Shenyang Mandarin

Northeastern Mandarin dialect of Shenyang, China

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Shenyang Mandarin

瀋陽話 / 沈阳话
Shěnyánghuà
Native to| China
Region| Shenyang

Language family

Sino-Tibetan

* Sinitic
* Chinese
* Mandarin
* Northeastern Mandarin
* Shenyang Mandarin

Language codes
ISO 639-3| –

Linguist List

| `cmn-she`
Glottolog| `shen1252`

Shenyang Mandarin (Chinese: 沈阳话) is a dialect of Northeastern Mandarin used by people in and around Shenyang, the capital of Liaoning province and the largest city in Northeast China. It is very close to Standard Chinese but has some notably distinctive words. Some people consider it a strong accent rather than a distinct dialect. Because of its similarity to the standard language, pinyin can be used to represent its pronunciation. Its usage is dwindling as schools in Shenyang teach only the standard language.

## Phonology

[edit]

Relative pitch changes of the four tones in Standard Chinese. Shenyang diverges the most with tone 1.

Shenyang dialect has 19 initial consonants, as opposed to the 21 in Standard Mandarin. Notably, the retroflex consonants [ʈ͡ʂ], [ʈ͡ʂʰ] and [ʂ] in Standard Mandarin are pronounced as [t͡s], [t͡sʰ] and [s], respectively, while [ɻ] is omitted. While lost in Standard Mandarin, Middle Chinese [ɳ] is preserved in the Shenyang dialect. [v] also exists in the Shenyang dialect.[1]

Initial consonants, Shenyang dialect | Labial | Alveolar | Dental sibilants  | Palatal | Velar

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Stops | unaspirated | p | t | t͡s | t͡ɕ | k
aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | t͡sʰ | t͡ɕʰ | kʰ
Nasals | m | n |  | ɳ |
Fricatives | f | v | s | ɕ | x
Approximants |  | l |  |  |

Standard Mandarin diphthongs tend to be pronounced as monophthongs in the Shenyang dialect. For example, [ai] becomes [æ], and [au] becomes [ɔ].[1]

The most distinctive aspect of the Shenyang dialect is the much lower pitch of the first tone than in Standard Mandarin. It would be positioned at 2, rather than 5, on the chart shown (right). As a result, it can sound rather like the third tone.

Like the Beijing dialect, the Shenyang dialect is characterized by erhua (儿化).

## Vocabulary

[edit]

Some of the words in the Shenyang dialect come from other languages like the Manchu language. One example is 旮旯儿 gālár 'corner'.

Examples of words in various Northeastern dialects (not necessarily specific to Shenyang) include:

Northeastern Mandarin | pinyin | Standard Mandarin | pinyin | Translation

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不赶趟儿 | bù gǎntàngr | 来不及 | lái bù jí | too late
波楞盖儿 | bōlingàr | 膝盖 | xīgài | kneecap
疙瘩、圪塔[citation needed] | gāda | 地方 | dìfang | place (noun)
得瑟 | dèse | 卖弄 | màinòng | to show off
老鼻子（了） | lǎobízi(le) | 很多 | hěnduō | a lot
埋汰 | máitai | 脏 | zāng | dirty, filthy
嘎哈 | gàhá | 干什么 、干嘛 | gànshénme, gànmá | What are you doing?
砢碜 | kēchen, kēzhen | 丑、难看 | chǒu, nánkàn | ugly, hideous
老 | lǎo | 很 | hěn | very
贼 | zéi | 特别 | tèbié | exceedingly
毙 | bì | 棒 | bàng | good, excellent
蚂蛉 | māling | 蜻蜓 | qīngtíng | dragonfly
嘎赌 | gàdu | 打赌 | dǎdǔ | to bet

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Meng, Xiangyu 孟祥宇 (2011). "Shěnyáng fāngyán yīn xì gàishuō" 沈阳方言音系概说. Yǔwén xuékān 语文学刊. 2011 (2): 31–33.

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Sino-Tibetan branches

Western Himalayas (Himachal,
Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim)|

* West Himalayish
* Tamangic
* Newaric
* Newar
* Baram–Thangmi
* Kiranti
* Dhimalish
* Dhimal
* Toto
* Lhokpu
* Lepcha

| Greater Magaric|

* Magaric
* Magar
* Kham
* Chepangic
* Chepang
* Bhujel
* Raji–Raute
* Dura–Tandrange

|

Eastern Himalayas
(Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal)|

* Bodish
* Tibetic
* East Bodish
* Tshangla
* Basum
* Nam?
* Gongduk
* ʼOle
* Tani
* Chamdo

