RT Virginis

Star in the constellation Virgo

RT Virginis

A visual band light curve for RT Virginis, plotted from ASAS data[1]

Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation | Virgo
Right ascension | 13h 02m 37.981s[2]
Declination | +05° 11′ 08.36″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) | 7.7 to 9.7[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage | AGB[4]
Spectral type | M8III[5]
B−V color index | 1.352±0.031[6]
Variable type | SRb[7]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)| 17.3±0.2[4] km/s
Proper motion (μ)|  RA: +37.037 mas/yr[2]
Dec.: −17.714 mas/yr[2]
Parallax (π)| 4.417±0.134 mas[3]
Distance| 740 ± 20 ly
(226 ± 7 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)| 2.94[6]
Details
Mass| 1.5[8] M☉
Radius| 390[9] R☉
Luminosity (bolometric)| 5,012+1,154
−938[4] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)| +0.21[10] cgs
Temperature| 2,902[10] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]| −0.33[10] dex
Other designations
RT Vir, BD+05°2708, HD 113285, HIP 63642, SAO 119734, PPM 159423[11]
Database references
SIMBAD| data

RT Virginis is a variable star in the equatorial constellation of Virgo, abbreviated RT Vir. It ranges in brightness from an apparent visual magnitude of 7.7 down to 9.7,[3] which is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. Based on parallax measurements made with the VLBI, the distance to this star is approximately 740 light years.[3] It is receding from the Sun with a radial velocity of 17 km/s.[4]

The long period variability of this star was discovered by W. P. Fleming in 1896, based on photographic plates taken between 1886 and 1895.[12] It was listed with its variable star designation, RT Virginis, in Annie Jump Cannon's 1907 work Second Catalog of Variable Stars.[13] A. H. Joy in 1942 categorized it as an irregular variable with a stellar classification of M8III.[5] In 1969 it was classified as a semiregular variable star of the SRb type.[14] The period was determined to be 155 days by P. N. Kholopov and associates in 1985, then re-evaluated as 375 days based on AAVSO light curves in 1997. This is an oxygen-rich red giant star on the asymptotic giant branch of its evolution, and is undergoing mass loss due to thermal pulsation.[9]

