Sarah Gilbert

English vaccinologist (born 1962)

For the American actress, see Sara Gilbert.

Dame

Sarah Gilbert

DBE FRS

Gilbert in 2021

Born| April 1962 (age 63)

Kettering, Northamptonshire, England

Alma mater| University of East Anglia (BSc)
University of Hull  (PhD)
Known for| Vaccinology
Children| 3
Awards| Albert Medal (2021)
Princess of Asturias Award (2021)
King Faisal Prize (2023)
Scientific career
Fields| Vaccines[1]
Institutions| University of Oxford
Vaccitech
Delta Biotechnology
Leicester Biocentre
Brewing Industry Research Foundation
Christ Church, Oxford
Thesis| Studies on lipid accumulation and genetics of Rhodosporidium toruloides (1986)
Doctoral advisor| Colin Ratledge, Dr M. Keenan
Website| www.jenner.ac.uk/team/sarah-gilbert

Dame Sarah Catherine Gilbert DBE FRS (born April 1962) is an English vaccinologist who is a Professor of Vaccinology at the University of Oxford and co-founder of Vaccitech.[2][3][4][5][6] She specialises in the development of vaccines against influenza and emerging viral pathogens.[7] She led the development and testing of the universal flu vaccine, which underwent clinical trials in 2011.

In January 2020, she read a report on ProMED-mail about four people in China suffering from a strange kind of pneumonia of unknown origin in Wuhan.[8] Within two weeks, a vaccine had been designed at Oxford against the new pathogen, which later became known as COVID-19.[9] On 30 December 2020, the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine she co-developed with the Oxford Vaccine Group was approved for use in the UK.[10] More than 3 billion doses of the vaccine were supplied to countries worldwide.[11]

## Early life and education

[edit]

Sarah Catherine Gilbert was born in Kettering, Northamptonshire. Her father was an office manager for a shoemakers and her mother was a primary school teacher.[12] Gilbert attended Kettering High School for Girls, where she realised that she wanted to work in medicine.[13][14] She earned nine O-Levels with six A grades.[13] She graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Biological Sciences from the University of East Anglia (UEA) in 1983.[15] While at UEA she began playing the saxophone, which she would practise in the woods around the UEA Broad so as not to disturb others in her halls.[13][16]

She moved to the University of Hull for her doctoral degree, where she investigated the genetics and biochemistry of the yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides, graduating with a PhD in 1986.[17][14]

## Research and career

[edit]

After earning her doctoral degree, Gilbert worked as a postdoctoral researcher in industry at the Brewing Industry Research Foundation before moving to the Leicester Biocentre. In 1990, Gilbert joined Delta Biotechnology, a biopharmaceutical company that manufactured drugs in Nottingham.[14][18] In 1994, Gilbert returned to academia, joining the laboratory of Adrian V. S. Hill. Her early research considered host–parasite interactions in malaria. She became a University lecturer in 1999 and she was made a Reader in Vaccinology at the University of Oxford in 2004.[14]

She was made Professor at the Jenner Institute in 2010. With the support of the Wellcome Trust, Gilbert started work on the design and creation of novel influenza vaccinations.[14] In particular, her research considers the development and preclinical testing of viral vaccinations, which embed a pathogenic protein inside a safe virus.[19][20] These viral vaccinations induce a T cell response, which can be used against viral diseases, malaria and cancer.[19]

Graphical representation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), created by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which reveals ultrastructural morphology exhibited by coronaviruses.

Gilbert was involved with the development and testing of the universal flu vaccine. Unlike conventional vaccinations, the universal flu vaccine did not stimulate the production of antibodies, but instead triggers the immune system to create T cells that are specific for influenza.[21] It makes use of one of the core proteins (nucleoprotein and matrix protein 1) inside the Influenza A virus, not the external proteins that exist on the outside coat.[22]

As the immune system weakens with age, conventional vaccinations are not effective for elderly. The universal flu vaccine does not need to be reformatted every year and stops people from needing a seasonal flu vaccine. Her first clinical trials, which were in 2008, made use of the Influenza A virus subtype H3N2, and included daily monitoring of the patient's symptoms.[22][23] It was the first study that demonstrated that it was possible to stimulate T cells in response to a flu virus, and that this stimulation would protect people from getting the flu.[22] Her research has demonstrated that the adenoviral vector ChAdOx1 can be used to make vaccinations that are protective against Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in mice and able to induce immune response against MERS in humans.[24][25] The same vector was also used to create a vaccine against Nipah which was effective in hamsters (but never proven in humans),[26] in addition to a potential vaccine for Rift Valley Fever that was protective in sheep, goats, and cattle (but not proven in humans).[27]

Gilbert has been involved with the development of a new vaccination to protect against coronavirus since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.[28][29][30][2] She leads the work on this vaccine candidate alongside Andrew Pollard, Teresa Lambe, Sandy Douglas, Catherine Green and Adrian Hill.[31] As with her earlier work, the COVID-19 vaccine makes use of an adenoviral vector, which stimulates an immune response against the coronavirus spike protein.[28][29] Plans were announced to start animal studies in March 2020, and recruitment began of 510 human participants for a phase I/II trial on 27 March.[32][33][34]

In April 2020, Gilbert was interviewed about the developments by Andrew Marr on BBC television.[35] That same month, Gilbert was reported as saying that her candidate vaccine could be available by September 2020,[36] if everything goes to plan with the clinical trial, which has received funding from sources such as the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations.[37] Gilbert delivered an update in September 2020 that the vaccine, AZD1222, was being produced by AstraZeneca while phase III trials were ongoing.[38] Because of her vaccine research, Gilbert featured on The Times' 'Science Power List' in May 2020.[39]

