Renewable energy in the Philippines

In 2013, renewable energy provided 26.44% of the total electricity in the Philippines and 19,903 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of electrical energy out of a total demand of 75,266 gigawatt-hours.[1] The Philippines is a net importer of fossil fuels. For the sake of energy security, there is momentum to develop renewable energy sources. The types available include hydropower, geothermal power, wind power, solar power and biomass power. The government of the Philippines has legislated a number of policies in order to increase the use of renewable energy by the country.

The government has committed to raising to 50% the contribution of renewables of its total electricity generating capacity,[2] with 15.3 gigawatts (GW) by 2030.[3] The move would help the country in its commitment to reduce its carbon emissions by 75% by 2030.[4]

## Background

[edit]

There is momentum to decrease reliance on fossil fuels due to the negative effects such as pollution, climate change and financial uncertainty because of fluctuating fuel prices.[5][6] Legislation passed by the Congress of the Philippines to support the use of renewable energy include the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (2001);[7] the Biofuels Act (2006), which encourages the use of biomass fuels;[8] the Renewable Energy Act (2008);[9][10] and the Climate Change Act (2009), which provides a legal basis for addressing climate change through sustainable development.[11]

Renewable energy implementation is important to the Philippines for several reasons.[12] The geographic characteristics of the country make it vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Rising sea levels are a threat because the Philippines is an archipelago with many cities located in coastal areas. As the coastline recedes due to rising seas, coastal cities become vulnerable to flooding. Climate change has also been linked to changing weather patterns and extreme weather events.[13]

Reliance on fossil fuels is detrimental to the energy security of the Philippines.[14] The Philippines is a net importer of fossil fuels. In 2012, the Philippines imported 20 million tons of coal. Eight million tons were produced domestically.[15] In 2010, the Philippines imported 54 million barrels of oil and produced 33,000 barrels.[16] Given this dependence on imported coal and oil, the Philippines is vulnerable to price fluctuations and supply constraints.[6]

The Philippine Department of Energy wrote:

> “The harnessing and utilization of renewable energy comprises a critical component of the government's strategy to provide energy supply for the country. This is evident in the power sector where increased generation from geothermal and hydro resources has lessened the country's dependency on imported and polluting fuels. In the government's rural electrification efforts, on the other hand, renewable energy sources such as solar, micro-hydro, wind and biomass resources are seeing wide-scale use.”[17]

## Sources

[edit]

The Philippines utilizes renewable energy sources including hydropower, geothermal and solar energy, wind power and biomass resources.[citation needed] In 2013, these sources contributed 19,903 GWh of electrical energy, representing 26.44 percent of the country's electricity needs.[1] Among the renewable energy sources available in the country, geothermal shows to be the cheapest and most (economically) attractive energy source followed by wind, hydropower, and lastly, solar PV.[18]

Renewable electricity production (GWh) by source[1][19] Year  | Geothermal  | Hydropower  | Biomass  | Solar  | Wind  | Total

renewables

| Total

electricity

| Renewables % of

electricity production

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

2003  | 9,822  | 7,870  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 17,692  | 52,941  | 33.42%
2004  | 10,282  | 8,593  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 18,875  | 55,957  | 33.73%
2005  | 9,902  | 8,387  | 0  | 2  | 17  | 18,308  | 56,568  | 32.36%
2006  | 10,465  | 9,939  | 0  | 1  | 53  | 20,459  | 56,784  | 36.03%
2007  | 10,215  | 8,563  | 0  | 1  | 58  | 18,836  | 59,612  | 31.60%
2008  | 10,723  | 9,834  | 0  | 1  | 61  | 20,620  | 60,821  | 33.90%
2009  | 10,324  | 9,834  | 14  | 1  | 64  | 20,237  | 61,934  | 32.68%
2010  | 9,929  | 9,788  | 27  | 1  | 62  | 19,807  | 67,743  | 29.24%
2011  | 9,942  | 7,803  | 115  | 1  | 88  | 17,950  | 69,176  | 25.95%
2012  | 10,250  | 10,252  | 183  | 1  | 75  | 20,761  | 72,922  | 28.47%
2013  | 9,605  | 10,019  | 212  | 1  | 66  | 19,903  | 75,266  | 26.44%
2014  | 10,308  | 9,137  | 196  | 17  | 152  | 19,809  | 77,261  | 25.64%
2015  | 11,044  | 8,665  | 367  | 139  | 748  | 20,963  | 82,413  | 25.44%
2016  | 11,070  | 8,111  | 726  | 1,097  | 975  | 21,979  | 90,798  | 24.21%
2017  | 10,270  | 9,611  | 1,013  | 1,201  | 1,094  | 23,189  | 94,370  | 24.57%
2018  | 10,435  | 9,384  | 1,105  | 1,249  | 1,153  | 23,326  | 99,765  | 23.38%

