Secretary to the Government of India

Indian government official

Union Secretary

State Emblem of India

Flag of India

Government of India
Member of| Committee of Secretaries on Administration
Reports to|

* Parliament of India
* President of India
* Union Council of Ministers
* Prime Minister of India

Seat|

* Union Ministries of India, New Delhi

Appointer| Appointments Committee of the Cabinet
Term length| No term length[dead link][1][2]
Term extendable
Formation| 1930; 95 years ago (1930)
Succession| 23rd (on the Indian order of precedence.)
Salary| ₹225,000 (US$2,700) monthly[3][4]
This article is part of a series on the

Politics of India

Constitution

* Amendment
* Basic structure doctrine
* Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and
Fundamental Duties of India
* Human rights
* Judicial review
* Taxation
* Uniform Civil Code

Government

* President of India

* Droupadi Murmu (15th)

* * *

* Vice President of India

* Jagdeep Dhankhar (14th)

* * *

* Prime Minister of India

* Narendra Modi (14th)

* * *

* Cabinet secretary

* T. V. Somanathan

* * *

* Ministries
* Ministers
* Departments
* Secretaries

Parliament

Lok Sabha (18th)

* Speaker

* Om Birla

* * *

* Deputy Speaker

* Vacant

* * *

* Leader of the House

* Narendra Modi (BJP)

* * *

* Leader of the Opposition

* Rahul Gandhi (INC)

* * *

* Secretary General

* Utpal Kumar Singh

Rajya Sabha (Members)

* Chairman

* Jagdeep Dhankhar

* * *

* Deputy Speaker

* Harivansh Narayan Singh

* * *

* Leader of the House

* Jagat Prakash Nadda (BJP)

* * *

* Leader of the Opposition

* Mallikarjun Kharge (INC)

* * *

* Secretary General

* Pramod Chandra Mody

Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs

* Cabinet Minister

* Kiren Rijiju

* * *

* Minister of State

* Arjun Ram Meghwal
* L. Murugan

Law and judiciary

Law of India

* Indian criminal law

* Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
* Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
* Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam

* * *

* Code of Civil Procedure

Supreme Court of India

* Chief Justice (51st)

* Sanjiv Khanna

* * *

* Judges
* Bar Association

* * *

* Bar Council
* District Court
* List
* Gram Nyayalaya
* High Court
* Chief Justices
* Judges
* Lok Adalat
* Nyaya Panchayat
* Pendency of court cases
* Other tribunals

Ministry of Law and Justice

* Minister

* Arjun Ram Meghwal

* * *

* Attorney-General

* R. Venkataramani

* * *

* Solicitor General

* Tushar Mehta

* * *

* Additional Solicitor General

* * *

* Law Commission
* National Judicial Appointments Commission
* National Legal Services Authority

Elections and politics

Election Commission

* Chief Election Commissioner

* Gyanesh Kumar

* * *

* Election Commissioner

* Sukhbir Singh Sandhu
* Vivek Joshi

* * *

* State Election Commission

Elections

* Democracy
* Electoral College
* Electronic voting

* * *

* Presidential elections

* 2022
* 2017
* 2012

* * *

* Vice Presidential elections

* 2022
* 2017
* 2012

* * *

* Lok Sabha elections (Constituencies)

* 2014
* 2019
* 2024

* * *

* Rajya Sabha elections

* 2024
* 2023
* 2022

* * *

* State Assembly elections

* 2019
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* 2024

* * *

* National coalitions
* NDA
* INDIA
* Political parties
* National parties
* State parties

Administrative divisions

States and union territories (Capitals)

* States

* Andhra Pradesh
* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Bihar
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Haryana
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jharkhand
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Nagaland
* Odisha
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Sikkim
* Tamil Nadu
* Telangana
* Tripura
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

* * *

* Union territories

* Andaman and Nicobar
* Chandigarh
* Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
* Delhi
* Jammu and Kashmir
* Ladakh
* Lakshadweep
* Puducherry

* * *

* Proposed states and union territories

* * *

* Autonomous Divisions
* Divisions
* Districts
* Sub-districts
* Community Development Block
* Metropolitan Areas
* Urban Agglomerations

Federalism

Executive

* Governor
* List
* Lieutenant Governor/Administrator
* List
* Chief Minister
* List
* Deputy Chief Minister
* List
* Ministries

