Shōwa nostalgia

Nostalgia for the Shōwa era

Display at the Shōwa Retro Packaging Museum, Ōme

Shōwa nostalgia[1] (Japanese: 昭和ノスタルジア)[2] includes nostalgia for certain aspects of the postwar Shōwa era.[1][3][4][5] Shōwa retro (昭和レトロ) is retro related to the Shōwa era. The Shōwa retro boom (昭和レトロブーム) includes increased popularity and sales of Shōwa retro goods and services.[6] The expression also loosely includes increased popularity of some things from the early part of the Heisei era.[7] The beginnings of periods of increased nostalgia have been dated to 1974,[7] 1986,[8] 2005,[7] 2012[9] and 2017.[7]

## Overview

[edit]

Retro vending machines at Sagamihara Vending Machine Park

As of 2017, three quarters of the Japanese population were born in the Shōwa era.[10] By 2004, the expression "the good old Shōwa days" (古き良き昭和, furuki yoki Shōwa) was in use.[11]

Neo Shōwa (ネオ昭和) is a fusion of the culture of the past Shōwa and current Reiwa eras.[12]

Enthusiasm for Shōwa retro is not confined to people who remember the Shōwa era. Shōwa retro is popular among Millennials, some of whom were born after the Shōwa era.[13][14] Shōwa retro is also popular among Generation Z, who were born after the Shōwa era.[15][16] Enthusiasm for Shōwa retro is not confined to Japan or to Japanese people either.[17][18] As of 2024, there is a Shōwa retro boom in Thailand, where people are enthusiastic about animated series and films from the Shōwa era in Japan.[19] Shōwa nostalgia includes anemoia.[20]

It has been said that the Shōwa nostalgia boom was preceded by Meiji and Taishō nostalgia,[21] which existed circa 1950.[22]

It has been said that nostalgia for the Shōwa 30s existed by 1971.[23] In 2011, Thompson said that nostalgia seemed to be centred on the Shōwa 30s (1955 to 1964).[24] There was said to be a Shōwa 30s boom (Japanese: 昭和30年代ブーム).[25] In 2016, Hidaka said that nostalgia seemed to be centred on 1968 and the rest of the Shōwa 40s (1965 to 1974).[26] In 2024, Kohei Takano said the retro boom that began in 2017 is centred on the 1980s, the end of the Shōwa era, and the start of the Heisei era.[7]

Shōwa nostalgia has been followed by, and exists alongside, Heisei retro (Japanese: 平成レトロ) which is nostalgia for certain aspects of, and retro related to, the Heisei era. Heisei retro includes, in particular, nostalgia for the later part of the 1990s, of which the music of Nanase Aikawa, for example, is said to be particularly representative.[27]

## Film and television

[edit]

Manifestations of Shōwa nostalgia include television programmes about the Shōwa era, such as Takeda Tetsuya no Shōwa wa kagayaiteita (2013 onwards),[22] Himekuri Taimu Toraberu (2007 to 2011) and most of the original series of Purojekuto Ekkusu: Chōsensha Tachi [ja] (2000 to 2005).[28]

It has been said that the film Always: Sunset on Third Street (2005) caused a period of increased Shōwa nostalgia.[2][7][29] The Studio Ghibli animated film From Up on Poppy Hill (2011) is nostalgic about 1963 Japan.[30][31] The director said that he was nostalgic about late 1950s to early 1960s Japan.[32] Other Shōwa nostalgia films include Hula Girls (2006) and Tokyo Tower: Mom and Me, and Sometimes Dad (2007).[33] There are Shōwa nostalgia films about the 300 million yen robbery.[26]

Shōwa nostalgia is the subject matter of the animated film Crayon Shin-chan: The Storm Called: The Adult Empire Strikes Back (2001). The film 20th Century Boys (2008) is similar.[34] The television programme Banpaku no Taiyo [ja] (2024) has Shōwa retro content depicting the time before and during Expo '70.[35][36][37]

Oshin (1983 to 1984) was a nostalgia television programme that covered the Shōwa era.[8]

Television programmes made in the Shōwa era, before self-imposed restrictions by the industry, are popular with young people.[7] Extremely Inappropriate! (2024) satirizes the excessive safety of Reiwa era television by contrasting it with Shōwa era television.[38][39] As of 2023, Takeshi's Castle (1986 to 1990) is popular with young people and got a new season on Amazon Prime Video.[40][41][42] There is nostalgia for Choudenshi Bioman (1984 to 1985) in South Korea.[43]

There is a Shōwa 100th anniversary film festival (Japanese:昭和100年映画祭).[44][45]

## Music

[edit]