### Hydroelectric plants

[edit]

Angat Dam, a major hydropower facility in the Philippines

Hydropower is one of the main sources of renewable energy in the Philippines. There are hydroelectric plants of both the conventional dam and run-of-the-river types in the country. Of twenty-nine hydroelectric plants, fourteen are conventional dam and fifteen are run-of-the-river systems.[20][21][22] Hydropower accounts for 11.8% of the energy generation and 17-18% of installed capacity in the Philippines.[23][24][25]

Many areas of the Philippines are suitable for hydroelectricity production.[26] However, hydroelectricity production in the Philippines can cause upstream and downstream flooding during monsoonal weather and when excess water is released from dams.[26][27] Hydropower integration also has the potential to disturb pre-existing natural ecosystems and cultures as well as cause land dispossession and community resettlement.[24][28] The methods of using geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) to determine suitable sites for constructing hydroelectric plants do not tend to incorporate social or environmental considerations.[29] In response to the construction of large scale hydroelectric infrastructure, opposition movements have arisen. Anti-dam organizations and protests may advocate for indigenous peoples, environmental conservation, anti-capitalism, or anti-imperialism.[25] Vocal environmental human rights defenders have been red-tagged by the government or extrajudicially killed by the military or police.[25][28][30] The rights, concerns, and political agency of indigenous peoples trying to protect their villages and sacred sites from being submerged have often been disregarded due to urban-centric economic development.[25][28]

Incorporating small scale plants, especially micro-hydroelectric plants that have a capacity of less than 0.1 MW (100 kW), may mitigate adverse side effects and be a cost-effective way to bring electricity to rural and off-the-grid communities.[24] Isolated mountain communities have seen improvements in education, community engagement, and economy due to improved lighting provided by micro-hydropower.[31]

Hydropower output of the Philippines[1][19] | 2004  | 2005  | 2006  | 2007  | 2008  | 2009  | 2010  | 2011  | 2012  | 2013  | 2014  | 2015

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Hydropower Output (GWh) | 8,593  | 8,387  | 9,939  | 8,563  | 9,834  | 9,788  | 7,803  | 9,698  | 10,252  | 10,019  | 9,137  | 8,665
Percentage Change |  | (2.40%)  | 18.50%  | (13.84%)  | 14.84%  | (0.47%)  | (20.28%)  | 24.29%  | 5.71%  | (2,27%)  | (8.80%)  | (5.45%)
Major hydropower sites  Facility Name[32][33][34] | Type  | Installed Capacity (MW)  | Location  | Owner  | Year Commissioned