In 2021, Gilbert and Catherine Green published Vaxxers: the inside story of the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine and the race against the virus.[40][41]

## Recognition

[edit]

Gilbert was the subject of BBC Radio 4's The Life Scientific in September 2020.[42] She was also on the list of the BBC's 100 Women announced on 23 November 2020,[43] and became a senior associated research fellow at Christ Church, Oxford.[44] Gilbert was awarded the Rosalind Franklin medal for her services to science by Humanists UK at its annual Rosalind Franklin Lecture on 5 March 2021,[45] at which she delivered a lecture titled ‘Racing against the virus’. The lecture detailed the history of the science of vaccination and recounted the progress of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine.[46]

In June 2021, Gilbert received a standing ovation at the 2021 Wimbledon Championships.[47] In 2021, as a role model (Barbie Shero), Sarah Gilbert had a Barbie doll made in her honour by the toy manufacturer Mattel.[48][49]

## Awards

[edit]

* 2021 – Humanists UK Rosalind Franklin Medal[46]
* 2021 – Albert Medal of the Royal Society of Arts[50]
* 2021 – Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 2021 Birthday Honours for services to science and to public health in COVID-19 vaccine development[51]
* 2021 – Princess of Asturias Award for Technical & Scientific Research[52]
* 2021 – Royal Society of Medicine Gold Medal[53]
* 2022 – Honorary doctorate of science from the University of East Anglia[54]
* 2022 – Honorary degree from the University of Bath[55]
* 2023 – King Faisal Prize in Medicine[56]
* 2023 – Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS)[57]

## Personal life

[edit]

Gilbert gave birth to triplets in 1998. Her partner gave up his career to be their primary parent.[14] As of 2020[update], all of the triplets are studying biochemistry at university.[12]

## Selected publications

[edit]

Gilbert has an h-index of 105 according to Google Scholar.[1] Her publications include:[58][59]

* Merryn Voysey; Sue Ann Costa Clemens; Shabir A Madhi; et al. (8 December 2020). "Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK". The Lancet. 397 (10269): 99–111\. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32661-1. ISSN 0140-6736. PMC 7723445. PMID 33306989. Wikidata Q104286457.
* Schneider J; Sarah Gilbert; Blanchard TJ; et al. (1 April 1998). "Enhanced immunogenicity for CD8+ T cell induction and complete protective efficacy of malaria DNA vaccination by boosting with modified vaccinia virus Ankara". Nature medicine. 4 (4): 397–402\. doi:10.1038/NM0498-397. ISSN 1078-8956. PMID 9546783. S2CID 11413461. Wikidata Q44138669.
* McShane, H; Pathan, A A; Sander, C R; Keating, S M; Gilbert, S C; Huygen, K; Fletcher, H A; Hill, A V S (December 2004). "Erratum: Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing antigen 85A boosts BCG-primed and naturally acquired antimycobacterial immunity in humans". Nature Medicine. 10 (12): 1397. doi:10.1038/nm1204-1397a. ISSN 1078-8956.
* Samuel J McConkey; William H H Reece; Vasee S Moorthy; et al. (25 May 2003). "Enhanced T-cell immunogenicity of plasmid DNA vaccines boosted by recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara in humans". Nature medicine. 9 (6): 729–735\. doi:10.1038/NM881. ISSN 1078-8956. PMID 12766765. S2CID 6670274. Wikidata Q45723463.
* Sarah Gilbert; Plebanski M; Gupta S; et al. (1 February 1998). "Association of malaria parasite population structure, HLA, and immunological antagonism". Science. 279 (5354): 1173–1177\. Bibcode:1998Sci...279.1173G. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.279.5354.1173. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9469800. Wikidata Q47826329.
* Katie J. Ewer; Tommy Rampling; Tommy Rampling; et al. (28 January 2015). "A Monovalent Chimpanzee Adenovirus Ebola Vaccine Boosted with MVA". The New England Journal of Medicine. 374 (17): 1635–1646\. doi:10.1056/NEJMOA1411627. hdl:10044/1/83613. ISSN 0028-4793. PMC 5798586. PMID 25629663. Wikidata Q24289279.
* Gilbert, Sarah; Green, Catherine (2021). Vaxxers: the inside story of the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine and the race against the virus. London: Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 9781529369854.

## External links

[edit]

Scholia has an author profile for Sarah Gilbert.

* Sarah Gilbert publications indexed by Google Scholar
* Sarah Gilbert on LinkedIn
* Oxford's Professor Sarah Gilbert: "The joys and frustrations of being a Covid vaccine maker". In: La Repubblica, 17 July 2021 (Interview).