Akina Nakamori in 1985

It has been said that the resurgence of city pop began with nostalgic crate digging by Japanese DJs at the end of the 20th century.[46][47] It has been said that the city pop boom was the beginning of a period of increased interest in Shōwa retro.[15] Older people are nostalgic about the songs "Mayonaka no Door" (1979) and "Plastic Love" (1984).[48]

The interest of Shōwa retro among younger generations came to public attention around 2017 when, amongst other things, a dance[7] that uses the song "Dancing Hero (Eat You Up)" (1985)[49] became popular.[7] As of 2024, there is nostalgia for the artists Meiko Nakahara and Saki Kubota, who created songs in the new music genre in the 1980s.[48][50] It has been said there is a "Shōwa song boom" (昭和歌謡ブーム)[51] and that Shōwa era kayōkyoku songs have become popular among young people.[52][53][54]

Episodes of The Best Ten have aired in repeats on Japanese television[52] and the Shōwa era music of Akina Nakamori and Seiko Matsuda,[55] Yoko Minamino[56] and others,[57] has become popular in South Korea.[55][58][59][60]

There is nostalgia for the Shōwa era kayōkyoku songs of Momoe Yamaguchi.[61] The 2023 music video for ClariS' cover version of "Samishii Nettaigyo" (1989) is an homage to Wink, the original artists.[62][63] A performance in Tokyo in 2024 of a cover version of "Aoi Sangosho [ja]" (1980) by Korean band NewJeans went viral in South Korea and Japan.[64][65][66][67] AKB48 (2005 onwards) re-used ideas from Onyanko Club (1985 to 1987),[68][69] both of whom were produced by Yasushi Akimoto.[70] As of 2023, the song "Gakuen Tengoku" (1974) was popular on TikTok.[71]

As of 2022, the song "Friends [ja]" (1985) by Rebecca, and the song "Roman Hikō" (from a 1987 album), were popular on Spotify.[72] There have been karaoke rankings[73] and opinion polls on people's favourite Shōwa era songs.[74][75] It has been said that the popularity of 1980s female idols with young people is partly attributable to the appearance of Kyoko Koizumi and Hiroko Yakushimaru in Amachan (2013).[76] There have been Shōwa retro music festivals, and Shōwa retro tribute bands to Showa era musicians such as the Candies.[77][78][79]

The "Shōwa Retrophone" (Japanese: 昭和レトロフォン) resembles a gramophone, and plays Shōwa era music by Shizuko Kasagi, which appeared on television in Boogie Woogie (2023).[80] The song "Omoide No Kujūkurihama [ja]" (1991) by Mi-Ke is a homage to group sounds with lyrics that list twelve songs[81] released from 1966 to 1968.[82]

## Manga

[edit]

It has been said that the publication of Sunset on Third Street in 1974 caused a period of increased nostalgia.[7]

## Magaziness

[edit]

Shūkan Shōwa Taimuzu (2007) and Shūkan Shōwa (Japanese: 週刊昭和) (2008) are Shōwa nostalgia magazines.[83] The nostalgia magazines Shōwa 40 nen Otoko (2009), Shōwa 45 nen Onna (2021) and Shōwa 50 nen Otoko (2019) are aimed at people born in 1965, 1970 and 1975.

## Video games

[edit]

Famicom main unit with hardwired controllers

Shōwa retro includes handheld versions of arcade games such as Pac-Man (1980) and Galaga (1981),[84][85] the revived popularity of Famicom,[86][87] and the release of new consoles capable of playing Famicom games.[88]

## Toys

[edit]

Adults express Shōwa nostalgia by collecting capsule toys.[66] There is nostalgia for Shōwa era toys, and the Shibamata toy museum (Japanese: 柴又のおもちゃ博物館) in Shibamata has a collection of them.[89] As of 1988, there were displays of celluloid dolls (Japanese: セルロイド人形) that had been popular before 1956.[8][90] The Rubik's Cube was popular in 2024, and there was a trend for new versions of Shōwa and Heisei era toys.[91][92]

## Miniatures

[edit]

The Shōwa series (Japanese: ザ・昭和シリーズ) of miniature replicas of Shōwa era electrical appliances.[93][94][95]

## Sport

[edit]

The Oriental Witches volleyball team at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo

The Oriental Witches volleyball team were featured in NHK Shōwa nostalgia television programmes in the 1990s.[96]

## Exhibitions and amusement parks

[edit]

Expo '70 logo

There is nostalgia for Expo '70.[28] There are Showa retro theme parks.[97]

## Fashion

[edit]

Drawing of the Seiko-chan cut.