|
|
|
|
|

San Roque | Dam  | 411.0  | Pangasinan  | San Roque Power Corporation  | 2003
HEDCOR  | Run-of-River  | 33.8  | Benguet  | HEDCOR  | 1993
Kalayaan PSPP  | Dam  | 739.2  | Laguna  | CBK Power Company Ltd.  | 1998/2004
Magat | Run-of-River  | 360.0  | Isabela  | Aboitiz Power  | 1983
Caliraya  | Dam  | 35.0  | Laguna  | CBK Power Company Ltd.  | 1942/1947/1950
Botocan  | Run-of-River  | 22.8  | Laguna  | CBK Power Company Ltd.  | 1967/1986
Angat | Dam  | 246.0  | Bulacan  | PSALM  | 1967/1986
Pantabangan-Masiway | Dam  | 132.0  | Nueva Ecija  | First Gen Hydro Power Corp.  | 1977/1981
Ambuklao | Dam  | 105.0  | Benguet  | Aboitiz Power  | 1957
Binga | Dam  | 132.0  | Benguet  | Aboitiz Power  | 1960
Bakun  | Run-of-River  | 70.0  | Ilocos Sur  | Luzon Hydro Corp.  | 2000/2001
Casecnan  | Dam  | 165.0  | Nueva Ecija  | CE Casecnan Water & Energy Co.  | 2002
Sabangan  | Run-of-River  | 13.2  | Mt. Province  | HEDCOR  | 2015
NIA-Baligtan  | Run-of-River  | 6.0  | Isabela  | NIA  | 1987
JANOPOL  | Run-of-River  | 5.2  | Bohol  | BOHECO I  | 1992
AGUS 1  | Dam  | 80.0  | Lanao del Sur  | PSALM  | 1992
AGUS 2  | Dam  | 180.0  | Lanao del Sur  | PSALM  | 1992
AGUS 4  | Dam  | 55.0  | Lanao del Norte  | PSALM  | 1985
AGUS 5  | Dam  | 200.0  | Lanao del Norte  | PSALM  | 1985
AGUS 6  | Dam  | 54.0  | Lanao del Norte  | PSALM  | 1953/1971
AGUS 7  | Dam  | 255.0  | Lanao del Norte  | PSALM  | 1983
Pulangi IV | Run-of-River  | 232.0  | Bukidnon  | PSALM  | 1985/1986
Sibulan HEP  | Run-of-River  | 42.6  | Davao del Sur  | HEDCOR  | 2010
Agusan  | Run-of-River  | 1.6  | Bukidnon  | FG Bukidnon Power Corp.  | 1957
Bubunawan  | Run-of-River  | 7.0  | Bukidnon  | BPC Inc.  | 2001
Cabulig HEP  | Run-of-River  | 9.2  | Misamis Oriental  | Mindanao Energy Systems  | 2012
Talomo HEP  | Run-of-River  | 4.5  | Davao del Sur  | HEDCOR  | 1998
Tudaya 1  | Run-of-River  | 6.6  | Davao del Sur  | HEDCOR  | 2014
Tudaya 2  | Run-of-River  | 7.0  | Davao del Sur  | HEDCOR  | 2014

### Geothermal power

[edit]

Main article: Geothermal power in the Philippines

In the Philippines, geothermal energy is used to generate electricity. Two types of technologies are used in the Philippines. These are firstly, the higher temperature flash steam method and secondly, the lower temperature binary cycle method.[35] In the Philippines, the first is the more common. The second is used only at the MAKBAN plant. Geothermal plants are suitable for areas with low winds, such as Mindanao, and areas that have rainy weather, such as Batanes. Geothermal energy production can result in the release of toxic substances such as mercury, hydrogen sulfide, arsenic and selenium.[36] In 2014, at a geothermal plant in Biliran, eight plant workers were hospitalized with hydrogen sulphide poisoning.[37]

Geothermal energy output[1][19] | 2004  | 2005  | 2006  | 2007  | 2008  | 2009  | 2010  | 2011  | 2012  | 2013  | 2014  | 2015

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Geothermal Power Output (GWh) | 10,282  | 9,902  | 10,465  | 10,215  | 10,723  | 10,324  | 9,929  | 9,942  | 10,250  | 9,605  | 10,308  | 11,044
Percentage Change |  | (3.70%)  | 5.69%  | 2.39%  | 4.97%  | (3.72%)  | (3.83%)  | (0.13%)  | 3.10%  | (6.29%)  | 7.32%  | 7.14%
Major geothermal sites  Facility Name[32][33][34] | Type  | Installed Capacity (MW)  | Location  | Owner  | Year Commissioned

|
|
|
|
|

MAKBAN  | Flash/Binary  | 442.8  | Laguna  | AP Renewable Inc.  | 1979
BACMAN  | Flash  | 130.0  | Sorsogon  | Bac-Man Geothermal Inc.  | 1993
Tiwi  | Flash  | 234.0  | Albay  | AP Renewable Inc.  | 1979
MANITO-Lowland  | Flash  | 1.5  | Albay  | Bac-Man Geothermal Inc.  | No date
MAIBARARA  | Flash  | 20.0  | Batangas  | Maibarara Geothermal Inc.  | 2014
Palinpinon GPP  | Flash  | 192.5  | Negros Oriental  | Green Core Energy  | 1983
Leyte  | Flash  | 112.5  | Leyte  | Green Core Energy  | 1983
Unified Leyte  | Flash  | 610.2  | Leyte  | Energy Development Corp.  | 1996/1997
Nasulo GPP  | Flash  | 50.0  | Negros Occidental  | Energy Development Corp.  | 2014
Mt. Apo  | Flash  | 103.0  | North Cotabato  | Energy Development Corp.  | 1996

