Public image of Javier Milei

Public image of the incumbent president of Argentina

Milei during a 2019 interview on Todo Noticias |  |

This article is part of
a series about

Javier Milei

|

* * *

Personal

* Political positions
* Public image
* Conan
* ¡Viva la libertad, carajo!
* Bibliography
* Capitalismo, socialismo y la trampa neoclásica
* El camino del libertario
* El fin de la inflación

* * *

Political career

* Libertarian Party
* La Libertad Avanza

* * *

59th President of Argentina
Incumbent

* Presidency
* Inauguration
* Decree 70/2023
* Law Bases
* Promotion of $LIBRA
* 2024 parliament opening
* May 25th Pact
* International trips
* Protests

* * *

Elections

* 2021
* 2023
* campaign
* primaries

* v
* t
* e

Javier Milei, the president of Argentina since 2023, has cultivated a complex and controversial public image marked by a blend of right-wing populist, right-wing libertarian, and conservative ideologies. Known for his ultra-liberal economic views and right-wing populist rhetoric, his political stance has been subject to various interpretations by international media and political commentators. Milei's rise to prominence during the 2023 Argentine presidential election, fueled by his primary win, sparked widespread attention. His proposals, including the abolition of the Central Bank of Argentina and the adoption of dollarization, have been both acclaimed and criticized.

Despite criticism and controversies, Milei's advocacy for economic liberalism, fiscal conservatism, and reduced government intervention, alongside his anti-establishment image, has resonated with a segment of the Argentine electorate frustrated with traditional political structures that brought him to the presidency. His public image encapsulates the polarizing nature of his political and economic ideologies within the context of contemporary Argentine politics.

## Life

[edit]

Javier Milei wielding a chainsaw.

Milei's life attracted significant attention and at times controversy, and has been described as eccentric,[1][2][3] and he garnered a significant following for his bombastic style, television appearances, and rock musician history; he appealed to the issues of corruption in Argentina, and railed against what he describes as Argentina's political caste.[4] He was a goalkeeper before studying economics at the University of Belgrano,[4] and also formed a cover band in his youth and has taught economics.[4] Notable moments in Milei's political campaign included a viral video of him tearing cards from a wallboard with the names of ministries that he wants to abolish and tossing them into the air as he said afuera ("out of the way"),[5] wielding a chainsaw on stage,[6] and smashing a piñata on air to symbolize his plans.[7]

Due to his eccentric hairstyle, Milei has been nicknamed El Peluca ("The Wig").[8][9] He has consistently said that he does not comb his hair, leading to significant press attention, [10] as well as comparisons to fellow right-wing populists Boris Johnson, Donald Trump,[11] and Geert Wilders.[12] Only Lilia Lemoine, vice president of his party and a cosplayer, is able to style his hair.[13] Milei is a cosplayer himself, and has a superhero persona called "General AnCap".[14] He also champions free love.[15] In a June 2020 interview, he disclosed his involvement in several threesomes and his role as a neotantra instructor, describing himself as a tantric sex instructor,[16] claiming to be able to withhold ejaculation for three months.[17] In May 2022, Milei said: "I will not be apologizing for having a penis. I don't have to feel ashamed of being a man, white, blond with light blue eyes."[18] In addition to his El Loco ("The Crazy One") nickname, news outlets called him a "rock singer and tantric sex instructor",[19] a "former tantric sex coach",[20] a "mixture of a messianic preacher and a rock star",[6] and likened him to Trump.[21] Milei calls himself "The King of the Jungle".[22][23][24]

In July 2023, Juan Luis González released El Loco, an unauthorized biography of Milei, whom he interviewed several times.[2][25] The book sought to define the New Right in Argentina, and González said he could not avoid discussing Milei, including his eccentric personal life, ranging from telepathy and esotericism to speaking with his dead dog to his "God-sent mission" to become Argentina's president.[2][3][25] In the book's preface, González wrote: "With the passing of the months, the interviews, the off-the-record meetings, following invoices, stamps, and paperwork, the work went from being a field one with almost academic edges to a tragicomic thriller, halfway between Raymond Chandler's black noirs and John Kennedy Toole's A Confederacy of Dunces."[2]

Javier Milei was elected as one of the Time Persons of the Year for 2024.[26]

## Economics

[edit]

Milei has authored several books on politics and economics, and hosted the radio programmes Cátedra librea and Demoliendo mitos.[27] He achieved notoriety and public exposure through his debates and statements on the television programmes of various channels in Argentina, which led him to pursue a political career in 2021.[4] Although part of the Austrian School, which is considered part of heterodox economics and generally holds skeptical views of using mathematics in economics, Milei frequently employs mathematical formulas and charts in his writings.[28] This has led to criticisms from both Austrian School and Argentine mainstream economists.[28][29][nb 1]

Milei has been described as a controversial and eccentric economist,[33] and ultralibertarian economist.[34] In 2021, he was accused of plagiarism in his El Cronista and Infobae columns and works from El camino del libertario to Pandenomics,[35][36] in which he was accused of having plagiarized three Mexican scientists.[37][38][39] For his columns, he was accused of having plagiarized the main authors of the Austrian School,[40] such as Henry Hazlitt, Ludwig von Mises, Murray Rothbard, Friedrich Hayek, and Walter Block. He dismissed those allegations, saying: "It doesn't make sense."[41] He argued that, as they were disclosure notes, there was no need to name the authors for a practical issue. For Pandenomics, he was accused of having plagiarized the works of other academics, such as a mathematical model to study different epidemic outbreaks throughout history, among others.[42]

## Political positions

[edit]