Shōwa retro includes the revival of Shōwa era fashions such as the taiyozoku clothing style.[98][99] Shōwa retro sneakers also exist,[100] and there are shops specialising in vintage and second-hand clothing produced during the Shōwa era.[101] The wearing of shoulder pads is a manifestation of nostalgia for the bubble era of the 1980s.[102] Akina Nakamori's Shōwa era makeup is being imitated by teenage girls in China.[103] Her Shōwa era hairstyle is also imitated and popular.[104][105] There is nostalgia for the Seiko-chan cut[106][107] and there are Shōwa retro barber shops.[108]

## Food and drink

[edit]

Recreation of a dagashi shop at the Shōwa Retro Packaging Museum, Ōme

Manifestations of Shōwa retro include the revival of kissaten[109][110][3] and tableware with floral patterns,[9][111][112] and the consumption of dagashi[3] and ice cream soda (クリームソーダ).[9] McDonald's Japan produced the "Kissa Mac" range of food in 2023.[113]

## Shopping

[edit]

Tateishi Nakamise Shotengai, in Tateishi, Tokyo, a Shōwa retro shōtengai[114]

Shōwa retro shōtengai (shopping streets) can be found in some towns and cities in Japan,[115][116][1][3][114] and there is a recreation of a 1960s shōtengai in the Seibu-en amusement park.[117][118] The Sagamihara Vending Machine Park consists of retro vending machines from the Shōwa era.[119][120][5]

## Architecture

[edit]

Tokyo Tower in 1961

There is nostalgia for the Tokyo Tower.[28] There are Shōwa era architecture enthusiasts.[121]

## Technology

[edit]

Type 4 telephone[122]

Shōwa retro includes the revived popularity of rotary telephones.[87]

### Analogue technology

[edit]

Fujicolor Utsurundesu cameras

Manifestations of Shōwa retro include the revival of disposable cameras, such as the Fujicolor Utsurundesu (写ルンです; 1986),[16][123][6] and cassette tapes,[7][124] and vinyl records,[125] and jukeboxes.[126][127][128] The VHS Cam app, which imitates 1980s VHS footage, was popular in 2019.[129]

## Cars

[edit]

The Mitsuoka M55 is a Shōwa retro car from Mitsuoka.[130][131][132] There are collectors of Shōwa era cars.[133]

## Second-hand goods

[edit]

As of 2023, the value of some second-hand Shōwa retro goods produced in the Shōwa era had doubled.[134] Shōwa-era retro goods have become popular as Christmas gifts.[135]

## Museums

[edit]

Displays at the Shōwa Retro Packaging Museum, Ōme

There is a Shōwa Retro Packaging Museum [ja] in Ōme, Tokyo.[136] There are Shōwa retro exhibits at the Retrospace-zaka Kaikan [ja] in Nishi-ku, Sapporo[137] and at the Shōwa Era Lifestyle Museum [ja] in Kitanagoya.[138]

## Politics

[edit]

As of 2017, there was nostalgia for former prime minister Kakuei Tanaka.[10]

## Masks

[edit]

As of 2011, Shōwa retro included the revival of kamado-gami masks.[24]

## See also

[edit]

* Taishō Roman

## References

[edit]