### Solar power

[edit]

Photovoltaic solar cell

In 2015, three solar farms were constructed in the Philippines. The Philippines receives over 7kWh per square meter per day during its peak month of April and lowest at 3kWH per square meter per day during its off-peak month of December as observed by Schadow1 Expeditions in 33 cities of the country.[38] Given the country's high solar potential, the solar energy's contribution to the energy mix is expected to increase from the current (2019) 1.2% of 23GW to at least 3.5% of the 43GW total capacity by 2040.[39]

Major solar power sites  Facility Name[32][33][34] | Type  | Installed Capacity (MW)  | Location  | Owner  | Year Commissioned

|
|
|
|
|

Tarlac-2  | Photovoltaic  | 20  | Tarlac, Tarlac  | PetroSolar Corp.  | 2019
Tarlac-1  | Photovoltaic  | 50  | Tarlac, Tarlac  | PetroSolar Corp.  | 2016
Majestic  | Photovoltaic  | 41.3  | Cavite  | Majestic Power Corp.  | 2015
Pampanga Solar  | Photovoltaic  | 10.0  | Mexico, Pampanga  | Raslag Corp.  | 2015
Burgos Solar  | Photovoltaic  | 4.0  | Burgos, Ilocos Norte  | Solar Philippines  | 2015
CEPALCO Solar PV  | Photovoltaic  | 1.0  | Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental  | CEPALCO  | 2004
Valenzuela - Isla  | Photovoltaic  | 8.6  | Valenzuela, Metro Manila  | Valenzuela Solar Energy Inc.  | 2015
Valenzuela - Tagalag  | Photovoltaic  | 20.69  | Valenzuela, Metro Manila  | Eco-Park Energy of Valenzuela Corporation  | 2019
Solar, wind, and biomass energy output[1][19] | 2005  | 2006  | 2007  | 2008  | 2009  | 2010  | 2011  | 2012  | 2013  | 2014  | 2015

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Solar, wind, and biomass output (GWh) | 19  | 55  | 59  | 63  | 79  | 90  | 205  | 259  | 279  | 364  | 1,254
Percentage change |  | 189.47%  | 7.27%  | 6.78%  | 25.40%  | 13.92%  | 127.78%  | 26.34%  | 7.72%  | 30.66%  | 244.50%

### Wind power

[edit]

Pililla wind farm

All wind power sites in the Philippines are on-shore facilities. Some, such as Ilocos Norte, Pililla Wind Farm in Rizal and Bangui Wind Farm are tourist destinations.[40][41]

On March 13, 2024, Cheloy Garafil announced that German wind and solar farms developer wpd GmbH, per CEO Björn Nullmeyer, committed P392.4B investment for PH renewable energy. “The wpd GmbH plans to invest PHP392.4 billion in the Philippines to set up offshore wind farms in Cavite, Negros Occidental, and Guimaras, the biggest undertaking registered with the Board of Investments (BOI) in February last year,” she explained. “The President met the wpd GmbH officials in Berlin to discuss status updates on the BOI-registered OSW (offshore wind) projects Cavite and Negros (1 & 2) Projects with a combined capacity of 3,260 MW (megawatts) valued at PHP400 billion,” she stressed.[42]

Major wind power sites  Facility Name[32][33][34] | Type  | Installed Capacity (MW)  | Location  | Owner  | Year Commissioned

|
|
|
|
|

Bangui Wind Farm Power Phase 1 and 2  | On-Shore  | 33.0  | Ilocos Norte  | North Wind Power Development Corp.  | 2005
Bangui Wind Farm Power Phase 3  | On-Shore  | 18.9  | Ilocos Norte  | North Wind Power Development Corp.  | 2014
Burgos Wind Farm | On-Shore  | 150.0  | Ilocos Norte  | EDC  | 2014
Carispisan Wind  | On-Shore  | 81.0  | Ilocos Norte  | North UPC  | 2014
Pililla Wind Farm | On-Shore  | 54.0  | Rizal  | Alternegy Philippine Holdings Corp.  | 2015
TAREC  | On-Shore  | 54.0  | Guimaras  | TAREC  | 2014
NABAS Wind Phase 1  | On-Shore  | 36.0  | Aklan  | PWEI  | 2015

