Pooideae

Subfamily of plants

Pooideae

Quaking grass (Briza media)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Plantae
Clade:  | Tracheophytes
Clade:  | Angiosperms
Clade:  | Monocots
Clade:  | Commelinids
Order:  | Poales
Family:  | Poaceae
Clade:  | BOP clade
Subfamily:  | Pooideae
Subdivisions

See text.

The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family Poaceae, with about 4,000 species in 15 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. They are often referred to as cool-season grasses, because they are distributed in temperate climates.[1] All of them use the C3 photosynthetic pathway.

The Pooideae are the sister group of the bamboos within the BOP clade, and are themselves subdivided into 15 tribes.[1]

## Evolutionary history

[edit]

Pooidae started diversifying in the Late Eocene, and their radiation was especially intense during the Oligocene and Miocene epochs.[2]

## Phylogeny

[edit]

Relationships of tribes in the Pooideae according to a 2017 phylogenetic classification, also showing the bamboos as sister group:[1]

bamboos (Bambusoideae)

|

Pooideae |

|  |

Brachyelytreae

|

| Nardodae  |

|  |

Lygeeae

|

Nardeae

|  |

|  |

Duthieeae

|

Phaenospermateae

| Melicodae  |

|  |

Brylkinieae

|

Meliceae

| Stipodae  |

|  |

Stipeae

|

Ampelodesmeae

|  |

Diarrheneae

|

"core Pooideae"  |

|  |

Brachypodieae

|

| Triticodae  |

|  |

Littledaleae

|

|  |

Bromeae

|

Triticeae

Poodae  |

| Poeae |

| chloroplast group 1  |

|  |

Torreyochloinae

|

|  |

|  |

Phalaridinae

|

|  |

Anthoxanthinae

|

Aveninae

Agrostidinae  |

|  |

Brizinae

|

|  |

Echinopogoninae

|

|  |

Agrostideae

|

Calothecinae

(Aveninae type)
chloroplast group 2  |

|  |

|  |

Coleanthinae

|

Poodinae  |

|  |

Miliinae

|

|  |

Poinae

|

|  |

Phleinae

|

|  |

Beckmanniinae

|

|  |

Cinninae

|

|  |

Alopecurinae

|

Ventenatinae

|  |

Sesleriinae

|

|  |

Holcinae

|

|  |

Scolochloinae

|

|  |

Airinae

|

|  |

Aristaveninae

|

Loliodinae  |

|  |

Loliinae

|

|  |

Dactylidinae

|

|  |

Cynosurinae

|

|  |

Parapholiinae

|

Ammochloinae

(Poinae type)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Teisher, Jordan K.; Clark, Lynn G.; Barberá, Patricia; Gillespie, Lynn J.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. (2017). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 259–290. doi:10.1111/jse.12262. hdl:10261/240149. ISSN 1674-4918.
2. ^ Pimentel, Manuel; Escudero, Marcial; Sahuquillo, Elvira; Minaya, Miguel Ángel; Catalán, Pilar (22 September 2017). "Are diversification rates and chromosome evolution in the temperate grasses (Pooideae) associated with major environmental changes in the Oligocene-Miocene?". PeerJ. 5: e3815. doi:10.7717/peerj.3815. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 5611942. PMID 28951814.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pooideae.

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Grasses (Poaceae or Gramineae)

Morphology|

* Awn
* Caryopsis
* Culm
* Ligule
* Spikelet
* Tiller
* Tussock

Ecology|

* Bamboo
* C4 carbon fixation
* Graminivore
* Grassland
* Reed bed
* Savanna
* Steppe

Subfamilies|

| Early-diverging| BOP clade| PACMAD clade

|
|

* Anomochlooideae
* Pharoideae
* Puelioideae

* Bambusoideae (bamboos)
* Oryzoideae
* Pooideae

* Aristidoideae
* Arundinoideae
* Chloridoideae
* Danthonioideae
* Micrairoideae
* Panicoideae

Uses|

| Food| Construction| Landscaping| Other

|
|
|

* Cereals
* Bamboo shoots
* Lemongrass
* Sugarcane

* Bamboo scaffolding
* Sod roof
* Thatching

* Lawn
* Ornamental grass
* Pasture
* Turf

* Bamboo musical instruments
* Bamboo textiles
* Switchgrass

Agrostology · List of Poaceae genera · see also: Graminoid · Graminid clade

Taxon identifiers

Pooideae|

* Wikidata: Q4662262
* Wikispecies: Pooideae
* APNI: 182518
* BOLD: 122321
* GRIN: 1472
* iNaturalist: 514989
* IPNI: 1143208-2
* NCBI: 147368
* Open Tree of Life: 641464
* Tropicos: 50106396
* uBio: 5952419
* VASCAN: 258

Authority control databases: National |

* Czech Republic

|

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