* Katsuyuki Hidaka (日高勝之). 昭和ノスタルジアとは何か——記憶とラディカル・デモクラシーのメディア学. 世界思想社 (Sekai Shisosha). 2014. Excerpts. NDL.
* Katsuyuki Hidaka. Japanese Media at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Consuming the Past. Routledge. 2017. Google. Review.
* Kohei Takano. 昭和ノスタルジー解体 「懐かしさ」はどう作られたのか. 晶文社 (Shobunsha). 2018. Excerpts. Review.
* 世は「昭和レトロブーム」だなんて 湯浅博. Sankei Shimbun. 4/8/2023.
* 「昭和レトロ」が新しい 非日常感、若者ひき付ける. The Nikkei. 20 April 2021.
* 若者なぜ昭和レトロ. The Nikkei.
* 〝大人の遊び場〟に魅了 「逆に新しい」. The Nikkei. 19 December 2021.
* アナログ感満載の個性 温かみに新鮮さ. The Nikkei. 19 December 2021.
* 貯金箱は「眺める」モノへ レトロ人気で落札価格2倍. The Nikkei. 20 September 2023.
* ＜昭和レトロ探訪＞ （1） 名古屋の「広小路キッチンマツヤ」. Chunichi Shimbun. 30 April 2023.
* "昭和レトロブーム" で「蚤の市」も若者のトレンドに、『昭和レトロ市』に若年層が集まったワケ. ピンズバNEWS. 29 October 2024.
* 阿部サダヲ『ふてほど』で昭和人気が再燃！10～30代男女「憧れの昭和カルチャー」【第5位以下】. ピンズバNEWS. 18 March 2024.
* Jordan Sand. Showa Nostalgia. Weekend Australian Financial Review. 5 to 9 April 2007.
* Showa Sweetness. Metropolis. 13 November 2008.
* ＜ここに昭和 100年目の風景＞（4）ブーム再来 ガチで、進化！ レトロ愛. Tokyo Shimbun. 5 January 2025.
* Marilyn Ivy. Discourses of the Vanishing: Modernity, Phantasm, Japan. University of Chicago Press. Chicago. 1995. pp 55 to 58.
* 松田聖子、中森明菜、松原みき、Z世代&海外でも話題の「昭和歌謡」令和の時代に刺さるこれだけの理由. 週刊女性Prime. 12 September 2024.
* 昭和100年 レトロブームの背景は？ 庶民文化研究家・町田忍さん（74）に聞く. Tokyo Shimbun. 9 January 2025.
* 昭和歌謡、平成J-POPがなぜ流行り続けるのか？──Z世代が"発見"する過去曲との新鮮な出合い. GQ Japan. 30 December 2024.
* 懐かしの音楽特番も限界？"お宝映像"に視聴者の慣れも. News ポストセブン. 22 October 2019.
* Takahiro Asaoka, 昭和 30年代へのまなざし (2004) 46 応用社会学研究 (The Journal of Applied Sociology) 77 CiNii Rikkyo
* Renewed popularity of Japanese pop songs in South Korea sparks new era of cultural appreciation. NHK World-Japan. 13 February 2025.
* 特集・昭和レトロ①岩手に残る昭和の面影. TVi News NNN. 4 February 2025.
* 【昭和100年】特集・昭和レトロ③懐かしさ感じさせる「喫茶店＆温泉」. TVi News NNN. 18 February 2025.