### Biomass power

[edit]

Bagasse, a kind of biomass fuel Rice husks

Biomass energy refers to energy derived from plant and animal sources.[43] Biomass resources are abundant in the Philippines due to its large agricultural industry. Bagasse, rice husks, and coconut husks are used to generate power.[44] The Philippines also uses biogas from landfill as a biomass energy source. The availability of biomass can be affected by events such as drought.[45]|

Major biomass power sites  Facility Name[32][33][34] | Type  | Installed Capacity (MW)  | Location  | Owner  | Year Commissioned

|
|
|
|
|

Green Future  | Bagasse  | 19.8  | Isabela  | Green Future Innovation Inc.  | 2014
5JC Power  | Rice Husk  | 12.0  | Nueva Ecija  | I Power Corp.  | 2015
Montalban LFG  | Landfill Gas  | 9.3  | Rizal  | Montalban Methane Power Corp.  | 2009
Laguna LFG  | Landfill Gas  | 4.2  | Laguna  | Bacavalley Energy Inc.  | 2011
Lucky PPH  | Bagasse  | 4.0  | Isabela  | Lucky PPH International Inc.  | 2008
Pangea  | Landfill Gas  | 1.2  | Metro Manila  | Pangea Green Energy Phil Inc.  | 2013

## Legislation

[edit]

The Philippine government has passed four laws that seek to improve the state of renewable energy. These are the Electric Power Industry Reform Act of 2001 (RA 9136); the Biofuel Act of 2006 (RA 9367); the Renewable Energy Act of 2008 (RA 9513); and the Climate Change Act of 2009 (RA 9729).

The Electric Power Industry Reform Act (2001) (EPIRA) promotes the use of renewable energy particularly through private sector investment.[7] However, after a decade of EPIRA's enactment, advocacy groups and lawmakers said the law only strengthened monopolies and caused electricity rates to double.[46][47][48][49]

The Biofuels Act (2006) documents state policy to reduce the Philippines' dependence on imported fossil fuels. It encourages investment in biofuels through incentives including reduced tax on local or imported biofuels; and bank loans for Filipino citizens engaged in biofuel production. The law resulted in the formation of the National Biofuel Board (NBB).[8]

The Renewable Energy Act (2008) legislates state policy to accelerate the development and use of renewable energy resources.[10] Under this act (section 6), mandated a minimum percentage of generation of electricity from renewable sources (a renewable portfolio standard (RPS)). Also under this act (section 7), a feed-In tariff system was implemented for electricity produced from renewable sources, giving producers the security of long term fixed prices.[50] Electricity utilities make net metering agreements with qualified end-users of renewable energy systems. A minimum percentage of electricity from renewable sources for the off-grid missionary electrification system was also mandated.

Under the Renewable Energy Act (2008), incentives are available to developers of renewable energy. These incentives include an income tax holiday for the first seven years of the entity's commercial operations; duty-free importation and special realty tax rates on renewable energy machinery, equipment and materials within the first ten years; net operating loss carry-over; zero percent Value-Added Tax (VAT) rate for the sale of fuel or power generated from renewable sources of energy; and Tax Credit on domestic capital equipment and services.