Main article: Political positions of Javier Milei

Political commentators categorize Milei's ideological views as a blend of populist, right-wing libertarian, and conservative strands,[43][44][45] along with ultraliberal economics,[46] right-wing populist, ultraconservative, and far-right politics,[20][47][48] and representing anti-politics.[49] Milei's proposed abolition of the Central Bank of Argentina and dollarization have met criticism.[29][50] Milei's foreign policy views have been described as radical as his social and economic views.[51] Argentine mainstream economists also criticized his economic work and his presentation, describing his concepts as confusing and arguing that the formulas he uses are not correct; in particular, they criticized his Central Bank of Argentina abolition and dollarization proposals. Milei dismissed the critics of dollarization, saying that they do not understand "the condition of transversality".[28][29]

Despite his anti-Peronism and criticism of Peronism, some commentators cited similarities and contradictions between Milei and Peronism,[52] and argued that he remains a representative of Peronism, where Peronism is not only an ideology but is considered a way to govern,[53] citing examples of left-leaning Peronism (Kirchnerism) and right-wing Peronism, such as that of Carlos Menem, who privatized and engaged in neoliberal reforms.[54][55] Others agreed that Milei is a populist but argued that he is using populism for liberal ends.[56] Milei also criticized individual politicians of the Juntos por el Cambio centre-right coalition, which he was able to push to the right since 2015.[40]

Milei's stances on social issues, such as abortion,[57] are the main reason why political commentators and other libertarians do not consider him truly a libertarian.[46] Among libertarians, some described him as a libertarian for his overall economic libertarian or neoliberal stances,[58] and rejected comparisons to Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro,[59][60] while others cited the issue of abortion as a reason not to call him a libertarian. Milei said: "I am against abortion because I believe in the life project of others. The woman can choose about her body, but what she has inside her womb is not her body, it is another individual."[46] In response, Carmen Beatriz Fernández, an expert in political communication, stated that Milei is not libertarian but a "neopopulist or right-wing authoritarian".[46] Guillermo Tell Aveledo, a political scientist and dean of the Faculty of Legal and Political Studies of the Metropolitan University of Caracas, said: "His criticisms on issues such as budgets and specific policies, both in his time as a commentator on television programmes and now as a congressman, have been directed at the size and action of the state, so he fits the profile of a libertarian."[46] At the same time, he agreed that Milei's conservative positions and other contradictions prevented him from being considered a "genuine libertarian". As a result, he argued that "paleolibertarian (conservative libertarian)" or "anarcho-capitalist", namely someone who believes in a form of stateless free-market capitalism, or that society can be organized and function only with the market without the need for the state, are more appropriate labels to describe Milei's politics.[46]

### Academic analysis

[edit]

This section needs to be updated. The reason given is: The analysis are from the day he was elected, and too speculative as a result. They may be replaced by analysis of his actual actions as president. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (March 2025)

|

Political scientists generally place Milei within the context of the global far-right,[61][62][63] along with Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro. Milei has been referred to as the "Trump of the Pampas",[64] although there is some disagreement about his comparisons with Trump.[65] Federico Finchelstein, an Argentinian historian who studies the global far-right, said that Milei was even more dangerous than Trump. On the eve of Milei's election, Finchelstein stated: "He is way more excessive and unstable than [Jair] Bolsonaro and Trump. So it's highly unpredictable what this person could do [in power]."[66] Benjamin Gedan, director of the Argentina Project at the Washington-based Wilson Center, said: "Far-right figures are giddy about Milei's victory and will attempt to recruit him to their global movement. He clearly sympathizes with many of these individuals and their political parties. That said, there are signs he will chart a more independent course."[65] Pointing to Milei's clearer outsider persona, his being a more ideologue than Trump, and a right-wing economic libertarian and opponent of protectionism, Gabriel Vommaro, a sociologist and political analyst based in Argentina, stated that it would be a mistake to make the comparison "without taking into account local particularities."[65] Instead, those opposed to Milei–Trump comparisons argued that Pedro Castillo, the former president of Peru, was a more local and apt comparison to make for Milei, both being clearer political outsiders and lacking parliamentary majority. Thus, Gerardo Munck, an Argentine professor of international relations at the University of Southern California, asked: "The problem with Milei is that he is likely to be weak rather than very strong. Is he closer to Trump or to Pedro Castillo?"[65]

While in the words of Cristóbal Rovira, a professor of political science at the Catholic University of Chile, "Milei has a libertarian component that makes him a rare creature compared to the ultra-right of Latin America", he is placed within the context of the global far right. He said: "There is a fairly global wave of the extreme right. They start in Western Europe, where the emblematic case of Jean-Marie Le Pen is in France in the 1980s, they expand to Eastern Europe and today we see that they are beginning to gain territory in other places: Trump, Bolsonaro."[61] According to Rovira, "Milei would fit into the prototype of what these ultra-rights are."[61] He said: "At an academic level we define them by two important criteria. First, they are to the right of the mainstream right and profess much more radical ideas. In the case of Argentina, Milei is positioned to the right of Macrismo. Second, they maintain an ambivalent relationship with the democratic system and sometimes profess authoritarian ideas. That differentiates them from the traditional right, which act within the rules of the democratic game."[61] According to Rovira, "Milei's case fits very well into this double classification."[61]

