Phi Sigma Alpha

Puerto Rican social fraternity

Phi Sigma Alpha

ΦΣΑ
Founded| October 22, 1928; 96 years ago (1928-10-22)
University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus
Type| Social
Affiliation| CIPFI, CIPR
Former affiliation| Union Latino Americana
Status| Active
Scope| International
Motto| Caballeros Ante Todo
Slogan| Omne Rarum Carum
Member badge|
Colors|  Azure,  Gules,  Or
Flag|
Publication| Anuario Sigma
Philanthropy| Fundación Sigma
Chapters| 10 collegiate, 7 alumni
Members| 4,376 + lifetime
Headquarters| Calle Méjico corner of Calle Chile
Hato Rey, Puerto Rico
United States
Website| phisigmaalpha.org

Phi Sigma Alpha (ΦΣΑ), commonly known as La Sigma, is a Puerto Rican fraternity originally established as the Sigma Delta Alpha Fraternity (Sociedad de Amigos) on October 22, 1928, at the University of Puerto Rico by twelve students and a professor.[1] Phi Sigma Alpha can trace its roots back to 1898 to the Union Hispano Americana,[2] as well as to the first ever Greek letter Hispanic-oriented fraternity, Sigma Iota, established in 1912.[3] By 1998 there were over 4,376 members.[4]

## History

[edit]

### Origins 1898–1928

[edit]

* Monument of Sigma Iota's birthplace on the former LSU Campus

* Union Hispano Americana emblem

Phi Sigma Alpha traces its origins to several organizations including Phi Lambda Alpha. Phi Lambda Alpha fraternity was founded at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1919. The fraternity was the result of a merger of three societies: Pi Delta Phi Fraternity at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), founded in 1916; Phi Lambda Alpha Fraternity, founded in 1919 at the University of California, Berkeley;[5][6] and the Unión Hispano Americana, founded in 1898, at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York. This last one was the first Latin-American student society formed in the USA;[2] A group of Latin American students organized the Unión Hispano Americana (UHA) as a cultural and intellectual secret society based on the ideology of Pan-Americanism.[7]

After ΦΛΑ was organized, other societies joined it: the "Club Latino-Americano", founded in 1919 at Colorado School of Mines; the "Federación Latino-Americana", founded in 1926 at Columbia University and which joined in 1928; the "Club Hispania" of Cornell University, founded in 1929, and which joined in 1931; the "Club Hispano-Americano" of Tri-State College in Angola, Indiana, founded in 1921, and which joined in 1929, and the Alfa Tenoxtitlan Militant chapter (founded in 1929) whose members had come from the former ΦΛΑ society in Mexico City, Mexico.[8]

Sigma Iota fraternity was founded in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on March 2, 1912, previously known as the Sociedad Hispano Americana, which was founded in the University of Louisiana in 1904. Between 1912 and 1925, Sigma Iota expanded rapidly in the United States, South America, and Europe. As a result of this, Sigma Iota became the first international Latin American-based fraternity.[9] Sigma Iota and Phi Lambda Alpha joined and became Phi Iota Alpha in 1931.[10] In 1932, Phi Iota Alpha reorganized and formed the Union Latino Americana (ULA) as its overall governing body, dividing their member fraternities in Latin America into zones according to the country they represented.[11]

### The Sigma 1928–1934

[edit]

Sigma Delta Alpha fraternity was established by twelve students and a professor on October 22, 1928, at the University of Puerto Rico at the Glorieta Fabián. The founding members included:[8][12]

Sigma History

Sigma founders and two of the first members to join

* Gilberto Alemar

* Santos Primo Amadeo Semidey (professor of law)
* Adalberto Carrasquillo
* Juan Figueroa Rivera
* Fernando Jiménez
* Charles Henry Juliá Barreras
* José Laracuente
* Diego Guerrero Noble
* Samuel L. Rodríguez
* Victor M. Sánchez
* Hugo David Storer Tavarez
* Gilberto del Valle
* Joaquin Velilla

Originally the name Kappa Delta Alpha was considered but it was quickly changed to Sigma Delta Alpha. By December 5, 1928, they established their chapter house where they began holding meetings.[8]

For many years, Sigma Delta Alpha enjoyed a certain amount of notoriety not enjoyed by other student organizations at the university. Its membership included four of the most important student leadership positions at the university: the Yearbook editor, the senior class president, the Athletic Society president, and the ROTC Battalion Commander. Every activity sponsored by the school administration was consulted with the Sigma Delta Alpha chapter president at the university in Río Piedras.[8] In 1929, the Beta chapter at the Colegio de Mayagüez (University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez) was established;[13] thus the original chapter came to be known as Alpha.[14]

### The union 1934–1939

[edit]

Main article: Union Latino Americana

Phi Sigma Alpha had its first reorganization with the merger between the Alpha Boriquen Militant chapter of Phi Iota Alpha and Sigma Delta Alpha of the University of Puerto Rico in 1934. The Puerto Rican zone came to be when the Alpha Boriquen Militant Chapter was founded in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on March 4, 1934, by former members of Phi Iota Alpha.[15]

Under the conditions stated above, a movement came about to unite Sigma Delta Alpha with the Alpha Boriquen Militant Chapter of Phi Iota Alpha. It was not an easy task since many of the Sigma Delta Alpha members did not want the change or to alter their history. But the decision was made and thus the Phi Sigma Alpha Zone of the Union Latino Americana came to be.[16][17] A "Zone Directive" was created and a constitution was drafted, since there was no central body to control the fraternity.

