Serrated hinged terrapin

African terrapin

Serrated hinged terrapin

Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Reptilia
Order:  | Testudines
Suborder:  | Pleurodira
Family:  | Pelomedusidae
Genus:  | Pelusios
Species:  |

P. sinuatus

Binomial name
Pelusios sinuatus

(A. Smith, 1838)

Synonyms[1]

* Sternotherus sinuatus
A. Smith, 1838
* Sternothaerus sinuatus
— Boulenger, 1889
* Pelusios sinuatus
— Schmidt, 1919

The serrated hinged terrapin (Pelusios sinuatus) is a species of turtle in the family Pelomedusidae. The species is native to East Africa and Southern Africa. There are two recognised subspecies.

## Geographic range[edit]

P. sinuatus is found in Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.[1]

## Habitat and behaviour[edit]

The preferred natural habitats of P. sinuatus are tropical lakes and rivers, where it can often be seen basking on logs, rocks, or mud banks, or even on the backs of sleeping hippopotami.[2]

## Diet[edit]

P. sinuatus eats water snails, soft-weed, and insects.[2]

## Description[edit]

The largest species in the genus Pelusios, P. sinuatus has a straight carapace length of up to 55 cm (22 in). Females are larger than males. Males can also be distinguished by their slightly longer tails.[2]

## Defence[edit]

For defence, the hinged plastron of P. sinuatus closes to protect the head and forelimbs. The serrated hinged terrapin also secretes a foul odour when threatened.[2]

## Breeding[edit]

The female serrated hinged terrapin lays seven to 25 eggs, up to 500 m (1,600 ft) from the nearest water, in October to January. Hatchlings appear in March to April.[3]

## Subspecies[edit]

The following two subspecies are recognised as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.[1]

* Pelusios sinuatus bottegi Boulenger, 1895
* Pelusios sinuatus sinuatus A. Smith, 1838

## Etymology[edit]

The subspecific name, bottegi is in honour of Italian explorer Vittorio Bottego.[4]

## See also[edit]

* Pelomedusa subrufa, a similar species

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c Species Pelusios sinuatus at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
2. ^ a b c d Broadley, Donald; Boycott, Richard (2009), Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) – Serrated Hinged Terrapin, Chelonian Research Foundation, pp. 036.1–036.5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.036.sinuatus.v1.2009, ISBN 978-0-9653540-9-7[dead link]
3. ^ Branch, Bill (2004). Field Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Third Revised edition, Second impression. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 399 pp., 112 plates. ISBN 0-88359-042-5. (Pelusios sinuatus, p. 46 + Plate 11).
4. ^ Boulenger GA (1895). "Rettili e Batraci. Esplorazione del Giuba e dei suoi affluenti compiuta dal Cap. V. Bottego durante gli anni 1892–93 sotto gli auspicii della Società Geografica Italiana". Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie Seconda [= Second Series] 15: 9–18. (Sternothaerus bottegi, new species). (in Italian).

## Further reading[edit]

* Schmidt KP (1919). "Contributions to the Herpetology of the Belgian Congo Based on the Collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909–1915. Part I. Turtles, Crocodiles, Lizards, and Chameleons". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 39 (2): 385–624 + Plates VII–XXXII. (Pelusios sinuatus, new combination, p. 401).
* Smith A (1838). Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa; Consisting Chiefly of Figures and Descriptions of the Objects of Natural History Collected during an Expedition into the Interior of South Africa, in the Years 1834, 1835, and 1836; Fitted out by "The Cape of Good Hope Association for the Exploring Central Africa:" Together with a Summary of African Zoology, and an Inquiry into the Geographical Ranges of Species in that Quarter of the Globe. [Volume III. Reptilia.] London: Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury. (Smith, Elder and Co., printers). 48 Plates + unnumbered pages of text. (Sternotherus sinuatus, new species, Plate I + two unnumbered pages). (in English and Latin).
* Spawls S, Howell K, Hinkel H, Menegon M (2018). Field Guide to East African Reptiles, Second Edition. London: Bloomsbury Natural History.624 pp. ISBN 978-1472935618. (Pelusios sinuatus, p. 60).

