Satellite Launch Vehicle

First launch vehicle of the Indian Space Research Organisation

This article is about the Indian launch vehicle. For the general term, see Satellite launch vehicle. For newer Indian small launch system, see Small Satellite Launch Vehicle.

Satellite Launch Vehicle

Function| Small-lift launch vehicle
Manufacturer| ISRO
Country of origin| India
Size
Height| 22 m (72 ft)
Diameter| 1 m (3.3 ft)
Mass| 17,000 kg (37,000 lb)
Capacity
Payload to LEO
Altitude| 400 km (250 mi)
Mass| 41.5 kg (91 lb)
Associated rockets
Derivative work| ASLV, PSLV
Launch history
Status| Retired
Launch sites| Satish Dhawan Space Centre
Total launches| 4
Success(es)| 2
Failure(s)| 1
Partial failure(s)| 1
First flight| 10 August 1979
Last flight| 17 April 1983
Type of passengers/cargo| Rohini
First stage
Propellant mass| 8.6 t (19,000 lb)
Powered by| 1 solid
Maximum thrust| 450 kN (100,000 lbf)
Specific impulse| 253 seconds (2.48 km/s)
Burn time| seconds
Propellant| PBAN (Polybutadiene acrylonitrile) Solid[1]
Second stage
Propellant mass| 3 tonnes
Powered by| 1 solid
Maximum thrust| 20 tonnes
Specific impulse| 267 sec
Burn time| 40 seconds
Propellant| PBAN (Polybutadine Acrylo Nitrate) Solid
Third stage
Propellant mass| 1 tonnes
Powered by| 1 solid
Maximum thrust| 6.3 tonnes
Specific impulse| 277 sec
Burn time| 45 seconds
Propellant| High energy propellant (HEF 20) Solid
Fourth stage
Propellant mass| 262 kg
Powered by| 1 solid
Maximum thrust| 2.4 tonnes
Specific impulse| 283 sec
Burn time| 33 seconds
Propellant| High energy propellant (HEF 20) Solid

[edit on Wikidata]

The Satellite Launch Vehicle or SLV was a small-lift launch vehicle project started in the early 1970s by the Indian Space Research Organisation to develop the technology needed to launch satellites. SLV was intended to reach a height of 400 kilometres (250 mi) and carry a payload of 40 kg (88 lb).[2] The first experimental flight of SLV, in August 1979, was a failure.[3] The first successful launch took place on 18 July 1980.

It was a four-stage rocket with all solid-propellant motors.[3]

The first launch of the SLV took place in Sriharikota on 10 August 1979. The fourth and final launch of the SLV took place on 17 April 1983.

It took approximately seven years to realise the vehicle from start. The solid motor case for first and second stage were fabricated from 15 CDV6 steel sheets and third and fourth stages from fibre reinforced plastic.[1] The aerodynamic characterization research was conducted at the National Aerospace Laboratories' 1.2m Trisonic Wind Tunnel Facility.[4]

## Launch history

[edit]

All four SLV launches occurred from the SLV Launch Pad at the Sriharikota High Altitude Range. The first two launches were experimental (E) and the next 2 were designated as developmental (D) as this was the first launch vehicle being developed by India not intended for a long service life.[5]

Flight No.  | Date / time (UTC)  | Rocket,
Configuration  | Launch site  | Payload  | Payload mass  | Orbit  | User  | Launch
outcome

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

E1  | 10 August 1979  | Satellite Launch Vehicle  | SLV Launch Pad | Rohini Technology Payload[6] | 35 kg  | Low Earth | ISRO | Failure
Faulty valve caused vehicle to crash into the Bay of Bengal 317 seconds after launch.[5]
E2  | 18 July 1980  | Satellite Launch Vehicle  | SLV Launch Pad | Rohini RS-1 | 35 kg  | Low Earth | ISRO | Success [5]
It was the first satellite successfully launched by the indigenous launch vehicle SLV. It provided data on the fourth stage of SLV.
D1  | 31 May 1981  | Satellite Launch Vehicle  | SLV Launch Pad | Rohini RS-D1 | 38 kg  | Low Earth | ISRO | Partial failure
Orbit too low. Decayed after 9 days[5]
D2  | 17 April 1983  | Satellite Launch Vehicle  | SLV Launch Pad | Rohini RS-D2 | 41.5 kg  | Low Earth | ISRO | Success[5]
Earth Observation satellite

