Disney Signature Collection on Digital May 29 and Blu-ray June 5". BroadwayWorld. Retrieved May 4, 2018.
61. ^ "All-Time Top Grossers". Variety. January 5, 1955. p. 59. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
62. ^ Tusher, William (September 4, 1969). "Disney's Evergreen Gold Mine". The Hollywood Reporter. p. 1.
63. ^ "All-Time Box Office: Adjusted for Ticket Price Inflation". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 10, 2020.
64. ^ Crowther, Bosley (February 12, 1953). "The Screen in Review: Disney's 'Peter Pan' Bows". The New York Times. p. 23. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
65. ^ "Cinema: The New Pictures". Time. February 2, 1953. p. 78. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
66. ^ Tinee, Mae (March 1, 1953). "4 Top Grade Movies Open in February". Chicago Tribune. Section 2, p. 3. Retrieved November 13, 2020 - via Newspapers.com.
67. ^ "Film Reviews: Peter Pan". Variety. January 14, 1953. p. 6. Retrieved August 25, 2017 - via Internet Archive.
68. ^ "Peter Pan". Harrison's Reports. January 17, 1953. p. 10. Retrieved March 10, 2020 - via Internet Archive.
69. ^ Siskel, Gene (July 14, 1989). "Bright Dialogue Sparks When Harry Met Sally". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 22, 2023.
70. ^ Peter Pan (1953) at Rotten Tomatoes
71. ^ Sharkey, Betsy (June 11, 1995). "Moving Beyond Teepees and Totem Poles". The New York Times. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
72. ^ "Digital Spy". Digital Spy. June 24, 2018. Archived from the original on October 26, 2018. Retrieved October 25, 2018. "This scene often gets cut when it appears on TV."
73. ^ "BLOG: Picking On Peter Pan". MinnesotaPlaylist.com. December 2, 2014. Archived from the original on June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
74. ^ Martínez, David. "Disney's 'Peter Pan' (1953), directed by Clyde Geronimi, et al". Academia.edu. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved December 2, 2017.
75. ^ "W&L's Markowitz Co-edits Book on American Indians in Movies". wlu.edu. Archived from the original on June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
76. ^ MacQuarrie, Jim (February 23, 2013). "A Father-Son Review of Peter Pan". GeekDad. Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
77. ^ a b "Straight On Till Morning: Peter Pan". Im With Geek. Archived from the original on June 29, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
78. ^ Cheu, Johnson (2013). Diversity in Disney Films. McFarland. pp. 9, 41. ISBN 9781476600093.
79. ^ Michael Riedel (December 2, 2014). "Original Tiger Lily will skip NBC's Peter Pan". New York Post.
80. ^ Wade Sampson (November 25, 2009). "Injun Trouble: The Neverland Tribe". mouseplanet.com.
81. ^ Cheu, Johnson (January 4, 2013). Diversity in Disney Films. McFarland. ISBN 9781476600093.
82. ^ Korkis, Jim (May 15, 2020). "Neverland Tribe". Cartoon Research. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
83. ^ Michaelsen, Shannen (January 25, 2021). "Disney+ Removes "The Aristocats", "Peter Pan", "Dumbo", and "Swiss Family Robinson" Movies From Children's Profiles Due to Negative Cultural Depictions". WDW News Today. Retrieved January 26, 2021.
84. ^ "Peter Pan's Flight". disneyland.disney.go.com. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
85. ^ "Peter Pan's Flight". Archived from the original on January 11, 2009. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
86. ^ "Peter Pan's Flight". www.tokyodisneyresort.co.jp. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
87. ^ "Peter Pan's Flight". disneylandparis.com. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
88. ^ "Peter Pan's Flight". shanghaidisneyland.com. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