Legislative

* Legislative Council
* Legislative Assembly
* Speaker
* List
* Official Opposition
* List

Local Government

* Municipal Governance

* Municipal Corporation
* Municipality
* Town Panchayat

* * *

* Panchayati Raj

* District Panchayat
* Block Panchayat
* Gram Panchayat

Foreign relations

Ministry of External Affairs

* Cabinet Minister

* S. Jaishankar

* * *

* Minister of State

* Kirti Vardhan Singh
* Pabitra Margherita

* * *

* Foreign Secretary

* Vinay Mohan Kwatra

* * *

* Diplomatic missions of / in India
* Ambassadors and High Commissioners of India / to India

* * *

* Nationality law
* Overseas Citizenship
* Passports
* Visa policy
* Visa requirements

Foreign Relations

* 2+2
* BIMSTEC
* BBIN
* BRICS
* Commonwealth
* G4
* G20
* IBSA
* IONS
* IORA
* MGC
* Non-Aligned Movement
* SAARC
* SCO
* United Nations
* QUAD

* * *

* Africa
* East Asia
* European Union
* Latin America
* Pacific Islands

* * *

* Diaspora
* History
* Extradition Treaties
* Foreign aid by India / to India
* Sanctions
* State Visits by Indian Prime Ministers
* State Visits to India

* * *

* Kashmir Conflict
* Indo-Pakistani Wars
* Sino-Indian Disputes
* Disputes with Nepal

Foreign Policy

* ITEC
* Look East policy
* Pan-African e-Network project
* Indira Gandhi
* Narendra Modi

India portal

* Other countries

* v
* t
* e

Secretary to the Government of India, often abbreviated as Secretary, GoI, or simply as Secretary, is a post and a rank under the Central Staffing Scheme of the Government of India.[5] The authority for the creation of this post solely rests with the Union Council of Ministers.[6]

The position holder is generally a career civil servant, usually from the Indian Administrative Service,[7][8][9] and a government official of high seniority. The civil servants who hold this rank and post are either from All India Services or Central Civil Services. All promotions and appointments to this rank and post are directly made by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet.

In the functioning of the Government of India,[10][11][12] a secretary is the administrative head of a ministry or department,[13][14] and is equivalent to chief secretaries of state governments and Vice Chief of the Army Staff, General Officers Commanding in Chief of Army Commands, and their equivalents in the Indian Armed Forces,[15] In the Department of Military Affairs, the Chief of Defence Staff is currently designated as Secretary (GoI), similarly in the National Security Council Secretariat, the National Security Advisor is currently designated as Secretary (GoI).[16]

Secretaries (GOI) rank 23rd on Order of Precedence of India.[17][18]

## History

[edit]

C. H. Bhabha with a Secretary and a few Joint Secretaries to the Government of India in 1947.

In mid-1930s, the Central Secretariat contained only twenty-nine secretaries,[19] who were all members of the Indian Civil Service. The salary for a member of this rank and post was fixed at ₹48,000 (equivalent to ₹12 million or US$140,000 in 2023) annum in the 1930s.[19] As per warrant or precedence of 1905,[20] secretaries to the Government of India was listed together with joint secretaries to the Government of India and were ranked above the rank of chief secretaries of provincial governments.[20]

N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar had once suggested "[a] secretary should not be immersed in files and burdened with routine. It is essential that he should have time to grasp the overall picture, size up the problems facing the government in the field allotted to his charge, and think and plan ahead. All these are his proper functions and must be efficiently performed. Failure to make adequate provision in this respect cannot be compensated by a mere increase in the establishment under his control."[21]

The Administrative Reforms Commission visualised the role of secretary, primarily as one of a "coordinator, policy guide, reviewer, and evaluator."[21]

## Tenure and Appointment

[edit]

A member of All India Services is appointed to this rank and post only on tenure. This tenure is a deputation to the Central Government and does not carry a fixed term. They serve at the pleasure and will of the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet.

A member of Central Civil Services is appointed to this rank and post as per vacancy in their own service cadre and are empanelled.

## Powers, responsibilities and postings

[edit]

The organizational structure of a department of the Government of India.

