Professional fraternities and sororities

Fellowship groups for a specific field

For other uses, see Fraternity (disambiguation).

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Professional fraternities, in the North American fraternity system, are organizations whose primary purpose is to promote the interests of a particular profession and whose membership is restricted to students in that particular field of professional education or study. This may be contrasted with service fraternities and sororities, whose primary purpose is community service, and social fraternities and sororities, whose primary purposes are generally aimed towards some other aspect, such as the development of character, friendship, leadership, or literary ability.

Professional fraternities are often confused with honor societies because of their focus on a specific discipline. Professional fraternities are significantly different from honor societies in that honor societies are associations designed to provide recognition of the past achievement of those who are invited to membership. Honor society membership, in most cases, requires no period of pledging, and new candidates may be immediately inducted into membership after meeting predetermined academic criteria and paying a one-time membership fee. Because of their purpose of recognition, most honor societies will have much higher academic achievement requirements for membership.

Professional fraternities, on the other hand, work to build brotherhood among members and cultivate the strengths of members to promote their profession and to provide assistance to one another in their mutual areas of professional study. Membership in a professional fraternity may be the result of a pledge process, much like a social fraternity, and members are expected to remain loyal and active in the organization for life. Within their professional field of study, their membership is exclusive; however, they may initiate members who belong to other types of fraternities.

## History

[edit]

The first professional fraternity was founded at Transylvania University in Lexington, Kentucky in 1819: the Kappa Lambda Society of Aesculapius, established to bring together students of the medical profession. The fraternity lasted until about 1858.

Of the professional fraternities still in existence, the oldest is Phi Delta Phi founded at the University of Michigan in 1869; however, Phi Delta Phi changed its mission in 2012 to become an honor society for law school students.

## Title IX applied to professional fraternities

[edit]

In the United States fraternity system, professional fraternities are usually co-educational in accordance with Federal Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (commonly referred to as "Title IX"). This federal law discourages discrimination based on sex in any college or university receiving federal financial assistance.[1] However, the membership practices of social fraternities and sororities are exempt from Title IX in section (A)(6)(a). The U.S. Department of Education (DOE) regulations adopted under Title IX also allow such an exception for "the membership practices of social fraternities and sororities." (34 C.F.R. Sec. 106.14(a)).[2]

Before Title IX, many professional fraternities were all male and most professional sororities/women's fraternities were all female. Several of these professional fraternities and sororities even considered themselves both professional and social organizations because they often emphasized the social aspects of their activities. During the ensuing years since the enactment of Title IX, single-sex professional fraternities and sororities became coeducational to conform to Title IX. Several organizations simply opened their membership to both men and women. For example, Phi Chi (medicine) opened membership to women in 1973; Phi Beta (music and speech) opened membership to men in 1976; and Delta Omicron (music) opened membership to men in 1979. A few single-sex groups merged with other organizations, such as Phi Delta Delta, a women's professional law fraternity, merged with Phi Alpha Delta (law) in 1972.

Even though Title IX was enacted in 1972, there are still professional fraternities and sororities or their chapters that have not become coeducational and therefore, do not conform to Title IX. Generally, these groups still claim to be both professional and social organizations, for instance, Alpha Gamma Rho (men in agriculture), Alpha Omega Epsilon (women in engineering), and Sigma Phi Delta (men in engineering).

Several social fraternities and sororities have membership practices of selecting their members primarily from students enrolled in particular majors or areas of study, including Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, Phi Sigma Rho, and Triangle. Nevertheless, these groups are social, rather than professional, organizations.[3] Although they select members from students in a particular field of study, like a professional fraternity, they are single-sex social organizations because their purposes focus only on the social development of their members. Examples of groups that have been officially granted exemption from Title IX by the DOE to remain single-sex include Sigma Alpha Iota in 1981 [4] and Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia in 1983.[5]

## Umbrella organizations

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Many professional fraternities, particularly those of the highest esteem and reputation, are members of the Professional Fraternity Association (PFA).[6] This group resulted in 1978 from a merger of the Professional Interfraternity Conference (PIC) (for men's group) and the Professional Panhellenic Association (PPA) (for women's groups). In 2013, faced with an increase in campus policies that require student organizations to take all students, the PFA adopted a resolution against All Comers policies.[7]

## List of professional fraternities

[edit]