89. ^ "The Official Kingdom Hearts Portal Site". na.square-enix.com. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
90. ^ "Update 17: Peter Pan | Livestream". YouTube. January 19, 2018.
91. ^ "Update 22: Pirates of the Caribbean Part 2, Peter Pan Part 2 | Livestream". YouTube. July 5, 2018.
92. ^ Rich, Mark. Warman's 101 Greatest Baby Boomer Toys. kp books, 2005. p. 72.
93. ^ "Disney's Peter Pan JR". Music Theatre International. Archived from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
94. ^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (April 13, 2016). "Disney Sets 'Pete's Dragon' Helmer David Lowery For New Live Action Peter Pan Film". Deadline Hollywood.
95. ^ a b Kroll, Justin (March 10, 2020). "Disney's Live-Action Peter Pan Movie Finds Its Wendy and Peter (Exclusive)". Variety. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
96. ^ "Disney's Peter Pan Remake Retitled Peter Pan and Wendy – Eyeing to Begin Filming April 17th in Canada (Exclusive)". Discussing Film. January 7, 2020.
97. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (March 13, 2020). "Disney Pausing Production on Features Little Mermaid, Home Alone, Nightmare Alley & More Until Coronavirus Calms Down". Deadline. Archived from the original on March 13, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
98. ^ Kroll, Justin (July 7, 2020). "Jude Law to Play Captain Hook in Disney's Live-Action Peter Pan (Exclusive)". Variety. Retrieved July 7, 2020.
99. ^ Kroll, Justin (September 25, 2020). "Yara Shahidi to Play Tinkerbell in Disney's Live-Action Peter Pan". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 27, 2020. "She will join Jude Law, who is set to play Captain Hook, and Alexander Molony and Ever Anderson, who will play Peter and Wendy, respectively."
100. ^ Anderson, Jenna (July 7, 2020). "Peter Pan: Will Smith Reportedly Passed on Captain Hook Role in Live-Action Adaptation". Comicbook.com. Retrieved July 8, 2020.
101. ^ Kroll, Justin (September 25, 2020). "'Grown-ish' Star Yara Shahidi to Play Tinker Bell In Disney's Live-Action Peter Pan Pic". Deadline. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
102. ^ "Alyssa Wapanatâhk to Play Tiger Lily in Peter Pan & Wendy". TheWrap. October 17, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
103. ^ "Jim Gaffigan to Play Mr Smee in Disney's Peter Pan & Wendy (Exclusive)". TheWrap. January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
104. ^ Erao, Math (March 16, 2021). "Peter Pan & Wendy Begins Production, Adds Alan Tudyk & More to Cast". Comic Book Resources.
105. ^ Every, Max (December 10, 2020). "Little Mermaid Cast, Plus Pinocchio & Peter Pan Films Go to Disney+". Comingsoon.net. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
106. ^ Peter Pan & Wendy to Film in Newfoundland and Labrador Archived December 4, 2021, at the Wayback Machine WhatsonDisneyPlus, June 30, 2021
107. ^ Peter Pan & Wendy puts N.L. on world stage, says local producer working on film CBC.ca, July 3, 2021
108. ^ Dela Paz, Maggie (March 16, 2021). "Disney+'s Live-Action Peter Pan & Wendy Film Begins Production". Comingsoon.net. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
109. ^ Kim, Matt (September 9, 2022). "Peter Pan & Wendy Teaser Announces the Live-Action Movie Which Will Debut on Disney+". IGN. Retrieved September 15, 2022.
110. ^ Ruel, Katie (February 28, 2023). "'Peter Pan & Wendy' Trailer Unveils Jude Law's Captain Hook, Yara Shahidi's Tinkerbell and a Whole New Neverland". Variety. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
111. ^ Legacy, Spencer (February 28, 2023). "Peter Pan & Wendy Trailer and Poster Set Disney+ Release Date". Comingsoon.net. Retrieved February 28, 2023.