A secretary to the Government of India is the administrative head of a ministry or department and is the principal adviser to the minister-in charge on all matters of policy and administration within the ministry or department.[14]

The role of a secretary is as follows:

* To act as the administrative head of the ministry or department. The responsibility in this regard is complete and undivided.[13]
* To act as the chief adviser to the minister on all aspects of policy and administrative affairs.[13]
* To represent the ministry or department before the Public Accounts Committee of the Parliament of India.[13]

The prime minister-led Appointments Committee of the Cabinet is the final authority on posting and transfer of officers of secretary level.[22] Secretaries report to their ministerial cabinet minister and to the prime minister.[citation needed]

## Position

[edit]

In the Indian government, secretaries are the head of the ministries of the government and hold positions such as Finance Secretary, Defence Secretary, Foreign Secretary, Home Secretary, Chairperson of the Railway Board and members of the Railway Board and Telecom Commission.

According to the report of the Seventh Central Pay Commission of India, seventy-one out of ninety-one secretaries to the Government of India are from the Indian Administrative Service.[3]

## Emolument, accommodation and prequisites

[edit]

An Indian diplomatic passport and an official generally issued to Secretaries to the Government of India.

All secretaries to the Government of India are eligible for a Diplomatic passport or Official passport. Secretaries are allotted either type-VII or type-VIII bungalows in areas like New Moti Bagh and Lutyens' across Delhi by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs' Directorate of Estates.[23][24][25]

The salary and emolument in this rank is equivalent[15] to chief secretaries of state governments and to Vice Chief of the Army Staff, General Officers Commanding in Chief of Army Commands, and their equivalents, in the Indian Armed Forces, which is to say Level 17 of the Central Pay Matrix.[15]

Secretary to the Government of India monthly pay and allowances  Base salary as per the Seventh Pay Commission | Pay matrix level  | Sources

|
|

₹225,000 (US$2,700) per month | Pay level 17  | [3][4]

## List of current secretaries to the Government of India

[edit]

Secretaries to the Government of India[26] Office or Ministry  | Designation  | Name of secretary  | Background  | Batch

|
|
|
|

President's Secretariat  | Secretary to the President | Deepti Umashankar  | IAS | 1993
Vice President's Secretariat  | Secretary to the Vice President | Sunil Kumar Gupta  | 1987[a]
Prime Minister's Office | Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister | P.K. Mishra | 1972[a]
Supreme Court Registry Office  | Secretary General of Supreme Court of India | Shri Atul M. Kurhekar  | Legal Service | —
Parliament's Secretariat  | Secretary General of the Rajya Sabha | Pramod Chandra Mody | IRS (IT) | 1982[a]
Secretary General of the Lok Sabha | Utpal Kumar Singh | IAS | 1986[a]