Andrés Malamud, a researcher at the Institute of Social Sciences of the University of Lisbon, argued that Milei's speech is anarcho-capitalist since "it's limited to interests and incentives: lowering taxes, reducing state intervention, liberalizing even organ trafficking. ... Technically, he's also a minarchist. A doctrinaire ultraliberal would be the most understandable."[67] About Milei's appeal, Malamud said: "The political secret is to appeal to the basic instincts, under simple banners: liberty, life and property. That's why Milei loves television sets, where he yells, insults and crushes anyone who criticizes him. His curly black hair is the icon of his campaign. On stage, he wears black leather – fire is lit at the climax of his speeches."[67] Malamud added that "Milei is a vitalist: he's not here 'to guide lambs but to wake up lions,' as he himself says. This is where he gets his conservative values, such as nationalism and anti-abortionism."[67] Pablo Touzón, a political scientist and director of the consulting firm Escenarios, said that "Milei is a war machine against [the political class], a brick thrown against the window of a jewellery store."[67] Touzón added: "He combines a kind of ultraliberal orthodoxy, from [Milton] Friedman and [Friedrich] von Hayek... he sees himself as a warrior against the state. But he combines that hyperliberal ideology and freedom with elements of the extreme-right."[67] About his comparisons with Trump, Touzón stated that Milei represents a local version of Trumpism that does not defend protectionism.[67] About his rise in the polls, Touzón said: "If he has so many voters, it's not because he's liberal – it's because he represents the anti-establishment, as Podemos did in Spain from the left. Here, [in Argentina], it's done from the right."[67]

## 2023 presidential election

[edit]

Main article: Javier Milei 2023 presidential campaign

### Election news coverage

[edit]

In 2021, Milei rejected the use of the far-right label to describe his views and said: "I'm a liberal and libertarian, these positions are things of the left, because for the left, everything that is not on their side is on the right."[68] Shortly before the 2022 French presidential election, Milei was compared to candidate Marine Le Pen.[69] Milei's surprise victory in the August 2023 Argentine primary elections achieved international recognition and headlines, which reported on this and the uncertain Argentine electoral scenario for the October 2023 Argentine general election.[70] Analysts saw his win a result of voters being frustrated by both Peronist and non-Peronist governments.[71] Much of the international press mentioned dollarization and highlighted his controversies, such as the sale of organs and the free bearing of arms. They also cited the escalation of the dollar and the rise in interest rates of Argentina's central bank and placed it within the context of a scenario of extreme volatility and uncertainty.[70]

Milei was described as a far-right populist,[47][48][20] far-right outsider,[72] far-right libertarian,[73] libertarian populist,[74][75] ultraright, and ultraliberal,[76] and labelled far-right or radical right by international news agencies like Al Jazeera English,[48] the BBC,[77][78] and Reuters;[47] newspapers including The Economist,[79] The Daily Telegraph,[19] the Financial Times,[80] Le Monde,[81] The New York Times,[82] and The Wall Street Journal;[72] news magazines like Time;[83] and several Argentine and Spanish-language publications including among the others El Diario,[84] elDiario.es,[85] El Mundo,[86] El País,[87] Perfil,[70] Télam,[88] and Tiempo Argentino [es].[89] Reuters reported that he was a "radical right-wing candidate" and far-right outsider,[90][91] Time saw him as a far-right populist,[92][93] El País described him as an "ultra-right libertarian and 'anarcho-capitalist' who represents angry Argentina",[94] CNN saw him as a far-right outsider,[95] The Economist headlined that "Argentina could get its first libertarian president",[96] CBC News described him as a "libertarian firebrand",[97] and the BBC described him as a "Trump admirer".[77][78] He was compared to Donald Trump, Jair Bolsonaro,[76] Tucker Carlson,[78] and Ron DeSantis.[98]

#### Americas

[edit]

In the United States, the Associated Press emphasized Milei's controversial statements and said he could be Argentina's next president, saying: "He believes selling human organs should be legal, climate change is a 'socialist lie,' sex education is a ploy to destroy the family and that the Central Bank should be abolished."[70] They described him as "the latest example of how right-wing populists are making inroads in Latin America, appealing to a citizenry angry with politics as usual and eager for outsiders to shake up the system."[70] The New York Times highlighted the dollarization proposal of Milei, whom they described as a far-right libertarian, writing: "Javier Milei, who wants to abolish the central bank and adopt the U.S. dollar as Argentina's currency, is now the front-runner in the fall general election."[70]

In Brazil, Folha described Milei as a right-wing radical whose proposals included the "sale of organs, liberalization of weapons, dollarization of the economy, and an end to of the Central Bank".[70] O Globo launched a series of op-eds about Milei winning the October general election and said that the incumbent Brazil president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva must be ready for what they described as "the arrival of Javier Milei", whom they characterized as "ally of Jair Bolsonaro" and "adverse to the Workers' Party" founded by Lula.[70] In Uruguay, El País headlined "Milei's batacazo in the PASO elections in Argentina: he surpasses Macri's sector and Kirchnerism."[70] In Chile, La Tercera wrote: "Milei hits hard and is the most voted, Bullrich surpasses Larreta, and Kirchnerism is third."[70] In Peru, La República described Milei's victory as a surprise and said that the markets in Argentina collapsed after the primary election results.[70]

#### Europe

[edit]

Pro-Milei sign at Vox' Viva 2024 convention in Madrid, May 2024 ("Long live liberty, dammit! Long live Milei! He's the beacon of the West")

In Spain, El Mundo emphasized Milei's win over Peronism, headlining "Argentina. Peronism suffers the worst defeat in its history and Milei's libertarian ultra-right wins the primaries."[70] El País headlined "The ultra Javier Milei capitalizes on the protest vote and wins the primary elections in Argentina."[70] In France, Le Figaro saw the Milei phenomenon as "the new sensation of Argentine politics" and described him as a far-right anti-establishment liberal with "rockstar airs".[70] Le Monde highlighted that Milei "disrupts the Argentine political landscape" in favor of "a state reduced to its minimum expression, he defends the freedom to bear arms and sell organs. He is resolutely climate skeptic and rejects legal abortion, [which was] approved in 2020 in Argentina. It shows its affinities with former presidents Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro."[70]

