President of Turkmenistan

Head of state and head of government of Turkmenistan

Main article: List of presidents of Turkmenistan

President of Turkmenistan

Türkmenistanyň prezidenti

Emblem of Turkmenistan

Standard of the president of Turkmenistan

Incumbent
Serdar Berdimuhamedow

since 19 March 2022

Style| Mr President
(informal)
Distinguished President of Turkmenistan
(formal)
His Excellency[1]
(diplomatic)
Type| Head of state
Head of government
Commander-in-Chief
Member of|

* Cabinet of Ministers
* State Security Council
* CIS Council of Heads of State

Residence| Oguzhan Presidential Palace
Seat| Ashgabat
Appointer| Direct popular vote
Term length| Seven years,
renewable
Constituting instrument| Constitution of Turkmenistan (1992)
Formation| 2 November 1990; 34 years ago (1990-11-02) (Turkmen SSR)
27 October 1991; 33 years ago (1991-10-27) (Turkmenistan)
First holder| Saparmyrat Nyýazow
Succession| Chairman of the Assembly of Turkmenistan
Deputy| Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan
Salary| 442,800 Turkmenistani manat/120,000 USD annually[2]

The president of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň prezidenti), who is also the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan, is the head of state and head of government of Turkmenistan. The president is also the supreme commander in chief of the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan and heads the State Security Council.

Serdar Berdimuhamedow is the current president of Turkmenistan, the third in the history of the country since it gained independence with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. He succeeded his father, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow when the latter stepped down in 2022 after a reign of 15 years, the first president to do so. In the 2022 election, Berdimuhamedow received 72.97% of the country's popular vote against nine other candidates. International observers have criticized the honesty of this election.[3] The country passed reforms in 2016 eliminating term limits for the presidency and removing the previous age requirement of below 70, as well as extending the term from five to seven years.[4]

## Requirements for presidents, removal from office, and succession

[edit]

Requirements for candidates for president of Turkmenistan include the following:[5]

* Must have been born in Turkmenistan
* Must be fluent in Turkmen
* Must be at least 40 years old
* Must have resided in Turkmenistan for the past 15 consecutive years
* Must be employed

The powers of the president of Turkmenistan may be terminated in accordance with article 57 of the Turkmen constitution in the event of:

* Inability to perform their duties due to illness
* Violation of the constitution and public laws
* A vote of no confidence in the president

Should the president be removed from office as well as in the event of death or resignation, the chairman of the Assembly is legally appointed as acting president, with elections being held no later than 60 days after the fact. This has never taken place; in 2006, when Turkmenistan's only presidential vacancy occurred due to Nyýazow's death in office, the State Security Council of Turkmenistan transferred the right to act as President to the first deputy chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers on an ad-hoc basis. The requirement that an acting president does not have the right to run for president was also dropped.

## Residence

[edit]

The Oguzkhan Presidential Palace is the principal residence/workplace of the president, located on Independence Square in Ashgabat. The various halls of the palace are used to receive foreign leaders and sign presidential decrees. Former President Saparmyrat Nyýazow owned a private residence in an official residence in Arshabil, a town 28 kilometres outside of Ashgabat.[6]

## Transport and security

[edit]

The president of Turkmenistan utilises a specially made Boeing 777-200LR, painted in the national colours, during international and regional visits. These planes are provided by Turkmenistan Airlines. The president employs a Mercedes-Benz S-Class vehicle to transport him throughout the capital city. On some occasions, the vehicle is escorted by a mounted troop from the armed forces. The president also utilises trains to transport them from one place to another.

A vehicle of the security service in 2011.