Cabinet Secretariat | Cabinet Secretary[b] | T. V. Somanathan | 1987
Secretary (Coordination)  | Manoj Govil  | 1991
Secretary (Research)  | Parag Jain | IPS | 1989
Secretary (Security)  | Hari Nath Mishra  | 1990
Agriculture and Farmers Welfare | Secretary (Agriculture and Farmers Welfare)  | Devesh Chaturvedi  | IAS | 1989
Secretary (Agricultural Research and Education)  | Mangi Lal Jat  | Scientist | —
Atomic Energy | Secretary (Atomic Energy) and Chairperson, Atomic Energy Commission | Ajit Kumar Mohanty[27] | Scientist | —
AYUSH | Secretary (AYUSH)  | Rajesh Kotecha
Chemicals and Fertilizers | Secretary (Chemicals and Petrochemicals)  | Nivedita Shukla Verma  | IAS | 1991
Secretary (Fertilizers)  | Rajat Kumar Mishra  | 1992
Secretary (Pharmaceuticals)  | Amit Agrawal  | 1993
Civil Aviation | Secretary (Civil Aviation)  | Samir Kumar Sinha | 1994
Coal | Secretary (Coal)  | Vikram Dev Dutt  | 1993
Commerce and Industry | Secretary (Commerce)  | Rajesh Agarwal  | 1994
Secretary (Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade)  | Amardeep Singh Bhatia  | 1993
Communications | Secretary (Posts)  | Vandita Kaul  | IPoS | 1989
Secretary (Telecommunications) and ex officio Chairperson, Digital Communication Commission  | Neeraj Mittal[28] | IAS | 1992
Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution | Secretary (Consumer Affairs)  | Nidhi Khare  | 1992
Secretary (Food and Public Distribution)  | Sanjeev Chopra  | 1990
Co-operation | Secretary (Co-operation)  | Ashish Kumar Bhutani  | 1992
Corporate Affairs | Secretary (Corporate Affairs)  | Deepti Gaur Mukerjee  | 1993
Culture | Secretary (Culture)  | Vivek Aggarwal  | 1994
Defence | Defence Secretary | Rajesh Kumar Singh [29] | 1989
Secretary (Defence Production)  | Sanjeev Kumar  | 1993
Secretary (Defence Research and Development) and Chairperson, DRDO | Samir V. Kamath  | Scientist | —
Secretary (Ex-Servicemen Welfare)  | Niten Chandra | IAS | 1990
Secretary (Department of Military Affairs) and Chief of Defence Staff | General Anil Chauhan | Indian Armed Forces | —
Development of North Eastern Region | Secretary (Development of North Eastern Region)  | Chanchal Kumar[30] | IAS | 1992
Earth Sciences | Secretary (Earth Sciences) and Chairperson, Earth Commission  | M. Ravichandran  | Scientist | —
Education | Secretary (Higher Education)  | Vineet Joshi | IAS | 1992
Secretary (School Education and Literacy)  | Sanjay Kumar  | 1990
Electronics and Information Technology | Secretary (Electronics and Information Technology)  | S Krishnan[28] | 1989
Environment, Forest and Climate Change | Secretary (Environment, Forest and Climate Change)  | Tanmay Kumar  | 1993
External Affairs | Foreign Secretary | Vikram Misri | IFS | 1989
Secretary (East)  | Periasamy Kumaran  | 1992
Secretary (West)  | Tanmaya Lal  | 1991
Secretary (CPV & OIA)  | Arun Kumar Chatterjee  | 1992
Secretary (Economic Relations)  | Dammu Ravi  | 1989
Secretary (South)  | Dr. Neena Malhotra | 1992
Finance | Secretary (Expenditure)  | Vumlunmang Vualnam  | IAS | 1992