In the United Kingdom, BBC News headlined "The anti-establishment Javier Milei surprises by winning the primaries in Argentina."[70] The Daily Mail headlined "Who is Javier Milei, Argentina's far-right populist politician?"[70] The Financial Times highlighted the political significance of Milei's upset victory, describing him as a radical right-winger who they say shocked the political scene in Argentina and revolutionized the presidential race with his primaries win.[70] Reuters headlined "Argentine far-right outsider Javier Milei posts shock win in primary election" and described Milei's win as a punishment vote by Argentines for the two main political forces in the country.[70] In this way, voters pushed "a rock-singing libertarian outsider candidate into first place in a huge shake-up in the race towards presidential elections in October", and gave "a stinging rebuke to the center-left Peronist coalition and the main Together for Change conservative opposition bloc with inflation at 116% and a cost-of-living crisis leaving four in 10 people in poverty".[70]

In Russia, the state network RT called Milei "controversial and denier", and highlighted the changes that Milei's win would cause to Argentine politics as becoming marked by "tripartism and new leadership",[70] while the state agency Sputnik called him an "outsider candidate" and a "black swan".[70]

#### Eastern Asia

[edit]

In China, the state agency Xinhua appealed to a definition by analyst Rosendo Fraga to describe Milei as "a representative of the Western extreme right who adopts rockstar attitudes" and "found an echo especially among young libertarians".[70]

### Opinion polling

[edit]

For the 2023 general election, various public opinion polls showed mixed perceptions of Milei in Argentina. For instance, a poll conducted by Atlas Intel in November indicated Milei leading over Sergio Massa with 48.6% against 44.6%. Conversely, Centro Estratégico Latinoamericano de Geopolítica's survey showed Massa slightly ahead with 46.7% to Milei's 45.3%. University of San Andrés and CB Consultora polls also favored Milei, with him leading in different margins. In contrast, Circuitos and Giacobbe polls predicted a tight race, with outcomes swinging between both candidates.[99] These polls underscored a politically divided landscape in Argentina, reflecting the complexity of predicting electoral results in the country.[99][100]

Following the inauguration of Milei, his popularity increased in public opinion. After the first governmental and economic reforms taken by the president and his ministers, 53% of the Argentine people had a very good and good image of the new head of state according to a popularity poll made by Aresco on 15 December.[101]

In January 2024 According to data collected by Morning Consult Milei had a 64% approval rating, with a 30% disapproval rating and 6% being unsure or expressing no opinion. This made him the third most approved world leader listed behind only Mexican president Claudia Sheinbaum and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, as well as only 1 of 3 world leaders listed who had an approval rating over 50%[102]

## Religious views

[edit]

Milei praying at the Western Wall in the Old City of Jerusalem, February 2024

While raised Catholic,[103][104] Milei has been critical of the Catholic Church under Pope Francis,[105] whom on different occasions he called a "Jesuit who promotes communism", "an unpresentable and disastrous character", "a fucking communist", "communist turd", "a piece of shit", and "a filthy leftist".[106] He also accused him of "preaching communism to the world" and being "the representative of the evil one on Earth" for promoting the option for the poor, a Catholic social justice doctrine of aid to the underprivileged. As a result, the highest authorities of the Argentine Episcopal Conference and other Catholics criticized him.[107][108] Before November 2023, Milei said he had contemplated converting to Judaism but that observing the Jewish Sabbath could pose challenges if he became president.[13][109][110] Milei also reads the Torah daily and has visited the grave of Orthodox rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson.[111][112][113] In November 2023, it was reported that Milei intended to convert to Judaism.[104]

In a 2018 Radio El Mundo interview, Milei expressed his belief in the existence of God.[3] He reiterated this belief in 2022 to the journalist Luis Novaresio, who retorted: "How can a guy as pragmatic as you believe in something unverifiable?"[3] Milei responded: "That is your case. Very strong things have happened to me, which exceed any scientific explanation."[3] According to Milei, he has had conversations with God, whom he calls "the number 1", and God told him that he had a mission to enter politics and not stop until he became president.[114]

Milei's coalition La Libertad Avanza considers social justice theft because it relies on tax revenues, and Milei has said that Jesus did not pay taxes. In response, about the then upcoming 2023 elections, Francis said: "The extreme right always reconstructs itself, it is the triumph of selfishness over communitarianism. ... I am terrified of saviors of the nation without a political party history."[115] Milei also cited Biblical passages to criticize the state, which he describes as "an invention of the evil one".[40] To show what has been regarded as his rejection of the state, he has repeatedly posed the radical dilemma: "If I had to choose between the state and the mafia, I would choose the mafia. Because the mafia has codes, the mafia adapts, the mafia doesn't lie. And above all, the mafia competes."[116]

## Controversies

[edit]

Milei is well known for his flamboyant personality, distinctive personal style, and strong media presence, which at times caused controversies. Like other right-wing populists, his rhetoric focuses on oppositing what he describes as the political caste.[4] Milei's party was criticized for including among his candidates apologists of the National Reorganization Process.[2] During his political career, Milei has also been involved in several investigations, and has been accused of having a violent attitude towards journalists and critics, as well as of misogynistic behavior.[117]