By 1937, the ULA had several well-established and functional zones including:[16]

* Phi Iota Alpha in the United States
* Phi Kappa Alpha in Cuba[18]
* Phi Sigma Alpha in Puerto Rico
* Phi Tau Alpha in Mexico

ULA held its last Convention on January 7–8, 1938.[8] Delegates from the United States, Cuba, and the Puerto Rico zones were present. At the convention, agreement could not be reached over the ideals of the fraternity. After the convention, each zone considered the matter independently. The USA zone decided that the ideals of the ULA ought to be Pan-Americanism (the unification of Latin America by a system of confederacy) and led its members towards a position of pro-independence as it related to Puerto Rico, while the Cuban zone did not reach a decision on their own and ultimately decide to go along with the ideals conceptualized by the USA zone.[8]

The Puerto Rico zone rejected this decision because it considered the introduction of political issues to be detrimental to the fraternity. Thus on September 25, 1938, the Phi Sigma Alpha Zone withdrew from the Union Latino Americana.[19] The ULA dissolved shortly after.

### The era of growth 1939–1964

[edit]

Like the members of the Sigma, a majority of the members (including two undergraduates, Ramon Garcia and Antonio A. Verrissimo) of the Chapter of Phi Iota Alpha of the University of Louisiana disillusioned with the character given to their brotherhood, withdrew from the Fraternity and, in April 1939, founded Sigma Iota Alpha,[8][20][21] a fraternity composed of Latin students of that University. As it was to be expected this new grouping was received with distrust by the other Latin fraternal organizations at the university. Since Phi Sigma Alpha was organized in Puerto Rico with ideals similar to those of the Sigma Iota Alpha in Louisiana, and since both organizations were the product of almost identical former brotherhoods, negotiations were immediately started to merge the two brotherhoods into one. This was decided in a convention celebrated on September 10, 1939, at the University of Puerto Rico, organizing themselves as "Fraternidad Sigma" (Sigma Fraternity) with two ramifications: Phi Sigma Alpha Zone in Puerto Rico and Sigma Iota Alpha Zone in Louisiana (Later the USA Zone's name was changed to Phi Sigma Beta Zone and came to include other universities in north Louisiana).[8]

The Phi Sigma Alpha Zone was organized by a board of directors of the zone, the Militant chapter Alpha Boriquén of San Juan, and two university chapters, one at U.P.R.-Río Piedras and another one at the U.P.R.-Mayagüez (then known as the Colegio de Agricultura y Artes Mecanicas de Mayagüez (CAAM)). Years later the militant chapters of Ponce and Mayagüez were also organized.[22]

The Sigma Iota Alpha Zone (Phi Sigma Beta) was made up of the Alpha chapter in the University of Louisiana. In 1941, the Beta chapter in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, was organized. It was composed of students from various nearby universities, including Georgetown, University of Maryland, University of Baltimore, Johns Hopkins, and George Washington University.[8]

In November 1957 together with Phi Eta Mu and Phi Eta Mu they founded a Greek letter umbrella organization Concilio Interfraternitario de Puerto Rico.[23]

With time it became increasingly more difficult to sustain a fully functional zone in the United States, while pretending it worked as well as zone one in Puerto Rico. A reformist movement arose abroad that culminated in 1964 with the establishment of the Phi Sigma Alpha Fraternity composed of active and militant chapters that can be found in Puerto Rico, in the United States, or abroad. Therefore, the model based on zones was abolished and eliminated.[8]

### The era of progress and adaptations (1964)

[edit]

This article is a part of a series on

Phi Sigma Alpha
Fraternity

History

Phi Lambda Alpha
Phi Iota Alpha
Sigma Iota
Union Latino Americana
Casa Sigma Mayagüez

Presidents

List of Sigma Presidents

Associations

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Concilio Interfraternitario de Puerto Rico
Puerto Rican fraternities and sororities

Category \- Wikiproject

* v
* t
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Puerto Rico felt the economic boom of the post-Second World War years, and this boom was also evident in its universities. Puerto Rican youth registered in Puerto Rican universities in record numbers, and the Fraternity, which acted as the supplier of the union between its young people and an escape from arduous studies, also offered student housing. During the next two decades, Sigma enjoyed extensive enrollment in the original chapters as well as the new ones that were beginning to develop. While the baby boom effect declined dramatically in the late 1970s /early 1980s, it resurged at the end of the 1980s and continued until the beginning of the 1990s.[8]

> "Un Sigma es ante todo un caballero"

Phi Sigma Alpha Creed

The 1990s brought an era of mandated accountability of fraternities, partly resulting from the deaths of two young cadets of the quasi-fraternal group the "Panthers" of the ROTC in the CAAM,[24] and also a damages lawsuit perpetrated against another island fraternity. This brought forth a law, which can be found in Article 125 of the New Puerto Rico Penal Code, to control the initiation processes or "hazing" and to protect candidates.[25] The Sigma Brotherhood, which since 1959 had prohibited in its processes the use of the "Pledge Paddle", achieved another "first" from its prohibition of acts against the physical and mental dignity of the neophyte even before Article 125 was enacted.

The Sigma has continued its emphasis throughout the years on the areas of community and social work by its active and militant chapters which regularly take part in blood drives and fund-raising activities for different organizations. The "Beca Sigma" (Sigma Scholarship) program has been re-established and promises to offer young Puerto Ricans of scarce resources the opportunity to receive a university education.[1]

## Symbols and traditions

[edit]

The fraternity's colors are Azure, Gules, and Or. Its motto is ''Caballeros Ante Todo''. Brothers in active chapters are called "activos" and alumni Brothers are called "militantes". Yet all Brothers call each other "Sigmas".

