Religious tourism in India

Religious tourism in India is a focus of Narendra Modi's national tourism policy. Uttarakhand has been popular as a religious and adventure tourism hub.[1]

## Tourism by religion

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Further information: Religious tourism

### India-origin religions

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See also: Indianisation and Sanskritisation

Since India is birthplace of Indian-origin religions, namely Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism, their holiest sites and highest concentration of religious sites pertaining to these religions are in India. Common pilgrim circuits, sites and practices are as follows:

* Parikrama pilgrim circuits and sites
* Pilgrim yatras and sites
* Sacred rivers and their ghats, notably Ganges, Yamuna, Sarasvati, Narmada
* Fairs, such as Kumbh Mela.

#### Buddhism

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See also: Buddhist pilgrimage sites in India

Mahabodhi Temple

The Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya is one of the holiest sites in Buddhism.[2] Buddhist sites, many related to the travels of Buddha, are spread across India. Important Buddhist prikarma sites are, Bodh Gaya, Sarnath, Sravasti (Jetavana), Rajgir hills, Kurukshetra (Bodh Stupa on bank of Brahma Sarovar, pilgrimage undertaken by Gautama Buddha), Shrughna (Yamunanagar, vihara visited by Buddha for sermon), Adi Badri (saraswati udgam sthal and vihara visited by Buddha), Parinirvana Stupa (place of death and nirvana of Lord Buddha at Kushinagar, and Sankissa. See also Buddhist pilgrimage sites.

#### Hinduism

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See also: Hindu pilgrimage sites in India and Yoga tourism

Hindus pilgrims in India undertake yatra (pilgrimage) to numerous sites, temples and samadhis (shrines) of saints) for puja and parikrama to earn punya with the aim to attain moksha. In order of importance for pilgrims in India, there are 4 Dhams (Char Dham) and 12 Jyotirlings devoted to the Lord Shiva, 51 Shakti Pithas devoted to the feminine manifestation of the god, and the important Lord Rama circuit (Ayodhya, Chitrakoot, Hampi and Rameswaram) and Lord Krishna circuit (Mathura, Vrindavan, Barsana, Govardhan, Kurukshetra, Dwarka and Bhalka). Sacred pilgrim sites related to Lord Rama are Ayodhya, Prayagraj, Chitrakoot, Hampi and Rameswaram. Sacred pilgrim sites related to Lord Krishna are Mathura, Vrindavan, Barsana, Govardhan, Vraja Parikrama, 48 kos parikrama of Kurukshetra, Dwarka, Bhalka (place of death of Lord Krishna).

India has become a major destination for yoga tourism,[3] bringing business to ashrams in places such as Mysore (for Ashtanga Yoga) and Rishikesh (for Sivananda Yoga, among others). That has led to the creation of many yoga schools offering teacher training and promotion of India as a "yoga tourism hub"[4] by the Indian Ministry of Tourism and the Ministry of AYUSH.[5]

#### Jain

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See also: List of Jain temples

The holiest site of Jainism are spread across India.

#### Sikhism

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The Golden Temple is the holiest site in Sikhism.

The holy sites for Sikhs include the following in the order of importance:

* Panj Takht, namely Golden Temple, Takht Sri Patna Sahib, Nanded Hazur Sahib, Takht Sri Damdama Sahib Bhatinda, and Anandpur Sahib.
* Guru Nanak related places, he was the founder of Sikh religion. His birth and death places at Gurdwara Janam Asthan and Kartarpur Corridor (both in Pakistan) are considered sacred.
* Sikh martyrs's related sites who gave their lives for protecting dharma and Sikhism. These include Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Fatehgarh Sahib of martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur and children of Guru Gobind Singh respectively by Muslim rulers for refusing to convert to Islam
* Place where Sikh gurus performed pilgrims and travels: Kurukshetra, Kapal Mochan, Paonta Sahib, etc.
* Capitals of important Sikh states: Lahore (capital of largest Sikh state of Maharaja Ranjit Singh) and Lohgarh (capital of Sikh state founded by Baba Banda Bahadur in Yamunanagar). Fateh Burj at Chapar Chiri where Banda bahadur defeated mughals in Battle of Chappar Chiri and avenged murder of Sikh gurus and their children is also considered important.

### Foreign-origin religions

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#### Baháʼí

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See also: Baháʼí Faith

The roots of the Baháʼí Faith in India go back to the first days of the Bábí religion in 1844.[6] For Baháʼís in India, the Lotus Temple in Delhi, is most well known Baháʼí House of Worship that was dedicated in December 1986.[7]

#### Islam

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The dargahs or shrines of major Sufi figures in India, such as Ajmer Sharif and Nizamuddin, attract many Muslims. Qadian is a considered a holy city by Ahmadi Muslims.

#### Zoroastrianism

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See also: Zoroastrianism in India

Due to persecution of Zoroastrians, in other countries and the liberal atmosphere and patronisation of India, today the largest population of Zoroastrians resides in India.