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Sarah Gilbert publications indexed by Google Scholar
2. ^ a b Richard Lane (1 April 2020). "Sarah Gilbert: carving a path towards a COVID-19 vaccine". The Lancet. 395 (10232): 1247. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30796-0. ISSN 0140-6736. PMC 7162644. PMID 32305089. Wikidata Q92035270.
3. ^ "Sarah Gilbert – Nuffield Department of Medicine". University of Oxford. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
4. ^ "Professor Sarah Gilbert". University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 2 July 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
5. ^ "Professor Sarah Gilbert | University of Oxford". University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
6. ^ "Our Team". vaccitech.co.uk. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
7. ^ "Professor Sarah Gilbert | Hic Vac". hic-vac.org.
8. ^ Gilbert, Sarah; Green, Catherine (2021). Vaxxers : the inside story of the Oxford vaccine and the race against the virus. London. ISBN 978-1529369854.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
9. ^ McKie, Robin (4 July 2021). "Centre Court ovations, limbo-dancing grans – it's all been humbling, say Oxford vaccine creators". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
10. ^ "Covid-19: Oxford-AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine approved for use in UK". BBC News. BBC. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
11. ^ "AstraZeneca withdraws Covid-19 vaccine, citing low demand". CNN. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
12. ^ a b Cookson, Clive (24 July 2020). "Sarah Gilbert, the researcher leading the race to a Covid-19 vaccine". Financial Times. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
13. ^ a b c "Coronavirus vaccine: Who is Professor Sarah Gilbert?". Newsround. 24 November 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
14. ^ a b c d e f Admin. "Professor Sarah Gilbert". Working for NDM. Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
15. ^ "The UEA graduate leading hunt for coronavirus vaccine". Eastern Daily Press. 23 April 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
16. ^ "UEA alumni in 2020". University of East Anglia. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
17. ^ Gilbert, Sarah Catherine (1986). Studies on lipid accumulaltion and genetics of Rhodosporidium toruloides. jisc.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University of Hull. OCLC 499901226. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.381881.
18. ^ "Vaccine matters: Can we cure coronavirus?". Science Magazine. 12 August 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
19. ^ a b "Sarah Gilbert: Viral Vectored Vaccines — Nuffield Department of Medicine". University of Oxford. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
20. ^ "Professor Sarah Gilbert | Hic Vac". hic-vac.org. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
21. ^ "World-First Trial for Universal Flu Vaccine". Splice. 11 October 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
22. ^ a b c Jha, Alok (6 February 2011). "Flu breakthrough promises a vaccine to kill all strains". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
23. ^ "Sarah Gilbert — The Jenner Institute". jenner.ac.uk. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
24. ^ Vincent J Munster; Daniel Wells; Teresa Lambe; et al. (16 October 2017). "Protective efficacy of a novel simian adenovirus vaccine against lethal MERS-CoV challenge in a transgenic human DPP4 mouse model". NPJ Vaccines. 2: 28. doi:10.1038/S41541-017-0029-1. ISSN 2059-0105. PMC 5643297. PMID 29263883. Wikidata Q47147430.
25. ^ "New MERS Coronavirus vaccine clinical trial starts in Saudi Arabia". www.vaccitech.co.uk. 20 December 2019. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
26. ^ Neeltje van Doremalen; Teresa Lambe; Sarah Sebastian; et al. (6 June 2019). "A single-dose ChAdOx1-vectored vaccine provides complete protection against Nipah Bangladesh and Malaysia in Syrian golden hamsters". PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 13 (6): e0007462. doi:10.1371/JOURNAL.PNTD.0007462. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 6581282. PMID 31170144. Wikidata Q64917294.
27. ^ George M Warimwe; Joseph Gesharisha; B Veronica Carr; et al. (5 February 2016). "Chimpanzee Adenovirus Vaccine Provides Multispecies Protection against Rift Valley Fever". Scientific Reports. 6: 20617. Bibcode:2016NatSR...620617W. doi:10.1038/SREP20617. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4742904. PMID 26847478. Wikidata Q36548980.
28. ^ a b "Two groups of UK scientists in race to develop coronavirus vaccine". London Evening Standard. 7 February 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
29. ^ a b "Vaccine trials among recipients of £20 million coronavirus research investment". Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
30. ^ "Oxford team to begin novel coronavirus vaccine research | University of Oxford". University of Oxford. 7 February 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
31. ^ "COVID-19 Vaccine Trials | COVID-19". covid19vaccinetrial.co.uk. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
32. ^ Sample, Ian (19 March 2020). "Trials to begin on Covid-19 vaccine in UK next month". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
33. ^ Robson, Steve (20 March 2020). "British scientists hope to start coronavirus vaccine trials next month". manchestereveningnews.co.uk. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
34. ^ "UK scientists enrol volunteers for coronavirus vaccine trial". The Guardian. 17 March 2020.
35. ^ "Prof Sarah Gilbert: Coronavirus vaccine trials to start within days". The Andrew Marr Show. UK. 19 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
36. ^ "Coronavirus vaccine could be ready in six months, says UK scientist". The Straits Times. 11 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
37. ^ Stephanie Baker (30 March 2020). "How Top Scientists Are Racing to Beat the Coronavirus". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
38. ^ Lovett, Samuel (1 September 2020). "'You just get on with it': The Oxford professor carrying the world's hopes of a coronavirus vaccine". The Independent. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
39. ^ Franklin-Wallis, Oliver (23 May 2020). "From pandemics to cancer: the science power list". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
40. ^ Honigsbaum, Mark (11 July 2021). "Vaxxers by Sarah Gilbert and Catherine Green; Until Proven Safe by Geoff Manaugh and Nicola Twilley – reviews". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
41. ^ Ledford, Heidi (5 August 2021). "The COVID vaccine makers tell all". Nature. 596 (7870): 29–30\. Bibcode:2021Natur.596...29L. doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02090-9. S2CID 236883504.
42. ^ Presenter: Jim Al-Khalili; Producer: Anna Buckley (15 September 2020). "Sarah Gilbert on developing a vaccine for Covid-19". The Life Scientific. BBC. BBC Radio 4. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
43. ^ "BBC 100 Women 2020: Who is on the list this year?". BBC News. 23 November 2020. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
44. ^ "e-Matters 25th February 2021". www.chch.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
45. ^ Gilbert, Sarah (2021). "Racing against the virus". The Rosalind Franklin Lecture. YouTube. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
46. ^ a b "Vaccine creator Professor Sarah Gilbert delivers Rosalind Franklin Lecture to thousands". Humanists UK. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
47. ^ Duncan, Conrad (28 June 2021). "Wimbledon crowd gives standing ovation to Oxford Covid vaccine developer". The Independent. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
48. ^ "Vaccinologist Barbie: Prof Sarah Gilbert honoured with a doll". the Guardian. 4 August 2021.
49. ^ Ross, Deborah (24 May 2023). "Your Sarah Gilbert doll isn't realistic, Mattel. I want a Pay Gap Barbie" - via www.thetimes.co.uk.
50. ^ Oxford vaccine creator Professor Sarah Gilbert awarded RSA Albert Medal www.ox.ac.uk, Accessed 23 March 2021
51. ^ "No. 63377". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 June 2021. p. B8.
52. ^ IT, Developed with webControl CMS by Intermark. "Katalin Karikó, Drew Weissman, Philip Felgner, Uğur Şahin, Özlem Türeci, Derrick Rossi and Sarah Gilbert - Laureates - Princess of Asturias Awards". The Princess of Asturias Foundation.
53. ^ "Royal Society of Medicine welcomes new Honorary Fellows and medal winners". Royal Society of Medicine. 28 July 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
54. ^ "Covid vaccine co-creator Sarah Gilbert among 2022 UEA honorary graduates". Eastern Daily Press. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
55. ^ "Covid vaccine pioneer Dame Professor Sarah Gilbert receives honorary degree". www.bath.ac.uk. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
56. ^ King Faisal Prize 2023
57. ^ "Sarah Gilbert". royalsociety.org. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
58. ^ Sarah Gilbert publications from Europe PubMed Central
59. ^ Publications by Sarah Gilbert at ResearchGate