## Governance

[edit]

The fraternity's highest administrative body is the "Junta de Directores", or Board of Directors. This body is composed of two groups. The first is the "Comité Ejecutivo Central" (Central Executive Committee) which includes the fraternity president, vice president, and others. The second group is composed of the regional presidents, and the presidents and secretaries of all the fraternity chapters, alumni, and active members.[26] All members have an equal vote. The Board of Directors meets several times a year, as convened by the fraternity president. As of 2010, there were six regions, with the ones in Puerto Rico named after their main city: San Juan Region, Guayama Region, Ponce Region, Arecibo Region, Mayagüez Region, and the USA Region, based in Florida.[26]

## Headquarters

[edit]

Casa Club Sigma's main entrance

Phi Sigma Alpha's main headquarters are located at the corner of Calle Mejico and Calle Chile in Hato Rey, Puerto Rico.[1] The offices are located in the Alpha Boriquen Chapter's clubhouse, known as Casa Club Sigma. Its restaurant has operated uninterrupted since 1968.[27] Its activity halls are rented out for meetings and events held by many organizations.[28] The clubhouse has two main activity halls and two smaller ones, which can all be opened up to create one big room, or used individually.

There is also a bar and restaurant area, called Vales’ Place, reserved for fraternity members and their guests. In the back of the Casa Club Sigma is a basketball court. There used to be a swimming pool as well, but it has been paved over to provide an additional parking area. The main offices of the fraternity are on the second floor of the building. On the back is the Pub Sigma, which is used by the Alfa Omega Activo chapter for their meetings and social events.

## Sigma Foundation

[edit]

Sigma Foundation logo

The "Fundación Sigma" (Sigma Foundation) is a nonprofit organization, established to offer Puerto Rican youth of limited resources and those of outstanding academic records the opportunity to cover part of their university expenses. Through different fraternity activities, carried out to raise funds, the organization seeks to be fiscally responsible as the basis to fulfill its philanthropic goals.[29]

The fraternity collaborates and contributes to different organizations, mainly to the "Fondita de Jesus", the American Red Cross, American Cancer Society and "Centro Espibi" in Mayagüez.[1] Various golf tournaments are held to raise funds for charities. The Beta Boriquen chapter coordinates one such tournament with the Mayagüez Rotary Club.[30] The fraternity has raised funds for Da Vida Caminando con Raymond (Walk-A-Thon) during the years the event was active, for the 2023 event they raised $25,000.00.[31] Since 2019 the fraternity has been running a Consciousness raising campaign against violence against women, in March 2024 beginning to show a campaign on Caribbean Cinemas.[32][33] As part of their campaign against violence against women, the fraternity donated $80,000.00 to the feminist nonprofit Proyecto Matria in September 24, 2024.[34]

## Chapters

[edit]

The fraternity has both collegiate and alumni chapters. The collegiate chapters are named by a Greek letter (depending on their order of founding), followed by the word "activo" (active). The alumni chapters follow the same nomenclature, except that instead of "activo" they are called "boriquén".

### Collegiate chapters

[edit]

Following is an incomplete list of the fraternity's university chapters, with active chapters indicated in bold and inactive chapters in italics.

Chapter  | Institution  | Location  | Status  | References

|
|
|
|

Alfa-Omega Activo | University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus | San Juan, Puerto Rico | Active  | [a]
Beta Activo | University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez | Mayagüez, Puerto Rico | Active  | [35]
Gamma Activo | Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico | Ponce, Puerto Rico | Active  | [36]
Delta Activo | Interamerican University of Puerto Rico | San Germán, Puerto Rico | Active  | [37]
Epsilon Activo | Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico | San Juan, Puerto Rico | Active  | [b]
Zeta Activo | University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo | Arecibo, Puerto Rico | Active  | [38]
Omicrón Activo | University of Puerto Rico at Aguadilla | Aguadilla, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Epsilon Columbia Activo |  | Miami, Florida | Active  |
Omega Columbia Activo |  | Orlando, Florida | Active  |
Alfa Azteca Activo | Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara | Guadalajara, Mexico | Active  |
Alpha of Sigma Iota Alpha Zone | LSU | Baton Rouge, Louisiana | Inactive  | [39]
Beta Caribe of Sigma Iota Alpha Zone |  | Washington, DC | Inactive  | [40]

1. ^ ΑΩ-Activo Chapter was originally two chapters located in SJ, PR; Α-Activo at UPR Río Piedras and Ω-Activo at Inter American U at SJ; the chapters merged.
2. ^ Epsilon Activo Chapter was originally at UPR, Medical Sciences Campus, but after years of inactivity, it was re-opened in 2007 at the Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico.

### Alumni chapters

[edit]

Following is a list of Phi Sigma Alpha alumni chapters with active chapters in bold and inactive chapters in italics.

Chapter  | Location  | Status  | References

|
|
|

Alfa Boriquén | San Juan, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Beta Boriquén | Mayagüez, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Delta Boriquén | Arecibo, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Épsilon Boriquén | Guayama, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Kappa Boriquén | Dorado, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Omicrón Boriquén | Aguadilla, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Tau Boriquén | Caguas, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Ýpsilon Boriquén | Yauco, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Omega Boriquén | San Germán, Puerto Rico | Active  |
Alpha Columbia Boriquen | Washington, D.C. | Active  |
Epsilon Columbia Boriquén | Miami, Florida | Active  |
Tau Columbia Boriquén | Texas | Active  |
Omega Columbia Boriquén | Orlando, Florida | Active  |

## Notable members

[edit]

Following is a list of some of the notable Phi Sigma Alpha members.[1]

* Don Luis A. Ferré (left)