Secretary (Economic Affairs)

| Anuradha Thakur  | 1994
Secretary (Public Enterprises)  | K. Moses Chalai  | 1990
Secretary (Revenue Secretary)  | Arvind Shrivastava  | 1994
Finance Secretary (Investment and Public Asset Management)  | Arunish Chawla  | 1992
Secretary (Financial Services)  | Nagaraju Maddirala  | 1993
Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying | Secretary (Animal Husbandry and Dairying)  | Alka Upadhyaya  | 1990
Secretary (Fisheries)  | Dr. Abhilaksh Likhi  | 1991
Food Processing Industries | Secretary (Food Processing Industries)  | Avinash Purushottam Das Joshi  | 1994
Health and Family Welfare | Secretary (Health and Family Welfare)  | Punya Salila Srivastava  | 1993
Secretary (Health Research) and ex officio Director General, ICMR | Dr. Rajiv Bahl  | Scientist | —
Heavy Industries | Secretary (Heavy Industry)  | Kamran Rizvi  | IAS | 1991
Home Affairs |  Home Secretary | Govind Mohan | 1989
Secretary (Official Language)  | Ansuli Arya  | 1989
Secretary (Border Management)  | Rajendra Kumar  | 1992
Secretary (Inter-State Council Secretariat)  | Ashish Srivastava  | IAS | 1992
Housing and Urban Affairs | Secretary (Housing and Urban Affairs)  | Katikithala Srinivas  | IAS | 1989
Information and Broadcasting | Secretary (Information and Broadcasting)  | Sanjay Jaju  | 1992
Jal Shakti | Secretary (Drinking Water and Sanitation)  | Ashok Kumar Kaluaram Meena  | 1993
Secretary (Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation)  | Debashree Mukherjee[31] | 1991
Labour and Employment | Secretary (Labour and Employment)  | Vandana Gurnani  | 1991
Law and Justice | Secretary (Justice)  | Raj Kumar Goyal  | 1990
Secretary (Legal Affairs)  | Anju Rathi Rana  | Legal Service | –
Secretary (Legislative)  | Dr. Rajiv Mani
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises | Secretary (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises)  | Subhas Chandra Lal Das  | IAS | 1992
Mines | Secretary (Mines)  | VL Kantha Rao  | 1992
Minority Affairs | Secretary (Minority Affairs)  | Chandra Sekhar Kumar  | 1992
New and Renewable Energy | Secretary (New and Renewable Energy)  | Santosh Kumar Sarangi  | 1994
NITI Aayog ( previously Planning Commission)  | Chief Executive Officer and ex officio Secretary  | BVR Subrahmanyam | 1987[a]
Panchayati Raj | Secretary (Panchayati Raj)  | Vivek Bhardwaj  | 1990
Parliamentary Affairs | Secretary (Parliamentary Affairs)  | Nikunja Bihari Dhal  | 1993
Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions | Secretary (Personnel and Training)  | Rachna Shah[32] | 1991
Secretary (Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances)  | V. Srinivas  | 1989
Secretary (Pension and Pensioners’ Welfare)
Petroleum and Natural Gas | Secretary (Petroleum and Natural Gas)  | Pankaj Jain  | 1990
Ports, Shipping and Waterways | Secretary (Ports, Shipping and Waterways)  | T K Ramachandran | 1991
Power | Secretary (Power)  | Pankaj Agarwal  | 1992
Ministry of Railway (Railway Board)  | Chairperson, Railway Board and ex officio Principal Secretary  | Satish Kumar  | IRSME | 1986
Road Transport and Highways | Secretary (Road Transport and Highways)  | V Umashankar  | IAS | 1989
Rural Development | Secretary (Land Resources)  | Manoj Joshi  | 1989
Secretary (Rural Development)  | Shailesh Kumar Singh  | 1991
Science and Technology | Secretary (Biotechnology)  | Rajesh Sudhir Gokhale | Scientist | —
Secretary (Science and Technology)  | Abhay Karandikar[33]
Secretary (Scientific and Industrial Research) and ex officio Director General, CSIR | N. Kalaiselvi
Skill Development and Entrepreneurship | Secretary (Skill Development and Entrepreneurship)  | Rajit Punhani  | IAS | 1990
Social Justice and Empowerment | Secretary (Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities)  | Rajesh Aggarwal  | 1989
Secretary (Social Justice and Empowerment)  | Amit Yadav  | 1991
Statistics and Programme Implementation | Secretary (Statistics and Programme Implementation)  | Saurabh Garg  | IAS | 1991
Space | Secretary (Space) and ex officio Chairperson of ISRO and Space Commission  | V. Narayanan | Scientist | —
Steel | Secretary (Steel)  | Sandeep Pondrik  | IAS | 1993
Textiles | Secretary (Textiles)  | Neelam Shammi Rao  | 1992
Tourism | Secretary (Tourism)  | V. Vidyavathi  | 1991
Tribal Affairs | Secretary (Tribal Affairs)  | Vibhu Nayar  | 1990
Women and Child Development | Secretary (Women and Child Development)  | Anil Malik  | 1991
Youth Affairs and Sports | Secretary (Sports)  | Hari Ranjan Rao  | 1994
Secretary (Youth Affairs)  | Pallavi Jain Govil  | 1994
Notes

1. ^ a b c d e Retired
2. ^ Cabinet Secretary is not a secretary rank position but the highest level of empanelment in the Government of India is at the secretary rank.

## Reforms and challenges

[edit]

Media articles and others have argued in favour of lateral entrants being recruited to this rank/post to infuse fresh energy and thinking into an insular, complacent and archaic bureaucracy.[34][35][36]

Non-IAS civil services have complained to the Government of India because of lack of empanelment in the rank/post of secretary on numerous occasions.[37][38][9]

### Lateral entry

[edit]

From 1998 to 1999, Vijay Kelkar served as Finance Secretary as a lateral entry. During the term of Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh as Prime Minister of India, Ram Vinay Shahi served as Secretary (GOI) in the Ministry of Power from 2002 to 2007 as a lateral entry.[39] The Indian government in 2024 asked the Union Public Service Commission to cancel the recruitment of 45 specialists for senior positions through a lateral entry route.[40] The Indian government also stated that it aims to introduce a quota system for lateral entries in order to respect social justice, particularly the reservation system in place for public appointments.[40]

## See also

[edit]