### Arts, literature, and media

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Delta Chi Xi | ΔΧΞ | 2010  | Dance  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Delta Kappa Phi | ΔΚΦ | 1899  | Textiles  | Local, Lowell Textile School | Fraternity  | Active  | [a]
Delta Kappa Alpha | ΔΚΑ | 1936  | Cinema  | National (US)  | Gender Inclusive  | Active  |
Gamma Epsilon Tau | ΓΕΤ | 1953  | Graphic artists honor society  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Gamma Xi Phi | ΓΞΦ | 2010  | African American artists and creators  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [8]
Omega Xi Alpha | ΟΞΑ | 1928  | Journalism  | Regional  | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Phi Alpha Tau | ΦΑΤ | 1902  | Communicative arts  | Local, Emerson College | Fraternity  | Active  | [9]
Phi Beta | ΦΒ | 1912  | Creative and performing arts  | National (US)  | Fraternity, gender inclusive  | Active  |
Phi Psi | ΦΨ | 1903  | Textile arts and manufacturing engineering  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Zeta Phi Eta | ΖΦΗ | 1893  | Communication arts and sciences  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |

### Agriculture

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Alpha Gamma Rho | ΑΓΡ | 1904  | Agriculture  | International (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Alpha Gamma Sigma | ΑΓΣ | 1923  | Agriculture  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Alpha Tau Alpha | ΑΤΑ | 1921  | Agriculture and extension education  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Alpha Zeta | ΑΖ | 1897  | Agriculture and natural resources  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Delta Theta Sigma | ΔΘΣ | 1906  | Agriculture  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Sigma Alpha | ΣΑ | 1978  | Agriculture  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |

### Business and economics

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Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Alpha Kappa Psi | ΑΚΨ | 1904  | Business  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Alpha Iota | ΑΙ | 1905  | Business  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |
Delta Sigma Pi | ΔΣΠ | 1907  | Business  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Epsilon Nu Tau | ΕΝΤ | 2008  | Entrepreneurship  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Eta Phi Beta | ΗΦΒ | 1942  | Business, African American  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |
Eta Rho Sigma | ΗΡΣ | 2020  | Business  | National (US)  | Sorority/Women  | Active  | [10][11]
Kappa Eta Phi | ΚΗΦ | 2011  | Business, International Business  | Local  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [12]
Gamma Iota Sigma | ΓΙΣ | 1966  | Insurance, risk management, actuarial sciences | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Iota Phi Lambda | ΙΦΛ | 1929  | Business and professional African Americans  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |
Lambda Kappa Mu | ΛΚΜ | 1937  | Business and professional African Americans  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  | [13][14]
Omicron Delta Epsilon | ΟΔΕ | 1963  | Economics honor society  | International  | Society, coed  | Active  |
Phi Chi Theta | ΦΧΘ | 1924  | Business  | National (US)  | Women's fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Phi Gamma Nu | ΦΓΝ | 1924  | Business  | National (US)  | Sorority, coed  | Active  |
Pi Sigma Epsilon | ΠΣΕ | 1952  | Marketing and sales management  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Sigma Iota Epsilon | ΣΙΕ | 1927  | Management honorary and professional society  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |

### Education

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Delta Kappa Gamma | ΔΚΓ | 1929  | Education  | International  | Society, female  | Active  |
Kappa Delta Epsilon | ΚΔΕ | 1933  | Education  | Nationa  | Society, coed  | Active  |
Kappa Delta Pi | ΚΔΠ | 1911  | Education honor society  | International  | Society, coed  | Active  |
Phi Delta Kappa | ΦΔΚ | 1906  | Education  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Phi Delta Kappa | ΦΔΚ | 1923  | Education  | International  | Sorority, coed  | Active  |
Phi Delta Pi | ΦΔΠ | 1916  | Physical education, health sciences, and recreation | National (US)  | Sorority  | Inactive  |
Phi Epsilon Kappa | ΦΕΚ | 1913  | Physical education, performance, sports management  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |

### Science, technology, engineering, and math

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Alpha Chi Sigma | ΑΧΣ | 1902  | Chemistry  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Alpha Omega Epsilon | ΑΩΕ | 1983  | Engineering  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |
Alpha Rho Chi | ΑΡΧ | 1914  | Architecture  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Alpha Sigma Kappa | ΑΣΚ | 1989  | Architecture, engineering, mathematics, and sciences  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |
Beta Psi Omega | ΒΨΩ | 2010  | Biology  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [15][16][17]
Kappa Eta Kappa | ΚΗΚ | 1923  | Electrical and computer engineering  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Kappa Theta Pi | ΚΘΠ | 2012  | Information technology  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Pi Mu Epsilon | ΠΜΕ | 1914  | Mathematics honor society  | National (US)  | Society, coed  | Active  |
Phi Sigma Rho | ΦΣΡ | 1984  | Science, technology, engineering, mathematics  | National (US)  | Sorority and non-binary  | Active  |
Pi Delta Nu | ΠΔΝ | 1921–1950s  | Chemistry  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Inactive  |
Scarab |  | 1909–19xx ?  | Architecture, landscape architecture, architectural engineering  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Inactive, Merged  |
Sigma Phi Delta | ΣΦΔ | 1924  | Engineering  | International  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Tau Omega | ΤΩ | 1927  | Aeronautical engineering  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Inactive, Merged  |
Theta Tau | ΘΤ | 1904  | Engineering  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed or male by chapter  | Active  |
Triangle Fraternity |  | 1907  | Engineering, architecture, and sciences  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |

### Law

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Delta Theta Phi | ΔΘΦ | 1900  | Law  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Gamma Eta Gamma | ΓΗΓ | 1901  | Law  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Kappa Alpha Pi | ΚΑΠ | 2007  | Law  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Lincoln's Inn Society |  | 1907  | Law  | Local, Harvard Law School | Social club, coed  | Inactive  |
Phi Alpha Delta | ΦΑΔ | 1902  | Law  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Phi Delta Delta | ΦΔΔ | 1911–1972  | Law  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Inactive  | [b]
Phi Delta Phi | ΦΔΦ | 1869  | Law honor (formerly professional)  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [c]
Sigma Alpha Nu | ΣΑΝ | 2005  | Pre-law  | Local, University of California, Berkeley | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [18][19]
Pi Lambda Sigma | ΠΛΣ | 2016  | Pre-law, Government  | Local, Cornell University | Society, coed  | Active  | [20][21]