### Bibliography[edit]

* Barrier, Michael (2007). The Animated Man: A Life of Walt Disney. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-5202-5619-4 - via Internet Archive.
* Beck, Jerry (2005). The Animated Movie Guide. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-5565-2591-9.
* Bohn, James (2017). Music in Disney's Animated Features: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs to The Jungle Book. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-4968-1215-5.
* Burnes, Brian; Viets, Dan; Butler, Robert W. (2002). Walt Disney's Missouri: The Roots of a Creative Genius. Kansas City Star Books. ISBN 978-0-9717-0806-8.
* Canemaker, John (2001). Walt Disney's Nine Old Men and the Art of Animation. Disney Editions. ISBN 978-0-7868-6496-6.
* Gabler, Neal (2006). Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination. Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-6797-5747-4.
* Koenig, David (1997). Mouse Under Glass: Secrets of Disney Animation & Theme Parks. Bonaventure Press. ISBN 978-0-9640-6051-7.
* Maltin, Leonard (1995). The Disney Films. Disney Editions. ISBN 978-0-7868-8527-5.
* Thomas, Bob (1994). Walt Disney: An American Original. Hyperion Press. ISBN 0-7868-6027-8.
* Williams, Pat; Denney, James (2004). How to Be Like Walt: Capturing the Disney Magic Every Day of Your Life. Health Communications Inc. ISBN 978-0-7573-0231-2.

## External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peter Pan (1953 film).

Wikiquote has quotations related to Peter Pan (1953 film).

* Peter Pan at IMDb
* Beaumont and Kerry: Peter Pan's Leading Ladies, Animated News & Views interviews
* Peter Pan on Lux Radio Theater: December 21, 1953. Starring Bobby Driscoll and Kathryn Beaumont.
* Peter Pan at Box Office Mojo

* v
* t
* e

Disney's Peter Pan

* Works based on Peter Pan

Films|

* Peter Pan
* Return to Never Land
* Peter Pan & Wendy

Tinker Bell films|

* Tinker Bell
* Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure
* Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue
* Secret of the Wings
* The Pirate Fairy
* Tinker Bell and the Legend of the NeverBeast

Television|

* Jake and the Never Land Pirates
* episodes
* Pixie Hollow Games
* Pixie Hollow Bake Off
* Once Upon a Time
* "Second Star to the Right"
* season 3

Music|

* "Never Smile at a Crocodile"
* "What Made the Red Man Red?"
* Disney Fairies: Faith, Trust, and Pixie Dust
* Peter Pan & Wendy (soundtrack)

Amusement park attractions|

* Peter Pan's Flight
* Pixie Hollow

Video games|

* Peter Pan: Adventures in Never Land
* Pixie Hollow

| Related|

* Disney's Villains' Revenge
* Kingdom Hearts
* Kingdom Hearts
* Chain of Memories
* 358/2 Days
* Birth by Sleep
* Kinect: Disneyland Adventures
* Epic Mickey
* Epic Mickey: Power of Illusion
* Disney Infinity 2.0
* Disney Magic Kingdoms
* Disney Mirrorverse

|

Related|

* Tinker Bell
* Disney Fairies
* Tinker Bell cast members
* "Disney's Greatest Villains"
* Peter Pan (peanut butter)
* Straight On Till Morning: A Twisted Tale
* House of Mouse
* Mickey's House of Villains
* Once Upon a Halloween
* "Trust Me"
* Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers
* Once Upon a Studio

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Disney theatrical animated features

