Samaritan Aramaic language

Dialect of Aramaic used by the Samaritans

For the language with ISO code `smp`, see Samaritan Hebrew.

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Samaritan Aramaic

ࠀࠓࠌࠉࠕ Arāmît
Pronunciation| [arɑmiθ], [arɑmit],
[ɑrɑmɑjɑ], [ɔrɔmɔjɔ]
Region| Israel and Palestine, predominantly in Samaria and Holon.
Extinct| by 12th century; liturgical use[1]

Language family

Afro-Asiatic

* Semitic
* Central Semitic
* Northwest Semitic
* Aramaic
* Western
* Palestinian Aramaic
* Samaritan Aramaic

Early forms

Proto-Afroasiatic

* Proto-Semitic
* Old Aramaic
* Middle Aramaic
* Palestinian Aramaic

Writing system

| Samaritan alphabet
Language codes
ISO 639-2| `sam`
ISO 639-3| `sam`
Glottolog| `sama1314`

This article contains Hebrew text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Hebrew letters.

Samaritan Aramaic, or Samaritan, was the dialect of Aramaic used by the Samaritans in their sacred and scholarly literature. This should not be confused with the Samaritan Hebrew language of the Scriptures. Samaritan Aramaic ceased to be a spoken language some time between the 10th and the 12th centuries, with Samaritans switching to Palestinian Arabic as their vernacular language.

In form it resembles the Aramaic of the Targumim, and is written in the Samaritan alphabet.

Important works written in Samaritan include the translation of the Samaritan Pentateuch in the form of the targum paraphrased version. There are also legal, exegetical and liturgical texts, though later works of the same kind were often written in Arabic.

## Sample

[edit]

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Exodus XX.1-6:

1. Umellel Elâ'e yet kel milleyya aalen l'mimar.
2. Ana Šema Eluek deppiqtek men ara d'Miṣrem mibbet av'doothah.
3. La ya'i lakk elah ahkharin, bar minah.
4. La tewed lakh tsilam v'khal d'mu debšumeyya milleilah wedbaraa millera wedbameyya mil'ra l'ar'ah.
5. La tisgad l'hon v'la tifli'khinon arei anah ala anaki Šema elaak el kana mas'ar khoveih awaan al b'nin m'rahdin al dahr t'leethai v'ah; dahr r'vee'ai l'sahnai kad mašl'meen b'nayah l'meekhtei bathar avahth'hohn.
6. Wabed teivoo l'al'fei dahreen l'rahkhamai welnateri fiqqudi.[citation needed]

Notice the similarities with Judeo-Aramaic as found in Targum Onqelos to this same passage (some expressions below are paraphrased, not literally translated):

1. Umalleil Adonai yat kol pitgamayya ha'illein lemeimar
וּמַלֵּיל יְיָ יָת כָּל פִּתְגָמַיָּא הָאִלֵּין לְמֵימַר
2. Ana Adonai elahach de'appeiktach me'ar'a deMiṣrayim mibbeit avduta
אֲנָא יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ דְּאַפֵּיקְתָּךְ מֵאַרְעָא דְּמִצְרַיִם מִבֵּית עַבְדוּתָא
3. La yihvei lach elah achoran, bar minni
לָא יִהְוֵי לָךְ אֱלָהּ אָחֳרָן, בָּר מִנִּי
4. La ta'aveid lach ṣeilam vechol demu devišmayya mille'eila vediv'ar'a millera vedivmayya millera le'ar'a
לָא תַּעֲבֵיד לָךְ צֵילַם וְכָל דְּמוּ דְּבִשְׁמַיָּא מִלְּעֵילָא וְדִבְאַרְעָא מִלְּרַע וְדִבְמַיָּא מִלְּרַע לְאַרְעָא
5. La tisgod lehon vela tiflechinnin arei ana adonai elahach el kanna mas'ar chovei avahan al benin maradin al dar telitai ve'al dar revi'ai lesane'ai kad mašlemin benayya lemichtei batar avahatehon
לָא תִּסְגּוֹד לְהוֹן וְלָא תִּפְלְחִנִּין אֲרֵי אֲנָא יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ אֵל קַנָּא מַסְעַר חוֹבֵי אֲבָהָן עַל בְּנִין מָרָדִין עַל דָּר תְּלִיתַאי וְעַל דָּר רְבִיעַאי לְסָנְאָי כַּד מַשְׁלְמִין בְּנַיָּא לְמִחְטֵי בָּתַר אֲבָהָתְהוֹן
6. Ve'aveid teivu le'alfei darin lerachamai ulenaterei pikkodai
וְעָבֵיד טֵיבוּ לְאַלְפֵי דָּרִין לְרָחֲמַי וּלְנָטְרֵי פִּקּוֹדָי

## See also

[edit]

* Christian Palestinian Aramaic
* Jewish Babylonian Aramaic
* Jewish Palestinian Aramaic
* Mandaic language
* Western Neo-Aramaic

## Bibliography

[edit]

