Pinanga

Genus of palms

Pinanga

Pinanga cleistantha in Malaysia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Plantae
Clade:  | Tracheophytes
Clade:  | Angiosperms
Clade:  | Monocots
Clade:  | Commelinids
Order:  | Arecales
Family:  | Arecaceae
Subfamily:  | Arecoideae
Tribe:  | Areceae
Subtribe:  | Arecinae
Genus:  | Pinanga
Blume, 1838
Synonyms[1]

* Cladosperma Griff.
* Ophiria Becc.
* Pseudopinanga Burret

Pinanga is a genus of flowering plant of the palm family in the subtribe Arecinae. It is native to eastern and southern Asia (India, China, Indo-China, Malesia) across to New Guinea.[1][2][3][4]

## Species

[edit]

Accepted species:[1]

* Pinanga acaulis Ridl.
* Pinanga acuminata A.J.Hend.
* Pinanga adangensis Ridl.
* Pinanga albescens Becc.
* Pinanga andamanensis Becc.
* Pinanga angustisecta Becc.
* Pinanga annamensis Magalon
* Pinanga arinasae Witono
* Pinanga aristata (Burret) J.Dransf.
* Pinanga arundinacea Ridl.
* Pinanga auriculata Becc.
* Pinanga badia Hodel
* Pinanga basilanensis Becc.
* Pinanga batanensis Becc.
* Pinanga baviensis Becc.
* Pinanga bicolana Fernando
* Pinanga borneensis Scheff.
* Pinanga brevipes Becc.
* Pinanga caesia Blume
* Pinanga capitata Becc.
* Pinanga cattienensis Andr.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
* Pinanga celebica Scheff.
* Pinanga chaiana J.Dransf.
* Pinanga cleistantha J.Dransf.
* Pinanga copelandii Becc.
* Pinanga coronata Blume
* Pinanga crassipes Becc.
* Pinanga cucullata J.Dransf.
* Pinanga cupularis A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
* Pinanga curranii Becc.
* Pinanga declinata A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
* Pinanga decora L.Linden & Rodigas
* Pinanga densiflora Becc.
* Pinanga dicksonii Blume
* Pinanga disticha Blume
* Pinanga dumetosa J.Dransf.
* Pinanga egregia Fernando
* Pinanga forbesii Ridl.
* Pinanga fractiflexa Hodel
* Pinanga furfuracea Blume
* Pinanga geonomiformis Becc.
* Pinanga glauca Ridl.
* Pinanga glaucifolia Fernando
* Pinanga globulifera Merr.
* Pinanga globulifera Blume
* Pinanga gracilis Blume
* Pinanga gracillima Merr.
* Pinanga grandijuga Burret
* Pinanga grandis Burret
* Pinanga griffithii Becc.
* Pinanga heterophylla Becc.
* Pinanga hexasticha Kurz
* Pinanga hookeriana Becc.
* Pinanga humilis A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
* Pinanga hymenospatha Hook.f.
* Pinanga inaequalis Blume
* Pinanga insignis Becc.
* Pinanga isabelensis Becc.
* Pinanga jamariensis C.K.Lim
* Pinanga jambusana C.K.Lim
* Pinanga javana Blume
* Pinanga johorensis C.K.Lim & Saw
* Pinanga keahi Furtado
* Pinanga kontumensis A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
* Pinanga lacei A.J.Hend.
* Pinanga latisecta Blume
* Pinanga lepidota Rendle
* Pinanga ligulata Becc.
* Pinanga limbangensis C.K.Lim
* Pinanga limosa Ridl.
* Pinanga macrospadix Burret
* Pinanga maculata Porte ex Lem.
* Pinanga malaiana Scheff.
* Pinanga manii Becc.
* Pinanga megalocarpa Burret
* Pinanga micholitzii Hort.
* Pinanga minor Blume
* Pinanga minuta Furtado
* Pinanga mirabilis Becc.
* Pinanga modesta Becc.
* Pinanga mooreana J.Dransf.
* Pinanga negrosensis Becc.
* Pinanga nuichuensis A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & B.V.Thanh
* Pinanga pachycarpa Burret
* Pinanga pachyphylla J.Dransf.
* Pinanga palustris Kiew
* Pinanga pantiensis J.Dransf.
* Pinanga paradoxa (Griff.) Scheff.
* Pinanga parvula Ridl.
* Pinanga patula Blume
* Pinanga pectinata Becc.
* Pinanga perakensis Becc.
* Pinanga philippinensis Becc.
* Pinanga pilosa (Burret) J.Dransf.
* Pinanga piscatorum Pierre ex Gagnep.
* Pinanga plicata A.J.Hend.
* Pinanga polymorpha Becc.
* Pinanga porrecta Burret
* Pinanga pulchella Burret
* Pinanga purpurea Hendra
* Pinanga quadrijuga Gagnep.
* Pinanga ridleyana Becc. ex Furtado
* Pinanga rigida Becc.
* Pinanga riparia Ridl.
* Pinanga rivularis Becc.
* Pinanga rumphiana (Mart.) J.Dransf. & Govaerts
* Pinanga rupestris J.Dransf.
* Pinanga salicifolia Blume
* Pinanga samarana Becc.
* Pinanga sarmentosa Saw
* Pinanga sclerophylla Becc.
* Pinanga scortechinii Becc.
* Pinanga sessilifolia Furtado
* Pinanga sibuyanensis Becc.
* Pinanga sierramadreana Fernando
* Pinanga simplicifrons (Miq.) Becc.
* Pinanga singaporensis Ridl.
* Pinanga sobolifera Fernando
* Pinanga speciosa Becc.
* Pinanga spectabilis Bull
* Pinanga stricta Becc.
* Pinanga stylosa Becc.
* Pinanga subintegra Ridl.
* Pinanga subruminata Becc.
* Pinanga subterranea[5]
* Pinanga sylvestris (Lour.) Hodel
* Pinanga tashiroi Hayata
* Pinanga tenacinervis J.Dransf.
* Pinanga tenella Scheff.
* Pinanga tomentella Becc.
* Pinanga tomentosa A.J.Hend.
* Pinanga trichoneura Becc.
* Pinanga uncinata Burret
* Pinanga urdanetana Becc. ex Martelli
* Pinanga urdanetensis Becc.
* Pinanga urosperma Becc.
* Pinanga variegata Becc.
* Pinanga veitchii H.Wendl.
* Pinanga versicolor A.J.Hend.
* Pinanga watanaiana C.K.Lim
* Pinanga woodiana Becc.
* Pinanga yassinii J.Dransf.