Walt Disney
Animation Studios|

* Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937)
* Pinocchio (1940)
* Fantasia (1940)
* Dumbo (1941)
* Bambi (1942)
* Saludos Amigos (1942)
* The Three Caballeros (1944)
* Make Mine Music (1946)
* Fun and Fancy Free (1947)
* Melody Time (1948)
* The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad (1949)
* Cinderella (1950)
* Alice in Wonderland (1951)
* Peter Pan (1953)
* Lady and the Tramp (1955)
* Sleeping Beauty (1959)
* One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961)
* The Sword in the Stone (1963)
* The Jungle Book (1967)
* The Aristocats (1970)
* Robin Hood (1973)
* The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1977)
* The Rescuers (1977)
* The Fox and the Hound (1981)
* The Black Cauldron (1985)
* The Great Mouse Detective (1986)
* Oliver & Company (1988)
* The Little Mermaid (1989)
* The Rescuers Down Under (1990)
* Beauty and the Beast (1991)
* Aladdin (1992)
* The Lion King (1994)
* Pocahontas (1995)
* The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996)
* Hercules (1997)
* Mulan (1998)
* Tarzan (1999)
* Fantasia 2000 (1999)
* Dinosaur (2000)
* The Emperor's New Groove (2000)
* Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001)
* Lilo & Stitch (2002)
* Treasure Planet (2002)
* Brother Bear (2003)
* Home on the Range (2004)
* Chicken Little (2005)
* Meet the Robinsons (2007)
* Bolt (2008)
* The Princess and the Frog (2009)
* Tangled (2010)
* Winnie the Pooh (2011)
* Wreck-It Ralph (2012)
* Frozen (2013)
* Big Hero 6 (2014)
* Zootopia (2016)
* Moana (2016)
* Ralph Breaks the Internet (2018)
* Frozen II (2019)
* Raya and the Last Dragon (2021)
* Encanto (2021)
* Strange World (2022)
* Wish (2023)

Upcoming|

* Moana 2 (2024)
* Zootopia 2 (2025)

Pixar Animation Studios|

* Toy Story (1995)
* A Bug's Life (1998)
* Toy Story 2 (1999)
* Monsters, Inc. (2001)
* Finding Nemo (2003)
* The Incredibles (2004)
* Cars (2006)
* Ratatouille (2007)
* WALL-E (2008)
* Up (2009)
* Toy Story 3 (2010)
* Cars 2 (2011)
* Brave (2012)
* Monsters University (2013)
* Inside Out (2015)
* The Good Dinosaur (2015)
* Finding Dory (2016)
* Cars 3 (2017)
* Coco (2017)
* Incredibles 2 (2018)
* Toy Story 4 (2019)
* Onward (2020)
* Soul (2020) IR
* Luca (2021) IR
* Turning Red (2022) IR
* Lightyear (2022)
* Elemental (2023)

Upcoming|

* Inside Out 2 (2024)
* Elio (2025)

Disneytoon Studios|

* DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp (1990)
* A Goofy Movie (1995)
* Return to Never Land (2002)
* The Jungle Book 2 (2003)
* Piglet's Big Movie (2003)
* Pooh's Heffalump Movie (2005)
* Bambi II (2006) IR
* Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue (2010) IR
* Secret of the Wings (2012) LR
* Planes (2013)
* The Pirate Fairy (2014) LR
* Planes: Fire & Rescue (2014)
* Tinker Bell and the Legend of the NeverBeast (2015) LR

Disney Television Animation|

* Doug's 1st Movie (1999)
* The Tigger Movie (2000)
* Recess: School's Out (2001)
* Teacher's Pet (2004)
* Phineas and Ferb the Movie: Across the 2nd Dimension (2011) IR

Other Disney units|

* The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)*
* James and the Giant Peach (1996)
* The Wild (2006)
* A Christmas Carol (2009)
* Gnomeo & Juliet (2011)
* Mars Needs Moms (2011)
* Frankenweenie (2012)
* Strange Magic (2015)
* The Lion King (2019)

Upcoming|

* Mufasa: The Lion King (2024)

Live-action films with
Traditional 2D animation|

* The Reluctant Dragon (1941)
* Victory Through Air Power (1943)
* Song of the South (1946)
* So Dear to My Heart (1948)
* Mary Poppins (1964)
* Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971)
* Pete's Dragon (1977)
* Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988)
* The Lizzie McGuire Movie (2003)
* Enchanted (2007)
* Mary Poppins Returns (2018)

Related lists|

* Walt Disney Animation Studios short films
* Academy Award Review
* Pixar short films
* Based on fairy tales
* Unproduced films
* Live-action adaptations and remakes
* Based on Theme Parks
* 20th Century Animation