* Raymond Arrieta

* William Navas

* Raúl Juliá

Name  | Chapter | Notability  | References

|
|
|

Raúl Juliá | Alpha Activo  | Professional actor  | [41][42]
Osvaldo Rivera Cianchini |  | Judge and founder of the San Blas Half Marathon  |
Raúl M. Arias-Marxuach | Alpha Activo  | Chief US District Judge of the US District Court for the District of Puerto Rico.  |
Salvador M. Padilla Escabi | Beta Activo  | Secretary of State of Puerto Rico and Adjutant General of Puerto Rico  |
Mako Oliveras | Alpha Activo  | Minor League Baseball player and manager  |
Luis A. Ferré |  | Governor of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico state senator  | [42][43][41][44]
Ramón Torres Braschi |  | Superintendent of the Puerto Rico Police Department | [41][45]
Daniel Lopéz Romo | Beta Activo  | United States Attorney for the District of Puerto Rico, Brigadier General, and assistant adjutant general for Air, Puerto Rico Air National Guard.  |
Eudaldo Báez Galib |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature  | [46][47]
Carlos Contreras Aponte | Beta Activo  | Secretary of the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works |
Noel Estrada |  | Composer of "En mi viejo San Juan"  | [41]
Pedro N. Rivera | Beta Activo  | Brigadier General and first Hispanic to be named medical commander in the U.S. Air Force  |
José Izquierdo Stella |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature  | [43]
Facundo Bueso Sanllehí |  | Guggenheim Fellow, physicist, and educator  | [41]
Oscar Ramón “Moncho” Loubriel Flores | Alpha Activo  | property/hidration manager and mascot of Vaqueros de Bayamón and Puerto Rico men's national basketball team | [48]
Jaime Santiago |  | Olympic sports shooter |
Carlos Irizarry Yunque |  | Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico  | [49]
José Miguel Agrelot |  | Comedian and Guinness record holder  | [41][42]
Raymond Arrieta | Alpha Activo  | Comedian  | [50][51]
David Cruz Vélez |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature and former Ombudsman for Persons with Disabilities of Puerto Rico  | [43]
Manuel Abreu Castillo |  | President of the Puerto Rico Bar Association; writer  | [52]
William Navas | Beta Activo  | Sub-Secretary of the United States Navy; General  | [53]
Angel Morey |  | 17th Secretary of State of Puerto Rico  |
Sol Luis Descartes |  | Puerto Rico's Secretary of the Treasury and President of the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico | [54]
Pedro González Ramos |  | President of Universidad del Sagrado Corazón |
José Victor Oliver Ledesma |  | Owner of P.R. Distillers  |
Leo Perez Minaya |  | founder and former Chair of Democrats Abroad in the Dominican Republic  | [55]
Luis Somoza Debayle |  | President of Nicaragua | [41]
Marco Rigau Gaztambide |  | Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico | [56]
Marco Rigau Jiménez |  | Puerto Rican senator for the Popular Democratic Party | [43]
Juan A. Rivero | Beta Activo  | Biologist, author, and founder of Dr. Juan A. Rivero Zoo | [57]
Arturo L. Carrión Muñoz |  | Former executive vice president of the Puerto Rico Bankers Association  |
Charles Cuprill Oppenheimer |  | Major General, Puerto Rico National Guard; Dean of the Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico School of Law | [58]
Oscar A. San Antonio Mendoza |  | Member of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico and Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives | [43]
Ángel Morey Noble | Alpha Activo  | Member of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico |
Hiram Rafael Cancio |  | District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico | [1]
Luis Stefani |  | Long time Chancellor of the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez | [41]
Santos P. Amadeo |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature; constitutional law scholar; first president of the fraternity  | [41][43][44]
José L. Purcell |  | Judge in the Superior Court of Puerto Rico; founded the Puerto Rico Volleyball Federation | [41]
Guillermo A. Baralt |  | Author, historian  |
Rafael Pont Flores |  | Radio (WKAQ) sports commentator; sports columnist for the El Mundo | [41]
César Benito Cabrera |  | Former US Ambassador to the island nations of Mauritius and the Seychelles |
Mario Rubén García Palmieri |  | Secretary of Health of Puerto Rico  | [12][59]
Manuel Rodríguez Ramos |  | Puerto Rican writer, law professor, and Secretary of Justice of Puerto Rico | [60]
William Riefkohl |  | Executive Director of the Puerto Rico Manufacturers Association | [61]
Adán Nigaglioni Loyola |  | Dean of UPRCM School of Medicine |
Enrique Pérez Santiago |  | Secretary of Health of Puerto Rico  | [62]
José M. Saldaña |  | President of the University of Puerto Rico |
Jaime Frontera |  | Olympic basketball player, flag bearer for Puerto Rico in the 1968 Summer Olympics |
Eugenio Fernández Cerra |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature  | [43][44]
Herminio Brau del Toro |  | Lawyer, engineer, professor, writer, president of P.R. Distillers  |
Justo A. Méndez Rodriguez |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature; ex-Secretary of Agriculture of Puerto Rico | [43][63][44]
José Menéndez Monroig |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature  | [43][63][44]
Enrique A. Vicéns |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature  | [44][43]
Lionel Fernández Méndez |  | Senator in the Puerto Rico legislature  | [44][43]
Gaspar Rivera Cestero |  | House of Representatives of Puerto Rico | [41]
Ubaldino Ramírez de Arellano |  | House of Representatives of Puerto Rico | [43][63]
Eduardo Zavála Vázquez |  | House of Representatives of Puerto Rico | [43]
Eduardo Bhatia Gautier |  | Former Speaker of the Senate of Puerto Rico | [42][64]
Hugo David Storer Tavarez |  | Director of Promotion of the Puerto Rico Economic Development Administration | [63]
Eugenio S. Belaval |  | Member of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico | [43][63]
Hernán Padilla |  | Member of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico; two-term Mayor of San Juan | [43][63]
Santiago Polanco Abreu |  | Speaker of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives; Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico | [43][63]
Adolfo L. Monserrate Anselmi |  | Member of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico | [43][63]
Isidro A. Negrón Irizarry |  | Mayor of the city of San German | [65]
Charles H. Juliá |  | Member of the Senate of Puerto Rico | [43][66]
Antonio Colorado |  | Secretary of State of Puerto Rico; Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico | [43]
José Rodríguez Quiles |  | Former member of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives |
Agustín F. Carbó Lugo |  | Former executive director of the Puerto Rico Solid Waste Management Authority; Chairman of Puerto Rico Energy Commission | [67]