The Climate Change Act (2009) legislated state policy to incorporate a gender-sensitive, pro-children and pro-poor perspective in all climate change and renewable energy efforts.[11]

## Feed-in tariff program statistics

[edit]

FIT Monitoring Board summary[51] Resource  | For Nomination / Conversion  | With Certificate of Confirmation of Commerciality  | With Certificate of Endorsement to ERC

|
|
|

No. of Projects  | Capacity (MW)  | No. of Projects  | Capacity (MW)  | No. of Projects  | Capacity (MW)
Hydro  | –  | –  | 66  | 610.93  | 4  | 26.60
Wind  | 7  | 1,023.55  | 5  | 431.00  | 6  | 393.90
Solar  | 18  | 681.30  | 30  | 892.54  | 6  | 131.90
Biomass  | –  | –  | 4  | 24.37  | 11  | 94.25
TOTAL | 25 | 1704.85 | 105 | 1,958.84 | 27 | 646.65
FiT degression[50] RE Technology  | Proposed FiT ($/kWh)*  | Approved FiT ($/kwh)*  | Degression Rate

|
|
|

Solar  | 0.407  | 0.220  | 6% after 1 year from effectivity of FiT
Wind  | 0.235  | 0.193  | 0.5% after 2 years from effectivity of FiT
Biomass  | 0.159  | 0.150  | 0.5% after 2 years from effectivity of FiT
Run-of-River Hydro  | 0.139  | 0.134  | 0.5% after 2 years from effectivity of FiT
*Based on US$1.00 : PHP 44.00

## Private sector involvement

[edit]

The Renewable Energy Act (2008) encourages the involvement of the private sector in renewable energy production through fiscal and non-fiscal incentives.[52]

Fiscal incentives include tax reductions, as well as funding assistance from both government and third parties. A number of international organizations have expressed willingness to aid Philippine businesses in developing local renewable energy infrastructure including German Technical Cooperation (GTZ), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Asian Development Bank (ADB), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).[53] Impediments to private sector investment include high transaction costs; social engineering costs; lack of suitable local technology; and caps on electricity prices made by the Energy Regulatory Commission.[54][52]

An itemized partial list of required permits, licenses and certificates for RE project application:[54] Required Documents issued by the National Government  | Required Documents issued by the Local Government Units

|

1. SEC Registration
2. DOE Certificate/Endorsement
3. DOE Accreditation
4. BOI Registration
5. CSR Approval — Anti-poverty Commission
6. DENR EPC Certificate
7. DENR Environmental Certificate (ECC)
8. DENR Permit to Operate
9. Development Permit (endorsed to LGU)
10. Transfer Certificate of Title (LRB, HLURB)
11. BIR Certified Tax Declaration
12. ERC Certificate of Compliance
13. NTC Permit to Purchase
14. NTC License to operate
15. ERC Compliance to Grid Code
16. ERC Compliance to Distribution Code
17. WESM Registration
18. Right of Way permit
19. Power Purchase Agreements
20. Certificate of Registration as Importer

1. LGU Endorsements (Governor, Mayor, Councils)
2. Realty Tax
3. Barangay Clearance to operate
4. Business and Operations Tax
5. Building permit
6. Real Estate Tax Receipt
7. Sanitary Permit
8. Barangay Clearance for Construction
9. Right of Way permits
10. Water Rights

Renewable energy Technology[52] | Issued FIT rate (per kWh)  | Proposed rate (per kWh)

|
|

Solar  | Php 9.68  | Php 17.95
Wind  | Php 8.53  | Php 10.37
Biomass  | Php 6.63  | Php 7.00
Hydropower  | Php 5.90  | Php 6.15

### Public-private partnership

[edit]

Up until June 2015, the Department of Energy (DOE) had awarded 646 service contracts as Public-private partnerships to private sector entities under the Renewable Energy Law with installed capacity of 2,760.52 MW.[55]

Resources  | Awarded Projects  | Installed Capacity  | Potential Capacity

|
|
|

Geothermal  | 42  | 1,896.19  | 750.00
Hydro  | 407  | 136.73  | 7,884.54
Wind  | 51  | 426.90  | 1,168.00
Solar  | 93  | 108.90  | 2,206.51
Biomass  | 45  | 191.80  | 357.00
Ocean energy  | 8  | –  | 31.00
TOTAL | 646  | 2,760.52  | 12,397.05

Instances of private sector projects include:

