Punjab Police (Pakistan)

Provincial Law Enforcement Agency responsible for the province of Punjab in Pakistan

Law enforcement agency

Punjab Police
پنجاب پولیس

Flag of Punjab Police

Abbreviation| PP
Motto| To Serve and Protect Our Punjab
Always Stand With People
Agency overview
Formed| 1861; 164 years ago (1861)
Employees| 700,000
Annual budget| Classified
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdiction| Punjab, Pakistan
Map of Punjab Police's jurisdiction
Size| 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 sq mi)
Population| 128,000,000
Legal jurisdiction| Punjab
Governing body| Government of Punjab, Pakistan
Government of Pakistan
Constituting instrument|

* Police Rules & Police Order 2002

General nature|

* Civilian police

Operational structure
Headquarters| Central Police Office, Lahore
Agency executive|

* Usman Anwar

Parent agency| Police Service of Pakistan
Website
punjabpolice.gov.pk

The Punjab Police (Punjabi, Urdu: پنجاب پولیس) is a law enforcement agency of Punjab, Pakistan. Under the command of its Inspector General (IG), it administers all criminal cases under the Police Acts of 1861 and 2002. The force was introduced in its modern form under British rule, and a colonial influence continues. On 23 January 2023, Dr. Usman Anwar was appointed as the Inspector General of Punjab Police.

## History

[edit]

### Mughal Empire

[edit]

Under the Mughal Empire, policing was organized on the basis of land tenure. Zamindars were responsible for apprehending disturbers of the public peace and performing other policing duties. At the village level, these functions were performed by the village headman. In large towns, functionaries known as kotwals combined law enforcement, municipal administration and revenue collection. Watchmen were on patrol and violent, organized crime was usually handled by the military.

### Sikh Empire

[edit]

The old mohalladari[definition needed] system was reintroduced with each mahallah, or neighborhood subdivision, placed under the charge of one of its members. The office of Kotwal, or prefect of police, was conferred upon a Muslim, Imam Bakhsh.[78]

### British Raj

[edit]

The modern system of policing was introduced during British rule. The British administration relieved the zamindars of responsibility for police service, and introduced magistrates with daroghas and other subordinate officers. The Punjab Police was organized in two branches: the Military Preventive Police and the Civil Detective Police. This arrangement proved unsatisfactory, however, and the government of British India urged the government of Punjab to investigate the province's system of policing in 1860. Due to the importance of the issue, the central government appointed a commission to investigate policing in British India. The Calcutta Police Commission of 1860 recommended abolition of the police's military arm, the appointment of an Inspector General of Police in the province and the supervision of police in a district by a District Superintendent. The commission recommended that only the district magistrate should conduct law-enforcement functions. Based on the commission's recommendations, the government of India submitted a bill which was enacted as Act V of 1861; the Police Act of 1861 was adopted. The organizational structure of the act still survives.

The Punjab Police Rules of 1933 documented the police practices of the time, and introduced measures for improving administration and operational effectiveness. The rules indicate that the Punjab Police was a professional police organization by 1934, had considerable knowledge of the province's crime and criminals, and developed effective procedures and practices for dealing with various kinds of criminal activity. The force's administrative and disciplinary functions were also described. They have been the model for similar rules in other provinces of Pakistan, and are still in force.

### After independence

[edit]

Service colour | Dark blue and red

|

Uniform colour | Olive green

Former coat of arms of Punjab Police Pakistan.

The Punjab Police played a significant role in handling the refugee crisis of 1947–48. It continued as a separate organization until 1955, when it was merged with the police of other provinces to create the West Pakistan Police. The West Pakistan Deputy Inspector General was Inayat Ali Shah. The East and West Pakistan DIGs reported to an IG who, during the 1950s, was Qurban Ali Khan. Several unsuccessful attempts were made to review and reform police organization and performance during the 1950s and 1960s. The Pakistan police's legal framework underwent a major change as a consequence of the Devolution of Power Plan, which was implemented between 2001 and 2006. The plan devolved much provincial-governmental authority and functions to the districts, and introduced public accountability of the police.