Zoroastrians, the practitioners of Zoroastrianism have been living in India since the Sasanian period (224-651 CE),[8] started to migrate to India in successive waves migrations after the Muslim invasion of Persia when invading Muslim started religious persecution and Zoroastrianism suffered a decline in Iran, later another wave of migration to India started when Safavids forced their subjects to convert to Shiism.[9] Zoroastrians in India, have numerous fire temples in India where they travel for worship. Udwada Atash Behram is the oldest fire temple in India The temple attracts Zoroastrian pilgrims from around the world and considered the most sacred for Zoroastrians.

## List of Important Places

[edit]

MAP of Places Sr  | Place  | Deity  | Importance

|
|
|

1  | Sharda Peeth, POK  | Sharada  | Shaktipeeth
2  | Nankana Sahib, Pakistan  |  | Sikh
3  | Kartarpur Sahib, Pakistan  |  | Sikh
4  | Dharamshala  |  | Buddhist
5  | Jwalamukhi, Kangra  | Jwalamukhi  | Shaktipeeth
6  | Amritsar  | Golden Temple  | Sikh
7  | Anandpur Sahib  |  | Sikh
8  | Talwandi Sabo  |  | Sikh
9  | Kurukshetra  | Krishna  | Gita
10  | Behat  | Shakambari  | Shaktipeeth
11  | Haridwar  |  | Saptapuri, Kumbha Mela
12  | Rishikesh  |  |
13  | Yamunotri  |  | Chota Dham
14  | Gangotri  |  | Chota Dham
15  | Kedarnath  | Shiva  | Jyotirlinga, Chota Dham
16  | Badrinath  | Vishnu  | Char Dham, Chota Dham, Swayambhu Vishnu
17  | Garbyang  | Adi Kailash  |
18  | Kailash, Tibet  | Shiva  |
19  | Delhi  | Nizamuddin, Lotus Temple, Akshardham  | Muslim, Bahai, Hindu
20  | Vrindavan  |  | Krishna Circuit
21  | Mathura  |  | Saptapuri, Krishna Circuit
22  | Naimisharanya  | Vishnu  | Swayambhu Vishnu
23  | Ayodhya  | Rama, Hanumangarhi  | Saptapuri, Rama Circuit, Hanuman
24  | Lumbini, Nepal  |  | Buddhist
25  | Muktinath, Nepal  | Shaligram Vishnu  | Swayambhu Vishnu
26  | Pashupati, Nepal  | Pashupatinath  | Shiva
27  | Kushinagar  |  | Buddhisht
28  | Prayagraj  | Alopi Sankari, Hanuman  | Shaktipeeth, Kumbha Mela, Hanuman
29  | Chitrakoot  |  | Rama Circuit
30  | Sarnath  |  | Buddhist
31  | Varanasi (Kashi)  | Vishalakshi & Vishveshwar, Hanuman  | Saptapuri, Shaktipeeth, Jyotirlinga
32  | Patna  | Mahavir Hanuman, Takht Sri Harimandir  | Sikh, Hanuman
33  | Pawapuri  |  | Jain
34  | Rajgir  |  | Buddhist, Jain
35  | Gaya  | Mangla Gauri  | Shaktipeeth
36  | Bodhgaya  |  | Buddhist
37  | Parasnath  |  | Jain
38  | Baidyanath  |  | Jyotirlinga
39  | Kamakhya  | Maa Kamakhya  | Shaktipeeth
40  | Pandua, West Bengal  | Maa Shrinkhala  | Shaktipeeth
41  | Kolkatta  | Maha Kali  | Shaktipeeth
42  | Jajpur  | Birajadevi  | Shaktipeeth
43  | Bhubaneswar  | Lingaraj Temple  | Swayambhu Hari Har
44  | Puri  | Jagannath & Vimala  | Char Dham, Shaktipeeth.
45  | Purusottampur  | Maa Tara Tarini  | Shaktipeeth
46  | Pithapuram  | Kukkuteswara, Dattatreya  | Shaktipeeth, Sripad Vallabha
47  | Draksharama  | Bheemeswara  | Shaktipeeth
48  | Tirupati  | Venkateshwara  | Swayambhu Vishnu
49  | Kanchipuram  | Kamakshi  | Saptapuri, Shaktipeeth
50  | Srimushnam  | Bhuvarahswamy  | Swayambhu Vishnu
51  | Tiruchirappalli  | Ranganath Swamy  | Swayambhu Vishnu
52  | Rameshwaram  | Shiva, Panchamukhi Hanuman  | Jyotirlinga, Char Dham, Hanuman
53  | Koneshwaram, Sri Lanka  |  | Shaktipeeth
54  | Nanguneri  | Vanamamalai Perumal  | Swayambhu Vishnu
55  | Chamundeshwari, Mysuru  | Chamundeshwari  | Shaktipeeth
56  | Hampi  |  | Rama circuit
57  | Alampur  | Jogulamba  | Shaktipeeth
58  | Srisailam  | Mallikarjun & Bhramaramba, Dattatreya  | Jyotirlinga, Shaktipeeth, Narsimha Saraswati
59  | Kurvapur, Raichur  | Dattatreya  | Sripad Vallabha
60  | Kudalasangama  | Basaveshwar  | Lingayat
61  | Ganagapura  | Dattatraya  | Narsimha Saraswati
62  | Manikanagara  | Dattatraya  | Manik Prabhu
63  | Akkalkot  | Dattatreya  | Swami Samartha
64  | Tuljapur  | Bhavani Mata  | Shaktipeeth
65  | Pandharpur  | Vithoba Rukmini  |
66  | Shikhar Shingnapur  | Shambhu Mahadev  | Shiva
67  | Narsobawadi  | Dattatreya  | Narsimha Saraswati
68  | Mahalaxmi Kolhapur  | Ambabai Mahalaxmi  | Shaktipeeth
69  | Pali, Satara  | Khandoba  |
70  | Janai Malai Satara  | Devi  |
71  | Mahad  | Varadavinayak Ganesha  | Astavinayak
72  | Harihareshwar  | Hari Har, Kalbhairavnath  | Swayambhu
73  | Pali, Raigad  | Ballaleshwar Ganesha  | Astavinayak
74  | Kalaj  | Khandoba  |
75  | Jejuri  | Khandoba  |
76  | Morgaon  | Mayureshwar Ganesha  | Astavinayak
77  | Siddhatek  | Siddhivinayak Ganesha  | Astavinayak
78  | Theur  | Chintamani Ganesha  | Astavinayak
79  | Ranjangaon  | Mahaganapati  | Astavinayak
80  | Ozhar  | Vigneshwar Ganesh  | Astavinayak
81  | Lenyadri  | Girijatmaj Ganesh  | Astavinayak
82  | Bhimashankar  |  | Jyotirlinga
83  | Mumbai  | Siddhi Vinayak, Mahalaxmi  |
84  | Udvada  | Iranshah Atash Behram  | Parsi / Zoroastrian
85  | Trimbakeshwar  |  | Jyotirlinga
86  | Nashik  | Panchavati  | Rama Circuit, Kumbha Mela
87  | Saptshrungi  |  | Shaktipeeth
88  | Shirdi  | Sai Baba  |
89  | Shani Shingnapur  | Shanidev  |
90  | Ellora  | Grishneshwar  | Jyotirlinga
91  | Ambejogai  | Yogeshwari  |
92  | Nanded  |  | Sikh
93  | Aundha Nagnath  |  | Jyotirlinga
94  | Mahur  | Renuka  | Shaktipeeth
95  | Shegaon  | Gajanan Maharaj  |
96  | Omkareshwar  |  | Jyotirlinga
97  | Ujjain  | Mahakal, Mahakali  | Jyotirlinga, Shaktipeeth, Saptapuri, Kumbha Mela
98  | Palitana  |  | Jain
99  | Somnath  |  | Jyotirlinga
100  | Girnar  | Dattatreya, Neminatha  |
101  | Dwarka  | Nageshwar, Dwarkadish  | Char Dham, Saptapuri, Jyotirlinga
102  | Ajmer  | Ajmer Sharif  | Sufi Saint
103  | Pushkar  | Varah Swamy  | Swayambhu Vishnu