Island Group  | Resource  | Project Name  | Project Proponent

|
|
|

Luzon[56] | Hydropower  | Kapangan  | Cordillera Hydro Electric Power Corporation
Bulanao  | DPJ Engineers and Consultants
Prismc  | PNOC-Renewables Corporation
Magat A  | Isabela Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Magat B  | Isabela Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Tubao  | Tubao Mini-Hydro Electric Corporation
Catuiran*  | Sta. Clara Power Corp.
Inabasan*  | Ormin Power, Inc.
Solar  | San Rafael Solar Power Plant  | SPARC Solar Powered AgriRural Communities Corporation
Morong Solar Power Plant  | SPARC Solar Powered AgriRural Communities Corporation
Cabanatuan Solar Power Project  | First Cabanatuan Renewable Ventures, Inc.
Palauig Solar Power Plant  | SPARC Solar Powered AgriRural Communities Corporation
Currimao Solar Photovoltaic Power Project  | Mirae Asia energy Corporation
Macabud Solar Photovoltaic Power Project  | ATN Philippines Solar energy Group, Inc.
Sta. Rita Solar Power Project  | Jobin-Sqm Inc.
YH Green  | YH Green
Tarlac Solar Power Project  | PetroSolar Corporation
Calatagan Solar Power Project Phase I  | Solar Philippines Calatagan Corporation
Geothermal  | Bacman 3 (Tanawon) Geothermal Project  | energy Development Corporation
Maibarara 2 Geothermal Project  | Maibarara Geothermal Inc.
Biomass  | 2 MW ACNPC WTE Biomass Power Plant Project  | Asian Carbon Neutral Power Corporation
12 MW Biomass Power Plant Project  | Green Innovations for Tomorrow Corporation
5 MW Bicol Biomass energy Corporation  | Bicol Biomass energy Corporation
8.8 MW Biogas Power Plant Project  | AseaGas Corporation
24 MW SJCiPower Rice Husk-Fired Biomass power Plant Project (Phase 1 – 12MW Phase 2 – 12 MW)  | San Jose City I Power Corporation
70 kW Biomass Gasification Power Plant Project*  | PowerSource Philippines, Inc.
Visayas[57] | Geothermal  | Biliran Geothermal Plant Project  | Biliran Geothermal Incorporated
Hydropower  | Villasiga HEP  | Sunwest Water & Electric Co., Inc.
Igbulo (Bais) Hydroelectric Power Project  | Century Peak energy Corporation
Cantakoy  | Quadriver energy Corp.
Amlan HEPP  | Natural Power Sources Integration, Inc.
Solar  | Miag-ao Solar Power Project  | COSMO Solar energy, Inc.
La Carlota Solar Power Project Phase A (SACASOL II-A)  | San Carlos Solar energy Inc.
Cadiz Solar Power Project  | Phil.Power Exploration & Development Corporation
Wind  | Nabas Wind Power Project Phase I – 34 Phase II-16  | PetroWind energy Corporation
Biomass  | 12 MW Multi-Feedstock Biomass Power Plant Project  | Megawatt Clean energy, Inc.
2.5 MW Rice Husk-Fired Biomass Power Plant Project  | Megawatt Clean energy, Inc.
Mindanao[58] | Hydropower  | Lake Mainit  | Agusan Power Corporation
Puyo Hydroelectric Power Project  | First Gen Mindanao Hydropower Corp.
Asiga  | Asiga Green energy Corp.
Manolo Fortich I  | Hedcor Bukidnon, Inc.
Manolo Fortich 2  | Hedcor Bukidnon, Inc.
Solar  | Kibawe Solar Power Project  | Asiga Green energy Corp.
Digos Solar Power Project Phase I  | Enfinity Philippines Renewable Resources, Inc.
Digos Solar Power Project Phase II  | Enfinity Philippines Renewable Resources, Inc.
Biomass  | 3 MW Biomass Cogeneration Facility  | Philippine Trade Center, Inc.
15 MW LPC Biomass Power Plant Project  | Lamsan Power Corporation
3.5 MW Biomass Cogeneration System  | Green Earth Enersource Corporation
10MW Malay-balay Bioenergy Corporation Multi Feedstock Generating Facility  | Malaybalay Bio-energy Corporation
23.5 MW EPC Woody Biomass Power Plant Project  | Eastern Petroleum Corporation
12 MW Napier Grass-Fired Biomass Power Plant Project  | Manolo Fortich Biomass energy Corporation

*—off grid project

## See also

[edit]

* Electricity sector in the Philippines
* Energy in the Philippines
* Geothermal power in the Philippines
* Wind power in the Philippines

## References

[edit]

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