* LR Limited release
* IR International release

* v
* t
* e

Walt Disney Animation Studios

List of feature films

| Main
productions|

* Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937)
* Pinocchio (1940)
* Fantasia (1940)
* Dumbo (1941)
* Bambi (1942)
* Saludos Amigos (1942)
* The Three Caballeros (1944)
* Make Mine Music (1946)
* Fun and Fancy Free (1947)
* Melody Time (1948)
* The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad (1949)
* Cinderella (1950)
* Alice in Wonderland (1951)
* Peter Pan (1953)
* Lady and the Tramp (1955)
* Sleeping Beauty (1959)
* One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961)
* The Sword in the Stone (1963)
* The Jungle Book (1967)
* The Aristocats (1970)
* Robin Hood (1973)
* The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1977)
* The Rescuers (1977)
* The Fox and the Hound (1981)
* The Black Cauldron (1985)
* The Great Mouse Detective (1986)
* Oliver & Company (1988)
* The Little Mermaid (1989)
* The Rescuers Down Under (1990)
* Beauty and the Beast (1991)
* Aladdin (1992)
* The Lion King (1994)
* Pocahontas (1995)
* The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996)
* Hercules (1997)
* Mulan (1998)
* Tarzan (1999)
* Fantasia 2000 (1999)
* Dinosaur (2000)
* The Emperor's New Groove (2000)
* Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001)
* Lilo & Stitch (2002)
* Treasure Planet (2002)
* Brother Bear (2003)
* Home on the Range (2004)
* Chicken Little (2005)
* Meet the Robinsons (2007)
* Bolt (2008)
* The Princess and the Frog (2009)
* Tangled (2010)
* Winnie the Pooh (2011)
* Wreck-It Ralph (2012)
* Frozen (2013)
* Big Hero 6 (2014)
* Zootopia (2016)
* Moana (2016)
* Ralph Breaks the Internet (2018)
* Frozen II (2019)
* Raya and the Last Dragon (2021)
* Encanto (2021)
* Strange World (2022)
* Wish (2023)

| Upcoming|

* Moana 2 (2024)
* Zootopia 2 (2025)
* Frozen III (2026)

|

Associated
productions|

* The Reluctant Dragon (1941)
* Victory Through Air Power (1943)
* Song of the South (1946)
* So Dear to My Heart (1948)
* Mary Poppins (1964)
* Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971)
* Pete's Dragon (1977)
* Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988)

Television productions

| TV specials|

* Prep & Landing (2009)
* Prep & Landing: Naughty vs. Nice (2011)

|

TV series|

* Baymax! (2022)
* Zootopia+ (2022)
* Iwájú (2024)

People

| Executives|

* Edwin Catmull
* Roy Conli
* Roy E. Disney
* Walt Disney
* Don Hahn
* Jeffrey Katzenberg
* John Lasseter
* Jennifer Lee
* Peter Schneider
* Thomas Schumacher
* David Stainton
* Clark Spencer

|

Disney Legends
animators|

| Disney's Nine Old Men|

* Les Clark
* Marc Davis
* Ollie Johnston
* Milt Kahl
* Ward Kimball
* Eric Larson
* John Lounsbery
* Wolfgang Reitherman
* Frank Thomas

|

* James Algar
* Ken Anderson
* Xavier Atencio
* Art Babbitt
* Grace Bailey
* Carl Barks
* Mary Blair
* Joyce Carlson
* Marge Champion
* Claude Coats
* Don DaGradi
* Virginia Davis
* Andreas Deja
* Norm Ferguson
* Eyvind Earle
* Clyde Geronimi
* Manuel Gonzales
* Floyd Gottfredson
* Yale Gracey
* Joe Grant
* David Hand
* Jack Hannah
* John Hench
* Dick Huemer
* Ub Iwerks
* Wilfred Jackson
* Steve Jobs
* Bill Justice
* Glen Keane
* Hamilton Luske
* Burny Mattinson
* Fred Moore
* Floyd Norman
* Bill Peet
* Walter Peregoy
* Joe Ranft
* Retta Scott
* Ben Sharpsteen
* Mel Shaw
* Ruthie Tompson
* Roy Williams
* Tyrus Wong