Dr Fernando L Villamil, world renowned Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Latin Doctors TV show on Telemundo

## See also

[edit]

* Puerto Rico portal

* Phi Iota Alpha
* Phi Lambda Alpha
* Sigma Iota
* Union Latino Americana
* Concilio Interfraternitario Puertorriqueño de la Florida
* Puerto Rican fraternities and sororities

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f Shokooh Valle, Firuzeh (2005-03-14). "Fraternidad con fin social y sin violencia" (in Spanish). PRIMERA HORA. Archived from the original on 2011-10-02. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
2. ^ a b Ricketts, Palmer C. (1934). A History of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1824-1934. New York, New York: Wiley Publishing Company.
3. ^ Brown, Tamara L.; Parks, Gregory S.; Phillips, Clarenda M. (2005). African American Fraternities And Sororities: The Legacy And The Vision. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. p. 59\. ISBN 0-8131-2344-5.
4. ^ Bhatia, Eduardo (August 12, 1998). "R. del S. 1718". Senate of Puerto Rico (in Spanish): 1–2. Retrieved September 8, 2010.1-2&rft.date=1998-08-12&rft.aulast=Bhatia&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=http://www.oslpr.org/files/docs/%7BD6440C0D-8A6B-4DE8-9E50-1CDD16E59145%7D.doc&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Phi+Sigma+Alpha" class="Z3988">
5. ^ University of California Berkeley Blue & Gold Yearbook. Berkeley, California: University of California Berkeley. 1922. p. 600.
6. ^ "Beta Chapter Phi Iota Alpha Fraternity: Fraternal history". Stony Brook University. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
7. ^ "Universities and world affairs". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 1952. ISSN 0502-6393.
8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Sigma History" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2008-05-01.
9. ^ Anson, Jack L.; Robert F. Marchesani, Jr. (1991). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities. Menasha, Wisconsin: Banta Publishing Company. VIII–22. ISBN 0-9637159-0-9.
10. ^ Staff writer (1932-01-08). "Phi Lambda Alpha and Sigma Iota To Unite" (PDF). The Tech. MIT. p. 1. Retrieved 2005-12-03.
11. ^ "Phi Iota Alpha: History". University At Albany. Archived from the original on 2008-04-15. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
12. ^ a b "Phi Sigma Alpha Presidents". fisigmaalfa.org. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2009-01-15.
13. ^ "Se Constituye en El Colegio de Agricultura de Mayagüez el Consejo Beta de la sociedad universitaria Sigma Delta Alpha", El Mundo (Puerto Rico) (in Spanish), p. 13, October 24, 1929, retrieved June 13, 2023
14. ^ "Beta Activo History" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2009-07-21.
15. ^ "FIA History" (in Spanish). Fi Iota Alfa: Fraternidad Latino Americana. Archived from the original on 2010-07-18. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
16. ^ a b Baily, Harold J. (1949). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities. Menasha, Wisconsin: Banta Publishing Company. p. 315\. OCLC 1353909.
17. ^ Johnson, Clyde Sanfred (1972). Fraternities in our colleges. New York, New York: National Interfraternity Foundation. pp. 42–43.42-43&rft.pub=National+Interfraternity+Foundation&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Clyde+Sanfred&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Phi+Sigma+Alpha" class="Z3988">
18. ^ Baird, William Raimond (1940). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities. G. Banta Pub. Co. p. 260.
19. ^ "Historia Fraternal" (in Spanish). Fi Iota Alfa: Fraternidad Latino Americana. Archived from the original on 2007-12-14. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
20. ^ Gumbo (yearbook). Louisiana State University, 1939.
21. ^ Gumbo (yearbook). Louisiana State University, 1940.
22. ^ "Sigma History" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2009-05-06. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
23. ^ "Fundan Concilio 3 Fraternidades". El Mundo (Puerto Rico) (in Spanish). San Juan, Puerto Rico. November 22, 1957. p. 11. Retrieved December 11, 2024.
24. ^ Firuzeh Shokooh Valle (2005-03-07). "Una tradición bélica". ZONAi. Archived from the original on 2008-04-15. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
25. ^ House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (2004-04-27). "ANEJO 1, Informe de la Cámara" (PDF). Rama Judicial del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
26. ^ a b "Junta de Directores" (in Spanish). Fraternidad Fi Sigma Alfa. 2 January 2009. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2011.
27. ^ "Casa Club Sigma - Hato Rey | Sal.pr".
28. ^ "Club Rotario de Rio Piedras". Archived from the original on 2012-07-30. Retrieved 2010-06-19.
29. ^ "Fi Sigma Alfa" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-08-14.
30. ^ "Rotary and Sigma Open" (in Spanish). Retrieved August 3, 2010.
31. ^ Rivera Cedeño, Jomar José (June 6, 2023). "Raymond Arrieta recauda más de $1,325,000 en la decimoquinta edición de "Da vida"". El Nuevo Dia (in Spanish). San Juan, Puerto Rico: GFR Media. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
32. ^ "Firmes en su compromiso para combatir la violencia contra la mujer". NotiUno (in Spanish). NotiUno. March 7, 2024. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