* Federal Secretary

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Fixed tenure for defence, home secretaries". Rediff.com. 22 September 2005. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
2. ^ "Fixed tenure for Defence, Home Secretaries". Outlook. 22 September 2005.
3. ^ a b c "Report of the 7th Central Pay Commission of India" (PDF). Seventh Central Pay Commission, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
4. ^ a b Biswas, Shreya, ed. (29 June 2016). "7th Pay Commission cleared: What is the Pay Commission? How does it affect salaries?". India Today. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
5. ^ "The Central Staffing Scheme" (PDF). Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions. January 1996. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
6. ^ "Only Cabinet can create Joint Secretary, above level posts". Press Trust of India. Archived from the original on 22 June 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
7. ^ Tikku, Aloke (15 January 2016). "Parity between IAS and non-IAS? The IAS will get to decide". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
8. ^ "Non-IAS bureaucrats now eligible for secretary-level posts". The Asian Age. 18 January 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
9. ^ a b Dastidar, Avishek G (14 January 2017). "Alleging bias, non-IAS officers petition PM Modi". The Indian Express. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
10. ^ "Part I of the Constitution of India- The Union and its territory - Article 1" (PDF). Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
11. ^ "Part XIV of the Constitution of India- Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits - Article 300" (PDF). Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2011. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
12. ^ "Part XIV of the Constitution of India- Services under the Union and the States - Article 312(2)" (PDF). Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2011. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
13. ^ a b c d Laxmikanth, M. (2014). Governance in India (2nd ed.). Noida: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 3.1 – 3.10. ISBN 978-9339204785.
14. ^ a b "Central Secretariat Manual of Office Procedure - 14th Edition (2015)" (PDF). Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pension. p. 6. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
15. ^ a b c "TGC Entry Advert, 2022" (PDF). Ministry of Defence, Government of India. 24 January 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
16. ^ "Who's Who: Department of Military Affairs". Ministry of Defence (India). Retrieved 18 July 2024.
17. ^ "Table of Precedence". Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 28 April 2014. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
18. ^ Maheshwari, S.R. (2000). Indian Administration (6th ed.). New Delhi: Orient Blackswan Private Ltd. ISBN 9788125019886.
19. ^ a b Kirk-Greene, A. (2000). Britain's Imperial Administrators, 1858-1966. New York City: Springer. ISBN 9780230286320.
20. ^ a b As per published records and book named "The India List and India Office List 1905" as published by India Office and India Office Records.
21. ^ a b Singh, Hoshiar; Singh, Pankaj (2011). Indian Administration (1st ed.). Delhi: Pearson Education India. pp. 104–126\. ISBN 978-8131761199.
22. ^ "PM to oversee cadre allocation of bureaucrats, postings of joint secretaries and above". The Times of India. 21 August 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
23. ^ "Compendium (RTI Act) – Government Residence (General Pool in Delhi) Rules" (PDF). Directorate of Estates, Ministry of Urban Development They are also eligible for Y+ security i.e of 4 Para commando and 18 Armed Forces. January 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
24. ^ Gupta, Geeta (21 July 2011). "New homes for govt staff changing New Delhi". Indian Express. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
25. ^ Singh, Vijaita (16 September 2015). "Home Secretary gives the miss to fortified bungalow". The Hindu. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
26. ^ "Secretaries to the Government of India (as on 6 September 2023)" (PDF). Department of Personnel and Training. Government of India. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
27. ^ "Ajit Kumar Mohanty pointed As Atomic Energy Commission Chief". Times of India.com. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
28. ^ a b "S Krishnan is new Meity secy, Neeraj Mittal to lead telecom dept in reshuffle". Hindustan Times. 1 September 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
29. ^ "Govt appoints Rajesh Kumar Singh as Defence Secretary". Business Today. 16 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
30. ^ "Big Reshuffle at Centre, Modi Govt Shifts 16 IAS Officers, 3 IAS Elevated to Rank of Secy". Retrieved 24 September 2023.
31. ^ "IAS Debashree Mukherjee takes charge as Secretary, Dept of Water Resources". 4 October 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
32. ^ "Government reshuffles senior IAS officers; Key changes in finance, textiles, education - CNBC TV18". CNBCTV18. 25 December 2024. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
33. ^ www.ETTelecom.com. "Government appoints Abhay Karandikar as Department of Science & Technology Secretary - ET Telecom". ETTelecom.com. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
34. ^ Natarajan, Gulzar (13 April 2015). "Lateral entry, blind alley". The Indian Express. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
35. ^ Chandra, Shailaja (15 July 2017). "Should the government allow lateral entry into the civil services?". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
36. ^ Natarajan, Gulzar; Subbarao, Duvvuri (9 August 2017). "The case for lateral entry". The Indian Express. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
37. ^ Tripathi, Shishir (8 December 2015). "IAS: Emperor among the kings?". Governance Now. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
38. ^ "Need Pay Parity With IAS Officers, Say Officials Of 20 Civil Services". NDTV. 30 June 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
39. ^ "Even Manmohan Singh was a lateral entry, says PMO". India Today. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
40. ^ a b Joy, Shemin (20 August 2024). "Modi govt makes lateral entry U-turn, seeks scrapping of ad for 45 specialists". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 9 September 2024.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Laxmikanth, M. (2014). Governance in India (2nd ed.). Noida: McGraw Hill Education. ISBN 978-9339204785.
* Maheshwari, S.R. (2000). Indian Administration (6th ed.). New Delhi: Orient Blackswan Private Ltd. ISBN 9788125019886.
* Kirk-Greene, A. (2000). Britain's Imperial Administrators, 1858-1966. New York City: Springer. ISBN 9780230286320.
* Singh, Hoshiar; Singh, Pankaj (2011). Indian Administration (1st ed.). Delhi: Pearson Education India. ISBN 978-8131761199.
* Verma, K.B. (1987). Readings In Indian Railway Finance. New Delhi: Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-8171881215.