### Medicine

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Aleph Yodh He | איה | 1908–1921  | Medicine, Jewish  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Alpha Delta Theta | ΑΔΘ | 1944  | Medical technology  | Local, was national  | Sorority  | Active  |
Alpha Delta Upsilon | ΑΔΥ |  | Chiropractic |  | Sorority  | Active  | [22][23]
Alpha Epsilon Iota | ΑΕΙ | 1890–1979  | Medical  | National (US)  | Women's fraternity  | Inactive  |
Alpha Gamma Kappa | ΑΓΚ | 1939  | Podiatry | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Alpha Kappa Kappa | ΑΚΚ | 1888–20xx ?  | Medicine  | International, then local  | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Alpha Omega | ΑΩ | 1907  | Denistry, Jewish  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Alpha Psi | ΑΨ | 1907  | Veterinary medicine | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Alpha Tau Delta | ΑΤΔ | 1921  | Nursing  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Alpha Tau Sigma | ΑΤΣ | 1912–1964  | Medical  | Local, American School of Osteopathy | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Beta Chi |  | 1883–1884  | Medical  | Local, Yale University | Fraternity  | Inactive  | [24]
Beta Sigma Kappa | ΒΣΚ | 1924  | Optometry honor  | International  | Society, coed  | Active  | [25][26]
Chi Delta Mu | ΧΔΜ | 1913  | Health professions, African American  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Chi Eta Phi | ΧΗΦ | 1932  | Nursing, African American  | International  | Sorority, Female  | Active  |
Chi Rho Sigma | ΧΡΣ | 1949* 1975  | Chiropractic | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [27]
Chi Zeta Chi | ΧΖΧ | 1901–1929  | Medicine  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Delta Epsilon Mu | ΔΕΜ | 1996  | Pre-health, health-related fields  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Delta Omicron Alpha | ΔΟΑ | 1907–1917  | Medicine  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Delta Sigma Chi | ΔΣΧ | 1913  | Chiropractic | International  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Delta Sigma Delta | ΔΣΔ | 1882  | Dentistry  | International  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Epsilon Psi Epsilon | ΕΨΕ | 1911  | Optometry | Local, Ohio State University | Fraternity  | Active  |
Hygeia Medical Sorority | HMS | 2009  | Medicine  | Local, Universidad Mayor de San Simón | Sorority  | Active  | [28]
Kappa Beta Phi (medical)  | ΚΒΦ | 1924  | Medicine  | Local, Jefferson Medical College | Fraternity  | active  | [29]
Kappa Gamma Delta | ΚΓΔ | 1994  | Pre-medical  | Regional, California  | Sorority  | Active  |
Kappa Tau Epsilon | ΚΤΕ |  | Podiatry  | Local, Kent State  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [30]
Mu Epsilon Delta | ΜΕΔ | 1965  | Health  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Nu Sigma Nu | ΝΣΝ | 1882  | Medicine  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Omega Delta | ΩΔ | 1919  | Optometry  | National  | Fraternity  | Active  | [31]
Omega Tau Sigma | ΩΤΣ | 1906  | Veterinary medicine  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Omega Upsilon Phi | ΩΥΦ | 1894–1934  | Medicine  | International  | Fraternity  | Inactive, Merged  | [d]
Phi Alpha Gamma | ΦΑΓ | 1894–1948  | Osteopathic medicine | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Inactive, Merged  | [e]
Phi Alpha Sigma | ΦΑΣ | 1888  | Medicine  | National  | Fraternity  | Active  | [32][33]
Phi Beta Pi | ΦΒΠ | 1891  | Medicine  | Local, formerly National  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Phi Chi | ΦΧ | 1889  | Medicine  | International  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Phi Delta | ΦΔ | 1901–1918  | Medicine  | International  | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Phi Delta Epsilon | ΦΔΕ | 1904  | Medicine  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Phi Kappa Mu | ΦΚΜ | 1933  | Medicine  | Local, University of the Philippines College of Medicine | Fraternity  | Active  |
Phi Lambda Kappa | ΦΛΚ | 1907  | Medicine  | International  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Phi Rho Sigma | ΦΡΣ | 1890  | Medicine  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Phi Sigma Gamma | ΦΣΓ | 1890  | Osteopathic  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Pi Mu | ΠΜ | 1892–1922  | Medical honor society  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Inactive, Merged  | [f]
Psi Omega | ΨΩ | 1892  | Dentistry  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Rho Psi Eta | ΡΨΗ | 2007  | Pre-Health Careers  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  | [34][35]
Sigma Mu Delta | ΣΜΔ | 1994  | Pre-medical  | Regional, California  | Fraternity  | Active  | [36]
Sigma Phi Chi | ΣΦΧ | 1911  | Chiropractic | Local, Palmer College of Chiropractic | Sorority  | Active  | [37][38]
Theta Kappa Psi | ΘΚΨ | 1879  | Medicine  | Local (previously International)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Xi Psi Phi | ΞΨΦ | 1889  | Dentistry  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |

### Military, government, and foreign service

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Coed Affiliates Pershing Rifles |  | 1966–1980s  | Military  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Inactive  |
Delta Phi Epsilon | ΔΦΕ | 1920  | Foreign Service | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Delta Phi Epsilon | ΔΦΕ | 1972  | Foreign Service | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |
Kappa Epsilon Psi | ΚΕΨ | 2011  | Military  | National/United States  | Sorority  | Active  |
Kappa Lambda Chi | ΚΛΧ | 2013  | Military  | National/United States  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Lambda Beta Alpha | ΛΒΑ | 2017  | Military  | Local, Virginia  | Sorority  | Active  |
Mu Beta Phi | ΜΒΦ | 2017  | Military  | International  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Pershing Angels |  | 1965  | Military Drill  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |
Pershing Rifles |  | 1894  | Military Drill  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  |
Scabbard and Blade |  | 1904  | Military honor  | National (US)  | Society, coed  | Active  |

### Music

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Delta Omicron | ΔΟ | 1909  | Music  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Kappa Kappa Psi | ΚΚΨ | 1919  | Band  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Mu Beta Psi | ΜΒΨ | 1925  | Music  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Mu Phi Epsilon | ΜΦΕ | 1903  | Music  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [39][40][g]
Nu Kappa Epsilon | ΝΚΕ | 1994  | Music appreciation  | National (US)  | Sorority  | Active  |
Phi Boota roota | Φᗺr | 1976  | Percussion  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [41][42]
Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia | ΦΜΑ | 1898  | Music, Social  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Active  | [h]
Sigma Alpha Iota | ΣΑΙ | 1903  | Music  | National (US)  | Women's fraternity  | Active  |
Tau Beta Sigma | ΤΒΣ | 1946  | Band, Service  | National (US)  | Sorority, coed  | Active  |

