School-leaving age

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The school leaving age is the minimum age a person is legally allowed to cease attendance at an institute of compulsory secondary education. Most countries have their school leaving age set the same as their minimum full-time employment age, thus allowing smooth transition from education into employment, whilst a few have it set just below the age at which a person is allowed to be employed.

In contrast, there are numerous countries that have several years between their school leaving age and their legal minimum employment age, thus in some cases preventing any such transition for several years. Countries which have their employment age set below the school leaving age (mostly developing countries) risk giving children the opportunity to leave their education early to earn money for themselves or their families.

## Leaving age by country[edit]

Some countries have different leaving or employment ages, but in certain countries like China and Japan, the average age at which people graduate is 15, depending upon part-time or full-time learning or employment. The table below states the school-leaving ages in countries across the world and their respective minimum employment age, showing a comparison of how many countries have synchronized these ages. All information is taken from the Right to Education Project's table unless otherwise indicated.[1]

Color legend | Ages legend

|

Ages unsynchronised: School leaving age higher

| (13) denotes part-time employment available from 13

Ages unsynchronised: Employment age higher

| ? denotes the age set is unknown

Ages synchronised: Mixed

Ages synchronised

No information / No age set / Age varies by jurisdiction

### Africa[edit]

Age gap  | Country  | De jure | Year  | Notes

|
|
|
|

School leaving age  | Employment age
0 | Algeria |

| 2011 |
2 | Angola |

| 2010 |
| Benin |

| 2005 |
| Botswana |

| 2004 |
-1 | Burkina Faso |

| 2009 | .
4 | Burundi |

| 2010 |
0 | Cameroon |

| 2001 |
-2 | Cape Verde |

| 2001 |
| Chad |

| 2007 |
| Comoros |

| 1998 |
0 | Congo |

| 2006 |
0 | Egypt |

| 2010 |
1 | Eritrea |

| 2007 |
| Ethiopia |

| 2005 |
0 | Gabon |

| 2001 |
| Gambia |

| 2000 |
-3 | Ghana |

| 2005 |
0 | Guinea |

| 2012 |
| Kenya |

13?

| 2006 |
0 | Libya |

| 2002 |
4 | Madagascar |

| 2010 |
| Malawi |

| 2008 |
| Mozambique |

| 2009 |
| Morocco |

16?

| 2003 |
-2 | Namibia |

| 2011 |
-2 | Niger |

| 2008 |
-3 | Nigeria |

| 2020 |
0 | Rwanda |

| 2012 |
-1 | Senegal |

| 2006 |
0 | Seychelles |

| 2011 |
| Sierra Leone |

15?

| 2006 |
-2 | Somalia |

| 2018 |
0 | South Africa |

| 2011 | A child between the ages of 15 and 18 may only be employed if they have completed grade 9.[2]
| Sudan |

| 2010 | Includes South Sudan
| Tanzania |

13?

| 2005 |
-1 | Togo |

| 2010 |
0 | Tunisia |

| 2008 |
| Uganda |

| 2004 |
| Zambia |

| 2002 |
| Zimbabwe |

| 1995 |

### Americas[edit]

Age gap  | Country  | De jure | Year  | Notes

|
|
|
|

School leaving age  | Employment age
| Argentina |

16[3]

| 2008 |
| Barbados |

16?

| 1997 |
0 | Belize |

| 2004 |
-2 | Bolivia |

| 2009 |
-3 | Brazil |

| 2006 | Schooling is mandatory for children 6–18 (years 1–12 in the new Brazilian school system). After that, there is no legal obligation to stay in school. Students who want to qualify for university admission must however complete three additional years (years 10–12) of secondary school (ensino médio), thus normally leaving school at age 18, if the birthday date is between 1 May and 31 December. The minimum age for legal work is 18; at 15, one is allowed to have an apprenticeship contract. If the student's birthday date is between 1 January and 30 April, the age is 17, while if the student's birthday date is between 1 May and 31 December, then the age is 18, and occurs in the last day of 12th grade (early-mid December).
| Canada |