In May 2022, Milei was accused of having plagiarized scientists like Salvador Galindo Uribarri, Mario Rodríguez Mesa, Jorge Luis Cervantes Cota, and Antonio Guirao Piñera for his Pandenomics (2020) book.[118][119] Galindo Uribarri was not made aware of this until an interview with Noticias. In August 2022, Ramiro Vasena, a candidate for a small liberal party in Argentina, filed a complaint in a Buenos Aires court against Milei for plagiarism in Pandenomics, describing him as "a compulsive plagiarist". Susana Bianconi, Galindo Uribarri's wife, was not made aware of the case, and Galindo Uribarri, who was said by his wife to have been "offended to the core" for the plagiarism, died of cancer in September 2022.[120]

Milei's political positions have sparked controversy and confusion. Some of his proposals, such as his indifference for same-sex marriage in Argentina and his support for drug legalization, were contrasted to his more conservative policies.[67] Controversial were his opposition to abortion in rape cases,[121] his view of comprehensive sex education in schools as a form of brainwashing,[122] skepticism towards COVID-19 vaccines,[123] civilian firearm ownership support,[96] legalization of organ trade,[124] promotion of the far-right Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory,[125] and climate change denial.[80] Due to those controversies and his radical conservative social and economic policies, his victory in the primaries was deemed an upset, which foresaw his subsequent victory in the 2023 general elections, and led to his description as a far-right libertarian and populist.[20][47][48] During the 2023 electoral campaign, his critics often pointed to Milei's controversial pronouncements, which have been described as being part of an outlandish and bizarre behavior, to argue about his incompetency to rule.[7]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Austrian criticism of Milei mainly rests on his mathematical formulas and attempts to integrate Austrian School concepts with monetarism; he wrote in 2016 that Ben Bernanke was the greatest president of the Federal Reserve.[30] Instead, Argentine mainstream economists mainly criticized Milei's economic work and his presentention, describing his concepts as confusing, and arguing that the formulas he uses are not correct; in particular, they criticized his Central Bank of Argentina abolition and dollarization proposals. Milei dismissed the critics of dollarization, saying that they do not understand "the condition of transversality".[29] In March 2018, Andrés Aisian rejected Milei's dollarization proposal and his characterization of fiat currency as "counterfeiting money". Aisian argued that Milei conflated the morality of fiat currency with the morality of its original discovery, and described Milei's proposal of a return to the gold standard and metallism as "economic nonsense".[31] In April 2023, Torcuato di Tella University economist Constantino Hevia wrote that "if you scratch it a bit, you realize that Milei knows much less economics than people ... Milei overwhelms with shouts and technical terms that he doesn't quite understand. So, by trying to make everyone ignorant and using a pseudoscientific discourse, he confuses the public and his figure as a technician or mathematical economist, as he likes to call himself, grows. The truth is that Milei is technically weak. The example of his notes is very clear."[29] He concluded that "Milei's insufficient mathematical preparation and his huge ego lead him to say nonsense that is technically wrong."[29] Milei's dollarized economy proposal for the 2023 Argentine presidential election is based on advices from economists Emilio Ocampo and Nicolás Cachanosky, both of whom had approached Milei to determine the best path to dollarization.[32]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Controvertido y excéntrico economista argentino sube en encuestas para las presidenciales". Voz de América (in Spanish). 28 May 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
2. ^ a b c d e "Su perro muerto, esoterismo y la 'misión' de Dios: los secretos de Javier Milei". iProfesional (in Spanish). 6 July 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
3. ^ a b c d e González, Juan Luis (9 August 2023). "Milei y su perro muerto: quién es la fuente secreta de 'El Loco', el libro sobre él". Revista Noticias (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 August 2023.
4. ^ a b c d e Dadouch, Sarah (14 August 2023). "Who is Javier Milei, Argentina's right-wing presidential front-runner". The Washington Post. ISSN 2641-9599. Archived from the original on 1 September 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
5. ^ Nugent, Ciara; Stott, Michael (18 August 2023). "Javier Milei, Argentina's presidential hopeful biting at the establishment's heels". Financial Times. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
6. ^ a b Centenera, Mar (19 November 2023). "Javier Milei, a mixture of a messianic preacher and a rock star". El País English. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
7. ^ a b De Guzman, Chad (20 November 2023). "Argentina Just Elected an Eccentric Populist Who Seeks Counsel From His Cloned Dogs". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
8. ^ Ash, Hugo (22 April 2018). "El último que pague la luz". Perfil (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
9. ^ "Far-right populist Milei finishes first in Argentina's presidential primary". France 24. 14 August 2023. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
10. ^ "Javier Milei, el economista del peinado raro". Clarín (in Spanish). 28 July 2016. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
11. ^ Tharoor, Ishaan (21 November 2023). "Javier Milei's perilous quest to 'make Argentina great again'". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
12. ^ Peláez, Raquel (28 November 2023). "Right-wing politics and crazy hair: When a haircut becomes a political manifesto". El País English. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
13. ^ a b Sivak, Martín (25 July 2023). "Javier Milei, presidential candidate: 'It's super easy to dollarize Argentina's economy'". El País English. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
14. ^ "Populist Javier Milei is rallying for the Argentine presidency with chainsaws and Comic-Con costumes". AP News. 15 November 2023. Archived from the original on 19 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
15. ^ "El amor, según el economista Javier Milei". La Nación (in Spanish). 5 October 2017. Archived from the original on 6 October 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
16. ^ Gibbs, Stephen (17 August 2023). "Argentina's Trump, Javier Milei, takes surprise lead in race for power". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