### Pharmaceutical and pharmacological

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Alpha Zeta Omega | ΑΖΩ | 1919  | Pharmacy  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Beta Phi Sigma | ΒΦΣ | 1888–1973  | Pharmacy  | National (US)  | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Delta Sigma Theta | ΔΣΘ | 1914  | Pharmacy, medical, and dentistry  | International  | Fraternity  | Inactive  |
Kappa Epsilon | ΚΕ | 1921  | Pharmacy  | National (US)  | Women's fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Kappa Psi | ΚΨ | 1879  | Pharmacy  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Lambda Kappa Sigma | ΛΚΣ | 1913  | Pharmacy  | National (US)  | Women's fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Phi Delta Chi | ΦΔΧ | 1883  | Pharmacy  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Rho Chi | ΡΧ | 1922  | Pharmacy honor society  | National (US)  | Society, coed  | Active  |
Rho Pi Phi | ΡΠΦ | 1919  | Pharmancy  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |

### Other

[edit]

Name  | Symbols  | Charter date and range  | Emphasis  | Scope  | Type  | Status  | Reference

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Alpha Epsilon Zeta  | ΑΕΖ | 2003  | Multidisciplinary  | Local  | Fraternity  | Active  | [43]
Alpha Eta Rho | ΑΗΡ | 1929  | Aviation | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
American Criminal Justice Association–Lambda Alpha Epsilon | ΛΑΕ | 1937  | Criminal Justice  | International  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Delta Omega Epsilon  | ΔΩΕ | 1985  | Civics, Academics | Local, NY Tri-state Area | Fraternity  | Active  | [44][i]
Epsilon Eta | ΕΗ | 2006  | Environmental, Sustainability  | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Pi Sigma Eta | ΠΣΗ | 1930  | Mortician honorary, funeral service | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [45][46]
Sigma Alpha Sigma Mu | ΣΑΣΜ | 2012  | Sports management | Local, Ohio University | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [47]
Sigma Phi Sigma | ΣΦΣ |  | funeral service | National (US)  | Fraternity, coed  | Active  |
Sigma Psi Mu | ΣΨΜ |  | Sports management and entertainment management  | Local, University of South Carolina | Fraternity, coed  | Active  | [48]
Sigma Rho | ΣΡ | 1892  | Mining | Local, Michigan Technological University | Fraternity  | Active  | [49][50]

### Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Previously had six chapters in five U.S. states.
2. ^ Merged with Phi Alpha Delta in 1972.
3. ^ Formed as a professional society but became an honor society in 2012.
4. ^ Defunct after Phi Beta Pi 1934 merger; Alpha chapter joined Phi Chi
5. ^ Merged with Phi Chi in 1948
6. ^ Merged with Phi Chi in 1922.
7. ^ Chartered as National Music sorority; changed status to Honor Society in 1935. Changed to Professional Music Sorority in 1944. Became a co-ed Professional Music Fraternity in 1977.
8. ^ Originally a men's music social fraternity but was co-ed from 1976 to 1983. Returned to all-male ever since in 1985.
9. ^ Formed as a local coed organization with an emphasis on civics. However, after going inactive, in 1991, it was reestablished as a traditional social fraternity.

## See also

[edit]