16 or 18, varies by jurisdiction

| 12–18, varies by jurisdiction and industry[4] |

2014

| The school leaving age is 16 in all Canadian provinces and territories except the provinces of Manitoba, New Brunswick, and Ontario, where the school leaving age is 18.[5][6][7] In Ontario, if a 17-year-old student's birth date falls between end of the school year to 31 December, they may withdraw from the school at the end of that current school year.
-3 | Chile |

| 2005 | Students finish their secondary education (Educación Media in Spanish) at age 18, and working is legal only if the underaged employee (age 17 or younger) is authorised by legal guardian or parents,
-1 | Colombia |

| 2005 |
-1 | Costa Rica |

17 or 18

| 2010 |
0 | Cuba |

| 2010 |
-4 | Dominica |

| 2004? |
0 | Dominican Republic |

| 2007? |
0 | Grenada |

| 2009 |
0 | Guyana |

| 2003 |
| Haiti |

| 2002 |
-2 | Jamaica |

| 2003 |
0 | Mexico |

| 2014 |
0 | Paraguay |

| 2009 | Since the initiation of the Education Reform in 1993, basic education is for a period of nine years to the age of 15. According to the Constitution, compulsory education ends at 12.
2 | Peru |

| 2009 | Employers are obliged to report regularly on the performance and attendance of students who they employ to help ensuring their education does suffer because of their employment.
0 | Saint Kitts and Nevis |

| 1997 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |

14?

| 2001 |
| Suriname |

10?

| 2005 |
0 | Trinidad and Tobago |

| 2004 |
0 | United States |

| 2010 | The school leaving age varies from state to state with most having a leaving age of 18, but a handful having a leaving age of above that number.[8] Students who complete a certain level of secondary education ("high school") may take a standardized test and be graduated from compulsory education, the General Equivalency Degree. Gifted and talented students are also generally permitted by several states to accelerate their education so as to obtain a diploma prior to attaining the leaving age. Young people may seek employment at 14 in many states.
*Varies by State or Territory
1 | Uruguay |

| 2006 |
0 | Venezuela |

| 2007 |

### Asia[edit]

Age gap  | Country  | De jure | Year  | Notes

|
|
|
|

School leaving age  | Employment age
2 | Afghanistan |

| 2010 |
| Armenia |

| 2011 |
| Azerbaijan |

| 2005 |
-1 | Bahrain |

| 2010 |
4 | Bangladesh |

| 2008 |
-3 | Brunei |

| 2003 | Compulsory education in Brunei from primary education to secondary education. Tertiary education is encouraged.
| Myanmar |

| 2011 | De facto none
| Cambodia |

| 2010 |
1 | People's Republic of China |

| 2012 | Compulsory education lasts 9 years. School-leaving age is calculated under the assumption that pupils will enroll in school at age 6 and graduate high school at age 18.
2 | Georgia |

| 2007 |
0 | India |

| 2003 | The Government is making a law of compulsory education up to 14 years. Any person who wishes to continue their education can continue to work.
0 | Hong Kong, China |

| 2019 | Children aged under 15 are prohibited from working in all industrial undertakings.

Children aged 13 and 14 may be employed in non-industrial establishments, subject to the condition that they attend full-time schooling if they have not yet completed Form III of secondary education and to other conditions which aim at protecting their safety, health and welfare.[9]

-2 | Indonesia |

| 2018 | The school leaving age varies among provinces with most having a leaving age of 15, but a handful having a leaving age of 18. Children aged under 15 are prohibited from working in all industrial undertakings.
0 | Iran |

| 2015 | Compulsory education lasts 9 years, including primary and lower secondary education. School-leaving age is calculated under the assumption that pupils will enroll in primary education at age 6 and graduate lower secondary education at age 15.[10][11][12][13]
| Iraq |

| 1996 |
-4 | Israel |

| 2011? | The age of employment has been lowered, the school leaving age raised.
0 | Japan |

| 2009 | The vast majority (>90%) of Japanese students complete senior secondary education due to social pressures, despite the leaving age.
0 | Jordan |

| 2006 |
1 | Lebanon |

| 2005 |
-3 | Mongolia |

| 2009 |
| Nepal |

| 2004 |
0 | North Korea |

| 2008 |
0 | South Korea |

| 2011 | The vast majority of Korean students complete senior secondary education due to social pressures as well as self-satisfaction, despite the leaving age. Government assistance is available to families.
-1 | Kuwait |

| 2012 |
-3 | Malaysia |

| 2006? | Primary school is compulsory, followed by a secondary school. 17 is the school leaving age; one may leave only after the release of Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia results for admission to tertiary education. 14 is the minimum employment age. Under-aged people are not allowed to be employed or they risk fines by the Ministry of Human Resources.
| Maldives |

| 2006 |
4 | Pakistan |

| 2009? | Although the minimum age for leaving school is 10 years or primary, which means a 7-year education, the minimum age of employment is considered to be 14. The 14 years old can do only light work and not hazardous employment.
-3 | Philippines |