A system of district governments was introduced with the Punjab Local Government Ordinance 2001. As a part of the plan, the Police Order replaced the Police Act 1861 in 2002 and brought sweeping changes to the police. The new law introduced public accountability in the form of Public Safety Commissions at the district, provincial and national level. The Police Order 2002 also provided for an independent Police Complaints Authority, increased autonomy of the Inspector General of Police and separated investigation from other police functions. The Punjab Police are engaged in counterterrorism operations in the province.[1]

## Organization

[edit]

The Punjab Police is constituted by the Police Order 2002 and operates under the Police Rules of 1934. The Central Police Office (CPO) in Lahore which has a number of branches, including the Legal Affairs Division (Legal Branch), Finance and Welfare, Operations, Training, and Research and Development. The branches report to the Inspector General of Police through their Additional Inspectors General of Police. The Regional Police Officers report to the Inspector General of Police, and are not part of the Punjab CPO. The Inspector General of Police is the ex officio secretary of the government of Punjab. The Punjab Police is staffed by its officers and those of the Police Service of Pakistan.

### Units:

[edit]

* Anti-Riot Force (ARF)
* Punjab Safe Cities Authority (PSCA)
* Counter Terrorism Department (CTD)
* Organized Crime Unit (CIA)
* Special Protection Unit (SPU)
* Punjab Elite Force
* Punjab Boundary Force
* Punjab River Police
* Punjab Traffic Police
* Punjab Highway Patrol
* Dolphin Force
* Punjab Constabulary

### Main formations:

[edit]

* Central Police Office, Punjab
* Police Regions
* Investigation Branch
* Special Branch
* Telecommunication Branch
* Operations Branch

### Equipment

[edit]

* Beretta 92FS
* Glock pistols
* Heckler & Koch MP5 \- Pakistani MP5 (P2 & P3) and POF-5 variants (manufactured by license by Pakistan Ordnance Factories Limited)
* Type 56 assault rifle \- Primary firearm
* Heckler & Koch G3 \- Pakistani G3 (P3 & P4) variants (manufactured under license by Pakistan Ordnance Factories)
* Rheinmetall MG 3 \- Mounted on vehicles (manufactured under license by Pakistan Ordnance Factories)
* Shotguns
* Riot guns

### Vehicles

[edit]

* Mohafiz (internal security vehicle)
* Toyota Hilux (single-cab and double-cabin)
* Toyota Corolla
* Suzuki Cultus
* Suzuki Mehran
* Nissan Patrol
* Suzuki Every
* Honda City
* Foton Tunland
* Suzuki Swift
* Toyota Land Cruiser
* Toyota Land Cruiser (70 Series)
* Toyota Fortuner
* Toyota Prius

Officers are allotted cars by rank. Bulletproof vehicles are provided to officers at sensitive posts.

## Ranks and Insignia

[edit]

Rank group  | General/flag officers  | Senior officers  | Junior officers

|
|
|

Punjab Police | Insignia Of Inspector General of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Additional Inspector General of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Deputy Inspector General of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Senior Superintendent of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Superintendent of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Superintendent of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Deputy Superintendent of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Assistant Superintendent of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Assistant Superintendent of Punjab Police
Inspector General of Police

(IGP)

| Additional Inspector General of Police

(Add-IG)

| Deputy Inspector General of Police

(DIG)

| Assistant Inspector General of Police / Senior Superintendent of Police

(AIG/SSP)

| Superintendent of Police

(SP With 8 Year Service)

| Superintendent of Police

(SP)

| Deputy Superintendent of Police

(DSP)

| Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 3 years of service)  | Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 1 year of service)
Rank group  | Junior commissioned officers  | Non commissioned officer  | Enlisted

|
|
|

Punjab Police | Insignia Of Inspector of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Sub Inspector of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Assistant Sub Inspector of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Head Constable of Punjab Police | Insignia Of Naik of Punjab Police |  | No insignia

Inspectorانسپکٹر  | Sub Inspectorسب انسپکٹر  | Assistant Sub Inspectorاسسٹنٹ سب انسپکٹر  | Head Constable

ہیڈ کانسٹیبل

| Police Naik

پولیس نائک

| Constable

سپاہی

## Controversies

[edit]