## See also

[edit]

* Tourism in India

## References

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1. ^ "U'khand eyes wellness tourism", The Times of India, 13 February 2016
2. ^ "Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
3. ^ Goldberg, Philip (2010). American Veda: From Emerson and the Beatles to Yoga and Meditation – How Indian Spirituality Changed the West. New York: Harmony Books. pp. 7, 152. ISBN 978-0-385-52134-5.
4. ^ Singh, Shikha. "Yoga Tourism in India India can be the Wellness Destination for the World". Retrieved 3 December 2019.
5. ^ Maddox, Callie Batts (2014). "Studying at the source: Ashtanga yoga tourism and the search for authenticity in Mysore, India". Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. 13 (4): 330–343. doi:10.1080/14766825.2014.972410. ISSN 1476-6825. S2CID 143449133.
6. ^ The Baháʼí Faith - Brief History Archived 2009-04-14 at the Wayback Machine National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of India.
7. ^ "Achievements of the Seven Year Plan" (PDF). Baháʼí News. July 1987. p. 3\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 April 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
8. ^ Fereshteh Davaran. Continuity in Iranian Identity: Resilience of a Cultural Heritage. Routledge. pp. 54–55, 136–137.
9. ^ Monica M. Ringer (13 December 2011). Pious Citizens: Reforming Zoroastrianism in India and Iran. Syracuse University Press. pp. 25, 26. ISBN 9780815650607.

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