| 2015 | The implementation of the K-12 program (see Education in the Philippines) also signaled the rise of the school leaving age to 18.
0 | Saudi Arabia |

| 2010? | A student may leave school after the age of 15 if permission of their father is given. Otherwise, the student must complete school until the age of 18. The employment age in a part-time job or during school holidays is 15.
-1 | Singapore |

| 2010? | Primary school is compulsory, followed by the secondary school. 16 is the school leaving age; one may leave only after the release of Singaporean GCE 'O' Level results for admission to polytechnics, junior colleges, Institute of Technical Education, or work. 15 is the minimum employment age. Under-aged people are not allowed to be employed or they risk fines by the Ministry of Manpower.
0 | Sri Lanka |

| 2014 | For further information http://www.moe.gov.lk/sinhala/images/publications/Education_First_SL/Education_First_SL.pdf
0 | Syria |

| 2010 |
0 | Taiwan |

| 2010 | Compulsory education is up to Grade 9.Grades 10-12(senior high) is considered a form of basic education, but is not mandatory.
-2 | Tajikistan |

| 2009 |
0 | Thailand |

| 2011 | Students must complete secondary education up to Matthayom 3 and then have the choice of proceeding to upper secondary, vocational schools or dropping out, however, due to social pressures most students finish their secondary education and proceed to Matthayom 6, matriculation or other forms of pre-university education.
| Turkey |

14-16?

16?

| ???? |
3 | United Arab Emirates |

| 2001 |
-2 | Uzbekistan |

| 2012 |
-3 | Vietnam |

| 2011? | Junior high schools are now compulsory, but in some mountainous regions, many children leave schools earlier to help their parents. The government is trying to reduce that happening. Children must be at least 15 to be legally employed.
-1 | Yemen |

| 2004 | Basic education lasts 9 years and is compulsory for ages 6–15. School-leaving age is calculated under the assumption that pupils will enroll in basic education at age 6 and graduate at age 15.[14]

### Europe[edit]

Age gap  | Country  | De jure | Year  | Notes

|
|
|
|

School leaving age  | Employment age
0 | Andorra |

| 2001 |
0 | Austria |

| 2011 |
-2 | Belarus |

| 2010 |
-2 | Belgium |

| 2021 | Full-time education is compulsory from the age of 5 until the age of 16. After the age of 16 students can follow part-time or full-time education. At this age students can start working in their spare time, with specific labour laws in place. It is important to note that Belgium has three distinct schooling systems one for the Flemish Community, one for the German Community and one for the French Community.
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |

| 2011 |
0 | Bulgaria |

| 2007 |
0 | Croatia |

| 2003 |
0 | Cyprus |

| 2011 |
-1 | Czech Republic |

| 2012 |
-3 | Denmark |

| 2010 |
0 | Estonia |

| 2002 |
-1 | Finland |

| 2010 | Citizens must complete comprehensive school. The age of finishing it varies depending on the age of starting school (mostly 7) and years held back. Most graduate from comprehensive school at the age of 16. Pupils who have not finished comprehensive school by the age of 17 (which is marginal) may quit school. Post-secondary (tertiary) education is voluntary.
0 | France |

| 2010 | The statutory minimum school leaving age is 16. There are, however, a few specific cases where young people may enter employment before the age of 16, such as employment in the parents' company, sporadic work, or young people who have left school early taking up an apprenticeship at 15, to name a few.[15]
-3 | Germany |

(15)

| 2003 | The statutory minimum school leaving age is essentially set at 18.[16] The federal Jugendarbeitsschutzgesetz (Youth Employment Protection Act) regulates the minimum employment age, which is set at 15.[17] However, from the person's 15th to their 18th birthday, they are obliged by state law to pursue at least part-time vocational secondary education, usually within the German dual education system. Some germans students leaving school at 17 and 6 months
0 | Greece |

| 2011 |
0 | Hungary |

| 2019 | A student aged 15 can work during school holidays, with parental permission. Between 16 and 18 a minor can work during the school year too, but only with parental permission. Minors can not work more than 40 hours a week, and they can work only between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m., with no night shifts.[18]
0 | Iceland |

| 2010 |
-2 | Ireland |

(14)

| 2000 | The statutory minimum age is 16, except for those who have completed less than three years of secondary education, for whom it is 18.[19][20] The minimum working ages are: 14 during school holidays; 15 during term time; 16 for working up to 40 hours per week and 8 hours per day; 18 for working with no age-based restrictions.[19][21] Employees under 18 must be registered.[21] Exemptions may be specified by the Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment; this has been done for close relatives.[21][22]
-2-0 | Italy |