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* Manitoba
* New Brunswick
* Newfoundland and Labrador
* Northwest Territories
* Nova Scotia
* Nunavut
* Ontario
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* Ottawa
* Peel Region
* Toronto
* York Region
* Provincial government response
* Vaccination
* Prince Edward Island
* Quebec
* Montreal
* boroughs
* Saskatchewan
* timeline
* Yukon

Caribbean|

| Countries|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Cuba
* Guantanamo Bay Naval Base
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* Grenada
* Haiti
* Jamaica
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Trinidad and Tobago
* timeline

|

British Overseas Territories|

* Anguilla
* British Virgin Islands
* Cayman Islands
* Montserrat
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* response

* Aruba
* Curaçao
* Sint Maarten

Caribbean Netherlands|

* Bonaire
* Saba
* Sint Eustatius

French West Indies|

* Guadeloupe
* Martinique
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Martin

US insular areas|

* Puerto Rico
* U.S. Virgin Islands

Central America|

* Belize
* Costa Rica
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Honduras
* Mexico
* timeline
* vaccination
* Nicaragua
* Panama

United States|

* Trump administration communication
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* social impact
* economic impact
* 2021 hospital crisis

responses|

* federal government
* state and local governments
* California government response
* New York government response
* Texas government response
* Eastern States Multi-state Council
* Midwest Governors Regional Pact
* Western States Pact

By location|

* Alabama
* Alaska
* American Samoa
* Arizona
* Navajo Nation
* Arkansas
* California
* timeline
* S.F. Bay Area
* Colorado
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* Florida
* Georgia
* Guam
* Hawaii
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Louisiana
* Maine
* Maryland
* timeline
* Massachusetts
* timeline
* Boston
* timeline
* Michigan
* Minnesota
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Montana
* Nebraska
* Nevada
* timeline
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New Mexico
* New York
* New York City
* timeline
* North Carolina
* North Dakota
* Northern Mariana Islands
* Ohio
* Columbus
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Portland
* Pennsylvania
* Philadelphia
* Puerto Rico
* Rhode Island
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* timeline
* Austin
* U.S. Virgin Islands
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* Washington, D.C.
* White House
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

Oceania|

* American Samoa
* Cook Islands
* Easter Island
* Federated States of Micronesia
* Fiji
* French Polynesia
* Guam
* Hawaii
* Kiribati
* Marshall Islands
* Nauru
* New Caledonia
* Niue
* Northern Mariana Islands
* Palau
* Papua New Guinea
* Bougainville
* Pitcairn Islands
* Samoa
* Solomon Islands
* Tokelau
* Tonga
* Tuvalu
* Vanuatu
* Wallis and Futuna

Australia|

* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* January–June
* July–December
* 2022
* Australian Capital Territory
* Christmas Island
* Cocos (Keeling) Islands
* New South Wales
* Norfolk Island
* Northern Territory
* Queensland
* South Australia
* Tasmania
* Victoria
* Western Australia

New Zealand|

* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* economic impact
* government response
* Alert levels
* Traffic light system
* social impact
* managed isolation

South
America|

* Argentina
* statistics
* human rights
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* timeline
* São Paulo
* Chile
* statistics
* Easter Island
* Colombia
* timeline
* Ecuador
* Falkland Islands
* French Guiana
* Guyana
* Paraguay
* Peru
* statistics
* Cusco
* Suriname
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Others|

* Antarctica
* Cruise ships
* Diamond Princess
* Grand Princess
* Naval ships
* Charles de Gaulle
* USS Theodore Roosevelt

