Pregnancy specific biological substances

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Pregnancy-specific biological substances, which include the placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic fluid, and amniotic membrane are being studied for a number of health uses.[1] For example, Placental-derived stem cells are being studied so they can serve as a potential treatment method for cell therapy.[2] Hepatocyte-like cells (HLC) are generated from differentiated human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC) that are abundant in the placenta.[2][3] HLC may replace hepatocytes for hepatocyte transplantation to treat acute or chronic liver damage.[3]

Recent research has shown that the placenta and placenta derivatives are being regenerative cell therapies and also includes immunological features. Placenta structures consist of unique physiognomies. Placenta's structure not only regulates its function but also gives the probability of efficient use in clinics and in biotechnology.[4]

According to a research study by Bhattacharya N., Anemia caused by Diabetes mellitus in patients with albuminuria can be treated with cord blood transfusion.[5] The research showed increased in albumin per gram of creatinine that assessed for albuminuria for patients that received cord blood transfusions.[5]

## References

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1. ^ Bhattacharya, Niranjan; Stubblefield, Phillip (2011). Regenerative Medicine Using Pregnancy-Specific Biological Substances (1 ed.). London: Springer-Verlag London. pp. 11–23\. ISBN 978-1-84882-718-9.
2. ^ a b Evangelista, Marco; Soncini, Maddalena; Parolini, Ornella (September 2008). "Placenta-derived stem cells: new hope for cell therapy?". Cytotechnology. 58 (1): 33–42\. doi:10.1007/s10616-008-9162-z. ISSN 0920-9069. PMC 2593758. PMID 19002775.
3. ^ a b Manuelpillai, Jing Yang Tee, Vijesh Vaghjiani, Yu Han Liu, Padma Murthi, James Chan and Ursula (2012-12-31). "Immunogenicity and Immunomodulatory Properties of Hepatocyte-like Cells Derived from Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells". Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 8 (1).`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
4. ^ Pogozhykh, Olena; Prokopyuk, Volodymyr; Figueiredo, Constança; Pogozhykh, Denys (2018-01-18). "Placenta and Placental Derivatives in Regenerative Therapies: Experimental Studies, History, and Prospects". Stem Cells International. 2018: 1–14\. doi:10.1155/2018/4837930. ISSN 1687-966X. PMC 5822788. PMID 29535770.
5. ^ a b Bhattacharya, N. (2006). "Placental umbilical cord blood transfusion: a new method of treatment of patients with diabetes and microalbuminuria in the background of anemia". Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology. 33 (3): 164–168\. ISSN 0390-6663. PMID 17089581.

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