Water vapor emission in the vicinity of the star was detected in the microwave band by D. F. Dickinson in 1973.[15] This is originating from strong maser emission in a circumstellar gas-dust shell.[16] The flux density of these water masers is over 100 Jy.[9] The star is losing mass at a rate of 3×10−6 M☉·yr−1;[8] the equivalent of the Sun's mass in 3.3 million years. The velocity of the spherically expanding gas is as high as 11 km/s in the water maser region, at a radius of 5 to 25 AU. In a SiO emitting region located ~400 AU from the star, the gas velocity is 7.8 km/s.[17] This outflow appears clumpy and asymmetrical[18] with a strong temporal variation.[16]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ ASAS All Star Catalogue, The All Sky Automated Survey, retrieved 16 September 2022.
2. ^ a b c Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021), "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 649: A1, arXiv:2012.01533, Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657, S2CID 227254300 (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
3. ^ a b c d Zhang, Bo; et al. (November 2017), "VLBA Trigonometric Parallax Measurement of the Semi-regular Variable RT Vir", The Astrophysical Journal, 849 (2): 99, Bibcode:2017ApJ...849...99Z, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa8ee9, S2CID 125975009, 99.
4. ^ a b c d Brand, J.; et al. (December 2020), "Water vapour masers in long-period variable stars. II. The semi-regular variables R Crt and RT Vir", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 644: A45, arXiv:2011.00294, Bibcode:2020A&A...644A..45B, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039157, A45.
5. ^ a b Joy, Alfred H. (November 1942), "A Survey of the Spectra and Radial Velocities of the Less Regular M-Type Variable Stars", Astrophysical Journal, 96: 344, Bibcode:1942ApJ....96..344J, doi:10.1086/144469.
6. ^ a b Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters, 38 (5): 331, arXiv:1108.4971, Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, S2CID 119257644.
7. ^ Samus, N. N.; et al. (2017), "General Catalogue of Variable Stars", Astronomy Reports, 5.1, 61 (1): 80–88, Bibcode:2017ARep...61...80S, doi:10.1134/S1063772917010085, S2CID 125853869.
8. ^ a b Yates, J. A.; et al. (2002), Mineese, Victor; Reid, Mark (eds.), "The H2O maser proper motions of RT Vir and VX Sgr", Cosmic Masers: From Proto-Stars to Black Holes, IAU Symposium, 206, San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific: 298, Bibcode:2002IAUS..206..298Y.
9. ^ a b c Imai, H.; et al. (March 1997), "Measurement of shifts in line-of-sight velocities of stellar water masers using VLBI.", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 319: L1 – L4, Bibcode:1997A&A...319L...1I.
10. ^ a b c Sharma, Kaushal; et al. (2016), "New atmospheric parameters and spectral interpolator for the MILES cool stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 585: A64, arXiv:1512.04882, Bibcode:2016A&A...585A..64S, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526111, S2CID 118576178.
11. ^ "RT Vir", SIMBAD, Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved 2022-09-07
12. ^ Pickering, E. C.; Fleming, W. P. (April 1896), "Harvard College Observatory, circular no. 6. New variable stars", Astrophysical Journal, 3: 296–302, Bibcode:1896ApJ.....3..296P, doi:10.1086/140219.
13. ^ Cannon, Annie J. (1907). "Second catalogue of variable stars". Annals of Harvard College Observatory. 55: 1–94\. Bibcode:1907AnHar..55....1C. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
14. ^ van der Veen, W. E. C. J.; et al. (March 1995), "The distribution of dust around Asymptotic Giant Branch stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 295: 445–458, Bibcode:1995A&A...295..445V.
15. ^ Dickinson, D. F. (March 1976), "Water emission from infrared stars", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 30: 259–271, Bibcode:1976ApJS...30..259D, doi:10.1086/190362.
16. ^ a b Mendoza-Torres, J. E.; et al. (December 1997), "Evolution of H2O maser emission in the direction of the semiregular variable RT Virginis during 1985-1996", Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, 126 (2): 257–266, Bibcode:1997A&AS..126..257M, doi:10.1051/aas:1997263.
17. ^ Sacuto, S.; et al. (March 2013), "The wind of the M-type AGB star RT Virginis probed by VLTI/MIDI", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 551: A72, arXiv:1301.5872, Bibcode:2013A&A...551A..72S, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220524, S2CID 18675130, A72.
18. ^ Yates, J. A.; et al. (2000), Kastner, J. H.; et al. (eds.), "Is the Outflow from RT Vir Bipolar or Rotating?", Asymmetrical Planetary Nebulae II: From Origins to Microstructures, ASP Conference Series, 199: 79, Bibcode:2000ASPC..199...79Y, ISBN 1-58381-026-9.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Imai, Hiroshi; et al. (June 2003), "The Three-dimensional Kinematics of Water Masers around the Semiregular Variable RT Virginis", The Astrophysical Journal, 590 (1): 460–472, arXiv:astro-ph/0302389, Bibcode:2003ApJ...590..460I, doi:10.1086/374887, S2CID 18661079.
* Etoka, S.; et al. (November 2001), "Monitoring of long term behaviour of OH masers in semiregular variables: R Crt, W Hya and RT Vir", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 378 (2): 522–538, Bibcode:2001A&A...378..522E, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011184.
* Lekht, E. E.; et al. (March 1999), "Dynamics of the circumstellar envelope of RT Virginis on the basis of the H2O maser monitoring", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 343: 241–250, Bibcode:1999A&A...343..241L.
* Richards, A. M. S.; et al. (1999), Le Bertre, T.; et al. (eds.), "A MERLIN movie of mass-loss from RT Vir", Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars, IAU Symposium, 191: 315, Bibcode:1999IAUS..191..315R, ISBN 1-886733-90-2.

* v
* t
* e

Constellation of Virgo

* List of stars in Virgo

Stars|

| Bayer|

* α (Spica)
* β (Zavijava)
* γ (Porrima)
* δ (Minelauva)
* ε (Vindemiatrix)
* ζ (Heze)
* η (Zaniah)
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* κ (Kang)
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* μ
* ν
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* ο
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* ρ
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* τ
* υ
* φ (Elgafar)
* χ
* ψ
* ω

|

Flamsteed|

* 4 (A1)
* 6 (A2)
* 7 (b)
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 13
* 14
* 16 (c)
* 17
* 20
* 21 (q)
* 25 (f)
* 27
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* 31 (d1)
* 32 (d2)
* 33
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* 44 (k)
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* 75
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* 77
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* 80
* 81
* 82 (m)
* 83
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* 85
* 86
* 87
* 88
* 89
* 90 (p)
* 92
* 94
* 95
* 96
* 97
* 103
* 104
* 106
* 108
* 109
* 110
* 1 Ser (M Ser)
* 2 Ser

Variable|

* R
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* RT
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* AH
* BH
* CS
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* GL
* GW
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HR|

* 4587
* 5183
* 5384

HD|

* 102195 (Flegetonte)
* 106252
* 106315
* 106515
* 107148
* 109271
* 114783
* 125612
* 126614
* 130322 (Mönch)
* 133600