33. ^ Díaz Tirado, Adriana (May 16, 2024). "Proyecto Matria une esfuerzos con Phi Sigma Alpha para luchar contra la violencia machista". El Nuevo Dia (in Spanish). San Juan, Puerto Rico: GFR media. p. 14. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
34. ^ Ibarra Vázquez, Génesis (September 25, 2024). "Fraternidad Phi Sigma Alpha otorga donativo de $80,000 a Proyecto Matria". El Nuevo Día (in Spanish). San Juan, Puerto Rico: GFR Media. Retrieved September 25, 2024.
35. ^ "UPRM" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 2008-01-16.
36. ^ "PUCPR" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2008-01-12. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
37. ^ Baird, William Raimond; Robson, John (1977). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities, Issue 19. G. Banta Co. p. 120.
38. ^ "Organizaciones Estudiantiles" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2015-08-21.
39. ^ Gumbo (yearbook). Louisiana State University, 1942.
40. ^ "Phi Sigma Alpha Elige Directivas". El Mundo. May 17, 1955. Retrieved January 6, 2025.
41. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Capitulo Eterno". fisigmaalfa.org. Archived from the original on 2008-04-15. Retrieved 2008-02-12.
42. ^ a b c d Morey Noble, Angel (March 7, 2023). "P. de la C. 1653". House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (in Spanish): 1–3. Retrieved April 3, 2023.1-3&rft.date=2023-03-07&rft.aulast=Morey+Noble&rft.aufirst=Angel&rft_id=https://sutra.oslpr.org/osl/esutra/medidareg.aspx?rid=143648&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Phi+Sigma+Alpha" class="Z3988">
43. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Hernández, Rosario (July 20, 1993). "R. de la C. 1310" (PDF). House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (in Spanish): 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2011. Retrieved September 1, 2010.
44. ^ a b c d e f g "PR Senators" (PDF). senadopr.us. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-01-13.
45. ^ William Anderson, Robert (1973). Gobierno y partidos políticos en Puerto Rico: seguido de un estudio sobre el plebiscito de 1967 y las elecciones de 1968 (in Spanish). Editorial Tecnos. p. 64.
46. ^ Prensa Asociada (August 29, 2008). "Ilegales las acciones de Cintron, segun Baez Galib". Primera Hora (in Spanish). Primera Hora. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
47. ^ Duprey Salgado, Nestor R. (August 18, 2003). "R. de la C. 7336". House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (in Spanish): 2. Retrieved September 2, 2010.
48. ^ "Anuario Sigma 2023". Anuario Sigma (in Spanish). Phi Sigma Alpha: 19. October 20, 2023.
49. ^ Irizarry Yunque, Carlos J. (May 2008). "Vivencias y Opiniones due un Abogado". 42 Rev. Jur. U.I.P.R. 425 (in Spanish).
50. ^ Celebrando 81 años de Hermandad. Puerto Rico: Fi Sigma Alfa. October 2009. p. 21.
51. ^ Marrero, Rosalina; Vargas, Patricia (June 7, 2013). "Mañana será un gran día". El Nuevo Día (in Spanish). Puerto Rico: GFR Media. pp. 62–63. Retrieved June 10, 2013.62-63&rft.date=2013-06-07&rft.aulast=Marrero&rft.aufirst=Rosalina&rft.au=Vargas,+Patricia&rft_id=http://www.elnuevodia.com/raymondarrietamananaseraungrandia-1526985.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Phi+Sigma+Alpha" class="Z3988">
52. ^ Who's who in finance and industry. Marquis Who's Who. 1963. p. 3.
53. ^ Celebrando 81 años de Hermandad. Puerto Rico: Fi Sigma Alfa. October 2009. p. 35.
54. ^ Aniversario de Oro. Puerto Rico: Fi Sigma Alfa. October 1977. p. 130.
55. ^ Aniversario de Oro. Puerto Rico: Fi Sigma Alfa. October 1977. p. 149.
56. ^ "Semblanzas de lo Jueces del Tribunal Supremo de Puerto Rico". Revista Jurídica de la Universidad de Puerto Rico (in Spanish). 47. San Juan, Puerto Rico: University of Puerto Rico: 343. 1978.
57. ^ Celebrando 81 años de Hermandad. Puerto Rico: Fi Sigma Alfa. October 2009. p. 134.
58. ^ "Phi Sigma Alpha Presidents". fisigmaalfa.org. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2008-04-27.
59. ^ "Historia de la regionalización". Galenus (in Spanish). 03. 2003. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
60. ^ "Phi Sigma Alpha Presidents". fisigmaalfa.org. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved August 20, 2010.
61. ^ 82 Sigma Convención. Puerto Rico: Fi Sigma Alfa. October 2010. p. 7.
62. ^ "Capitulo Eterno". fisigmaalfa.org. Archived from the original on 2008-04-15. Retrieved 2008-04-28.
63. ^ a b c d e f g h "Capitulo Eterno". fisigmaalfa.org. Archived from the original on 2008-04-15. Retrieved 2008-04-27.
64. ^ Stewart Sotomayor, John A. (September 9, 2009). "Ponencia Sigma" (PDF). Senate of Puerto Rico (in Spanish): 1–4. Retrieved January 11, 2011.1-4&rft.date=2009-09-09&rft.aulast=Stewart+Sotomayor&rft.aufirst=John+A.&rft_id=http://www.oslpr.org/2009-2012/ponencias/C2KVAR0W.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Phi+Sigma+Alpha" class="Z3988">
65. ^ Celebrando 81 años de Hermandad. Puerto Rico: Fi Sigma Alfa. October 2009. p. 107.
66. ^ "Phi Sigma Alpha Presidents". fisigmaalfa.org. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2007-09-17.
67. ^ "Designan presidente de la Comisión Reguladora de Energía". www.noticel.com. Retrieved 2016-04-26.