1. ^ a b c Showa Nostalgia. NHK World-Japan. Broadcast 2 March 2024.
2. ^ a b 「良き時代への懐古」が意味するもの——『昭和ノスタルジアとは何か』. 好書好日. 7/1/2021.
3. ^ a b c d Japan is nostalgic for a past that was in part worse than its present. The Economist. 22 June 2023.
4. ^ New era aside, Showa nostalgia continues to keep rolling along. The Japan Times. 20 July 2019.
5. ^ a b The Showa Revival in Japan: Why It's Happening and Where to Get Your Retro Fix. Tokyo Weekender. 16 June 2017.
6. ^ a b なぜ昭和レトロな商品やサービスがヒットするのか 「写ルンです」や「商店街」など. News ポストセブン. 11/10/2021.
7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Kohei Takano. 昭和レトロはどこへ行く——令和の若者にウケるわけ. Chūō Kōron. 10 May 2024.
8. ^ a b c もはや「レトロブーム」自体が懐かしい. Yomiuri Shimbun. 19 April 2024.
9. ^ a b c 令和の若者には新鮮「昭和レトロ」...純喫茶のクリームソーダやプリン人気、花柄グラス復刻. Yomiuri Shimbun. 11 April 2024.
10. ^ a b Japan's magazines get misty-eyed over Showa Era brothels. The Japan Times. 4 March 2017.
11. ^ The Showa days: Were they really that good?. The Japan Times. 26 August 2004.
12. ^ 「ネオ昭和」インフルエンサーの阪田マリンが語る 恋・ファッション・映画. AERA dot. 20 March 2023.
13. ^ 昭和レトロなLINEスタンプの人気拡大 制作者も予想外の驚き. マネーポストWEB, from Shogakukan. 27 September 2021.
14. ^ 黒柳徹子にも影響を与えた“カワイイの生みの親”内藤ルネの功績. マネーポストWEB, from Shogakukan. 23 September 2021.
15. ^ a b 令和に復刻した「昭和レトロ」にZ世代も昭和世代もメロメロ！その理由は？. AERA dot. 21 September 2024.
16. ^ a b たまごっち、写ルンです... 昭和から平成、レトロを楽しむZ世代. Mainichi Shimbun. 30 October 2021.
17. ^ 「昭和LOVE」な外国人が大集合！ 下町、屋台、自転車...新年一発目「YOUは何しに日本へ？」1月6日OA. iza. 3 January 2025.
18. ^ 外国人を魅了「昭和レトロ喫茶」 モーニング目当てに殺到 行脚で新たな魅力発見も. テレ朝news. TV Asahi. 23 November 2024.
19. ^ 壮絶な奪い合い...世界が恋する日本の中古品：ガイアの夜明け. TV Tokyo. 13 September 2024.
20. ^ Retro cafes bring sips of nostalgia to Japan's social media-driven youth. Kyodo News. 20 January 2025.
21. ^ Sandra Buckley. "nostalgia boom". The Encyclopedia of Contemporary Japanese Culture. Routledge. 2002. Taylor & Francis e-Library. 2006. p 365.
22. ^ a b 【酒井惇一・昔の農村・今の世の中】第40回 「大正は遠くなりにけり」はどこへ？. JAcom. 14 February 2019.
23. ^ 昭和レトロブームは1971年に始まった. Shūkan Bunshun. 15 February 2025.
24. ^ a b Japan's Showa Retro Boom: Nostalgia, Local Identity, and The Resurgence of Kamadogami Masks In the Nation's Northeast (2011) 44 The Journal of Popular Culture 1307
25. ^ Kumiko Aoki. 変わりゆく「昭和30年代ブーム」 : キッチュからイデオロギーへ (2011) 32 社会学論考 83. CiNii.
26. ^ a b Hidaka, Japanese Media at the Beginning of the 21st Century, 2017, PT267.
27. ^ 若者の流行は「平成レトロ」へ。ミレニアル世代のノスタルジーをくすぐるコンテンツまとめ. Backyard, IMJ Corporation. 17 December 2019.
28. ^ a b c Hidaka, Japanese Media at the Beginning of the 21st Century, 2017, PT21.
29. ^ なぜ今昭和に心惹かれるのか : 映画『ALWAYS 三丁目の夕日』に見る昭和ブーム (2008) 3 表現文化 96. Departmental Bulletin Paper, Osaka City University. CiNii.
30. ^ Everyday Life, Washed in the Colors of Memory. The New York Times. 14 March 2013.
31. ^ From Up On Poppy Hill is rich in nostalgia. The Georgia Straight. 21 March 2013.
32. ^ A Valentine to a Vanished Era. Animation Magazine. 14 December 2012.
33. ^ Persistently Postwar: Media and the Politics of Memory in Japan. 2019. p 123.
34. ^ Hidaka, Japanese Media at the Beginning of the 21st Century, 2017, chapter 4.
35. ^ 1970年"大阪万博"を描くドラマ『万博の太陽』に23歳人気インフルエンサーが魅せられた！「学校で見せるべき」. テレ朝POST, from TV Asahi. 21 March 2024.