Impact

| Culture and
entertainment|

| Arts and
cultural heritage|

* References in popular culture
* Cinema
* films affected
* Corona-chan
* Disney
* Fashion industry
* Music industry
* Performing arts
* Television
* U.S.
* U.S. sports
* programs affected
* Video games

|

Education|

* Female education
* Homeschooling

By country|

* Ghana
* Ireland
* United Kingdom
* exam grading controversy
* United States

Sports|

* Bio-secure bubble

By country|

* Ireland
* Philippines

By sport|

* Association football
* Baseball
* Basketball
* NBA
* Combat sports
* Cricket
* Disc golf
* Gaelic games
* Gridirion football (NCAAF, NFL, and CFL)
* Ice hockey
* Motorsport
* Rugby league

Society
and rights|

| Social impact|

* Social media
* Stigma
* COVID-19 parties
* Children
* foster care in the U.S.
* Pandemic baking

|

Labor|

* Healthcare workers
* Indian migrant workers
* Great Resignation
* Strikes

Human rights|

* Argentina
* Hong Kong
* Myanmar
* North Korea
* Turkmenistan

Legal|

* Abortion in the U.S.
* Crime
* Domestic violence
* Prisons
* U.S. immigration detention

Minority|

* Gender
* LGBT community
* African communities
* Disability community
* Native American communities
* Xenophobia and racism

Religion|

* Catholic Church
* Hajj

Economic|

* Charitable activity
* COVID-19 scams
* Travel restrictions

By country|

* Canada
* India
* Ireland
* COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment
* Malaysia
* New Zealand
* Russia
* U.K.
* U.S.

By industry|

* Aviation
* Airlines
* Cannabis industry
* Food industry
* meat industry in Canada
* meat industry in the U.S.
* restaurant industry in the U.S.
* Hospitals
* ICU capacity
* Long-term care facilities
* Mink farming
* Public transport
* Retail
* Tourism

Supply and trade|

* Shortages
* Chip supply
* Energy
* Global supply chain
* Oil price war
* Food security

Financial markets|

* Global stock market crash
* COVID-19 recession
* Inflation

Information|

* Journalism
* Media coverage
* Wikipedia's response

Misinformation|

* Governments
* China
* United States
* By country
* Canada
* Philippines
* Ivermectin
* Plandemic

Politics|

* National responses
* Legislation
* European Union

Political impact|

* Ireland
* Malaysia
* Russia

Protests|

* Abkhazia
* Argentina
* Australia
* Convoy to Canberra
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Brazil
* 2020 protests
* 2021 protests
* Bulgaria
* Canada
* convoy protest
* Chile
* China
* Beijing Sitong Bridge protest
* healthcare reform protests
* Colombia
* 2021 protests
* 2022 protests
* Cuba
* France
* Yellow vests protests
* labor protests
* French West Indies social unrest
* convoy protest
* Germany
* Idar-Oberstein shooting
* Greece
* Israel
* protests against Benjamin Netanyahu
* Italy
* Mongolia
* Netherlands
* curfew riots
* New Zealand
* Wellington protest
* Paraguay
* Serbia
* Tunisia
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Open the States

International relations|

* Aid
* Italy
* Moldovan–Romanian collaboration
* Nicaragua–Taiwan relations
* Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan
* Vaccine diplomacy

Language|

* Anthropause
* Doomscrolling
* Flattening the curve
* Green recovery
* Long COVID
* Quarantini
* Social distancing
* Superspreader
* Twindemic
* Zero-COVID
* Zoom
* Zoom towns

Others|

* Animals
* Cluster 5
* Environment
* Military
* Pregnant women
* Science and technology

Health issues

| Medical topics|

* Transmission
* Symptoms
* Cancer
* Endemic COVID-19
* Skin manifestations
* Long COVID
* Mental health
* neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes
* Pregnancy
* Non-COVID-19–related health issues
* Shortages
* Raise the line
* Rehabilitation
* Unproven medical methods

|

Testing and
epidemiology|

* Datasets
* Death rates by country
* Disease testing
* Breathalyzer
* Operation Moonshot
* Test to Release
* UK Rapid Test Consortium
* AbC-19 rapid antibody test
* investigations into the origins
* lab leak theory
* Rapid antigen test
* Software
* Surveillance
* Undercounting COVID-19 deaths

Apps|

* Aarogya Setu
* BlueTrace
* careFIJI
* Coronavirus Australia
* Corona-Warn-App
* COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application
* COVID Alert (Canada)
* COVID AlertSA (South Africa)
* COVIDSafe
* COVID Tracker Ireland
* Covid Watch
* Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing
* Exposure Notification
* Health Code
* Healthy Together
* Immuni
* Koronavilkku
* LeaveHomeSafe
* MySejahtera
* NHS COVID-19
* NZ COVID Tracer
* NZ Pass Verifier
* PathCheck
* PeduliLindungi
* SafeEntry
* SafePass
* StaySafe.ph
* SwissCovid
* TCN Protocol
* Test, Trace, Protect
* Thai Chana
* TousAntiCovid
* TraceTogether
* Valtrace
* Zoe Health Study

Prevention|

* Air purifier (Corsi–Rosenthal Box)
* Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine
* COVID fatigue
* Evacuations
* Face masks
* Anti-mask sentiment
* United States
* Flattening the curve
* Great Barrington Declaration
* International aid
* Lockdowns
* Public health mitigation
* Safe Hands Challenge
* Social distancing
* Workplace hazard controls
* Zero-COVID