See also: List of cases of law enforcement brutality in Pakistan

The Anti-Corruption Establishment Punjab called Punjab Police the most corrupt public department in the province in a 2010 report.[2] Members of the force have been involved in a number of criminal activities. In November 2017, a man was killed in a setup in Faisalabad. Initially identified as a robber, he was an unarmed civilian who had had an affair with a relative of the Gujranwala District deputy superintendent of police and left the country. During a visit to Pakistan, plainclothes police officer shot and killed him.[3] Sexual assault, harassment, and mistreatment of women have also occurred. Express News reported on 20 November 2017 that two Punjab Police officers tore a woman's clothes, made a video, tried to blackmail her and shared the video on social media. Both officers were fired, but it is unknown if they faced criminal charges.[4] Faisalabad police gang-raped the wife of a fellow police officer.[5]

In November 2017, a video on social media depicted Punjab Police officers torturing an elderly couple; the entire police station was suspended.[6] A seven-year-old child was arrested for kidnapping by Punjab Police in 2015.[7] A 12-year-old was arrested by Punjab Police in Bahawalpur District after they failed to arrest his father, a farmer named in an FIR for disputing the price of sugar cane at a sugar mill. The boy brought his schoolbooks to jail.[8]

In 2017, the Punjab Police changed its standard uniform constituting black shirts and khaki pants, which was designed by GM Chowdri & Sons (government contractors since 1916) under the order of Khan Qurban Ali Khan, to all olive-green.[9][10] The change had a mixed reaction; the government said that it had consulted professional designers, but the new uniform has been criticized as dull and less attractive. Media reports have circulated that the Punjab Police will revive their previous uniform again.[11]

Leadership  #  | Name  | From  | To

|
|
|

1  | Khan Qurban Ali Khan  | August 1947  | August 1952
2  | Mian Anwar Ali  | August 1952  | October 1952
3  | Khan Qurban Ali Khan  | October 1952  | February 1953
4  | Mian Anwar Ali  | February 1953  | June 1953
5  | S. N. Alam  | June 1953  | May 1955
6  | Mian Anwar Ali  | May 1955  | May 1956
7  | A. B. Awan  | May 1956  | May 1958
8  | Muhammad Sharif Khan  | May 1958  | August 1962
9  | S. N. Alam  | August 1962  | July 1963
10  | S. D. Qureshi  | July 1963  | July 1968
11  | Mian Bashir Ahmad  | July 1968  | April 1970
12  | Muhammad Anwar Afridi  | April 1970  | October 1972
13  | Sahibzada Raoof Ali  | October 1972  | August 1974
14  | Rao Abdur Rasheed | August 1974  | April 1976
15  | Atta Hussain  | April 1976  | March 1977
16  | Fazal-e-Haq  | March 1977  | July 1977
17  | M. A. R. Arif  | July 1977  | September 1977
18  | Khawaja Masrur Hussain  | September 1977  | February 1978
19  | Habib Ur Rehman Khan  | February 1978  | July 1979
20  | Muhammad Azam Qazi  | July 1979  | November 1980
21  | Obaid-Ur-Rehman Khan  | November 1980  | June 1981
22  | Laeeq Ahmad Khan  | June 1981  | September 1985
23  | Hafiz S. D. Jamy  | September 1985  | 18 August 1987
24  | Nisar Ahmad Cheema  | 18 August 1987  | 6 March 1989
25  | Manzoor Ahmad  | 8 March 1989  | 20 June 1991
26  | Sardar Muhammad Chaudhry  | 21 June 1991  | 30 May 1993
27  | G. Asghar Malik  | 1 June 1993  | 21 July 1993
28  | Muhammad Abbas Khan  | 26 July 1993  | 8 August 1996
29  | Zulfiqar Ali Qureshi  | 8 August 1996  | 26 November 1996
30  | Muhammad Amin  | 27 November 1996  | 17 March 1997
31  | Jehan Zaib Burki  | 18 March 1997  | 26 October 1999
32  | Muhammad Rafique Haider  | 26 October 1999  | 12 June 2000
33  | Malik Asif Hayat  | 12 June 2000  | 11 December 2002
34  | Syed Masud Shah  | 12 December 2002  | 31 March 2004
35  | Saadat Ullah Khan  | 1 April 2004  | 9 June 2005
36  | Zia-ul-Hassan Khan  | 10 June 2005  | 29 December 2006
37  | Ahmad Nasim  | 29 December 2006  | 27 February 2008
38  | Azhar Hassan Nadeem  | 29 February 2008  | 16 April 2008
39  | Shaukat Javed  | 17 April 2008  | 25 February 2009
40  | Kh. Khalid Farooq  | 25 February 2009  | 1 April 2009
41  | Shaukat Javed  | 1 April 2009  | 22 April 2009
42  | Tariq Saleem  | 27 April 2009  | 31 December 2010
43  | Javed Iqbal  | 7 January 2011  | 17 February 2012
44  | Haji Mohammad Habib ur Rehman  | 17 February 2012  | 1 January 2013
45  | Aftab Sultan | 1 April 2013  | 25 May 2013
46  | Khan Baig  | 25 May 2013  | 15 June 2014
47  | Mushtaq Ahmad Sukhera  | 17 June 2014  | 10 April 2017
48  | Muhammad Usman  | 10 April 2017  | 25 July 2017
49  | Arif Nawaz Khan  | 25 July 2017  | 13 June 2018
50  | Kaleem Imam  | 13 June 2018  | 11 September 2018
51  | Muhammad Tahir  | 11 September 2018  | 15 October 2018
52  | Amjad Javed Saleemi | 15 October 2018  | 17 April 2019
53  | Arif Nawaz Khan  | 17 April 2019  | 28 November 2019
54  | Shoaib Dastgir  | 28 November 2019  | 9 September 2020
55  | Inam Ghani  | 9 September 2020  | 8 September 2021
56  | Rao Sardar Ali Khan | 8 September 2021  | 23 July 2022
57  | Faisal Shahkar  | 23 July 2022  | 21 December 2022
58  | Aamir Zulfiqar Khan | 22 December 2022  | 23 January 2023
59  | Dr Usman Anwar | 23 January 2023  | Present