36. ^ テレビ試写室：橋本環奈×中園ミホ「万博の太陽」 「人間洗濯機」の再現度に驚き キュートな昭和レトロファッションも. Mantanweb. 24 March 2024.
37. ^ 橋本環奈主演『万博の太陽』場面写真が先行公開「太陽の塔」前のコンパニオン集合写真、ポニテ、振り袖など"昭和レトロ"な11カット. TVLIFE web. 3 March 2024.
38. ^ "テレビメディアの過剰なコンプライアンスに警鐘を鳴らす" [A warning about over-excessive compliance in television media]. Mita Hyoron 三田評論. Keio University. 2024-09-02.
39. ^ 『不適切にも』TVにとっての"コンプラ"現在地. Toyo Keizai online. 15 February 2024.
40. ^ "あやうさ"と"笑顔"がたっぷり、「痛快なりゆき番組 風雲！たけし城」 に見る昭和のテレビが面白かった理由. WEBザテレビジョン. 25 February 2023.
41. ^ 昭和の「懐かし番組」まとめて放送 スカパー！で11月開始. Sankei Shimbun. 26 October 2021.
42. ^ Naman Ramachandran. Amazon Japan Reboots 'Takeshi's Castle,' Sets 'Modern Love Tokyo,' 'Bake Off,' Live Boxing. Variety. 30 March 2022.
43. ^ South Korean fans soak up nostalgia with vintage Japanese superheroes. France 24. 24 February 2025. From AFP.
44. ^ 「昭和100年映画祭」名作42本を特集上映 木村大作による予告編解禁 岩下志麻“姐さん”の27年ぶり舞台あいさつも決定. Sanyo Shimbun. 28 February 2025.
45. ^ 昭和の名作一挙上映「昭和100年映画祭」 ユーチューブで関連作品を大公開. Zak II (Zakzak). 26 March 2025.
46. ^ 日本のシティ・ポップが世界で大ブームのワケを追え！. NHK. 28 July 2023. Archive.
47. ^ As to nostalgie and city pop, see 日本の「シティポップ」が、香港で新たな音楽ジャンルに姿を変えていた. COURRiER Japon. 24 January 2024.
48. ^ a b 坂本つとむやシティーポップ、「ふてほど」のヒットから再生のキーワードは1980年代？！/芸能ショナイ業務話. Sankei Sports. 11 April 2024.
49. ^ Viral dance crazes highlight a generational shift. The Japan Times. 21 October 2017.
50. ^ 歌って味わう!昭和レトロポップス (4)シンガーソングライターの時代. NHK. 23 August 2023.
51. ^ 80年代ヒット曲がうけるワケ NHKBS「歌える！J－POP」長尾賢治プロデューサーが語る. Nikkan Sports. 15 April 2023.
52. ^ a b 「ザ・ベストテン」まるごと再放送 若者にも昭和歌謡ブーム 「マツコ」で手応え. Sponichi Annex. 29 May 2020.
53. ^ 令和に熱い、みんな歌える「昭和歌謡」 若者がネットで拡散・共有. Sankei Shimbun. 22 October 2020.
54. ^ 昭和歌謡・ポップスにスポットが当たる理由 当時を知るヒットメーカー「今の若い人たちに響くのは当然かも」. Radio Kansei. 6 June 2023.
55. ^ a b 松田聖子と中森明菜が2トップ...韓国に空前の日本歌謡ブームで商機到来！. Nikkan Gendai. 16 October 2024.
56. ^ 韓国でも再燃、日本の昭和アイドル K-POPガールズグループが松田聖子「青い珊瑚礁」熱唱で話題 南野陽子、マッチにも熱視線. ZAKZAK. 27 August 2024.
57. ^ 韓国で昭和歌謡ブーム!? NewJeansハニ・住田愛子らが歌う80年代ヒット曲に注目. Radio Kansai. 23 July 2024.
58. ^ 松田聖子、中森明菜、チェッカーズ...韓国の若者が「日本の昭和アイドル」に夢中になっているワケ〈今年最も愛された昭和の名曲グランプリ2024 きょう放送〉. AERA dot. 24 December 2024.
59. ^ S.Korea embraces retro Japanese pop music. NHK. 14 November 2024.
60. ^ In harmony: How retro Japanese pop strikes a chord in South Korea. NHK. 27 November 2024.
61. ^ 美空ひばり、山口百恵、大橋純子、チェッカーズ、来生たかお...懐かしの歌謡曲売れ筋ランキング. AERA dot. 20 July 2024.
62. ^ 昭和歌謡ブームを後押しする最旬の4組、 Night Tempo、ClariS、武藤彩未、The Biscats. ENTAME next. 10/9/2023.
63. ^ 【ClariS】の『淋しい熱帯魚』は、Winkを敬愛した表現力の結晶だ. アニメージュ+ (Animage Plus). 21 June 2023.
64. ^ 민희진 대표가 직접 밝힌 하니의 '푸른 산호초' 열풍 비결은..."예상치 못 한 카타르시스". Chosun. 2 July 2024.
65. ^ NewJeans' Hanni brings 'Blue Coral Reef' fever to Korea, Japan. The Chosun Daily. 3 July 2024.
66. ^ a b NewJeans' 'Blue Coral Reef' cover spurs retro consumption in Japan. The Korea Times. 24 July 2024.
67. ^ Cover of 'Aoi Sangoshou' by NewJeans' Hanni sends track up charts. Korea JoongAng Daily. 2 July 2024.
68. ^ Think the U.S. Is Having a '90s Nostalgia Craze? Take a Look at Japan. The Atlantic. 1 July 2013.
69. ^ AKBを"おニャン子"に当てはめると？大島優子は新田恵利！. ZAKZAK. 11 June 2012.