Other|

* Gliese 486 (Gar)
* Gliese 514
* HAT-P-26 (Guahayona)
* HAT-P-27
* HE 1219-0312
* K2-19
* K2-229
* PSR B1257+12 (Lich)
* Qatar-2
* Ross 128
* Ross 458
* SDSS J1229+1122
* ULAS J133553.45+113005.2
* WASP-16
* WASP-24
* WASP-37
* WASP-39 (Malmok)
* WASP-54
* WASP-55
* WD 1145+017
* Wolf 424
* Wolf 489

| Exoplanets|

* 38 Virginis b
* 61 Virginis b
* c
* 70 Virginis b
* Gliese 504 b
* Gliese 536 b
* HD 102195 b (Lete)
* HD 106252 b
* HD 107148 b
* HD 114783 b
* HD 125612 b
* c
* d
* HD 126614 Ab
* HD 130322 b (Eiger)
* HR 5183 b
* K2-137b
* K2-229b
* KELT-21b
* PSR B1257+12 A (Draugr)
* B (Poltergeist)
* C (Phobetor)
* Ross 128 b
* WASP-16b
* WASP-24b
* WASP-39b (Bocaprins)
* WASP-85 Ab
* WASP-107b
* WD 1145+017 b

|

| Star clusters|

* HVGC-1
* Koposov 1
* NGC 5634

|

| Nebulae|

* Abell 36

|

Galaxies|

| Messier|

* 49
* 58
* 59
* 60
* 61
* 84
* 86
* 87
* 89
* 90
* 104 (Sombrero Galaxy)

|

NGC|

* 3776
* 3817
* 3818
* 3833
* 3843
* 3848
* 3852
* 3914
* 3915
* 4030
* 4123
* 4129
* 4178
* 4179
* 4197
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* 4216
* 4246
* 4252
* 4260
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* 4267
* 4273
* 4294
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* 4299
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* 4313
* 4316
* 4318
* 4320
* 4324
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* 4330
* 4333
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* 4365
* 4368
* 4380
* 4388
* 4402
* 4420
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* 4429
* 4436
* 4440
* 4451
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* 4454
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* 4458
* 4461
* 4464
* 4466
* 4467
* 4469
* 4470
* 4476
* 4478
* 4482
* 4483
* 4487
* 4488
* 4491
* 4492
* 4496
* 4497
* 4503
* 4504
* 4517
* 4519
* 4522
* 4526
* 4527
* 4528
* 4531
* 4535
* 4536
* 4544
* 4546
* 4550
* 4551
* 4564
* 4567
* 4568
* 4570
* 4578
* 4580
* 4586
* 4593
* 4596
* 4598
* 4606
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* 4608
* 4612
* 4620
* 4623
* 4630
* 4632
* 4636
* 4637
* 4638
* 4639
* 4643
* 4647 (Arp 116)
* 4654
* 4658
* 4660
* 4664
* 4666
* 4674
* 4680
* 4691
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* 4699
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* 4701
* 4713
* 4731
* 4733
* 4734
* 4746
* 4753
* 4754
* 4762
* 4772
* 4775
* 4777
* 4780
* 4781
* 4790
* 4818
* 4825
* 4845
* 4856
* 4866
* 4900
* 4902
* 4918
* 4939
* 4941
* 4958
* 4984
* 4991
* 4995
* 4999
* 5006
* 5010
* 5018
* 5030
* 5050
* 5054
* 5068
* 5084
* 5087
* 5170
* 5174
* 5177
* 5235
* 5247
* 5252
* 5300
* 5331
* 5334
* 5335
* 5343
* 5363
* 5364
* 5384
* 5468
* 5470
* 5501
* 5506
* 5555
* 5566
* 5575
* 5584
* 5619
* 5668
* 5679
* 5701
* 5705
* 5713
* 5719
* 5746
* 5750
* 5765
* 5774
* 5775
* 5806
* 5838
* 5846
* 5850

Other|

* A1689-zD1
* Abell 1835 IR1916
* Arp 240 (NGC 5257 and NGC 5258)
* Arp 271 (NGC 5426 and NGC 5427)
* 3C 273
* 3C 279
* 4C 03.24
* Eyes Galaxies
* GR 8
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* IRAS 12112+0305
* LEDA 1245565
* M60-UCD1
* PKS 1148-001
* PKS 1302–102
* PKS 1335−127
* PKS 1402+044

| Galaxy clusters|

* Abell 1689
* Abell 1835
* Abell 2029
* Abell 2147
* IRAS 13218+0552
* RX J1347.5−1145
* Virgo Cluster

|

| Astronomical events|

* North Polar Spur
* SN 1990N
* SN 1994D
* SN 2002cx
* SN 2007bi
* SN 2020jfo
* U1.11

|

Category
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*[Dec.:]: Declination
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