17. ^ "Javier Milei, experto en economía, tríos sexuales y sexo tántrico: 'Puedo estar sin eyacular tres meses'". Infobae (in Spanish). 24 June 2018. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
18. ^ "Milei: 'I will not apologize for having a penis'". MercoPress. 16 May 2022. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
19. ^ a b Crisp, James (14 August 2023). "Hard-Right rock singer and 'tantric sex instructor' takes shock lead in Argentinian elections". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
20. ^ a b c d Goñi, Uki (14 August 2023). "Far-right outsider takes shock lead in Argentina primary election". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
21. ^ Phillips, Tom (20 November 2023). "Who is Javier Milei? Argentina's new far-right president 'El Loco' takes the stage". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
22. ^ Abd, Rodrigo; Politi, Daniel (15 November 2023). "Populist Javier Milei is rallying for the Argentine presidency with chainsaws and Comic-Con costumes". AP News. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
23. ^ Armstrong, Rory Elliott (18 November 2023). "Who is Argentina's controversial chainsaw presidential candidate?". Euronews. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
24. ^ Armstrong, Rory Elliott; Dartford, Katy (20 November 2023). "Who is Argentina's controversial new chainsaw president, Javier Milei?". Euronews. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
25. ^ a b "Conan, el perro cordobés de Milei que murió y fue clonado por miles de dólares". El Doce (in Spanish). 15 August 2023. Archived from the original on 22 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
26. ^ Vera Bergenguren (December 2024). "Javier Milei". Time. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
27. ^ "¿Quién es Javier Milei?". Agesor (in Spanish). 17 December 2018. Archived from the original on 2 September 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
28. ^ a b c "Milei disertará en Metán sobre capitalismo y monopolios". NOVA Salta (in Spanish). 26 June 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
29. ^ a b c d e f Zaiat, Alfredo (23 April 2023). "Milei es un chanta y crece con el verso de la dolarización". Página12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 August 2023.
30. ^ Milei, Javier (12 June 2016). "El retiro de Bernanke y el futuro de los emergentes". Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2021.
31. ^ Asiain, Andrés (30 March 2018). "'La estafa de la emisión' | El valor del dinero". Página12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 August 2023.
32. ^ Dolabjian, Camila (20 August 2023). "Las propuestas de Milei | Secretos, puntos clave y riesgos del plan de dolarización a la que dio luz verde el candidato libertario". La Nación (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 August 2023.
33. ^ Calatrava, Almudena (28 May 2023). "Controvertido y excéntrico economista argentino sube en encuestas para las presidenciales". San Diego Union Tribune (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 August 2023.
34. ^ Fontevecchia, Agustino (15 July 2023). "Ultra-Libertarian Economist Javier Milei Proposes Dollarization In Argentina". Forbes. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
35. ^ "Salvador Uribarri, físico plagiado por Milei: 'Voy a llegar hasta las últimas consecuencias'". Noticias (in Spanish). 17 May 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
36. ^ "Javier Milei, el gran copión: los seis plagios de su libro". Noticias (in Spanish). 20 May 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
37. ^ Camhaji, Elías (17 November 2023). "La historia detrás del plagio de Milei a tres científicos mexicanos". El País México (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 November 2023.
38. ^ Camhaji, Elías (18 November 2023). "Javier Milei: How the Argentine presidential candidate plagiarized three Mexican scientists". El País English. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
39. ^ González, Juan Luis (18 November 2023). "Javier Milei y sus plagios: la investigación de Noticias que dio vuelta al mundo". Noticias (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 November 2023.
40. ^ a b c Fiore Viani, Gonzalo (10 September 2021). "Milei y los libertarios: una corriente (no tan) nueva en la política argentina". Agenda Pública (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2023.
41. ^ Farinas, Tamara (14 August 2023). "Javier Milei o cómo un ultraderechista acusado de violencia de género y plagio puede ser presidente en Argentina". La Sexta (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 August 2023.
42. ^ González, Juan Luis; Rodríguez, Tomás (20 May 2022). "Javier Milei, el gran copión: los seis plagios de su libro". Revista Noticias. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
43. ^ Chavez, Facundo (4 March 2022). "Javier Milei presentó 'El camino del libertario' y aseguró: 'Es el libro de un candidato a presidente'". Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 August 2023.
44. ^ "¿Quién le teme a Javier Milei?". Forbes. 8 June 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
45. ^ "Congressman Milei, the lesser evil for Argentina's elections next year". MercoPress. 2 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
46. ^ a b c d e f Alonso, John Francis (19 August 2023). "Javier Milei: qué es la ideología libertaria y qué tanto se adhiere a ella el candidato antisistema argentino". BBC News Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 August 2023.
47. ^ a b c d Misculin, Nicolás; Raszewski, Eliana; Grimberg, Candelaria (14 August 2023). "Argentine far-right outsider Javier Milei posts shock win in primary election". Reuters. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
48. ^ a b c d "Who is Javier Milei, Argentina's far-right populist politician?". Al Jazeera. 14 August 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
49. ^ Hochuli, Alex (16 August 2023). "Javier Milei is not a South American Trump". UnHerd. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
50. ^ Carrió, Tomás (17 August 2023). "Dollarization 'Not the Answer' for Argentina, Former IMF Board Member Says". Bloomberg Línea. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
51. ^ Brandimarte, Walter; Tobias, Manuela (16 August 2023). "Argentina's Milei Says He'd Reject 'Assassin' China, Leave Mercosur". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
52. ^ Fraga, Rosendo (21 August 2023). "Perón y Milei: semejanzas y contradicciones". El Cronista (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 23 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
53. ^ Calderón, César (21 August 2023). "Milei es peronista". The Objective (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