## Ecology

[edit]

### Pollination ecology

[edit]

The species Pinanga subterranea has a highly unusual reproductive strategy. Its subterranean flowers are pollinated beneath the surface. The seeds are dispersed by wild boars, which dig into the ground to reach the fruit.[6]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
2. ^ "IPNI Plant Name Query Results". Plant Names Project. Retrieved November 2, 2011.
3. ^ Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
4. ^ Flora of China, Vol. 23 Page 155, 山槟榔属 shan bin lang shu, Pinanga Blume, Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerlande. 1: 65. 1838.
5. ^ Green, Graeme (2023-06-26). "'Mind-boggling' palm that flowers and fruits underground thrills scientists". The Guardian. Retrieved 2023-07-03.
6. ^ Hidden in plain sight: Rare palm species that flowers underground discovered as new-to-science in Borneo. (2023, June 27). Kew. Retrieved July 10, 2023, from https://www.kew.org/about-us/press-media/pinanga-subterranea

* v
* t
* e

Arecaceae genera

Baker & Dransfield (2016) taxonomy

Calamoideae|

| Eugeissoneae|

* Eugeissona

|

Lepidocaryeae|

* Oncocalamus
* Eremospatha
* Laccosperma
* Raphia
* Lepidocaryum
* Mauritia
* Mauritiella

Calameae|

* Korthalsia
* Eleiodoxa
* Salacca
* Metroxylon
* Pigafetta
* Plectocomia
* Myrialepis
* Plectocomiopsis
* Calamus

Nypoideae|

* Nypa

Coryphoideae|

| Sabaleae|

* Sabal

|

Cryosophileae|

* Schippia
* Trithrinax
* Zombia
* Coccothrinax
* Hemithrinax
* Leucothrinax
* Thrinax
* Chelyocarpus
* Cryosophila
* Itaya
* Sabinaria

