Rescue behaviour

Rescue behaviour is a form of altruistic behaviour shown by animals where an individual in distress is aided appropriately by another individual which puts itself at risk in the process. The term "rescue behaviour" was first introduced in the title and in the text of a paper by Wojciech Czechowski, Ewa Joanna Godzińska and Marek Kozłowski (2002) that reported the results of field observations and experiments documenting this behaviour in workers of three ant species, Formica sanguinea, Formica fusca and Formica cinerea that were observed to try to rescue individuals captured by antlion larvae (Myrmeleon formicarius).[1] Criteria allowing to tell apart rescue behaviour from other forms of cooperation and altruism were subsequently provided by Elise Nowbahari and Karen L. Hollis.[2]

Rescue behaviour has been demonstrated in a very limited range of animals that include ants,[3] primates including humans,[4] a few bird species, such as the Australian magpie,[5] and wild boar.[6]

## References

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1. ^ W. Czechowski, E. J. Godzińska, M. W. Kozłowski, 2002. Rescue behaviour shown by workers of Formica sanguinea Latr., F. fusca L. and F. cinerea Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in response to their nestmates caught by an ant lion larva. Annales Zoologici 52: 423-431.
2. ^ Nowbahari, Elise; Hollis, Karen L. (2010). "Rescue behavior: Distinguishing between rescue, cooperation and other forms of altruistic behavior". Communicative & Integrative Biology. 3 (2): 77–79. doi:10.4161/cib.3.2.10018. ISSN 1942-0889. PMC 2889958. PMID 20585494.
3. ^ Miler, Krzysztof; Turza, Filip (2021). ""O Sister, Where Art Thou?"—A Review on Rescue of Imperiled Individuals in Ants". Biology. 10 (11): 1079. doi:10.3390/biology10111079. ISSN 2079-7737. PMC 8614747. PMID 34827072.
4. ^ Jack, Katharine M.; Brown, Michaela R.; Buehler, Margaret S.; Cheves Hernadez, Saul; Ferrero Marín, Nuria; Kulick, Nelle K.; Lieber, Sophie E. (2020). "Cooperative rescue of a juvenile capuchin (Cebus imitator) from a Boa constrictor". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 16814. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1016814J. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73476-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7544904. PMID 33033278.
5. ^ Crampton, Joel; Frère, Celine H.; Potvin, Dominique A. (2022). "Australian Magpies Gymnorhina tibicen cooperate to remove tracking devices". Australian Field Ornithology. 39: 7–11. doi:10.20938/afo39007011. S2CID 246899904.
6. ^ Masilkova, Michaela; Ježek, Miloš; Silovský, Václav; Faltusová, Monika; Rohla, Jan; Kušta, Tomáš; Burda, Hynek (2021). "Observation of rescue behaviour in wild boar (Sus scrofa)". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 16217. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1116217M. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-95682-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8355341. PMID 34376774.

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