16-18

| 2010 | Full-time education is compulsory from the age of 6 to 16. From the person's 16th to their 18th birthday, they can either choose to continue full-time school or start an apprenticeship while still going to school for at least one week a month.
0 | Latvia |

| 2005 |
0 | Liechtenstein |

| 2005 |
0 | Lithuania |

| 2011 |
0 | Luxembourg |

| 1997 |
-3 | Republic of Macedonia |

| 2009? | Compulsory secondary education starts the year 2008 (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia No. 49 from 18 April 2007).
0 | Malta |

| 2012 | Although the compulsory education ends at 16, an increasing number of children opt to further their studies while taking up part-time employment.
-1 | Moldova |

| 2008 |
0 | Monaco |

| 2012 |
0 | Montenegro |

| 2010 |
-5 | Netherlands |

| 2014 | Education is compulsory from the age of 5 to 18. Secondary education is divided into several levels, with VMBO students typically graduating at age 16, HAVO students at 17, and VWO students at 18. After obtaining a HAVo or VWO diploma, the student is no longer obligated to go to school regardless of their age. Students who have done VMBO must have an MBO level 2 or higher diploma before quitting school. Also, all children between those ages, even if they are refugees or new, have to attend school.

Not attending school without proper reason, such as sickness or a doctor's visit, is illegal and punishable by law. Children can be punished by law for failure to attend school starting at age 12. Punishments can be done as a fine, temporary jail time, or a community service job done under supervision. Fines can be up to €3,900.00. These punishments can be given to the student and/or their legal parent or guardian.

-3 | Netherlands Antilles |

| 2010? |
-1 | Norway |

| 2009 |
-3-1 | Poland |

14-18*

| 2002 | After graduating from an 8-year primary school (usually at the age of 14 or 15) one can leave school but is legally required to continue education up to the age of 18. However, this requirement can be satisfied through vocational training, without attending a school. This can be done as a part of employment, so technically the person leaves a school and works full-time.
-2 | Portugal |

| 2009 |
-1 | Romania |

| 2008 |
0 | Russia |

| 2004 |
0 | San Marino |

| 2003 |
1 | Serbia |

| 2007 |
-2 | Slovakia |

(14)

| 2006? | From 14 to 17, only part-time jobs allowed.
Student can leave school after 10 years of school attendance (usually 16 years) or when first school year after his/her 16th birthday is finished (whatever comes first). Most students continue until maturita exam in last year of high school (student is usually 19 at that time).
0 | Slovenia |

| 2012 |
0 | Spain |

| 1997 |
0 | Sweden |

| 2004 |
0 | Switzerland |

| 2001 |
-1 | Ukraine |

| 2010 |

United Kingdom

-1 | England |

| 2015[23] | The full legal working age in England corresponds with the end of formal education, which is mandatory from the first September after a child turns 5, to the last Friday of June in Year 11 (when an individual is aged either 15-16).

Full-time employment is illegal before this point, although part-time employment may be undertaken from 14 and in certain cases, for example delivering newspapers, at 13.

The Education and Skills Act 2008 (which began being implemented in England in 2013) maintains the school-leaving age in England at 16, but requires that individuals above the school-leaving age (whom are aged between 16-18) either be working full-time or enrolled in a higher education institution (with higher education options open to those aged 16 and above including further education colleges or sixth forms, universities from the age of 17).

This provision (as stipulated) applies solely to England and there is no legal requirement for an individual to be either working or remain enrolled in educational facility, above the age of 16, in any other UK nation.

-1 | Northern Ireland |

(15)

| 2014[24] |
-3 | Scotland |

(13)

| 2013[25] | Compulsory education usually ends after the age of 16 which is generally after fourth year, though this is halfway through fifth year for some. However, many students stay on to fifth and/or sixth year, where qualifications are gained for entry to university. Restrictions apply to working hours of those aged 13 to 16 (i.e. maximum hours, work permits, type of work) to ensure that employment fits around requirements of full-time education.
-2 | Wales |

(14)

| 2013[26] | Full-time work starts at 16.