Phoeniceae|

* Phoenix

Trachycarpeae|

* Chamaerops
* Guihaia
* Trachycarpus
* Rhapidophyllum
* Maxburretia
* Rhapis
* Livistona
* Licuala
* Johannesteijsmannia
* Pholidocarpus
* Saribus
* Lanonia
* Acoelorraphe
* Serenoa
* Brahea
* Colpothrinax
* Copernicia
* Pritchardia
* Washingtonia

Chuniophoeniceae|

* Chuniophoenix
* Kerriodoxa
* Nannorrhops
* Tahina

Caryoteae|

* Caryota
* Arenga

Corypheae|

* Corypha

Borasseae|

* Bismarckia
* Satranala
* Hyphaene
* Medemia
* Latania
* Lodoicea
* Borassodendron
* Borassus

Ceroxyloideae|

* Pseudophoenix
* Ceroxylon
* Juania
* Oraniopsis
* Ravenea
* Ammandra
* Aphandra
* Phytelephas

Arecoideae|

* Podococcus
* Orania
* Sclerosperma
* Roystonea
* Reinhardtia
* Manicaria
* Hyospathe
* Leopoldinia

| Iriarteeae|

* Iriartella
* Dictyocaryum
* Iriartea
* Socratea
* Wettinia

|

Chamaedoreeae|

* Hyophorbe
* Wendlandiella
* Synechanthus
* Chamaedorea
* Gaussia

Cocoseae|

* Beccariophoenix
* Jubaeopsis
* Voanioala
* Allagoptera
* Attalea
* Butia
* Cocos
* Jubaea
* Syagrus
* Parajubaea
* Acrocomia
* Astrocaryum
* Aiphanes
* Bactris
* Desmoncus
* Barcella
* Elaeis

Euterpeae|

* Euterpe
* Prestoea
* Neonicholsonia
* Oenocarpus

Geonomateae|

* Welfia
* Pholidostachys
* Calyptrogyne
* Calyptronoma
* Asterogyne
* Geonoma

Pelagodoxeae|

* Pelagodoxa
* Sommieria

Areceae|

* Actinorhytis
* Archontophoenix
* Actinokentia
* Chambeyronia
* Kentiopsis
* Areca
* Nenga
* Pinanga
* Basselinia
* Burretiokentia
* Cyphophoenix
* Cyphosperma
* Lepidorrhachis
* Physokentia
* Carpoxylon
* Satakentia
* Neoveitchia
* Cyphokentia
* Clinosperma
* Dypsis
* Lemurophoenix
* Marojejya
* Masoala
* Calyptrocalyx
* Linospadix
* Howea
* Laccospadix
* Oncosperma
* Deckenia
* Acanthophoenix
* Tectiphiala
* Ptychosperma
* Ponapea
* Adonidia
* Balaka
* Veitchia
* Carpentaria
* Wodyetia
* Drymophloeus
* Normanbya
* Brassiophoenix
* Ptychococcus
* Jailoloa
* Manjekia
* Wallaceodoxa
* Rhopalostylis
* Hedyscepe
* Nephrosperma
* Phoenicophorium
* Roscheria
* Verschaffeltia
* Bentinckia
* Clinostigma
* Cyrtostachys
* Dictyosperma
* Dransfieldia
* Heterospathe
* Hydriastele
* Iguanura
* Loxococcus
* Rhopaloblaste

Taxon identifiers

Pinanga|

* Wikidata: Q2234868
* Wikispecies: Pinanga
* BOLD: 417737
* CoL: 8W2FX
* EoL: 29383
* FNA: 125497
* FoC: 125497
* GBIF: 2739291
* GRIN: 9407
* iNaturalist: 128968
* IPNI: 31439-1
* IRMNG: 1295238
* ITIS: 564929
* NCBI: 252729
* NZOR: 23b61f52-c94f-4705-b47f-a2c5ec87165b
* Open Tree of Life: 959836
* PLANTS: PINAN
* POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:31439-1
* Tropicos: 40009031
* WFO: wfo-4000029763

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