70. ^ おニャン子クラブとAKB48、ファンの"熱量"の違い. Oricon News. 5 April 2015.
71. ^ 「め組のひと」「ダンシングヒーロー」TikTokを中心に、若い世代に支持される昭和歌謡の懐かしソング. Fujin Kōron. 5 February 2023.
72. ^ 今年海外でもっとも再生された日本の楽曲は？Spotifyが2022年振り返るランキング発表. Natalie. 7 December 2022.
73. ^ 「中森明菜」や「中島みゆき」の人気曲に世代間で大きな差が！ 平成生まれのカラオケ愛好家らと、人気の昭和曲ランキングを考察. "Daily Shincho" from Shinchosha. 1 December 2024.
74. ^ 読者2000人が選んだ昭和の名曲—フォーク・ロック・ポップス部門ベスト50を発表. Sankei Shimbun. 10 October 2024.
75. ^ 国民の生投票で今夜決定！"今年最も愛された昭和の名曲"グランプリが発表. テレ朝POST, from TV Asahi. 24 December 2024.
76. ^ 4月29日は昭和の日！80年代の女性アイドルに平成生まれの若者はなぜ憧れるのか？. Re:minder. 29 April 2023.
77. ^ ベイサイドヨコハマで「みなと縁日」-昭和レトロを再現. ヨコハマ経済新聞 (Yokohama Keizai Shimbun). 12 March 2012.
78. ^ キャンディーズの再現プロジェクト「バンディーズ」－横須賀ライブが好評. 横須賀経済新聞 (Yokosuka Keizai Shimbun). 30 November 2011.
79. ^ 70年代の歌謡アイドルを再現－「BEST☆TEN」、横須賀でデビューライブ. 横須賀経済新聞 (Yokosuka Keizai Shimbun). 14 May 2012.
80. ^ 日本コロムビアから蓄音機型スピーカー。東京ブギウギ、別れのブルースなど50曲内蔵. AV Watch, from Impress Watch. 13 February 2024.
81. ^ タマならぬミケ…Mi-Keの深遠なパロディ精神. BARKS. 13 January 2008.
82. ^ BMG Japan catalogue number BVCR-2305
83. ^ Hidaka, Japanese Media at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Consuming the Past, Routledge, 2017, PT21, PT103 & PT138.
84. ^ 「少しダサいけど...」昭和レトロが人気"手のひら大"アーケードゲーム機も. 日テレNews NNN. 31 January 2022.
85. ^ For other reduced size versions, see 懐かしいぞこの筐体！レトロゲームを3/4スケールのアーケード筐体で遊べる家庭用「ARCADE1UP」発売. Japaaan Magazine.
86. ^ マリオにドラクエ、"レトロ"ゲームは売り上げ3倍超 ブックオフの売れ筋はレアとは限らず. AERA dot. 2/11/2023.
87. ^ a b 昭和レトロが心地よい. AERA dot.
88. ^ Retro Japanese video games enjoy intergenerational revival. Kyodo News. 25 February 2024.
89. ^ Tokyo: Showa-era Toys Offer Nostalgic Play at Tokyo Museum. The Japan News. 25 January 2023.
90. ^ As to celluloid dolls, see Fainges, "Japan", Celluloid Dolls of the World, 2000, pp 81 to 104, and passim.
91. ^ 2024年は「昭和・平成おもちゃ」の最新版が話題 - クリスマスおもちゃのトレンドを発表. マイナビニュース. 4 December 2024.
92. ^ 進化系ベイブレードやSNS映えリカちゃん…クリスマス玩具はレトロや大人向けがトレンド. Sankei Shimbun. 3 December 2024.
93. ^ 懐かし家電「ザ・昭和」が好調 タカラトミーアーツの狙い的中. Nikkei Xtrend (日経クロストレンド). 20 May 2019.
94. ^ Miniature retro Showa Era fans become nostalgic delight in Japan. Japan Today. 4 June 2019.
95. ^ 『ザ・昭和シリーズ』新作 ミニチュアの『昭和扇風機』発売！. Animage Plus. 27 May 2019.
96. ^ Remembering the Oriental Witches: Sports, Gender and Shōwa Nostalgia in the NHK Narratives of the Tokyo Olympics (2013) 16 Social Science Japan Journal 235
97. ^ Hidaka. Japanese Media at the Beginning of the 21st Century. 2017. PT22.
98. ^ Showa Day: Fashion Items That Have Persisted Through Time. Japan Forward. 29 April 2023.
99. ^ As to 1950s to 1980s retro fashion, see レトロファッションが流行中！ 今っぽいレトロコーディネートのお手本22選とおすすめブランド5選【50/60/70/80年代】. ELLEgirl (Japan). 30 May 2022.
100. ^ Japanese Sneakers Making their Presence Known with Innovative Designs; Drawing on Retro Inspiration for New Styles. The Japan News. 31 October 2024.
101. ^ Japan's most state-of-the-art vintage Showa clothing shop opens online. Sora News 24. 8 March 2022.
102. ^ Bright Lights, Big Shoulder Pads: A Timid Japan Recalls Its Bubble Era. The New York Times. 6 April 2018.
103. ^ 中森明菜が中国でブーム再燃中 SNSで動画拡散「儚さゆえの美しさ」が人気. News ポストセブン. 19 March 2022.