### Oceania[edit]

Age gap  | Country  | De jure | Year  | Notes

|
|
|
|

School leaving age  | Employment age
| Australia |

15 or 17

11 for supervised work, 13 for easy work, 15 for most jobs

| 2011 |

The minimum ages from 2009 will be the following:
Northern Territory – 15;
ACT – 15;
South Australia – 17;
Queensland – 17;
Students must remain in school until they turn 16 years of age or complete Year 10, whichever comes first. From there they must be "learning or earning" which means they must be employed at least 25 hours a week, or be in full-time education or be in a combination of both part-time employment and part-time education which adds up to at least 25 hours a week until they turn 17 or complete Year 12 or equivalent, which ever comes first.
Victoria – 17;
Western Australia – 15;
NSW – 17 (if they want to not do their HSC they need to be working at least 25 hours per week or at TAFE studying until they turn 17);
Tasmania – 17.

| Fiji |

| 1996 |
4 | Marshall Islands |

| 2005 |
| Federated States of Micronesia |

| 1996 |
0 | New Zealand |

| 2010 | Those at least 15 may leave school with permission from the Ministry of Education.
| Papua New Guinea |

| 2003 |
| Palau |

| 2000 |
| Solomon Islands |

| 2002 |

## School retention by country[edit]

Country  | 2009
OECD[27] | 1986
Michael Hill[28]

|
|

%-age in
full-time
education
(aged 15–19)  | %-age in
full-time
education
(aged 17)  | Minimum
leaving
age
required
Australia | 78 | 50 | 15
Austria | 84 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Belgium | 91 | 86 | 16
Brazil | 70 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Canada | 80 | 79 | 15/16
Czech Republic | 93 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Denmark | 89 | 75 | 16/17
Estonia | 89 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Finland | 90 | 91 | 17
France | 90 | 80 | 16
Germany | 93 | 100 | 16
Greece | 88 | 55 | 14.5
Hungary | 93 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Iceland | 88 | 41 | 15
Republic of Ireland | 83 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Israel | 69 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Italy | 84 | 46 | 14
Japan |  | 91 | 15
Luxembourg | 95 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Mexico | 61 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Netherlands | 90 | 87 | 16
New Zealand | 73 | 54 | 15
Norway | 81 | 76 | 16
OECD average  | 84 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Poland | 94 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Portugal | 85 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Slovakia | 91 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Slovenia | 94 | N⁄A | N⁄A
Spain | 80 | 53 | 14
Sweden | 88 | 86 | 16
Switzerland | 85 | 83 | 15/16
Turkey | 56 | N⁄A | N⁄A
United Kingdom | 78 | 49 | 16
United States | 85 | 89 | 17

## See also[edit]

* Compulsory education
* Education Index
* Legal working age
* Raising of school leaving age

## Notes[edit]

1. ^ "Country Table - At What Age?...are school-children employed, married and taken to court". The Right to Education Project. Retrieved 2014-01-02.
2. ^ Mahery, Prinslean; Proudlock, Paula (April 2011). "Legal guide to age thresholds for children and young people" (5 ed.). Children's Institute, University of Cape Town. p. 12\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2011.
3. ^ https://www.mpd.gov.ar/index.php/marco-normativo/365-normativa-nacional/leyes/3244-ley-n-26-390-de-prohibicion-del-trabajo-infantil-y-proteccion-del-trabajo-adolescente
4. ^ "Minimum Age Laws in Canada | Canadian Labour Congress". Archived from the original on 2014-02-15. Retrieved 2014-02-12.
5. ^ "Going to School in Manitoba | Manitoba Education and Training". www.edu.gov.mb.ca. Retrieved 2019-02-01.
6. ^ "Law Document English View". Ontario.ca. 2014-07-24. Retrieved 2019-02-01.
7. ^ Government of New Brunswick, Canada (2010-05-18). "New Brunswick Education". www2.gnb.ca. Retrieved 2019-02-01.
8. ^ Mikulecky, Marga (April 2013). "Compulsory School Age Requirements" (PDF). Education Commission of the States. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
9. ^ "Labour Legislation". Labour Department. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
10. ^ "Education in Iran". WENR. 7 February 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
11. ^ "Iran (Islamic Republic of)". UNESCO UIS. 27 November 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
12. ^ "Iran, Islamic Rep. of". TIMSS 2015 Encyclopedia. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
13. ^ "Education System". Education Iran. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
14. ^ "Yemen, Republic of". AACRAO EDGE. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
15. ^ Contribution to EIRO thematic feature on Youth and work – case of France Archived 2012-08-02 at archive.today
16. ^ "School: leaving it too early" - by Andrew Leigh Archived 2014-01-03 at the Wayback Machine
17. ^ Text of the German Youth Employment Protection Act in German, provided by the German Federal Ministry of Justice.
18. ^ Diákmunkát vállalnál? Idén még többet kereshetsz vele April 18, 2019,
19. ^ a b "Children and rights in Ireland". Citizens Information. Ireland: Citizens Information Board. 3 April 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
20. ^ "School attendance". Citizens Information. Ireland: Citizens Information Board. 2 January 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2014. "Education (Welfare) Act, 2000". Irish Statute Book. §§2, 17. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
21. ^ a b c "Hours of work for young people". Citizens Information. Ireland: Citizens Information Board. Retrieved 6 January 2014. "Protection of Young Persons (Employment) Act, 1996". Irish Statute Book. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
22. ^ "S.I. No. 2/1997 - Protection of Young Persons (Employment of Close Relatives) Regulations, 1997". Irish Statute Book. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
23. ^ "School leaving age - GOV.UK". GOV.UK. Government Digital Service. 2014-01-09. Retrieved 2014-04-02.
24. ^ "School leaving age - GOV.UK". GOV.UK. Government Digital Service. 2014-01-09. Retrieved 2014-04-02.
25. ^ "School leaving age - GOV.UK". GOV.UK. Government Digital Service. 2014-01-09. Retrieved 2014-04-02.
26. ^ "School leaving age - GOV.UK". GOV.UK. Government Digital Service. 2014-01-09. Retrieved 2014-04-02.
27. ^ Skills beyond school. p. 343. OECD. 2011
28. ^ Percentage in full-time education at 17 related to termination ages for compulsory education in various countries (1986) Social Policy: A comparative analysis by Michael Hill