Vaccines|

| Topics|

* Authorizations
* Clinical research
* Deployment
* Development
* EU Certificate
* Misinformation and hesitancy
* Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates
* US
* Operation Warp Speed (U.S.)
* Post-vaccination complications
* Vaccine card
* Vaccine passports

|

Authorized|

| DNA|

* ZyCoV-D

|

Inactivated|

* Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
* CoronaVac
* Covaxin
* COVIran Barekat
* CoviVac (Russia)
* FAKHRAVAC
* Minhai
* QazCovid-in
* Sinopharm BIBP
* Sinopharm WIBP
* Turkovac
* Valneva

mRNA|

* Moderna
* Pfizer–BioNTech

Subunit|

* Abdala
* Corbevax (Bio E COVID-19)
* COVAX-19
* EpiVacCorona
* IndoVac
* MVC
* Noora
* Novavax
* Razi Cov Pars
* Sinopharm CNBG
* Soberana 02
* Soberana Plus
* ZF2001 (Zifivax)

Viral vector|

* Convidecia
* Janssen
* Oxford–AstraZeneca
* Sputnik V
* Sputnik Light

Virus-like particles|

* CoVLP

In trials|

| Attenuated|

* COVI-VAC (United States)

|

DNA|

* AG0302-COVID‑19
* GX-19
* Inovio

Inactivated|

* KD-414
* NDV-HXP-S

RNA|

* ARCT-021
* ARCT-154
* Bangavax
* CureVac (terminated)
* HGC019
* mRNA-1283
* PTX-COVID19-B
* Sanofi–Translate Bio (terminated)
* Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine
* Walvax

Subunit|

* 202-CoV
* AKS-452
* EuCorVac-19
* IVX-411
* Nanocovax
* ReCOV
* Sanofi–GSK
* S-268019
* SCB-2019
* SCTV01C
* Skycovione
* UB-612
* V-01
* V451 (terminated)
* Vabiotech
* West China Hospital
* Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech

Viral vector|

* AdCLD-CoV19
* BriLife
* COH04S1
* DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT
* GRAd-COV2
* ImmunityBio
* iNCOVACC
* INNA-051
* NDV-HXP-S
* Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine

Virus-like particles|

* ABNCoV2
* LYB001
* MigVax-101
* VBI-2902

Deployment
by location|

| Africa|

* Algeria
* Angola
* Benin
* Botswana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Cape Verde
* Cameroon
* Chad
* Comoros
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Djibouti
* Egypt
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eswatini
* Ghana
* Morocco
* Nigeria
* Senegal
* South Africa
* Zimbabwe

|

Asia|

* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Mainland China
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Israel
* Japan
* Kazakhstan
* Malaysia
* Nepal
* Philippines
* Russia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Sri Lanka
* Taiwan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* United Arab Emirates
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Albania
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Denmark
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Moldova
* Norway
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

North America|

* Canada
* Ontario
* Quebec
* Cuba
* Haiti
* Mexico
* United States
* mandates

Oceania|

* Australia
* Fiji
* New Zealand

South America|

* Argentina
* Brazil
* Colombia
* Peru

Others|

* Antarctica

Treatment|

* Drug development
* Drug repurposing research
* Baricitinib
* Dexamethasone
* Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
* Open-source ventilator
* PANORAMIC trial (UK)
* RECOVERY Trial (UK)
* Solidarity trial (WHO)

Monoclonal antibodies|

* Bamlanivimab/etesevimab
* Bamlanivimab
* Etesevimab
* Bebtelovimab
* Casirivimab/imdevimab
* Regdanvimab
* Sarilumab
* Sotrovimab
* Tixagevimab/cilgavimab
* Tocilizumab

Small molecule antivirals|

* Broad-spectrum
* Ensitrelvir
* Molnupiravir
* Remdesivir
* Co-packaged
* Nirmatrelvir
* ritonavir

Variants

| Specific|

* Alpha
* Beta
* Gamma
* Delta
* Epsilon
* Zeta
* Eta
* Theta
* Iota
* Kappa
* Lambda
* Mu
* Omicron
* timeline

|

General|

* Cluster 5
* Lineage B.1.617
* Lineage B.1.640.2
* Variant of concern

Institutions

| Hospitals and
medical clinics|

| Mainland China|

* Central Hospital of Wuhan
* Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre
* Fangcang hospitals
* Huoshenshan Hospital
* Leishenshan Hospital
* Xinjia Express Hotel
* Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital

|

Others|

* Hospital ships
* Garran Surge Centre (Australia)
* Hospital El Salvador
* SevenHills Hospital (India)
* Kemayoran Athletes Village (Indonesia)
* Pyongyang General Hospital (North Korea)
* Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang (Malaysia)
* Mega Ligtas COVID Centers (Philippines)
* Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre (Sri Lanka)
* Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital (Turkey)
* Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital (Turkey)
* COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom
* NHS Nightingale Hospitals (England)
* Birmingham
* London
* North East
* North West
* Yorkshire and the Humber
* NHS Louisa Jordan (Scotland)
* Dragon's Heart Hospital (Wales)

Organizations|

* National Cabinet (Australia)
* ScienceUpFirst (Canada)
* Wuhan Institute of Virology (China)
* Independent SAGE (United Kingdom)

Health
institutes|

* Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (African Union)
* Ghana Infectious Disease Centre (Ghana)
* Department of Health (Hong Kong)
* Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (South Korea)
* National Institute for Communicable Diseases (South Africa)
* Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (Taiwan)