## External links

[edit]

* National home page

External videos

You may listen to the "Farola" and "Brindis Sigma" with an introduction by José Miguel Agrelot here.

* v
* t
* e

Phi Sigma Alpha presidents

Sigma Delta Alpha|

* Santos P. Amadeo, 1928
* Juan Figueroa Rivera, 1929
* Manuel Rodríguez Ramos, 1930
* Charles Henry Juliá Barreras, 1931
* Rafael Baragano, 1932
* Carlos García Méndez, 1933

Phi Sigma Alpha Zone|

* Aurelio Torres Braschi, 1934
* Ramón Gandia Bizcombe, 1935
* Juan Figueroa Rivera, 1936
* Juan Figueroa Rivera, 1937
* Pedro E. Purcell Rodríguez, 1938

Sigma Fraternity|

* Pedro E. Purcell Rodríguez, 1939
* Raúl Méndez Cardona, 1940
* Raúl Méndez Cardona, 1941
* Miguel Ángel Quiñónez,1942
* Miguel Ángel Quiñónez, 1943
* Herman Stubbe, 1944
* Juan Francisco Martínez, 1945
* Juan Figueroa Rivera, 1946
* José Luís Purcell Rodríguez, 1947
* Hugo David Storer Tavarez, 1948
* Hugo David Storer Tavarez, 1949
* Carlos Luis Yordan Zeppendfeldt, 1950
* Hugo David Storer Tavarez, 1951
* José Luís Pont Flores, 1952
* Humberto Monserrate Anselmi, 1953
* Humberto Monserrate Anselmi, 1954
* Mario García Palmieri, 1955
* Mario García Palmieri, 1956
* Manuel García Fortuño, 1957
* Herminio Brau del Toro, 1958
* Herminio Brau del Toro, 1959
* Humberto Monserrate Anselmi, 1960
* Humberto Monserrate Anselmi, 1961
* Ariel Mendez Cardona, 1962
* Jose A. Antonmattei, 1962
* Richard Casas Rahola, 1962
* Hugo David Storer Tavarez, 1963
* Charles Cuprill Oppenheimer, 1964

Phi Sigma Alpha Fraternity|

* Charles Cuprill Oppenheimer, 1965
* Luis Carrillo Correa, 1966
* Luis Carrillo Correa, 1967
* Victor M. Díaz Bonnet, 1968
* Américo Gonzalez Garcia, 1969
* Américo Gonzalez Garcia, 1970
* Carlos Rafael Jimenez Muñoz, 1971
* Carlos Rafael Jimenez Muñoz, 1972
* Pedro J. Córdova Pelegrina, 1973
* Pedro J. Córdova Pelegrina, 1974
* Carlos Felípe Vega Cortes, 1975
* Carlos Felípe Vega Cortes, 1976
* René Torregrosa Nolla, 1977
* René Torregrosa Nolla, 1978
* Antonio Edwin Zapata Labiosa, 1979
* Servando Díaz, 1980
* Servando Díaz, 1981
* Jorge Amaury Rodríguez, 1982
* Rafael Plá Arteaga, 1983
* Juan Díaz Morales, 1984
* Guillermo Silva Janer, 1985
* Guillermo Silva Janer, 1986
* Nelson Biaggi García, 1987
* Américo González García, 1988
* Ricardo Cruz Lebrón, 1989
* Ricardo Cruz Lebrón, 1990
* Fernando Castro Urrutia, 1991
* Miguel A. De Jesus Garcia, 1992
* Miguel A. De Jesus Garcia, 1993
* Rafael Annexy Rexach, 1994
* Rafael Annexy Rexach, 1995
* Luis Bartolomé Rivera Cuebas, 1996
* Luis Bartolomé Rivera Cuebas, 1997
* Felix J. Rodriguez Arroyo, 1998
* Felix J. Rodriguez Arroyo, 1999
* Sergio Dominguez Wolff, 2000
* Sergio Dominguez Wolff, 2001
* Oscar Larry Hernandez, 2002
* Jose R. Abrams Chaves, 2003
* Rafael Annexy Rexach, 2004
* Giordano R. San Antonio Tort, 2005
* Giordano R. San Antonio Tort, 2006
* Miguel De Jesús Olivieri, 2007
* Miguel De Jesús Olivieri, 2008
* John Stewart Sotomayor,2009
* John Stewart Sotomayor,2010
* Luis R, Estades Maldonado, 2011
* Ricardo Negron Yunque, 2012
* Ricardo Negron Yunque, 2013
* Yussef Galib Fiol, 2014
* Yussef Galib Fiol, 2015
* Yussef Galib Fiol, 2016
* Yussef Galib Fiol, 2017
* Yussef Galib Fiol, 2018
* Yussef Galib Fiol, 2019
* Yussef Galib Fiol, 2020
* Yussef Galib Fiol, 2021
* José Antonio Soto Cintrón, 2022

* v
* t
* e

Concilio Interfraternitario de Puerto Rico

* Phi Eta Mu
* Mu Alpha Phi
* Eta Gamma Delta
* Phi Sigma Alpha
* Nu Sigma Beta
* Alpha Beta Chi
* Phi Delta Gamma

* v
* t
* e

Concilio Interfraternitario Puertorriqueño de la Florida

* Phi Eta Mu
* Phi Sigma Alpha
* Nu Sigma Beta
* Alpha Beta Chi
* Phi Delta Gamma

* v
* t
* e

Fraternities and sororities

Academic fraternities originating from North America

General|

* Colony
* North American fraternity and sorority housing
* Stepping
* U.S. racism
* Hazing in Greek letter organizations
* U.S. deaths
* Philippines deaths
* Mother of Fraternities