## External links[edit]

* Right to Education Initiative

* v
* t
* e

Lists of countries by laws and law enforcement rankings

Age of|

* Candidacy for political office
* Consent
* Criminal responsibility
* Drinking
* Driving
* Majority
* Marriage
* in the US
* Retirement
* Mandatory retirement
* School-leaving
* in the US
* Voting
* Suffrage
* Youth suffrage
* Working

Drugs and
alcohol|

* Drug and precursor laws by country or territory
* Alcohol
* Alcohol consumption
* Bath salts
* Legal status of Mephedrone
* Legal status of Methylone
* Legal status of MPDV
* Cocaine use
* Legality
* Methamphetamine
* Legality
* Opiate use
* Psychedelics
* Amanita mushroom
* Legality
* Ayahuasca
* Legality
* Cannabis
* Legality
* Annual use
* Lifetime use
* Ibogaine
* Legality
* LSD
* Legality
* Psilocybin mushroom
* Legality
* Salvia divinorum
* Legality

Death|

* Legality of euthanasia
* Law enforcement killings
* Legality of suicide
* Legality of assisted suicide

Guns|

* Deaths
* Households
* Laws
* Ownership

Punishment|

* Death penalty
* Incarceration
* Life imprisonment

Policing|

*     * Prisoner abuse
* Size of police forces

Obscenity|

* Incest
* Laws
* Pornography
* Child pornography
* Fictional pornography depicting minors
* Simulated child pornography
* Internet pornography
* Prostitution
* Sex trafficking
* Sexual assault
* Child sexual abuse
* Rape
* Sodomy law

Reproduction|

* Abortion law
* Minors and abortion
* Adoption law
* International adoption
* Human cloning
* Sterilization
* Surrogacy

Censorship|

* Censorship by country
* Book censorship
* by country
* Cartographic censorship
* Film censorship
* by country
* Internet censorship
* by country
* Political censorship
* Video gaming censorship
* by country

Human rights|

* Children's rights
* Children in the military
* Intersex rights
* Same-sex marriage
* Human trafficking

Freedom of movement|

* By country
* In the air
* Abode

Property and
environment|

* Air
* Estate
* Land
* Minerals
* Mining
* Mortgage
* Water
* Riparian water

Business|

* Competition
* Mergers and acquisitions
* Monopoly
* Corporate
* Corporate liability
* Legality of cryptocurrency

Violence|

* Corporal punishment
* At home
* At school
* In court
* LGBT rights
* Police brutality
* Smoking
* Alcohol law
* Murder
* Slavery

International
ownership|

* International waters
* Admiralty law
* UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
* Antarctic Treaty System
* World Intellectual Property Organization
* World Intellectual Property Indicators
* Foreign ownership
* International copyright treaties

Other|

* Animal rights
* Immigration law
* National legal systems
* Religious law
* Separation of church and state
* Sharia
* World Justice Project

* List of international rankings
* Lists by country

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