## Launch statistics

[edit]

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

* Failure
* Partial failure
* Success

Decade-wise summary of SLV launches

Decade  | Successful  | Partial success  | Failure  | Total

|
|
|
|

1970s  | 0  | 0  | 1  | 1
1980s  | 2  | 1  | 0  | 3
Total  | 2  | 1  | 1  | 4

## See also

[edit]

* India portal
* Rocketry portal
* Spaceflight portal

* Comparison of orbital launchers families
* Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "First Successful Launch of SLV-3 - Silver Jubilee" (PDF). ISRO. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
2. ^ "Launch Vehicles". Department of Space, Government of India. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
3. ^ a b "SLV". isro.gov.in. Archived from the original on 29 May 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
4. ^ "Bengaluru: 1.2m trisonic wind tunnel at National Aerospace Laboratories completes 55 years of service". ANI. 6 June 2022. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
5. ^ a b c d e TS Subramanian. "Silver jubilee of the first successful SLV-3". Frontiline. Archived from the original on 8 February 2018. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
6. ^ "Rohini Technology Payload". Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 28 December 2014.

* https://web.archive.org/web/20071009040815/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/SPACE/space-launchers-slv.html

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Retired|

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Classes|

* Sounding rocket
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* Medium-lift launch vehicle
* Heavy-lift launch vehicle
* Super heavy-lift launch vehicle

* This template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future
* Symbol † indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)

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Indian space programme

* Department of Space (DoS)

Organisations|

* Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
* Antrix Corporation
* Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST)
* Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS)
* National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL)
* NewSpace India Limited (NSIL)
* Physical Research Laboratory (PRL)
* Development and Educational Communication Unit (DECU)
* Integrated Space Cell
* Defence Space Agency
* Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN–SPACe)

Programmes|

* Bhaskara
* GAGAN
* GSAT
* INSAT
* IRNSS
* IRS
* Cartosat
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* Rohini
* SROSS
* Chandrayaan
* Human Spaceflight Programme

Satellites|

* APPLE
* Aryabhata
* HAMSAT
* IMS-1
* Megha-Tropiques
* NISAR
* SARAL
* South Asia Satellite
* Kalpana-1

Space observatories|

* Astrosat
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Lunar and
planetary spacecraft|

* Chandrayaan-1
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* Vikram lander
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* Chandrayaan-4 (upcoming)
* Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (proposed)
* Mars Orbiter Mission
* Mars Orbiter Mission 2 (proposed)
* Venus Orbiter Mission (proposed)

Human spaceflight|

* Indian human spaceflight programme
* SRE-1
* SRE-II
* Gaganyaan
* CARE
* ISRO Space Station (proposed)

Launch vehicles|

| Active|

* Orbital
* PSLV
* Launches
* GSLV
* Launches
* LVM3
* SSLV
* Launches

* Suborbital
* Rohini
* ATV

|

In development|

* RLV Technology Demonstration Programme
* NGLV

Retired|

* SLV
* ASLV

Engines|

| Active|

* CE-7.5
* CE-20
* Vikas

|

In development|

* SCE-200

Spaceports|

* Satish Dhawan Space Centre
* Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station

* under development
* Kulasekharapatnam Spaceport

Research facilities|

* Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
* U R Rao Satellite Centre
* Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre
* ISRO Propulsion Complex
* Space Applications Centre
* ISRO Inertial Systems Unit
* Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems
* Human Space Flight Centre
* Development and Educational Communication Unit

Communications|

* Indian Deep Space Network
* Indian Space Science Data Centre
* ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network
* Master Control Facility
* National Remote Sensing Centre

Legislation and policy|

* Space Activities Bill

Private companies|

* Pixxel
* Skyroot Aerospace
* Satellize
* AgniKul Cosmos
* Dhruva Space
* Bellatrix Aerospace
* TeamIndus

Related|

* National Space Day
* SAGA-220 (supercomputer)
* Statio Shiv Shakti
* RESPOND

* List of Indian satellites
* List of Satish Dhawan Space Centre launches
* List of ISRO missions
* List of ISRO chairpersons

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