The Presidential Security Service (Prezidentiniň howpsuzlyk gullugy) is responsible for ensuring the protection and security of the president. Established in November 1990, it is a direct reporting body of the President of Turkmenistan. In the early 1990s, the Presidential Security Service was removed from the National Security Committee and transformed into an independent body. On 23 September 1994, the Law of Turkmenistan "On the operative-search activity" came into force, according to which one of the main tasks of the service is to ensure the security of the President of Turkmenistan.[7] During state visits to foreign countries, the service provides at least 10 agents to protect the president.[8] The Presidential Security Service is organised in the following way:

* Secretariat
* Duty Division
* 1st Division (Personal guard of the president)
* 2nd Division
* 3rd Division
* 4th Division
* Special Operations Regiment
* 1st Battalion
* 2nd Battalion
* 3rd Battalion

The Presidential Security Service is currently composed of 2,000 employees.[9]

## List of presidents of Turkmenistan

[edit]

Main article: List of presidents of Turkmenistan

Politics of Turkmenistan

* Constitution
* People's Council

Chairman: Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
* President

Serdar Berdimuhamedow

* Cabinet
* Assembly

Speaker: Dünýägözel Gulmanowa
* State Security Council
* Political parties

Agrarian Party
Democratic Party

Party of Industrialists and
Entrepreneurs

* Recent elections

* Presidential: 2012
* 2017
* 2022

* Parliamentary: 2018
* 2021
* 2023

* Administrative divisions

* Region
* Districts
* Cities

* Foreign relations

Visa policy
* Human rights
* Ruhnama

* Other countries

* v
* t
* e

## See also

[edit]

* List of leaders of Turkmenistan
* Prime Minister of Turkmenistan
* Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan
* State Security Council of Turkmenistan
* Republican Party of Turkmenistan

## References

[edit]

1. ^ UNITED NATIONS HEADS OF STATE HEADS OF GOVERNMENT MINISTERS FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS Protocol and Liaison Service
2. ^ "Зарплата для избранных". www.kommersant.ru. 9 October 2006.
3. ^ "Turkmenistan leader's son wins presidential election". AP NEWS. Associated Press. 15 March 2022. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
4. ^ "The president of Turkmenistan wins re-election with 98% of the vote". The Economist. Retrieved 26 February 2017.
5. ^ "Законодательство - «Туркменистан: золотой век»". Archived from the original on 5 August 2012.
6. ^ Hiro, Dilip (November 2011). Inside Central Asia: A Political and Cultural History of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz stan, Tajikistan, Turkey, and Iran. Abrams. ISBN 9781590203781.
7. ^ "Закон Туркменистана "Об оперативно-розыскной деятельности"". base.spin form.ru.
8. ^ "Кое-что о президентской охране". 15 June 2018.
9. ^ "Some facts about the Presidential security team | Chronicles of Turkmenistan". 14 June 2013.

## External links

[edit]

* U.S. State Department profile of Turkmenistan
* Republican Party of Turkmenistan

* v
* t
* e

Leaders of Turkmenistan

Turkmen SSR|

* Ivan Mezhlauk
* Shaymardan Ibragimov
* Nikolay Paskutsky
* Grigory Aronshtam
* Yakov Popok
* Anna Muhamedow
* Yakov Chubin
* Mikhail Fonin
* Allaberdy Berdyev
* Kurban Permanov
* Şaja Batyrow
* Balyş Öwezow
* Suhan Babaýew
* Jumadurdy Garaýew
* Balyş Öwezow
* Muhammetnazar Gapurow
* Saparmyrat Nyýazow

Turkmenistan|

* Saparmurat Niyazov
* Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
* Serdar Berdimuhamedow

* v
* t
* e

Heads of state and government of Asia

Heads
of state|

| UN members
and observers|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan1
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* China
* Cyprus
* Egypt2
* Georgia1
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan1
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mongolia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* North Korea
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Philippines
* Qatar
* Russia1
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Tajikistan
* Thailand
* Timor-Leste
* Turkey1
* Turkmenistan
* United Arab Emirates
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam
* Yemen

|

limited recognized states|

* Abkhazia1
* Northern Cyprus1
* South Ossetia1
* Taiwan

Heads of
government|

| UN members
and observers|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan1
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* China
* Cyprus
* Egypt2
* Georgia1
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan1
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mongolia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* North Korea
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Philippines
* Qatar
* Russia1
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Tajikistan
* Thailand
* Timor-Leste
* Turkey1
* Turkmenistan
* United Arab Emirates
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam
* Yemen

|

limited recognized states|

* Abkhazia1
* Northern Cyprus1
* South Ossetia1
* Taiwan

Supreme leaders|

* Afghanistan
* China
* Iran
* North Korea

1 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the Europe–Asia border. 2 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the Africa–Asia border.
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