Pandemic
institutes|

* National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board (Australia)
* COVID-19 Immunity Task Force (Canada)
* COVID-19 Supply Council (Canada)
* PREPARE (European Union)
* National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19 (India)
* COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force (Indonesia)
* National Public Health Emergency Team (Ireland)
* Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting (Japan)
* Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (Malaysia)
* Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee (Philippines)
* Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Philippines)
* Central Epidemic Command Center (Taiwan)
* Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board (Turkey)
* COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium (United Kingdom)
* Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team (United Kingdom)
* Joint Biosecurity Centre (United Kingdom)
* Vaccine Taskforce (United Kingdom)
* COVID-19 Advisory Board (United States)
* Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups (United States)
* White House Coronavirus Task Force (United States)
* White House COVID-19 Response Team (United States)
* GACH (Uruguay)

Relief funds|

* PM CARES Fund (India)
* SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund (India)
* Artist Relief (United States)

People

| Medical
professionals|

* Ai Fen
* Corona Rintawan
* Li Wenliang
* Liu Wen
* Xie Linka
* Zhang Wenhong

|

Researchers|

* Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud
* Roberto Burioni
* Chen Wei
* Kizzmekia Corbett
* Andrea Crisanti
* Peter Daszak
* Christian Drosten
* Neil Ferguson
* Dale Fisher
* George F. Gao
* Azra Ghani
* Sarah Gilbert
* Guan Yi
* Kentaro Iwata
* Katalin Karikó
* Matt Keeling
* Trudie Lang
* Li Lanjuan
* W. Ian Lipkin
* Ma Xiaowei
* Shabir Madhi
* Allison McGeer
* Camilla Rothe
* Shi Zhengli
* Moncef Slaoui
* Mike Tildesley
* John Todd
* Wang Chen
* Wang Guangfa
* Drew Weissman
* Yuen Kwok-yung
* Zeng Guang
* Zhang Jixian
* Zhang Yongzhen
* Zhong Nanshan

Officials|

| WHO|

* Tedros Adhanom (Director-General of the WHO)
* Bruce Aylward (Team lead of WHO-China COVID-19 mission)
* Maria Van Kerkhove (Technical Lead for COVID-19 response)
* Michael J. Ryan (Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme)

|

By location|

* Frank Atherton (Wales)
* Ashley Bloomfield (New Zealand)
* Catherine Calderwood (Scotland)
* Chang Shan-chwen (Taiwan)
* Anutin Charnvirakul (Thailand)
* Chen Shih-chung (Taiwan)
* Kenneth Chuang Yin-ching (Taiwan)
* Victor Costache (Romania)
* Fabrizio Curcio (Italy)
* Carmen Deseda (Puerto Rico)
* Jaap van Dissel (the Netherlands)
* Christian Drosten (Germany)
* Francisco Duque III (Philippines)
* Anthony Fauci (United States)
* Francesco Paolo Figliuolo (Italy)
* Graça Freitas (Portugal)
* Henrique Gouveia e Melo (Portugal)
* Matt Hancock (United Kingdom)
* Hamad Hasan (Lebanon)
* Greg Hunt (Australia)
* Tony Holohan (Ireland)
* Jeong Eun-kyeong (South Korea)
* Fahrettin Koca (Turkey)
* Li Keqiang (China)
* Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez (Mexico)
* Michael McBride (Northern Ireland)
* Oriol Mitjà (Andorra)
* Zweli Mkhize (South Africa)
* Doni Monardo (Indonesia)
* Alma Möller (Iceland)
* Saeed Namaki (Iran)
* Ala Nemerenco (Moldova)
* Nguyễn Thanh Long (Vietnam)
* Noor Hisham Abdullah (Malaysia)
* Ali Pilli (Northern Cyprus)
* Daniel Salinas (Uruguay)
* Jérôme Salomon (France)
* Fernando Simón (Spain)
* Gregor Smith (Scotland)
* Su Ih-jen (Taiwan)
* Łukasz Szumowski (Poland)
* Theresa Tam (Canada)
* Anders Tegnell (Sweden)
* Þórólfur Guðnason (Iceland)
* Sotiris Tsiodras (Greece)
* Harsh Vardhan (India)
* Víðir Reynisson (Iceland)
* Carla Vizzotti (Argentina)
* Vlad Voiculescu (Romania)
* Chris Whitty (United Kingdom)
* Lawrence Wong (Singapore)
* Jeff Zients (United States)

Others|

* Chen Qiushi
* Brett Crozier
* Fang Bin
* Fang Fang
* Joseph Ashitey Hammond
* Li Zehua
* Captain Tom Moore
* Qiu Menghuang
* Ren Zhiqiang

List of deaths due to COVID-19

Data (templates)

| Global|

* Cases, deaths, recoveries by country
* Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country
* Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country subdivision
* WHO situation reports
* cases
* January 2020
* February 2020
* March 2020
* April 2020
* May 2020
* June 2020
* July 2020
* August 2020
* September 2020
* October 2020
* November 2020
* December 2020
* January 2021
* February 2021
* March 2021
* April 2021
* May 2021
* June 2021
* July 2021
* August 2021
* deaths
* World map by countries: confirmed per capita
* China
* Hospital beds by country
* Lockdowns

|

Africa|

* Algeria
* Angola
* Benin
* Botswana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Comoros
* Egypt
* Eswatini
* Ethiopia
* Ghana
* cases chart
* Ivory Coast
* Kenya
* Libya
* Malawi
* Mali
* Mauritania
* Mauritius
* Morocco (including occupied Western Sahara)
* Mozambique
* Nigera
* cases chart
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Senegal
* Seychelles
* Sierra Leone
* South Africa
* cases chart
* South Sudan
* Sudan
* Tanzania
* Togo
* Tunisia
* Uganda
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe
* cases chart