54. ^ Bianco, Luca (2 April 2023). "Javier Milei. L'anarco-capitalista-populista che vuole prendersi l'Argentina abolendo la banca centrale". HuffPost Italia (in Italian). Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
55. ^ Padinger, Germán (15 August 2023). "Milei: un fenómeno que dejó en shock al peronismo". CNN en Español (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 23 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
56. ^ Martin, Manuel (16 August 2023). "Javier Milei: ¿futuro salvador de Argentina o un populista más?". The Objective (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
57. ^ Miron, Jeffrey (15 August 2023). "Is Javier Milei a Libertarian?". Cato Institute. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
58. ^ "Para un especialista, 'es un error calificar como ultra derecha a Javier Milei'". Canal E (in Spanish). 17 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
59. ^ Rallo, Juan Ramón (17 August 2023). "Milei, ¿ultraderecha?". La Razón (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2023.
60. ^ Raisbeck, Daniel (17 August 2023). "Don't Confuse Javier Milei With Jair Bolsonaro". Reason. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
61. ^ a b c d e Lissardy, Gerardo (15 August 2023). "Milei tiene un componente libertario que lo hace un bicho raro en comparación a las ultraderechas de América Latina'". BBC News Mundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
62. ^ Kahn, Carrie; Martin, Michel (20 November 2023). "Radical libertarian populist Javier Milei was elected president of Argentina". NPR. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
63. ^ Oner, Imdat (22 November 2023). "Javier Milei's Victory: A New Chapter for Right-Wing Populism in Argentina?". Populism Studies. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
64. ^ Prats, Fernando (24 August 2023). "Javier Milei's Rise: Exploring the 'Trump of the Pampas' Perspective on World Politics". Global Americans. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
65. ^ a b c d "Argentina's Milei no 'Trump of the Pampas', analysts say". France 24. 23 November 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
66. ^ Bulbul, Nuray (20 November 2023). "Who is Javier Milei, Argentina's new hard-right president?". Yahoo Finance. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
67. ^ a b c d e f g h Molina, Federico Rivas (30 March 2023). "Javier Milei, the unclassifiable Argentine politician". El País English. Archived from the original on 22 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
68. ^ "'Meu alinhamento com Trump e Bolsonaro é quase natural', diz fenômeno eleitoral do momento na Argentina". O Globo (in Portuguese). 29 September 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
69. ^ "Carlos Quenan: 'Entre Le Pen y Milei hay similitudes'". Perfil. 22 April 2022. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
70. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "Los medios del mundo reflejaron el triunfo de Javier Milei en las PASO 2023". Perfil (in Spanish). 14 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
71. ^ "Reaction: Javier Milei Surprises in Argentina Primary Election". Americas Quarterly. 14 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
72. ^ a b Dubé, Ryan (14 August 2023). "Argentine Presidential Primary Voters Propel Far-Right Outsider to Surprise Win". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
73. ^ Alcoba, Natalie; Cholakian Herrera, Lucía; Nicas, Jack Nicas (14 August 2023). "Far-Right Libertarian Wins Argentina's Presidential Primary". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
74. ^ Santamaria, Carlos (15 May 2023). "Will Argentina adopt the US dollar?". GZERO Media. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
75. ^ Escobedo, Isabella (16 August 2023). "Argentina: Who can fix the political and economic problems?". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
76. ^ a b Smink, Veronica (14 August 2023). "Javier Milei: el candidato antisistema sorprende al ganar las elecciones primarias en Argentina". BBC News Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 August 2023.
77. ^ a b "Javier Milei: Trump admirer leads race for Argentina presidency". BBC News. 14 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
78. ^ a b c Devlin, Bradley (15 August 2023). "Javier Milei Against the Dead Consensus". The American Conservative. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
79. ^ González-Gallarza, Jorge (20 August 2023). "Javier Milei and the Paradox of Freedom". The European Conservative. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
80. ^ a b Nugent, Ciara (6 August 2023). "Argentina's far-right libertarian wants tougher austerity to rebuild troubled economy". Financial Times. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
81. ^ "Argentinian far right emerges as biggest vote-getter in presidential primary voting". Le Monde. 14 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
82. ^ Alcoba, Natalie; Cholakian Herrera, Lucía; Nicas, Jack Nicas (14 August 2023). "Javier Milei, un libertario de ultraderecha, ganó en las primarias de Argentina". The New York Times (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 August 2023.
83. ^ Politi, Daniel (14 August 2023). "Argentine peso plunges after rightist who admires Trump comes first in primary vote". Associated Press. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
84. ^ Castrillón, Mayra Castillo; Amancio, Nelly Luna; De Masi, Victoria; Scofield, Laura; Correia y Rute Pina, Mariama; Velázquez, Kennia; Arbeláez, Natalia; Echeverry y Elisa, María José (16 November 2021). "La ultraderecha arma nuevas alianzas para crecer en América Latina". elDiarioAR.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 August 2023.
85. ^ "Javier Milei, el candidato ultra argentino a favor de la venta de órganos y en contra de la 'aberración' de la justicia social". ElDiario.es (in Spanish). 14 August 2023. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
86. ^ "El fenómeno Milei: un político de ultraderecha al alza en Argentina". El Mundo (in Spanish). 23 May 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
87. ^ Centenera, Mar (7 November 2021). "La extrema derecha se abre paso en el Congreso argentino con ataques a la 'casta política'". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 August 2023.
88. ^ Rajcher, Silvia (28 November 2021). "Los bloques políticos definen sus autoridades para los próximos dos años". Télam (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
89. ^ "Milei y el auge global de la extrema derecha" (in Spanish). 16 November 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
90. ^ Brigida, Anna-Catherine; Heath, Maximilian (14 August 2023). "Javier Milei: radical right-wing candidate shakes up Argentina presidential election race". Reuters. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