Related topics

| History|

* Disney animators' strike
* 1982 animators' strike
* Disney Renaissance

|

Methods and
technologies|

* Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life
* Twelve basic principles of animation
* Computer Animation Production System

Documentaries|

* Frank and Ollie (1995)
* The Sweatbox (2002)
* Dream On Silly Dreamer (2005)
* Waking Sleeping Beauty (2009)
* Walt & El Grupo (2009)

Miscellaneous|

* Alice Comedies
* Laugh-O-Gram Studio
* List of Walt Disney Animation Studios short films
* Oswald the Lucky Rabbit
* Mickey Mouse
* Silly Symphonies
* Donald Duck
* Pluto
* Goofy
* Academy Award Review
* Disneytoon Studios
* List of Disney theatrical animated features
* unproduced
* live-action adaptations
* List of Disney animated films based on fairy tales

* v
* t
* e

J. M. Barrie's Peter Pan

Universe

| Characters|

* Peter Pan
* Wendy Darling
* Captain Hook
* Mr. Smee
* Tinker Bell
* Disney version
* Tiger Lily
* Lost Boys

|

Biographies|

* The Lost Boys
* Finding Neverland

Related|

* Neverland
* Llewelyn Davies boys
* George
* Jack
* Peter
* Michael
* Peter Pan syndrome
* puer aeternus
* Peter Pan copyright
* Disney franchise
* Disney Fairies
* Tinker Bell cast
* Peter Pan (London statue)
* Peter Pan (Columbus, Ohio, statue)

Media

| Literary
adaptations|

| Official books/plays|

* The Little White Bird
* Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens
* Peter and Wendy (play, book)
* Peter Pan in Scarlet

|

Starcatchers books|

* Peter and the Starcatchers
* Peter and the Shadow Thieves
* Peter and the Secret of Rundoon
* Peter and the Sword of Mercy
* The Bridge to Never Land
* Never Land Books

Film
adaptations|

| Peter Pan films|

* Peter Pan (1924)
* Peter Pan (1988)
* Hook
* Neverland
* Peter Pan (2003)
* Pan
* Come Away
* Wendy
* The Lost Girls

|

Disney's Peter Pan films|

* Peter Pan (1953)
* Return to Never Land
* Peter Pan & Wendy

Tinker Bell films|

* Tinker Bell
* Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure
* Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue
* Pixie Hollow Games
* Secret of the Wings
* Pixie Hollow Bake Off
* The Pirate Fairy
* Tinker Bell and the Legend of the NeverBeast

Other
adaptations|

| Television|

* 1954 musical
* 1976 musical
* 1989 Animated Series
* Fox's Peter Pan & the Pirates
* Jake and the Never Land Pirates
* Once Upon a Time
* Neverland
* Peter Pan Live!
* The New Adventures of Peter Pan
* Peter and Wendy

|

Stage|

* 1950 musical
* 1954 musical
* Peter Pan: A Musical Adventure
* Peter and the Starcatcher
* Peter Pan 360
* Peter and Alice
* Peter Pan Goes Wrong
* Wendy & Peter Pan
* Disney's Peter Pan Jr.
* Finding Neverland (musical)

Video games|

* Peter Pan and the Pirates
* Hook
* Peter Pan: Adventures in Never Land

Prose|

* The Child Thief

Graphic novels|

* Peter Pank
* Lost Girls
* Marvel Fairy Tales
* Cheshire Crossing

Music|

| Albums|

* Faith, Trust, and Pixie Dust

|

Songs|

* "Lost Boy" (Ruth B song)
* Somewhere in Neverland
* "Peter Pan" (Kelsea Ballerini song)