Americas|

* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Canada
* by province
* vaccinations by province
* Chile
* by commune
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* cases chart
* Cuba
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Mexico
* cases chart
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* United States
* by state
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Asia|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Artsakh
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* by division
* Bhutan
* cases chart
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* cases chart
* summary
* China
* cases chart
* confirmed per capita
* lockdowns
* by province
* Hong Kong
* Macau
* Cyprus
* East Timor
* Egypt
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* cases chart
* Iran
* cases chart
* Iraq
* Israel
* cases chart
* Japan
* cases chart
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* Kuwait cases chart
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* cases chart
* charts
* Myanmar
* cases chart
* summary
* Nepal
* cases chart
* Oman
* cases chart
* Pakistan
* cases chart
* Philippines
* cases chart
* areas of quarantine
* vaccinations chart
* Qatar
* Russia
* cases chart
* by federal subject
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* cases chart
* vaccinations charts
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Taiwan
* vaccination charts
* Tajikistan
* Thailand cases chart
* Turkey
* cases chart
* United Arab Emirates
* cases chart
* Uzbekistan
* cases chart
* Vietnam
* statistics charts
* Yemen

Europe|

* Albania
* Austria
* cases chart
* Belarus
* Belgium
* cases chart
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* cases chart
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* cases chart
* Faroe Islands
* Estonia cases chart
* Finland
* France
* cases chart
* Germany cases chart
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* cases chart
* Ireland
* cases chart
* Italy
* cases chart
* statistics charts
* vaccinations chart
* Kosovo
* Latvia cases chart
* Lithuania cases chart
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* cases chart
* Poland
* cases chart
* by voivodeship
* Portugal
* cases chart
* Romania
* cases chart
* Russia
* cases chart
* by federal subject
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* cases chart
* by region
* Slovenia cases chart
* Spain cases chart
* Sweden
* cases chart
* Switzerland cases chart
* Turkey
* cases chart
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* Gibraltar
* vaccinations chart
* daily
* by nation
* Vatican City

Oceania|

* Australia by state/territory
* Fiji
* French Polynesia
* New Caledonia
* New Zealand
* Papua New Guinea
* Solomon Islands

Others|

* Antarctica
* Diamond Princess

* v
* t
* e

Laureates of the Prince or Princess of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research

Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research

* 1981: Alberto Sols
* 1982: Manuel Ballester
* 1983: Luis Antonio Santaló Sors
* 1984: Antonio Garcia-Bellido
* 1985: David Vázquez Martínez and Emilio Rosenblueth
* 1986: Antonio González González
* 1987: Jacinto Convit and Pablo Rudomín
* 1988: Manuel Cardona and Marcos Moshinsky
* 1989: Guido Münch
* 1990: Santiago Grisolía and Salvador Moncada
* 1991: Francisco Bolívar Zapata
* 1992: Federico García Moliner
* 1993: Amable Liñán
* 1994: Manuel Patarroyo
* 1995: Manuel Losada Villasante and Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad of Costa Rica
* 1996: Valentín Fuster
* 1997: Atapuerca research team
* 1998: Emilio Méndez Pérez and Pedro Miguel Echenique Landiríbar
* 1999: Ricardo Miledi and Enrique Moreno González
* 2000: Robert Gallo and Luc Montagnier
* 2001: Craig Venter, John Sulston, Francis Collins, Hamilton Smith, and Jean Weissenbach
* 2002: Lawrence Roberts, Robert E. Kahn, Vinton Cerf, and Tim Berners-Lee
* 2003: Jane Goodall
* 2004: Judah Folkman, Tony Hunter, Joan Massagué, Bert Vogelstein, and Robert Weinberg
* 2005: Antonio Damasio
* 2006: Juan Ignacio Cirac
* 2007: Peter Lawrence and Ginés Morata
* 2008: Sumio Iijima, Shuji Nakamura, Robert Langer, George M. Whitesides, and Tobin Marks
* 2009: Martin Cooper and Raymond Tomlinson
* 2010: David Julius, Baruch Minke, and Linda Watkins
* 2011: Joseph Altman, Arturo Álvarez-Buylla, and Giacomo Rizzolatti
* 2012: Gregory Winter and Richard A. Lerner
* 2013: Peter Higgs, François Englert, and European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN
* 2014: Avelino Corma Canós, Mark E. Davis, and Galen D. Stucky

Princess of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research

* 2015: Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna
* 2016: Hugh Herr
* 2017: Rainer Weiss, Kip S. Thorne, Barry C. Barish, and the LIGO Scientific Collaboration
* 2018: Svante Pääbo
* 2019: Joanne Chory and Sandra Myrna Díaz
* 2020: Yves Meyer, Ingrid Daubechies, Terence Tao, and Emmanuel Candès
* 2021: Katalin Karikó, Drew Weissman, Philip Felgner, Uğur Şahin, Özlem Türeci, Derrick Rossi, and Sarah Gilbert
* 2022: Geoffrey Hinton, Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio, and Demis Hassabis
* 2023: Jeffrey I. Gordon, Everett Peter Greenberg, and Bonnie Bassler
* 2024: Daniel J. Drucker, Jeffrey M. Friedman, Joel F. Habener, Jens Juul Holst, and Svetlana Mojsov
* 2025: Mary-Claire King

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat

National|

* United States
* Israel

Academics|

* ORCID
* Scopus
* Google Scholar

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