Sharpness

This article is about the English port of Sharpness. For other uses, see Sharpness (disambiguation).

Human settlement in England

Sharpness

The main dock

Sharpness

Location within Gloucestershire

OS grid reference| ST675024
Civil parish|

* Hinton

District|

* Stroud

Shire county|

* Gloucestershire

Region|

* South West

Country| England
Sovereign state| United Kingdom
Post town| BERKELEY
Postcode district| GL13
Dialling code| 01453
Police| Gloucestershire
Fire| Gloucestershire
Ambulance| South Western
UK Parliament|

* Stroud

List of places

England
Gloucestershire

51°43′23″N 2°28′41″W﻿ / ﻿51.723°N 2.478°W﻿ / 51.723; -2.478

Sharpness (/ʃɑːrpˈnɛs/ sharp-NESS) is an English port in Gloucestershire, one of the most inland in Britain, and eighth largest in the South West England region. It is on the River Severn at grid reference SO669027, at a point where the tidal range, though less than at Avonmouth downstream (14 metres (46 ft) typical spring tide), is still large (10 metres (33 ft) typical spring).

There is a small community of approximately 100 residents directly adjacent to the port, in addition to the subvillage of Newtown approximately 0.5 miles to the south-east. Four miles to the south lies the small town of Berkeley.

## Docks[edit]

Sharpness docks began as a basin giving access to the Gloucester and Sharpness Canal.[1] There were no port facilities at Sharpness itself and all traffic proceeded up the canal to Gloucester. The original Old Dock opened, with the canal, in 1827.[2] The dock was separated from the Severn by a lock gate. The level of the basin varied for the hour or two for which the gate was open and so it was isolated from the canal by a lock with two gates. This lock was improved over time, expanding to be a ship lock of 163 ft length and 38 ft breadth and a smaller lock for trows of 81 ft and 19 ft.[2] An intermediate lock gate was also provided in the larger lock, allowing shorter vessels to pass through more quickly and with less water consumption. A house for the Harbour Master was provided on the seaward dockside alongside the river gate. Today the Severn Area Rescue Association maintain a rescue station in the old house.

The size of the Old Dock became a drawback for increasingly large ships and so in 1874 a floating New Dock was opened to the South.[3] This had several advantages over the Old Dock: its entrance was now through a tidal basin and a large lock. This gave a constant water level within the dock, matching that of the canal, and so no locks were needed between dock and canal, encouraging traffic. The lock was 320 ft long and 57 ft wide. For ships longer than this, the basin itself could also be used as a lock.[3] A graving dock was provided parallel to the lock. This constant level encouraged the building of wharves and warehouses. With the new rail connections available to Bristol, Sharpness also developed as a port in its own right. At first the only stone quay was on the landward side of the dock, but after a railway swing bridge was built across the dock, the island area between the two docks also developed as a quayside.[3]

In typical fashion for the competing pre-Grouping railway companies, there were not only two railway lines into Sharpness, but there were even two separate bridges across the dock: the Midland Railway's low level bridge from the south east to Berkeley, and the Great Western's high level bridge from the north and across the Severn.[1] The line to the south was the Sharpness branch of the Bristol and Gloucester Railway, by this time part of the Midland, and opened on 2 August 1875.[4] Although this line left Sharpness to the south, it joined the main line facing North. The northerly route across the bridge opened on 17 October 1879.[4] An important development was on 19 March 1908 when a short Great Western line to the south of the previous junction formed the Berkeley triangle, giving a direct route to the Great Western main lines, and thus Bristol, through the Westerleigh Loop.[5][note 1]

After the New Dock was opened, the Old Dock and its cumbersome lock access to the canal was used less and less. From 1908 the old entrance was abandoned and the Old Dock became used for ship repair. After age, storm and tide damage led to the gates being removed and sealed permanently in the 1990s,[2] the dock water level was raised to that of the canal and the locks could also be abandoned.

Just north of Sharpness the river and canal were crossed by the Severn Railway Bridge, until it was damaged beyond repair by a barge collision in 1960. The bridge was locally convenient, schoolchildren crossing the river to go to school, but it was soon superseded for long-distance travel by the double tracked Severn Tunnel on the faster and more direct route between Bristol or London and Cardiff.

Proposals to reinstate a river-crossing at this point are frequently made especially by the local authorities in Lydney, which lies almost opposite Sharpness.

The Port Authority for the impounded dock is Canal & River Trust, but the quayside activities are run by Sharpness Dock Limited. The competent (statutory) harbour authority for the river from the Severn Road Bridges up to Sharpness and on to Gloucester is Gloucester Harbour Trustees \- they are responsible for navigation aids in the channel and for the provision of pilots. Pilotage up the river is compulsory (except for exemption holders) for all vessels over 30 metres length overall.

Between 1939 and 1966, the demasted sailing ship Vindicatrix was moored in the Old Dock as a training hulk for the Merchant Navy.[6]

Seafarers' welfare charity Apostleship of the Sea, which provides practical and pastoral support to seafarers, has a port chaplain who covers Sharpness.