## External links[edit]

* Media related to Pelusios sinuatus at Wikimedia Commons

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Side-necked turtle species

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Chordata
* Class: Reptilia
* Subclass: Anapsida
* Order: Testudines
* Suborder: Pleurodira

Family|

| Subfamily|

| Genus|

| Subgenus|

Species

Chelidae|

| Chelinae|

| Acanthochelys|

|  |

* Acanthochelys macrocephala
* Acanthochelys pallidipectoris
* Acanthochelys radiolata
* Acanthochelys spixii

|

Chelus|

|  |

* Chelus fimbriata

|

Mesoclemmys|

|  |

* Mesoclemmys dahli
* Mesoclemmys gibba
* Mesoclemmys jurutiensis
* Mesoclemmys nasuta
* Mesoclemmys perplexa
* Mesoclemmys raniceps
* Mesoclemmys sabiniparaensis
* Mesoclemmys tuberculata
* Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei
* †Mesoclemmys vanegasorum
* Mesoclemmys zuliae

|

Phrynops|

|  |

* Phrynops geoffroanus
* Phrynops hilarii
* †Phrynops paranaensis
* Phrynops tuberosus
* Phrynops williamsi

|

Platemys|

|  |

* Platemys platycephala

|

Ranacephala|

|  |

* Ranacephala hogei

|

Rhinemys|

|  |

* Rhinemys rufipes

|

Chelodininae|

| Chelodina|

| Chelodina|

* Chelodina canni
* Chelodina gunaleni
* Chelodina longicollis
* Chelodina mccordi
* †Chelodina murrayi
* Chelodina novaeguineae
* Chelodina pritchardi
* Chelodina reimanni
* Chelodina steindachneri

|

Chelydera|

* †Chelodina alanrixi
* Chelodina burrungandjii
* Chelodina expansa
* Chelodina insculpta
* Chelodina kuchlingi
* Chelodina kurrichalpongo
* Chelodina parkeri
* Chelodina rugosa
* Chelodina walloyarrina

Macrochelodina|

* Chelodina oblonga

Elseya|

| Elseya|

* Elseya dentata
* Elseya branderhorsti
* Elseya flaviventralis

|

Pelocomastes|

* Elseya albagula
* Elseya irwini
* Elseya lavarackorum
* †Elseya nadibajagu
* †Elseya uberrima

Hanwarachelys|

* Elseya caelatus
* Elseya novaeguineae
* Elseya orestiad
* Elseya rhodini
* Elseya schultzei

Elusor|

|  |

* Elusor macrurus

|

Emydura|

|  |

* Emydura australis
* Emydura gunaleni
* Emydura macquarii
* Emydura subglobosa
* Emydura tanybaraga
* Emydura victoriae

|

Myuchelys|

|  |

* Myuchelys belli
* Myuchelys georgesi
* Myuchelys latisternum
* Myuchelys purvisi

|

Rheodytes|

|  |

* Rheodytes leukops
* †Rheodytes devisi

|

Hydromedusinae|

| Hydromedusa|

|  |

* Hydromedusa maximiliani
* Hydromedusa tectifera

|

Pseudemydurinae|

| Pseudemydura|

|  |

* Pseudemydura umbrina

|

Pelomedusidae|

|  |

| Pelomedusa|

|  |

* Pelomedusa subrufa

|

Pelusios|

|  |

* Pelusios adansonii
* Pelusios bechuanicus
* Pelusios broadleyi
* Pelusios carinatus
* Pelusios castaneus
* Pelusios castanoides
* Pelusios chapini
* Pelusios cupulatta
* Pelusios gabonensis
* Pelusios marani
* Pelusios nanus
* Pelusios niger
* Pelusios rhodesianus
* Pelusios sinuatus
* Pelusios subniger
* Pelusios upembae
* Pelusios williamsi

|

Podocnemididae|

|  |

| Erymnochelys|

|  |

* Erymnochelys madagascariensis

|

Peltocephalus|

|  |

* Peltocephalus dumerilianus

|

Podocnemis|

|  |

* Podocnemis erythrocephala
* Podocnemis expansa
* Podocnemis lewyana
* Podocnemis sextuberculata
* Podocnemis unifilis
* Podocnemis vogli

|

* Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based on Turtles of the World 2021 Update: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Key: †=extinct.

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* e

Testudines

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Chordata
* Class: Reptilia
* Clade: Diapsida
* Order: Testudines

Suborder|

| Superfamily|

| Family|

Genus

Cryptodira|

| Chelonioidea
(Sea turtles)|

| Cheloniidae|

* †Allopleuron
* Caretta
* †Carolinochelys
* Chelonia
* †Eochelone
* Eretmochelys
* †Gigantatypus
* †Glarichelys
* †Itilochelys
* Lepidochelys
* †Mexichelys
* †Miocaretta
* Natator
* †Pacifichelys
* †Syllomus
* †Tasbacka

|

Dermochelyidae|

* †Arabemys
* †Corsochelys
* †Cosmochelys
* Dermochelys
* †Eosphargis
* †Mesodermochelys
* †Psephophorus