History|

* Fraternities and sororities
* North America
* High school
* Professional
* Service
* Canada
* Lists by country/territory
* France
* Philippines
* Puerto Rico

Historically
African-American|

* ΑΚΑ
* ΑΦΑ
* ΔΣΘ
* ΖΦΒ
* ΙΦΘ
* ΚΑΨ
* ΣΓΡ
* ΦΒΣ
* ΦΡΗ
* ΩΨΦ
* WΨΦ

Historically
Asian/Pacific Islander-American|

* Alpha Iota Omicron
* αΚΔΦ
* ΑΦΓ
* ΒΧΘ
* ΔΕΨ
* ΔΚΔ
* ΔΦΩ
* ΙΝΔ
* ΚΦΛ
* ΛΦΕ
* ΠΑΦ
* ΠΔΨ
* ΣΒΡ
* ΣΟΠ
* ΣΨΖ
* ΣΦΩ
* XPO

Christian
fraternities and sororities|

* ΑΔΓ
* ΑΔΧ
* ΑΓΩ
* ΑΛΩ
* ΒΕΓΓΑΡΣ
* ΒΣΨ
* ΒΥΧ
* ΣΑΩ
* ΣΘΕ
* ΣΦΛ
* ΦΒΧ
* ΧΑΩ

Historically Jewish|

* ΑΕΠ
* ΑΕΦ
* ΖΒΤ
* ΣΑΕΠ
* ΣΑΜ
* ΣΔΤ
* ΤΔΦ
* ΤΕΦ

Multicultural|

* ΔΞΝ
* ΔΞΦ
* ΓΗ
* ΖΣΧ
* ΖΦΡ
* ΖΧΦ
* ΘΝΞ
* ΛΤΩ
* ΛΨΔ
* ΜΣΥ
* ΣΛΓ
* ΣΘΨ
* ΤΦΣ
* ΨΣΦ
* ΩΔΦ
* ΩΦΧ
* Delphic

Historically Scout-affiliated|

* ΑΦΩ
* ΕΤΠ
* ΓΣΣ
* ΩΦΑ

LGBTQ|

* ΑΛΖ
* ΑΠΔ
* ΔΛΦ
* ΓΡΛ
* ΘΠΣ
* ΚΑΛ
* ΚΘΕ
* ΟΕΠ
* ΣΦΒ

Native American|

* ΑΠΩ
* ΦΣΝ
* ΣΟΕ

Latino and Puerto Rican|

* ΑΨΛ
* ΑΟΣ
* ΔΤΛ
* ΓΑΩ
* ΓΖΑ
* ΗΓΔ
* ΚΔΧ
* ΛΑΥ
* ΛΠΥ
* ΛΠΧ
* ΛΣΥ
* ΛΘΑ
* ΛΘΝ
* ΛΘΦ
* ΛΥΛ
* ΜΑΦ
* ΝΑΚ
* ΝΣΒ
* ΣΔΑ
* ΣΙΑ
* ΣΛΑ
* ΣΛΒ
* ΣΛΥ
* ΣΠΑ
* ΦΔΓ
* ΦΗΜ
* ΦΙΑ
* ΦΣΑ
* ΧΥΣ
* ΩΦΒ

Major specific|

* ΑΓΡ
* ΑΓΣ
* ΑΚΨ
* ΑΣΚ
* ΑΩΕ
* ΔΣΠ
* ΚΚΨ
* ΣΑΙ
* ΤΒΣ
* ΦΣΓ
* ΦΣΡ
* Ceres
* FarmHouse
* Triangle

Social sororities|

* ΑΓΔ
* ΑΔΠ
* ΑΕΦ
* ΑΞΔ
* ΑΟΠ
* ΑΣΑ
* ΑΣΤ
* ΑΦ
* ΑΧΩ
* ΓΦΒ
* ΔΔΔ
* ΔΓ
* ΔΖ
* ΔΦΕ
* ΖΤΑ
* ΘΦΑ
* ΚΑΘ
* ΚΒΓ
* ΚΔ
* ΚΚΓ
* ΠΒΦ
* ΣΔΤ
* ΣΚ
* ΣΣΣ
* ΣΨ
* ΦΜ
* ΦΣΣ
* ΧΩ
* Clovia

Social fraternities|

* ΑΔΦ
* ΑΚΛ
* ΑΣΦ
* ΑΤΩ
* ΑΦΔ
* ΑΧΑ
* ΑΧΡ
* ΒΘΠ
* ΔΚΕ
* ΔΣΦ
* ΔΤΔ
* ΔΥ
* ΔΦ
* ΔΧ
* ΖΨ
* ΘΔΧ
* ΘΞ
* ΘΧ
* ΚΑ Order
* ΚΑ Society
* ΚΔΡ
* ΚΔΦ
* ΚΛΨ
* ΚΣ
* ΛΧΑ
* OΚΕ
* ΠΚΑ
* ΠΚΦ
* ΠΛΦ
* ΣΑΕ
* ΣΔΑ
* ΣΘΠ
* ΣΝ
* ΣΠ
* ΣΤΓ
* ΣΦ
* ΣΦΔ
* ΣΦΕ
* ΣΧ
* ΤΚΕ
* ΦΓΔ
* ΦΔΘ
* ΦΔΨ
* ΦΚΘ
* ΦΚΣ
* ΦΚΤ
* ΦΚΨ
* ΦΛΧ
* ΦΜΑ Sinfonia
* ΦΜΔ
* ΦΣΚ
* ΦΣΦ
* ΧΓΕ
* ΧΦ
* ΧΨ
* ΨΥ
* Acacia

See also|

* Freemasonry
* Odd Fellows
* Gentlemen's club
* Secret society

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