## Railway links[edit]

* v
* t
* e

Sharpness branch line

For canal icons used below, please refer to waterways legend instead.

* * *

Legend

|  |  |

|  | Dean Forest Railway

(To Parkend)

|
|
|
|

|  |

|  | Severn Bridge
|  |

|  | Gloucester–Newport line

(From Newport to Gloucester)

|  |

|  | Severn Railway Bridge over River Severn

(Dismantled 1970)

|  |

|  | Swing bridge over Gloucester and Sharpness Canal
|  |

|  | Sharpness Old Port
|  |

|  |
|  |

|  | Sharpness

(closed 1964)

|  |

|  | Sharpness Docks
|  |

|  | New Docks Branch
|  |

|  | Sharpness New Port
|  |

|  |
|  |

|  |
|  |

|  | Berkeley

(closed 1964)

|  |

|  | Cross Country Route

(To Gloucester)

|  |

|  |
|  |

|  | Berkeley Road

(closed 1965)

|  |

|  | Berkeley Loop
|  |

|  | Cross Country Route

(To Bristol)

|  |  |  |  |  |

The port remains connected to the main Gloucester to Bristol railway line with its junction at the site of the former Berkeley Road railway station. The line is rarely used (if ever) although a steam special visited the line in April 2007, making two journeys from Gloucester. The locomotive (The Lancashire Fusilier) ran round its train using the loop at Sharpness. From the branch line, protected by locked gates, rails remain in situ around the docks and are linked to the line from Berkeley Road, however the condition of the track makes it look unlikely that any of them are usable. This is due to change as the Vale Of Berkeley Railway, a charitable trust, has begun restoration work on the sidings and has plans to eventually run trains again between Sharpness and Berkeley Road, where the line joins the main Bristol-Gloucester line.

## In popular culture[edit]

The final episode of the third series of teenage drama Skins was filmed on location in Sharpness.

## References[edit]

1. ^ Westerleigh Loop, and the opportunity it gave the Great Western for a route between Bristol and Birmingham, would be a cause of legal contention between the GWR and the Midland for some years. See Westerleigh Junction.[5]

1. ^ a b Hugh Conway-Jones. "Sharpness Docks". www.gloucesterdocks.me.uk.
2. ^ a b c Hugh Conway-Jones. "Sharpness Old Dock". www.gloucesterdocks.me.uk.
3. ^ a b c Hugh Conway-Jones. "Sharpness New Docks". www.gloucesterdocks.me.uk.
4. ^ a b Maggs, Colin G. (1992). The Bristol and Gloucester Railway and the Avon and Gloucestershire Railway (2nd ed.). Oakwood Press. p. 33\. ISBN 0-85361-435-0.
5. ^ a b Maggs 1992, pp. 33, 35
6. ^ Hugh Conway-Jones. "Training Ship Vindicatrix". www.gloucesterdocks.me.uk.

## External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sharpness, Gloucestershire.

* [1] [2] [3] Time-lapse videos of changing tides
* BBC archive film of Sharpness from 1978

* v
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Settlements on the River Severn between Gloucester and Bristol (heading downstream)

* Gloucester
* Minsterworth
* Framilode
* Newnham
* Arlingham
* Frampton
* Awre
* Purton (east bank)
* Purton (west bank)
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England|

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Wales|

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Northern Ireland|

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Crown Dependencies|

* Braye
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* v
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Transport in Gloucestershire

Road|

| Motorways|

* M4
* M5
* M32
* M48
* M49
* M50

|

A-roads|

* A38
* A40
* A46
* A48
* A403
* A417
* A419
* A429
* A431
* A432
* A433
* A466
* A4032
* A4103
* A4135
* A4136
* A4174

Service stations|

* Gloucester services
* Michaelwood services
* Severn View services

Other|

* B4008
* E30
* Icknield Street
* Westgate Street

Airports and heliports|

* Cotswold Airport
* Gloucestershire Airport
* Cheltenham Racecourse Heliport

Rail|

| Main lines|

* Cotswold Line
* Cross Country Route
* Gloucester-Newport line
* Golden Valley line
* Henbury Loop line

|

Closed lines|

* Avon and Gloucestershire Railway
* Banbury and Cheltenham Direct Railway
* Bicslade Tramroad (Tram)
* Bristol and Gloucester Railway
* Bristol and Gloucestershire Railway
* Bullo Pill Railway
* Cheltenham and District Light Railway
* Cheltenham and Great Western Union Railway
* Cirencester branch line
* Coleford Railway
* Coleford, Monmouth, Usk and Pontypool Railway
* Dursley and Midland Junction Railway
* Evesham loop line
* Forest of Dean Central Railway
* Forest of Dean Railway
* Gloucester and Cheltenham Tramroad (Tram)
* Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway
* Ledbury and Gloucester Railway
* Midland and South Western Junction Railway
* Mitcheldean Road & Forest of Dean Junction Railway
* Monmouth Railway
* Oxford, Witney and Fairford Railway
* Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway
* Severn and Wye Railway
* Severn Bridge Railway
* Sharpness Branch Line
* South Wales Railway
* Stonehouse and Nailsworth Railway
* Stratford and Moreton Tramway (Tram)
* Tetbury branch line
* Tewkesbury and Malvern Railway
* Wye Valley Railway