* †Euclastes
* †Peritresius
* †Procolpochelys
* †Protosphargis
* †Puppigerus

Kinosternoidea|

| Dermatemydidae|

* Dermatemys

|

Kinosternidae|

* Claudius
* †Hoplochelys
* Kinosternon
* Staurotypus
* Sternotherus

Testudinoidea|

| Emydidae|

* †Acherontemys
* Chrysemys
* Clemmys
* Deirochelys
* Emys
* Actinemys
* Emydoidea
* Glyptemys
* Graptemys
* Malaclemys
* Pseudemys
* Terrapene
* Trachemys
* †Wilburemys

|

Geoemydidae|

* Batagur
* †Banhxeochelys
* Cuora
* Cyclemys
* Geoclemys
* Geoemyda
* Hardella
* Heosemys
* Leucocephalon
* Malayemys
* Mauremys
* Melanochelys
* Morenia
* Notochelys
* Orlitia
* Pangshura
* Rhinoclemmys
* Sacalia
* Siebenrockiella
* Vijayachelys

Platysternidae|

* Platysternon

Testudinidae|

* Aldabrachelys
* Astrochelys
* Centrochelys
* Chelonoidis
* Chersina
* Cylindraspis
* †Cymatholcus
* †Floridemys
* Geochelone
* Gopherus
* †Hadrianus
* †Hesperotestudo
* Homopus
* Indotestudo
* Kinixys
* Malacochersus
* Manouria
* †Megalochelys
* †Oligopherus
* Psammobates
* Pyxis
* †Solitudo
* Stigmochelys
* †Stylemys
* Testudo

Trionychia|

| Carettochelyidae|

* †Allaeochelys
* †Anosteira
* Carettochelys

|

Trionychidae|

* Amyda
* Apalone
* †Axestemys
* Chitra
* Cyclanorbis
* Cycloderma
* †Drazinderetes
* Dogania
* †Gilmoremys
* †Hutchemys
* †Khunnuchelys
* Lissemys
* Nilssonia
* Palea
* †Palaeoamyda
* Pelochelys
* Pelodiscus
* Rafetus
* Trionyx

* †Basilochelys
* †Sinaspideretes

| Chelydridae|

* Chelydra
* †Chelydrops
* †Chelydropsis
* †Emarginachelys
* †Macrocephalochelys
* Macrochelys
* †Planiplastron
* †Protochelydra

|

†Nanhsiungchelyidae|

* †Anomalochelys
* †Basilemys
* †Jiangxichelys

†Protostegidae|

* †Alienochelys
* †Archelon
* †Atlantochelys
* †Bouliachelys
* †Calcarichelys
* †Cratochelone
* †Desmatochelys
* †Iserosaurus
* †Notochelone
* †Ocepechelon
* †Pneumatoarthrus
* †Protostega
* †Rhinochelys
* †Santanachelys
* †Terlinguachelys

* †Adocus
* †Argillochelys
* †Bashuchelys
* †Ctenochelys
* †Prionochelys
* †Toxochelys

Pleurodira|

|  |

| †Araripemydidae|

* †Araripemys

|

†Bothremydidae|

* †Araiochelys
* †Arenila
* †Azabbaremys
* †Bothremys
* †Cearachelys
* †Chedighaii
* †Chupacabrachelys
* †Eotaphrosphys
* †Foxemys
* †Galianemys
* †Ilatardia
* †Inaechelys
* †Itapecuruemys
* †Jainemys
* †Kinkonychelys
* †Kurmademys
* †Labrostochelys
* †Nigeremys
* †Phosphatochelys
* †Polysternon
* †Puentemys
* †Rosasia
* †Rhothonemys
* †Sankuchemys
* †Taphrosphys
* †Ummulisani
* †Zolhafah

Chelidae|

* Acanthochelys
* Chelodina
* Chelus
* Elseya
* Elusor
* Emydura
* Hydromedusa
* †Lomalatachelys
* Mesoclemmys
* Myuchelys
* Phrynops
* Platemys
* †Prochelidella
* Pseudemydura
* Rheodytes
* Rhinemys
* †Yaminuechelys

Pelomedusidae|

* Pelomedusa
* Pelusios

Podocnemididae|

* †Albertwoodemys
* †Bauruemys
* †Brontochelys
* †Caninemys
* †Carbonemys
* †Cerrejonemys
* †Cordichelys
* Erymnochelys
* †Lapparentemys
* †Latentemys
* Peltocephalus
* Podocnemis
* †Stupendemys

†Sahonachelyidae|

* †Sahonachelys
* †Sokatra

|  |

|  |

* †Caribemys
* †Caririemys
* †Tacuarembemys

|

* Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based on Turtles of the World 2017 Update: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. † = extinct.

* See also List of Testudines families

Taxon identifiers|

* Wikidata: Q2210326
* Wikispecies: Pelusios sinuatus
* ADW: Pelusios_sinuatus
* BOLD: 171539
* CoL: 76FP4
* EoL: 791165
* GBIF: 2442335
* iNaturalist: 40126
* IRMNG: 10952026
* ITIS: 551830
* NCBI: 44526
* RD: sinuatus

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