## See also

[edit]

* Punjab Police College Sihala
* Law enforcement in Pakistan
* Dolphin Force
* Punjab Highway Patrol
* Punjab Prisons (Pakistan)
* Balochistan Police
* Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police
* Sindh Police

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Article". Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2008.
2. ^ "'Punjab Police most corrupt public dept in the province' - The Express Tribune". 26 June 2010.
3. ^ "فیصل آباد مقابلہ؛ مقتول کو ڈی ایس پی کی بھتیجی سے شادی کی سزا ملی، ورثا - ایکسپریس اردو". 8 November 2017.
4. ^ "لاہور میں پولیس اہلکاروں کا خاتون پر تشدد، وڈیو بھی بنائی - ایکسپریس اردو". 20 November 2017.
5. ^ "فیصل آباد کے تھانے میں اہلکاروں کی پولیس افسر کی بیوی سے مبینہ زیادتی - ایکسپریس اردو". 18 November 2017.
6. ^ "Punjab police barbarity with elderly couple - Samaa TV". www.samaa.tv.
7. ^ "Punjab police book 7-year-old child in kidnapping case". 24 March 2015.
8. ^ "بہاولپور: باپ کی عدم گرفتاری پر 12 سالہ بچہ تھانے میں بند".
9. ^ "Punjab police consulted fashion school for new uniforms". www.geo.tv.
10. ^ "Punjab police dons new uniform in Lahore". www.geo.tv.
11. ^ "Punjab Police to get old uniform back next year". 12 December 2018.

## External links

[edit]

* Official website

* v
* t
* e

Law enforcement in Pakistan

Federal|

| Agencies|

* Directorate General of Intelligence and Investigation
* National Highways & Motorway Police
* National Counter Terrorism Authority
* Animal Quarantine Department
* Department of Plant Protection
* Federal Investigation Agency
* Railways Police
* Financial Monitoring Unit
* Airports Security Force
* Anti-Narcotics Force
* Pakistan Customs
* National Cyber Crimes Investigation Agency

|

Training and Policy|

* National Academy for Prisons Administration
* National Police Academy
* National Police Bureau

Provincial|

| Balochistan|

* Balochistan Police
* Balochistan Levies

|

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|

* Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police
* Levies
* Malakand Levies
* Dir Levies
* Special Combat Unit

Punjab|

* Dolphin Force
* Elite Police
* Punjab Police
* Punjab Highway Patrol
* Punjab Prisons
* Police Qaumi Razakars

Sindh|

* Sindh Police
* Special Security Unit

Territorial|

| Islamabad Capital Territory|

* Islamabad Police
* Islamabad Traffic Police

|

Other territories|

* Azad Jammu and Kashmir Police
* Gilgit-Baltistan Police

Defunct agencies|

* Federal Security Force
* Khasadar Forces
* Mehran Force

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