Stations|

* Ashchurch for Tewkesbury
* Cam and Dursley
* Cheltenham Spa
* Gloucester
* Kemble
* Lydney
* Moreton-in-Marsh
* Pilning
* Stonehouse
* Stroud

Closed stations|

* Adlestrop
* Andoversford and Dowdeswell
* Andoversford Junction
* Awre for Blakeney
* Badminton
* Barbers Bridge
* Berkeley
* Berkeley Road
* Bilson Halt
* Bishops Cleeve
* Blaisdon Halt
* Bourton-on-the-Water
* Bowbridge Crossing Halt
* Brimscombe Bridge Halt
* Brimscombe
* Bullo Cross Halt
* Cam
* Cashes Green Halt
* Chalford
* Charfield
* Charlton Kings
* Charlton Halt
* Chipping Sodbury
* Chedworth Halt
* Cheltenham High Street Halt
* Cheltenham High Street
* Cheltenham Leckhampton
* Cheltenham Spa Malvern Road
* Cheltenham Spa St. James
* Chepstow East
* Chesterton Lane Halt
* Chipping Campden
* Churchdown
* Cinderford New
* Cirencester Town
* Cirencester Watermoor
* Cleeve
* Downfield Crossing Halt
* Drybrook Road
* Dudbridge
* Dursley
* Dymock
* Ebley Crossing Halt
* Fairford
* Foss Cross
* Four Oaks Halt
* Frocester
* Gloucester Eastgate
* Grange Court
* Greenway Halt
* Gretton Halt
* Hallen Halt
* Ham Mill Halt
* Haresfield
* Hayles Abbey Halt
* Henbury
* Iron Acton
* Jackament's Bridge Halt
* Laverton Halt
* Lechlade
* Longhope
* Lydbrook Junction
* Malswick Halt
* Mangotsfield
* Mickleton Halt
* Nailsworth
* Netherhope Halt]
* New Passage Halt
* New Passage Pier
* Newent
* Newnham
* North Filton Platform
* Notgrove
* Park Leaze Halt
* Redbrook on Wye
* Rodmarton Platform
* Ruspidge Halt
* Ryeford
* St Mary's Crossing Halt
* Severn Bridge
* Sharpness
* South Cerney
* Speech House Road
* Staple Edge Halt
* Staple Hill
* Stonehouse (Bristol Road)
* Stow-on-the-Wold
* Stroud (Midland)
* Tetbury
* Tetbury Road
* Tewkesbury
* Thornbury
* Tidenham
* Trouble House Halt
* Tutshill for Beachley Halt
* Tytherington
* Upper Soudley Halt
* Warmley
* Weston-sub-Edge
* Wickwar
* Whitecroft
* Willersey Halt
* Winterbourne
* Withington
* Woodchester

Heritage stations|

* Bitton
* Cheltenham Racecourse
* Gotherington
* Hayles Abbey Halt
* Heywood
* Lydney Junction
* Lydney
* Norchard
* Oakiron
* Oldland Common
* Parkend
* Perrygrove
* Rookwood
* St Mary's Halt
* Toddington
* Whitecroft
* Winchcombe

Heritage railways|

* Avon Valley Railway
* Dean Forest Railway
* Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway
* Lea Bailey Light Railway
* Perrygrove Railway
* Toddington Narrow Gauge Railway

Proposed|

* Gloucestershire Parkway

Buses|

| Stations|

* Gloucester Transport Hub

|

Companies|

* First West of England
* Stagecoach West

Waterways|

| Rivers|

* River Avon, Bristol
* River Avon, Warwickshire
* River Boyd
* Bybrook River
* River Cam
* River Chelt
* River Churn
* River Coln
* River Dikler
* River Evenlode
* River Eye
* River Frome, Bristol
* River Frome, Stroud
* Hazel Brook
* River Isbourne
* Lam Brook
* River Leach
* River Leadon
* Little Avon River
* Nailsworth Stream
* Painswick Stream
* River Severn
* Siston Brook
* Stoke Brook
* River Swilgate
* Tetbury Avon
* River Thames
* River Trym
* River Windrush
* River Wye

|

Canals|

* Cinderford Canal
* Coombe Hill Canal
* Gloucester and Sharpness Canal
* Hereford and Gloucester Canal
* Lydney Canal
* Pidcock's Canal
* Stroudwater Navigation
* Thames and Severn Canal

Docks and ports|

* Gloucester Docks
* Sharpness

Footpaths|

| National Trails|

* Cotswold Way
* Thames Path

|

Long-distance footpaths|

* Celtic Way
* Geopark Way
* Gloucestershire Way
* Heart of England Way
* Limestone Link
* Macmillan Way
* Monarch's Way
* Oxfordshire Way
* Sabrina Way
* Severn Way

Other|

* Frome Valley Walkway
* Wysis Way

Cycle paths|

* Route 42
* Route 44

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