* College fraternities and sororities
* Honor society

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Title IX Archived 2007-04-03 at the Wayback Machine, United States Department of Justice
2. ^ ""Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-07-26.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Code of Federal Regulations, PART 106: NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
3. ^ Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia – Sinfonia's Classification
4. ^ "Sigma Alpha Iota". Sigma Alpha Iota. Archived from the original on 2010-11-30. Retrieved 2010-12-09.
5. ^ "Phi Mu Alpha". Phi Mu Alpha. Archived from the original on 2014-03-06.
6. ^ "Home". www.professionalfraternity.org. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
7. ^ "All Comers Resolution" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016.
8. ^ "Gamma Xi Phi". Gamma Xi Phi. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
9. ^ "Phi Alpha Tau | Emerson Connect". Emerson College. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
10. ^ "Eta Rho Sigma Sorority, Incorporated". Eta Rho Sigma Sorority, Incorporated. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
11. ^ "Eta Rho Sigma Sorority, Incorporated Announces the Launch of Their Society Curated by Her for Her". Women to Women Magazine. 2023-03-22. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
12. ^ "About | IU KEP". Kappa Eta Phi. Retrieved 2024-09-10.
13. ^ "History". Omicron Chapter of Iota Phi Lambda Sorority, Incorporated. Retrieved 2025-03-21.
14. ^ "About". Lambda Kappa Mu Sorority, Inc. Retrieved 2025-03-21.
15. ^ "Chapters and Colonies". Beta Psi Omega. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
16. ^ "About". Beta Psi Omega. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
17. ^ "Beta Psi Omega | Home". West Virginia University. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
18. ^ "Sigma Alpha Nu | Professional Pre-Law Fraternity". Sigma Alpha Nu. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
19. ^ "Sigma Alpha Nu - CalLink at UC Berkeley". University of California at Berkeley. Retrieved 2023-02-02.
20. ^ "Pi Lambda Sigma". Cornell PFC. Retrieved 2024-01-27.
21. ^ "Cornell Polis – Home". Polis Cornell. Retrieved 2024-01-27.
22. ^ "Alpha Delta Upsilon". Life University. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
23. ^ "Alpha Delta Upsilon Professional Chiropractic Sorority". www.adulife.yolasite.com. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
24. ^ Havemeyer, Loomis. (January 1961) Yale's Extracurricular & .Social Organizations, 1780-1960. Yale University. p. 8. via ElisScholar. Accessed October 21, 2024.
25. ^ "Beta Sigma Kappa - International Optometric Honor Society". betasigmakappa.net. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
26. ^ Henson, Brooke (October 21, 2021). "American Academy of Optometry announces 2021 recipient of the Beta Kappa Research Fellowship". Optometry Times. Retrieved 2023-02-02.
27. ^ "Chi Rho Sigma | Logan Connect". Logan University. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
28. ^ La hermandad Hygeia Medical Sorority celebra su décimo aniversario
29. ^ "Chapter 3- Student Organizations, (2009). Legend and Lore: Jefferson Medical College. Paper 4. p. 1113-114. via The Jefferson Digital Commons / Thomas Jefferson University
30. ^ "Kappa Tau Epsilon (KTE) | Kent State University". www.kent.edu. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
31. ^ Northern Illinois College Optometry Focus Yearbook page 54
32. ^ "Early Penn Fraternities: Phi Alpha Sigma". University Archives and Records Center. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
33. ^ "The Fraternities". Jefferson Interfraternal Council. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
34. ^ "Home". Rho Psi Eta UCSB. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
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36. ^ Lurding, Carroll and Becque, Fran. (February 19, 2023) "Sigma Mu Delta". Almanac of Fraternities and Sororities. Urbana: University of Illinois. Accessed February 23, 2023.
37. ^ Biography of Palmer Mabel Heath (February 2022) Palmer College of Chiropractic. Accessed May 17, 2024.
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## External links

[edit]

* Professional Fraternity Association webpage

* v
* t
* e

Professional fraternities and sororities organizations and members

Currently active members of the
Professional Fraternity Association|

* Alpha Zeta
* Alpha Kappa Psi
* Alpha Rho Chi
* Alpha Phi Omega
* Alpha Chi Sigma
* Alpha Omega Epsilon
* Delta Chi Xi
* Delta Epsilon Mu
* Delta Theta Phi
* Delta Kappa Alpha
* Delta Omicron
* Delta Sigma Pi
* Delta Sigma Chi
* Epsilon Nu Tau
* Theta Tau
* Kappa Epsilon
* Kappa Epsilon Psi
* Kappa Eta Kappa
* Kappa Kappa Psi
* Kappa Lambda Chi
* Kappa Psi
* Lambda Kappa Sigma
* Mu Beta Phi
* Mu Phi Epsilon
* Pi Sigma Epsilon
* Rho Pi Phi
* Sigma Alpha
* Sigma Alpha Iota
* Tau Beta Sigma
* Phi Alpha Delta
* Phi Beta
* Phi Gamma Nu
* Phi Delta Epsilon
* Phi Delta Chi
* Phi Sigma Pi
* Phi Chi Theta

Former and formerly active members of
the Professional Fraternity Association
or its predecessors:
Professional Panhellenic Association
or Professional Interfraternity Conference|