* J. Rosenberg, Lehrbuch der samaritanischen Sprache und Literatur, A. Hartleben's Verlag: Wien, Pest, Leipzig.
* Nicholls, G. F. A Grammar of the Samaritan Language with Extracts and Vocabulary. London: Samuel Bagster and Sons, 1858.
* Tal, Abraham, A Dictionary of Samaritan Aramaic: Brill 2000 ISBN 90-04-11645-1

## External links

[edit]

* Samaritan Aramaic Targum \- Aramaic text of Samaritan Targum with English translation.
* [1] -https://www.the-samaritans.net \- The Samaritan prayers services and liturgy.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Samaritan Aramaic at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

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Semitic languages

Branches|

* East
* West
* Central
* South

East|

* Akkadian
* Canaano-Akkadian
* Eblaite

Central|

| Arabic|

| Historical|

* Proto-Arabic
* Old Arabic
* Ancient North Arabian
* Dadanitic
* Dumaitic
* Hasaitic
* Hismaic
* Safaitic
* Taymanitic
* Thamudic
* Nabataean Arabic
* Pre-classical Arabic

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Literary|

* Classical
* Modern Standard

Dialect groups|

* Egyptian Arabic
* Levantine
* Maghrebi
* Siculo-Arabic
* Maltese
* Mesopotamian
* Peninsular

Northwest|

| Aramaic|

| Historical|

* Old Aramaic
* Imperial Aramaic
* Biblical Aramaic
* Middle Aramaic

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Eastern|

* Ashurian and Hatran
* Jewish Babylonian
* Mandaic
* Syriac

Western|

* Lebanese
* Nabataean
* Palestinian
* Christian Palestinian
* Galilean
* Jewish Palestinian
* Samaritan
* Palmyrene

Neo-
Aramaic|

| North-
eastern|

| Christian|

* Barwar
* Bohtan
* Hértevin
* Koy Sanjaq Christian
* Qaraqosh
* Senaya
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Jewish|

* Barzani
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* Inter-Zab
* Koy Sanjaq Jewish
* Sanandaj
* Trans-Zab
* Urmia Jewish
* Zakho

Others|

* Central
* Mlaḥsô
* Turoyo
* Neo-Mandaic
* Western

Others|

* Armazic
* Judeo-Aramaic

Canaanite|

* Ammonite
* Edomite
* Hebrew
* Biblical
* northern dialect
* Mishnaic
* Medieval
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* Moabite
* Phoenician
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Others|

* Amorite
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* Galilean
* Deir Alla
* Himyaritic
* Samalian
* Sutean

South|

| Eastern (Modern
Arabian)|

* Baṭḥari
* Ḥarsusi
* Hobyot
* Mehri
* Shehri
* Soqotri

|

Western|

| Ethio-Semitic|

| North|

* Geʽez
* Dahalik
* Tigre
* Tigrinya

|

South|

| Trans-
versal|

| Amharic–Argobba|

* Amharic
* Argobba

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Harari–East Gurage|

* East Gurage
* Siltʼe
* Inneqor
* Ulbare
* Wolane
* Zay
* Harari

Outer|

| N-group|

* Gafat
* Soddo

|

Tt-group|

* Mesmes
* Muher
* West Gurage
* Inor
* Endegen
* Mesqan
* Sebat Bet
* Chaha
* Ezha
* Gumer
* Gura
* Gyeto

Old Arabian|

* Faifi
* Hadramautic
* Minaean
* Qatabanian
* Awsanian
* Rijal Alma
* Razihi
* Sabaic

* Italics indicate extinct or historical languages.
* Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.

* v
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* e

Samaritans

Religion|

* Samaritanism
* Mount Gerizim
* Samaritan Pentateuch
* Priesthood
* Passover
* Tomb of Joseph
* Hill of Phinehas

Culture|

* Samaritan Hebrew
* Samaritan Aramaic
* Samaritan script

History and important figures|

* Samerina
* Sanballat the Horonite
* Simon Magus
* Dositheos
* Eudokia of Heliopolis
* Justa
* Marinus of Neapolis
* Samaritan revolts
* Baba Rabba
* Julianus ben Sabar

Literature|

* The Asaṭīr
* The Kitab al-Tarikh of Abu 'l-Fath
* Book of Joshua
* Memar Marqah
* Tolidah

Settlements and communities|

| Current|

* Holon
* Kiryat Luza

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Former|

* Attil
* Awarta
* al-Badhan
* Bayt Dajan
* Beit Dajan, Nablus
* Beit Wazan
* Beth Phurik
* Cairo
* Damascus
* Emmaus
* Fahma
* Fara'ata
* Farkha
* Fondeka
* Gaza
* Immatain
* Jaffa
* Jit
* Jusepheh
* Kafr Abbush
* Kafr Qaddum
* Kafr Qallil
* Kafr Zibad
* Khirbet Kurkush
* Khirbet Samara
* Kiryat Hagga
* Merdah
* Salem
* Selebi
* Shechem
* Silat
* Sirin
* Tira Luzeh
* Tulkarm
* Zeita

Related topics|

* Samaria
* Cuthites
* Israelites
* Tribe of Ephraim
* Tribe of Manasseh
* Tribe of Levi
* Jews
* Parable of the Good Samaritan
* Samaritan woman at the well
* Ten Lost Tribes

Authority control databases: National |

* France
* BnF data
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