Ryongchon disaster

2004 train wreck in North Korea

The Ryongchŏn disaster was a train disaster that occurred on 22 April 2004 in the town of Ryongchŏn, North Korea, near the border with the People's Republic of China. At least 54 people were killed, including some Syrian scientists.

The disaster occurred when flammable cargo exploded at Ryongchon Station at around 13:00 local time (04:00 GMT). The news was released by South Korean media outlets, which reported that up to 3,000 people had been killed or injured in the blast and subsequent fires.[1] The North Korean government declared a state of emergency in the region, but little information has been made public by the North Korean government. Shortly after the accident, the North Korean government cut telephone lines to the outside world.[2][3]

As of 2024, it remains the second-deadliest rail accident in North Korea, and the third-deadliest in Korean history, being surpassed by the Gupo Mugunghwa-Ho Derailment (South Korea) and the 2024 Sinpyeong Rail Disaster (North Korea).

## Effects

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The Red Cross was allowed into the area, in an unusual concession from the North Korean authorities, becoming the only outside agency to see the disaster area. According to the initial agency report, 160 people were killed and 1,300 were injured in the disaster.[4] However, official casualty reports the following day listed 54 deaths and 1,249 injuries.[5] A wide area was reported to have been affected, with some airborne debris reportedly falling across the border in China. (Satellite pictures published by the BBC purported to show widespread damage in the town, but these were later retracted; they actually show Baghdad from an earlier date, and the strong black-white contrast was misinterpreted.[6]) The Red Cross reported that 1,850 houses and buildings had been destroyed and another 6,350 had been damaged.[4]

On 23 April 2004, the United Nations received an appeal for international aid from North Korea's government. The following day, a few diplomats and aid workers were allowed into the country to assess the disaster.[7]

## Cause

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The cause and nature of the accident have been the subject of considerable speculation, with several different accounts being reported.

* It was initially reported that the explosion was the result of a collision between two trains carrying gasoline (petrol) and liquified petroleum gas, possibly donated by China to alleviate the ongoing North Korean fuel shortage.[3]
* Diplomats and aid workers in North Korea later suggested that the explosion took place when explosive materials were being shunted in rail cars, possibly being triggered by a collision with a live electric power cable. This is corroborated by reports by North Korean officials to Russia's Itar-Tass news agency, and by government sources to Japan's Kyodo news service. The material was said to be intended for use in canal construction. The official Chinese news agency Xinhua reported that there had been a leak of ammonium nitrate, a substance which is used in some explosives, as a fertilizer, and in rocket fuel. The Sunday Telegraph attributed the disaster to "the explosion of a train carrying ammonium nitrate".[8]

KCNA, the state news service, apparently confirmed the Xinhua report by stating the incident was "due to the electrical contact caused by carelessness during the shunting of wagons loaded with ammonium-nitrate fertilizer".[9][10]

North Korean leader Kim Jong-il passed through the station several hours before the explosion as he returned from a meeting in China. It was suggested that the explosion might have been an assassination attempt, but South Korean intelligence services believed that it was an accident.[9] One theory is that one of the trains involved was carrying fuel from China. If the incident did involve a train collision, it has been suggested that the cause of the accident may have been a miscommunication related to the changes in train timetables due to Kim Jong-il's itinerary.[9]

Other observers have suggested that the poor state of North Korea's railway system may have contributed to the disaster. It accounts for about 90% of freight transportation; a lack of fuel forces most vehicles off roads.[citation needed] The railway, built by the Japanese during their occupation of the country, is reported to be in poor repair, with elderly rolling stock running no faster than 65 kilometres per hour (40 mph) (in part due to the poor state of North Korea's electrical supply).[11]

## North Korean government response

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According to North Korean defector Thae Yong-ho, Kim Jong-il ordered the execution of several transportation officials after the disaster.[12]

## See also

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* List of ammonium nitrate disasters
* Transport in North Korea

## References

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1. ^ "Mass Casualties Feared in N. Korea Train Blast". Fox News. Archived from the original on March 12, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
2. ^ "'Electrical Contact' Caused Train Collision, North Korea Says". Voice of America. April 24, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2009.[dead link]
3. ^ a b "N Korea train blast 'kills many'". London: BBC. April 22, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2009.
4. ^ a b "New theory on N Korea rail blast". London: BBC. April 23, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2009. Later reports include updated figures: 160 dead and 1,300 injured.
5. ^ James Brooke (April 24, 2004). "North Korea Appeals for Help After Railway Explosion". The New York Times. Retrieved April 18, 2014.
6. ^ "It was bound to happen – Wrong satellite images used to depict North Korean Blast". GlobalSecurity.org. April 23, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2009.
7. ^ "North Korea station 'obliterated'". London: BBC. April 24, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2009.
8. ^ Sunday Telegraph, p. April 1, 25 2004
9. ^ a b c "Rumours linger over N Korea blast". London: BBC. April 24, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2009.
10. ^ "KCNA Report on Explosion at Ryongchon Railway Station". KCNA. April 24, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2009.
11. ^ Brooke, James (April 23, 2004). "3,000 Casualties Reported in North Korean Rail Blast". The New York Times. Retrieved October 29, 2009.
12. ^ "Ex-North Korea diplomat: Pyongyang makes a fortune in insurance fraud". Retrieved June 1, 2018.

## External links

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* In pictures: N Korea blast—BBC Photo gallery
* Photo gallery at GlobalSecurity.org
* GlobalSecurity.org report and satellite imagery
* "Reconstruction of Ryongchon"

39°58′50″N 124°27′31″E﻿ / ﻿39.98056°N 124.45861°E﻿ / 39.98056; 124.45861

* v
* t
* e

Ammonium nitrate disasters

* Faversham (1916)
* Oppau (1921)
* Nixon Nitration Works (1924)
* Texas City (1947)
* Roseburg (1959)
* Port Neal (1994)
* Toulouse (2001)
* Mihăilești (2004)
* Ryongchon (2004)
* West Fertilizer Co. (2013)
* Tianjin (2015)
* Beirut (2020)

* v
* t
* e

Railway accidents and incidents in 2004 (2004)

* Feb 15 Tebay rail accident, United Kingdom
* Feb 18 Nishapur train disaster, Iran
* Mar 11 Madrid bombings, Spain
* Apr 22 Ryongchon disaster, North Korea
* Jun 17 Karanjadi train crash, India
* Jul 22 Pamukova train derailment, Turkey
* Nov 6 Ufton Nervet rail crash, United Kingdom
* Nov 15 Cairns train derailment, Australia
* Dec 26 Peraliya train wreck, Sri Lanka

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