104. ^ 映画の上映に熱狂の声続出...伝説のアイドル「中森明菜」が令和の若者にも支持されている理由. 現代ビジネス. 23 June 2023.
105. ^ 中森明菜の好きなヘアスタイル・ ランキング！"サイド外巻き"は2位、気になる『DESIRE』ヘアの人気度. 週刊女性Prime. 1 May 2022.
106. ^ ドラマ『不適切にもほどがある！』で再注目の「聖子ちゃんカット」有村架純・浜辺美波・橋本環奈らも過去作で経験した伝説の髪型の魅力. 週刊女性Prime. 3 March 2024.
107. ^ 女子に人気の「韓国最新ヘア」は「聖子ちゃん」「ファラ・フォーセット」の応用版？ 昭和レトロに脚光. Radio Kansai. 15 February 2022.
108. ^ 【最恐】アイパーリーゼントをかけたら迫力がヤバ過ぎた / 狂気と哀愁を漂わせる昭和的ツッパリスタイルが最高にナウい！. RocketNews24. 4 August 2021.
109. ^ Millennials and Gen Zers Behind Japan's Latest Kissaten Revival. Tokyo Weekender. 13 April 2022.
110. ^ Showa seduction: The unending attraction of retro Japan. The Japan Times. 24 April 2023.
111. ^ Tokyo: Revived Showa Era Glasses a Hit with Young People. The Japan News, from the Yomiuri Shimbun. 24 July 2023.
112. ^ ＜昭和レトロ探訪＞（8）石塚硝子の復刻したガラス食器（岩倉市）. Chunichi Shimbun. 7 May 2023.
113. ^ McDonald's Japan goes old-school with new Showa-era Kissa Mac sweets lineup. Japan Today. 21 April 2023.
114. ^ a b いまも現役！全国の「昭和レトロ商店街」を巡る旅 歴史が積み重なった佇まいと人の温もりを感じられる7選. News ポストセブン. 4 March 2024.
115. ^ Tokyo: Retro Shopping Street Offers Taste of 1950s Japan. The Japan News. 5 July 2023.
116. ^ ＜昭和レトロ探訪＞ （4）せと末広町商店街（瀬戸市）. Chunichi Shimbun. 3 May 2023.
117. ^ Z世代から「エモい」 昭和で"若返った"西武園ゆうえんちの戦術. Nikkei Business. 20 September 2021.
118. ^ Saitama's Seibuen Amusement Park Wows with Nostalgic Showa-Era Makeover. Japan Forward. 16 July 2021.
119. ^ Retro Showa Era Vending Machines Given New Life in Kanagawa. The Japan News. 22 January 2024.
120. ^ Retro vending machines: Insert coins and relive memories of old. The Asahi Shimbun. 19 November 2024.
121. ^ ガチで、進化！レトロ愛 「写ルンです」や歌謡曲…タイパやコスパでは測れない魅力に若者夢中. Chunichi Shimbun. 5 January 2025.
122. ^ For the Type 4 telephone, see Type 4 Telephone Set (1952)
123. ^ Retro Japan: Disposable Cameras Back in Style - Dig More Japan. NHK World-Japan. 2022.
124. ^ カセットテープ再ブーム時代に「カセットテープ型2.5インチドライブケース」を衝動買い. ASCII.14 April 2022.
125. ^ Z世代にウケる昭和レトロ アナログレコードに魅せられて. San-in Chuo Shimpo. 1 January 2025.
126. ^ 世代を超えるジュークボックスの魅力 札幌で発見. NHK北海道WEB. 20 June 2024.
127. ^ 人々を癒やしてくれる、懐かしの音楽たち 昭和レトロの魅力をもう一度！ジュークボックスの修理屋さん. BS Asahi. 27 April 2024.
128. ^ Still spinning hits: 45-year-old jukebox in west Japan park booms in popularity. The Mainichi. 28 November 2021.
129. ^ A uniquely Japanese take on nostalgia. BBC. 20 January 2020.
130. ^ 昭和レトロな新型車=創業55年記念の「M55」—光岡自動車. Jiji. 21 November 2024.
131. ^ 70年代の"GTカー"が令和に復活!? 限定100台のミツオカ「M55ゼロエディション」ついに登場. Vague. 23 November 2024.
132. ^ Mitsuoka Motor Launches Limited Run of M55 Concept Car; 100 Retro Inspired Vehicles to be Sold for ¥8.08 Million Each. The Japan News. 22 November 2024.
133. ^ ＜昭和レトロ探訪＞ （7）クラシックカー収集家・石川昭さん（豊田市）. Chunichi Shimbun. 6 May 2023.
134. ^ 昭和レトロもはやビンテージ品 古さに価値、値段高騰. The Nikkei. 31 January 2023.
135. ^ Showa-era retro items popular as Christmas gifts on flea market app Mercari in Japan. Mainichi Shimbun. 19 December 2022.
136. ^ 芸術さんぽ 昭和レトロ商品博物館（東京都青梅市） 「あの頃」を思い出す /東京. Mainichi Shimbun. 26 May 2023.
137. ^ 昭和レトログッズいっぱい 札幌の私設博物館「レトロスペース・坂会館」開業30周年. Hokkaido Shimbun. 20 November 2024.
138. ^ "昭和レトロ"を感じさせる食器等集めた展示会 1000点以上並ぶ 愛知・北名古屋市 昭和日常博物館. Tōkai Television Broadcasting. 16 May 2024.