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* Solicitor General
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* Deputy chief ministers
* Chief secretaries
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Legislature|

* Parliament
* Lok Sabha
* Speaker
* Deputy speaker
* Secretary General
* Member
* Leader
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* Rajya Sabha
* Chairman
* Deputy Chairperson
* Member
* Leader
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* State legislature
* State legislative assemblies
* State legislative councils
* Speakers and Chairpersons
* Members
* Leaders of the Opposition

Judiciary|

* Supreme Court of India
* Chief Justice of India (list)
* Sitting judges
* High courts
* Chief justices
* Sitting judges
* District courts

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Government ministries of India

President (List) • Vice President (List) • Government of India • Prime Minister (List • Office) • Deputy Prime Minister • Council of Ministers

Current|

| Key|

* Defence
* External Affairs
* Finance
* Home Affairs

|

Economy & Industry|

* Chemicals and Fertilizers
* Civil Aviation
* Commerce and Industry
* Communications
* Co-operation
* Corporate Affairs
* Electronics and Information Technology
* Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises
* Information and Broadcasting
* Labour and Employment
* Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
* Mines
* Steel
* Textiles
* Tourism

Infrastructure|

* Development of North Eastern Region
* Jal Shakti
* Ports, Shipping and Waterways
* Railways
* Road Transport and Highways
* Rural Development
* Housing and Urban Affairs

Food|

* Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare
* Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
* Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying
* Food Processing Industries

Energy & Climate Change|

* Coal
* Environment, Forest and Climate Change
* New and Renewable Energy
* Petroleum and Natural Gas
* Power

Science, Education & Health|

* AYUSH
* Earth Sciences
* Education
* Health and Family Welfare
* Science and Technology
* Skill Development and Entrepreneurship

General Administration|

* Culture
* Law and Justice
* Minority Affairs
* Panchayati Raj
* Parliamentary Affairs
* Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
* Planning
* Social Justice and Empowerment
* Statistics and Programme Implementation
* Tribal Affairs
* Women and Child Development
* Youth Affairs and Sports

Defunct|

* Communications and Information Technology
* Information Technology
* Overseas Indian Affairs
* Surface Transport
* Drinking Water and Sanitation
* Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
* Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation

Ministers|

* Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare
* Communications
* Defence
* Education
* External Affairs
* Finance
* Home Affairs
* Housing and Urban Affairs
* Law and Justice
* Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
* Railways
* Road Transport and Highways

Secretaries|

* Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister
* Cabinet
* Defence
* Finance
* Foreign
* Home
* Personnel

Departments|

| Current|

* Atomic Energy
* Biotechnology
* Economic Affairs
* Higher Education
* Official Language
* Science and Technology
* Military Affairs
* Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade
* Space
* Technical Education
* Telecommunications

|

Defunct|

* Criminal Intelligence
* Thagi and Dakaiti

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