Attractions|

* Disney on Ice
* Fantasmic!
* Peter Pan's Flight (ride)
* Pixie Hollow

Allusions|

* Never Never Land

* Category

Links to related articles

* v
* t
* e

Films directed by Clyde Geronimi

* The Ugly Duckling (1939)
* Beach Picnic (1939)
* Officer Duck (1939)
* The Pointer (1939)
* Mr. Mouse Takes a Trip (1940)
* Billposters (1940)
* Lend a Paw (1941)
* Private Pluto (1943)
* Education for Death (1943)
* Chicken Little (1943)
* Victory Through Air Power (1943)
* The Three Caballeros (1944)
* Make Mine Music (1946)
* Melody Time (1948)
* The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad (1949)
* Cinderella (1950)
* Alice in Wonderland (1951)
* Susie the Little Blue Coupe (1952)
* Peter Pan (1953)
* Lady and the Tramp (1955)
* Sleeping Beauty (1959)
* One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961)

* v
* t
* e

Films directed by Hamilton Luske

Features|

* Pinocchio (1940)
* Fantasia (1940)
* The Reluctant Dragon (1941)
* Saludos Amigos (1942)
* Make Mine Music (1946)
* Fun and Fancy Free (1947)
* Melody Time (1948)
* So Dear to My Heart (1948)
* Cinderella (1950)
* Alice in Wonderland (1951)
* Peter Pan (1953)
* Lady and the Tramp (1955)
* One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961)
* Mary Poppins (1964)

Shorts|

* Mickey's Surprise Party (1939)
* Food Will Win the War (1942)
* Ben and Me (1953)
* Donald in Mathmagic Land (1959)
* The Litterbug (1961)
* Scrooge McDuck and Money (1967)

* v
* t
* e

Films directed by Wilfred Jackson

* Mickey's Follies (1929)
* Midnight in a Toy Shop (1930)
* The Castaway (1930)
* The China Plate (1931)
* The Cat's Out (1931)
* Egyptian Melodies (1931)
* The Clock Store (1931)
* The Spider and the Fly (1931)
* The Fox Hunt (1931)
* The Ugly Duckling (1931)
* The Bird Store (1932)
* The Grocery Boy (1932)
* Barnyard Olympics (1932)
* Mickey's Revue (1932)
* The Bears and the Bees (1932)
* Musical Farmer (1932)
* Mickey in Arabia (1932)
* The Whoopee Party (1932)
* Touchdown Mickey (1932)
* The Klondike Kid (1932)
* Santa's Workshop (1932)
* Mickey's Mellerdrammer (1933)
* Father Noah's Ark (1933)
* Mickey's Mechanical Man (1933)
* Lullaby Land (1933)
* The Pied Piper (1933)
* Puppy Love (1933)
* The Pet Store (1933)
* The Night Before Christmas (1933)
* The China Shop (1934)
* The Grasshopper and the Ants (1934)
* Funny Little Bunnies (1934)
* The Wise Little Hen (1934)
* Peculiar Penguins (1934)
* The Goddess of Spring (1934)
* The Tortoise and the Hare (1935)
* The Band Concert (1935)
* Water Babies (1935)
* Mickey's Garden (1935)
* Music Land (1935)
* Mickey's Grand Opera (1936)
* Elmer Elephant (1936)
* Mickey's Rival (1936)
* Toby Tortoise Returns (1936)
* The Country Cousin (1936)
* More Kittens (1936)
* Woodland Café (1937)
* The Old Mill (1937)
* Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937)
* Farmyard Symphony (1938)
* Mother Goose Goes Hollywood (1938)
* Pinocchio (1940)
* Fantasia (1940)
* Dumbo (1941)
* Golden Eggs (1941)
* The New Spirit (1942)
* Saludos Amigos (1942)
* Song of the South (1946)
* Melody Time (1948)
* Cinderella (1950)
* Alice in Wonderland (1951)
* The Little House (1952)
* Peter Pan (1953)
* Lady and the Tramp (1955)

Authority control databases

National|

* Israel
* United States

Other|

* MusicBrainz work

*[No.]: Number
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template