* Alpha Delta Theta
* Alpha Delta Sigma
* Alpha Kappa Kappa
* Alpha Sigma Alpha
* Alpha Tau Delta
* Alpha Omega
* Beta Alpha Psi
* Gamma Eta Gamma
* Gamma Iota Sigma
* Delta Epsilon Iota
* Delta Sigma Delta
* Delta Psi Kappa
* Epsilon Eta Phi
* Zeta Phi Eta
* Theta Kappa Psi
* Theta Sigma Upsilon
* Theta Sigma Phi
* Iota Sigma Pi
* Kappa Alpha Pi
* Kappa Beta Pi
* Kappa Delta Epsilon
* Kappa Phi Kappa
* Nu Sigma Nu
* Xi Psi Phi
* Omicron Delta Kappa
* Omicron Nu
* Pi Lambda Theta
* Sigma Delta Chi
* Sigma Nu Phi
* Sigma Sigma Sigma
* Sigma Phi Delta (now social)
* Phi Beta Gamma
* Phi Beta Pi
* Phi Delta Delta
* Phi Delta Gamma
* Phi Delta Kappa
* Phi Delta Pi
* Phi Delta Phi (now honor society)
* Phi Epsilon Kappa
* Phi Lambda Kappa
* Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia (now social)
* Phi Rho Sigma
* Phi Upsilon Omicron
* Phi Chi
* Chi Beta Phi
* Psi Omega
* Omega Tau Sigma
* Omega Upsilon Phi
* Pershing Rifles
* Scabbard and Blade
* Scarab

North American Interfraternity Conference|

* Alpha Gamma Rho
* Alpha Gamma Sigma

Active independent professional fraternities|

* Alpha Gamma Kappa
* Alpha Zeta Omega
* Alpha Eta Rho
* Alpha Iota
* Alpha Psi
* Gamma Epsilon Tau
* Delta Theta Sigma
* Delta Kappa Gamma
* Delta Kappa Phi
* Delta Phi Epsilon
* Kappa Gamma Psi
* Kappa Pi
* Nu Beta Epsilon
* Phi Delta Kappa (sorority)
* Phi Sigma Gamma
* Phi Psi
* Chi Delta Mu
* Chi Eta Phi
* Block and Bridle
* Queens' Guard

Inactive independent professional fraternities|

* Aleph Yodh He
* Alpha Epsilon Iota
* Alpha Tau Sigma
* Chi Zeta Chi
* Delta Omicron Alpha
* Delta Sigma Theta
* Pi Delta Nu

* v
* t
* e

Fraternities and sororities

Active academic fraternities originating from North America

General|

* Colony
* North American fraternity and sorority housing
* Stepping
* U.S. racism
* Hazing in Greek letter organizations
* U.S. deaths
* Philippines deaths
* Mother of Fraternities

History|

* Fraternities and sororities
* North America
* High school
* Professional
* Service
* Canada
* Lists by country/territory
* France
* Philippines
* Puerto Rico

