Psychosocial genomics

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Psychosocial genomics (PG) is a field of research first proposed by Ernest L. Rossi in 2002.[1] PG examines the modulation of gene expression in response to psychological, social and cultural experiences.[2][3] Independent research shows that the experience of novelty,[4] environmental enrichment[5][6] and exercise[7][8][9] facilitates activity and experience dependent gene expression and brain plasticity as well as stem cell healing processes.[10][11]

This is a top-down approach – from mind to body – that modulates the role of gene expression and brain plasticity in the development of human consciousness which can be perceived as the completion, or dynamic complement, of the bottom-up approach – direct sensorial and biological responses – as proposed by the ENCODE consortium.[12][13]

PG utilizes various methods and approaches derived from genomics, neuroscience and culturomics.[14][15] These include DNA microarrays, and computational analysis with the GSEA database.[16]

## References

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1. ^ Rossi, E. L. (2002). The Psychobiology of Gene Expression: Neuroscience and Neurogenesis in Therapeutic Hypnosis and the Healing Arts. New York: W. W. Norton Professional Books.
2. ^ Garland, E., & Howard, M.O. (2009) Neuroplasticity, psychosocial genomics, and the biopsychosocial paradigm of the 21st century. Health and Social Work, 34(3): 191-199
3. ^ Hill, R. (2014). Psychosocial Genomics: A New Vision of the Psychotherapeutic Arts. International Journal of Psychosocial Genonics, 1(1): 38-48.
4. ^ Eriksson, P., Perfilieva, E., Björk-Ericksson, T., Alborn, A.-M., Nordborg, C., Peterson, D., & Gage, F. (1998). Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nature Medicine, (4), 1313–1317.
5. ^ Clelland, C., Choi, M., Romberg, C., Clemenson, G., Fragniere, A., Tyers, P., … Bussey, F. (2009). A functional role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in spatial pattern separation. Science, (325), 210–213 .
6. ^ Kempermann, G., Kuhn,, G., & Gage, F. (1997). More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment. Nature, (386), 493–495.
7. ^ Loebrich, S., & Nedivi, E. (2009). The Function of Activity-Regulated Genes in the Nervous System. Physiology Review, (89), 1079–1103.
8. ^ Van Praag, H., Schinder, A., Christie, B., Toni, N., Palmer, T., & Gage, F. (2002). Functional Neurogenesis in the Adult Hippocampus. Nature, (415), 1030–1034.
9. ^ Van Praag, H., Kempermann, G., & Gage, F. (1999). Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in adult mouse dentate gyrus. Nature Neuroscience, (2), 266–270.
10. ^ Rossi, E. L., & Rossi, K. L. (2013). Creating New Consciousness in Everyday Life - The Psycho-Social Genomics of Self Creation. Los Osos, CA: Palisades Gateway Publishing.
11. ^ Rossi, E. L. (2002). The Psychobiology of Gene Expression: Neuroscience and Neurogenesis in Therapeutic Hypnosis and the Healing Arts. New York: W. W. Norton Professional Books.
12. ^ ENCODE Project Consortium. (2004) The ENCODE (ENCyclopedia Of DNA Elements) Project. Science, 306(5696): 636-640.
13. ^ Rossi, E. L., & Rossi, K. L. (2013). Creating New Consciousness in Everyday Life - The Psycho-Social Genomics of Self Creation. Los Osos, CA: Palisades Gateway Publishing.
14. ^ Rossi, E. L., Mortimer, J., & Rossi, K. L. (2012). Therapeutic Hypnosis, Psychotherapy and the Digital Humanities: The Culturomics and Narratives of Hypnosis, 1800-2008. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 3(54), 153–169.
15. ^ Rossi, E. L., & Rossi, K. L. (2013). Creating New Consciousness in Everyday Life - The Psycho-Social Genomics of Self Creation. Los Osos, CA: Palisades Gateway Publishing.
16. ^ Atkinson, D., Iannotti, S., Cozzolino, M., Castiglione, S., Cicatelli, A., Vyas, B., Mortimer, J., Hill, R., Chovanec, E., Chiamberlando, A., Cuadros, J., Virot, C., Kerouac, M., Kallfass, T., Krippner, S., Frederick, C., Gregory, B., Shaffran, M., Bullock, M., Soleimany, E., Rossi, A. C., Rossi, K., & Rossi, E. (2010) A new bioinformatics paradigm for the theory, research, and practice of therapeutic hypnosis. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 53(1): 27-46.