91. ^ "Argentinian far-right outsider Javier Milei posts shock win in primary election". CNN. 14 August 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
92. ^ Politi, Daniel (14 August 2023). "Far-Right Populist Wins Argentina's Presidential Primary". Time. Archived from the original on 23 August 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
93. ^ Biller, David; Politi, Daniel (20 November 2023). "Argentina Elects Right-Wing Populist Javier Milei as President". Time. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
94. ^ Criales, José Pablo (14 August 2023). "Javier Milei: The ultra-right libertarian and 'anarcho-capitalist' who represents angry Argentina". El País English. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
95. ^ Francis, Simone (19 November 2023). "Far-right outsider Javier Milei wins Argentina's presidency". CNN. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
96. ^ a b "Argentina could get its first libertarian president". The Economist. 14 August 2023. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
97. ^ "Libertarian firebrand Milei has a real shot at Argentina's presidency". CBC News. 23 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
98. ^ D'Angelo, Massimo (21 August 2023). "🔮 Tired Argentinian politics give victory to far-right libertarian Milei". The Loop. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
99. ^ a b "¿Milei o Massa?: Quién ganará las elecciones según las distintas encuestas". Perfil (in Spanish). 16 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
100. ^ Duré, Martín (16 June 2023). "Cómo saldrá Milei en los comicios según las últimas encuestas". www.cronista.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
101. ^ Chaves, Facundo (16 December 2023). "Una encuesta midió la primera semana de Javier Milei y cómo impactó en la sociedad el anuncio del ajuste". Infobae (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
102. ^ "Global Leader Approval Rating Tracker | Morning Consult". Morning Consult Pro. Retrieved 11 January 2025.
103. ^ Milei, Javier [@JMilei] (5 October 2017). "Disculpame. Yo soy católico. Y en mis valores la violencia y el robo está mal. Será un problema tuyo si avalás el robo y recorte de libertad" (Tweet) (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 August 2023 – via Twitter.
104. ^ a b Gillespie, Patrick; Tobias, Manuela (27 November 2023). "Milei's Conversion to Judaism Seals Pro-Israel Push by Argentina". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
105. ^ "Milei, el libertario que provoca a los cristianos". LetraP (in Spanish). 29 October 2021. Archived from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
106. ^ Cholakian Herrera, Lucía; Nicas, Jack (16 October 2023). "He Called the Pope a 'Filthy Leftist.' Now He Wants to Be President". The New York Times. ISSN 1553-8095. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
107. ^ Villarreal, GuillermoV (6 May 2022). "Milei, un católico flojo de papeles que se arma con El Reino evangélico". LetraP (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
108. ^ "La iglesia católica vs. Milei: 'Llega un momento donde tenemos que decir 'No'". Newsweek Argentina (in Spanish). 24 August 2023. Archived from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
109. ^ Cohen, Ben (20 November 2023). "Newly elected Argentine president Javier Milei says he will visit Israel in advance of inauguration". Algemeiner Journal. Archived from the original on 20 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
110. ^ "Argentina's New President Spoke About the Rebbe, Visited Ohel". Anash. 20 November 2023. Archived from the original on 20 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
111. ^ Isaac, David (21 November 2023). "Argentina's first 'Jewish' president? Milei wins decisive victory". Journal of Neurosurgery. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
112. ^ "Argentina's New Eclectic President Has Visited the Rebbe's Ohel". COLlive. 20 November 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
113. ^ Miller, Leila (9 December 2023). "In Catholic Argentina, President Javier Milei has a rabbi — and likes talking about it". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
114. ^ Salomé, René (14 August 2023). "Los secretos mejor guardados de Milei, el candidato que sorprendió a todos en las PASO". Infobae (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
115. ^ Goñi, Uki (27 August 2023). "The 'false prophet' v the pope: Argentina faces clash of ideologies in election". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Archived from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
116. ^ Stefanoni, Pablo (19 February 2022). "Javier Milei, el libertario peinado por el mercado". Revista Anfibia (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
117. ^ "Quién es Javier Milei y cuáles son las radicales propuestas con las que ganó las primarias en Argentina". BBC News Mundo (in Spanish). 14 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
118. ^ "Salvador Uribarri, físico plagiado por Milei: 'Voy a llegar hasta las últimas consecuencias'". Noticias (in Spanish). 17 May 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
119. ^ "Javier Milei, el gran copión: los seis plagios de su libro". Noticias (in Spanish). 20 May 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
120. ^ Camhaji, Elías (18 November 2023). "Javier Milei: How the Argentine presidential candidate plagiarized three Mexican scientists". El País English. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
121. ^ "Milei niega el aborto incluso a una niña de 10 años violada: 'El asesinato nunca puede estar justificado'". El Destape (in Spanish). 30 September 2021. Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
122. ^ "Can a far-right populist win in Argentina?". GZERO Media. 1 May 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
123. ^ Rossi, Paula (22 November 2021). "'Soy re provacunas': la explicación de Javier Milei de por qué decidió darse las dosis contra el Covid". La Nación (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
124. ^ "Qué respondió Javier Milei cuando le preguntaron si está a favor de la venta de niños". La Nación (in Spanish). 28 June 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
125. ^ Fahsbender, Federico (20 May 2022). "Javier Milei y su guerra contra el 'marxismo cultural': la oscura historia detrás del término". Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 August 2023.

## Further reading

[edit]

* González, Juan Luis (2023). El loco: La vida desconocida de Javier Milei y su irrupción en la política argentina [The Crazy One: The Unknown Life of Javier Milei and His Emergence Into Argentine Politics] (in Spanish). Editorial Planeta. ISBN 978-950-49-8289-0.

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template