Historically
African-American|

* ΑΚΑ
* ΑΦΑ
* ΔΣΘ
* ΖΦΒ
* ΗΦΒ
* ΙΦΘ
* ΚΑΨ
* ΣΓΡ
* ΦΒΣ
* ΦΡΗ
* ΩΨΦ
* WΨΦ

Historically
Asian/Pacific Islander-American|

* ΑΙΟ
* αΚΔΦ
* ΑΦΓ
* ΒΧΘ
* ΧΔΘ
* ΔΕΨ
* ΔΚΔ
* ΔΣΙ
* ΔΦΩ
* ΙΝΔ
* ΚΦΓ
* ΚΦΛ
* ΛΦΕ
* ΠΑΦ
* ΠΔΨ
* ΣΒΡ
* ΣΟΠ
* ΣΨΖ
* ΣΦΩ
* ΧΡΟ

Christian
fraternities and sororities|

* ΑΔΓ
* ΑΔΧ
* ΑΓΩ
* ΑΛΩ
* ΒΕΓΓΑΡΣ
* ΒΣΨ
* ΒΥΧ
* ΣΑΩ
* ΣΘΕ
* ΣΦΛ
* ΦΒΧ
* ΧΑΩ

Historically Jewish|

* ΑΕΠ
* ΑΕΦ
* ΖΒΤ
* ΣΑΕΠ
* ΣΑΜ
* ΣΔΤ
* ΤΔΦ
* ΤΕΦ

Multicultural|

* ΔΞΝ
* ΔΞΦ
* ΓΗ
* ΖΣΧ
* ΖΦΡ
* ΖΧΦ
* ΘΔΣ
* ΘΝΞ
* ΛΤΩ
* ΛΨΔ
* ΜΣΥ
* ΣΛΒ
* ΣΛΓ
* ΣΘΨ
* ΤΦΣ
* ΨΣΦ
* ΩΔΦ
* ΩΦΧ
* Delphic

Historically Scout-affiliated|

* ΑΦΩ
* ΕΤΠ
* ΓΣΣ
* ΩΦΑ

LGBTQ|

* ΑΛΖ
* ΔΛΦ
* ΓΡΛ
* ΘΠΣ
* ΚΘΕ
* ΟΕΠ
* ΣΦΒ

Native American|

* ΑΠΩ
* ΦΣΝ
* ΣΟΕ

Latino and Puerto Rican|

* ΑΒΧ
* ΑΖ
* ΑΨΛ
* ΑΟΣ
* ΔΤΛ
* ΓΑΩ
* ΓΖΑ
* ΗΓΔ
* ΚΔΧ
* ΛΑΥ
* ΛΠΥ
* ΛΠΧ
* ΛΣΥ
* ΛΘΑ
* ΛΘΝ
* ΛΘΦ
* ΛΥΛ
* ΜΑΦ
* ΝΑΚ
* ΝΣΒ
* ΣΔΑ
* ΣΙ
* ΣΙΑ
* ΣΛΑ
* ΣΛΥ
* ΣΠΑ
* ΦΔΓ
* ΦΗΜ
* ΦΙΑ
* ΦΛΑ
* ΦΣΑ
* ΧΥΣ
* ΨΑΚ
* ΩΦΒ

Major specific|

* ΑΓΡ
* ΑΓΣ
* ΑΚΨ
* ΑΣΚ
* ΑΩΕ
* ΔΣΠ
* ΚΚΨ
* ΣΑΙ
* ΤΒΣ
* ΦΣΓ
* ΦΣΡ
* Ceres
* FarmHouse
* Triangle

Social sororities|

* ΑΓΔ
* ΑΔΠ
* ΑΕΦ
* ΑΞΔ
* ΑΟΠ
* ΑΣΑ
* ΑΣΤ
* ΑΦ
* ΑΧΩ
* ΓΦΒ
* ΔΔΔ
* ΔΓ
* ΔΖ
* ΔΦΕ
* ΖΤΑ
* ΘΦΑ
* ΚΑΘ
* ΚΒΓ
* ΚΔ
* ΚΚΓ
* ΠΒΦ
* ΣΔΤ
* ΣΚ
* ΣΣΣ
* ΣΨ
* ΦΜ
* ΦΣΣ
* ΧΩ
* Clovia

Social fraternities|

* ΑΔΦ (Fraternity/Society)
* ΑΚΛ
* ΑΣΦ
* ΑΤΩ
* ΑΦΔ
* ΑΧΑ
* ΑΧΡ
* ΒΘΠ
* ΔΚΕ
* ΔΣΦ
* ΔΤΔ
* ΔΥ
* ΔΦ
* ΔΧ
* ΔΨ
* ΖΨ
* ΘΔΧ
* ΘΞ
* ΘΧ
* ΚΑ Order
* ΚΑ Society
* ΚΔΡ
* ΚΔΦ
* ΚΛΨ
* ΚΣ
* ΛΧΑ
* ΟΚΕ
* ΠΚΑ
* ΠΚΦ
* ΠΛΦ
* ΣΑΕ
* ΣΔΑ
* ΣΘΠ
* ΣΝ
* ΣΠ
* ΣΤΓ
* ΣΦ
* ΣΦΔ
* ΣΦΕ
* ΣΧ
* ΤΚΕ
* ΦΓΔ
* ΦΔΘ
* ΦΔΨ
* ΦΚΘ
* ΦΚΣ
* ΦΚΤ
* ΦΚΨ
* ΦΛΧ
* ΦΜΑ Sinfonia
* ΦΜΔ
* ΦΣΚ
* ΦΣΦ
* ΧΓΕ
* ΧΦ
* ΧΨ
* ΨΥ
* Acacia

See also|

* Freemasonry
* Odd Fellows
* Gentlemen's club
* Secret society

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