Myanmar and Indo-
Burmese border|

* Karbi
* Kuki-Chin
* Mruic
* Mru
* Hkongso
* Pyu
* Taman

| "Naga"|

* Ao
* Angami–Pochuri
* Meitei
* Tangkhulic
* Zeme

|

Sal|

* Boro–Garo
* Konyak
* Jingpho–Luish

East and Southeast Asia|

* Sinitic
* Bai
* Tujia
* Nungish
* Karenic
* Gong
* Kathu
* Cai–Long
* Caijia
* Longjia–Luren

| Burmo-Qiangic|

* Qiangic
* Gyalrongic
* Ersuic
* Naic
* Lolo-Burmese
* Mondzish
* Burmish
* Loloish

|

Dubious (possible
isolates) (Arunachal)|

* Hrusish
* Hruso
* Mijiic
* Kho-Bwa
* Puroik
* Miju–Meyor
* Songlin

| Greater Siangic|

* Siangic
* Koro
* Milang
* Idu–Taraon

|

Proposed groupings|

* Central Tibeto-Burman
* Kuki-Chin–Naga
* Macro-Bai
* Mahakiranti
* Rung
* Tibeto-Burman
* Tibeto-Kanauri

Proto-languages|

* Proto-Sino-Tibetan
* Proto-Tibeto-Burman
* Proto-Loloish
* Proto-Karenic
* Proto-Min
* Proto-Hakka

Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.

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Chinese language

Sinitic languages

Major linguistic groups

| Mandarin|

| Northeastern|

* Changchun
* Harbin
* Shenyang
* Taz

|

Beijing|

* Beijing
* Taiwan

Jilu|

* Tianjin
* Jinan

Jiaoliao|

* Dalian
* Qingdao
* Weihai

Central Plains|

* Dongping
* Gangou
* Guanzhong
* Xi'an
* Luoyang
* Xuzhou
* Dungan
* Xinjiang

Southwestern|

* Sichuanese
* Chengdu–Chongqing
* (?) Minjiang
* Leshan
* Renshou–Fushun [zh]
* Zigong
* Kunming
* Nanping
* Wuhan
* Gui–Liu
* Wuming

Jianghuai|

* Nanjing
* Nantong
* Nanping

Lanyin|

* Lanzhou dialect [zh]
* Ürümqi dialect [zh]
* Xinjiang

Other|

* Junjiahua
* Qinjiang
* Gyami

Jin|

* Zhangjiakou–Hohhot
* Zhi–Yan

Wu|

| Taihu|

* Shanghai
* Suzhou
* Wuxi
* Changzhou
* (?) Hangzhou
* Shaoxing
* Ningbo
* Jinxiang
* Jiangyin
* Shadi

|

Taizhou Wu|

* Taizhou
* Tiantai

Oujiang|

* Wenzhou
* Rui'an
* Wencheng

Wuzhou|

* Jinhua

Chu–Qu|

* Quzhou
* Jiangshan
* Qingtian

Xuanzhou|

* Xuancheng

Huizhou|

* Ji-She [zh]
* Xiu-Yi [zh]
* Qi-De [zh]
* Yanzhou [zh]
* Jing-Zhan [zh]

Gan|

* Chang–Du
* Nanchang
* Yi–Liu
* Ying–Yi
* Da–Tong

Xiang|

* Changyi
* Changsha
* Loushao
* Shuangfeng
* Xiangxiang
* Wugang
* Ji–Xu
* Yong–Quan
* Qiyang

Min|

| Eastern|

| Houguan [zh]|

* Fuzhou
* Fuqing
* Changle
* Gutian
* Matsu

|

Fu–Ning [zh]|

* Ningde
* Fu'an

Other|

* Manjiang
* Zhongshan
* Longdu
* Nanlang

Pu–Xian|

* Putian
* Xianyou

Southern|

| Hokkien|

* Quanzhou
* Zhangzhou
* Amoy
* Chawan
* Taiwan
* Philippines
* Penang
* Medan
* Singapore
* Southern Malaysia

|

Teochew|

* Swatow
* Haklau
* Pontianak

Zhongshan|

* Sanxiang

Other|

* Zhenan
* Longyan

Leizhou|

* Zhanjiang

Hainan|

* Wenchang
* Haikou
* Banqiao

Inland|

* Northern
* Jian'ou
* Jianyang
* Central
* Shao–Jiang

Hakka|

* Huiyang [zh]
* Changting
* Meixian
* Pontianak
* Singkawang
* Taiwan
* Sixian
* Hailu
* Raoping
* Tingzhou
* Wuhua

Yue|

| Yuehai|

* Guangzhou
* Hong Kong
* Malaysia
* Xiguan
* Jiujiang
* Shiqi
* Weitou
* Dapeng

|

Siyi|

* Taishan
* Xinhui [zh]

Other|

* Gao–Yang
* Goulou
* Wu–Hua
* Yong–Xun
* Luo–Guang
* Qin–Lian

Pinghua|

* Northern Pinghua
* Tongdao
* Younian
* Southern Pinghua
* Yongjiang
* Guandao
* Rongjiang

Unclassified|

* Shaozhou Tuhua
* Xiangnan Tuhua
* Danzhou
* Badong Yao
* Shehua
* Waxiang
* Yeheni
* Huizhou
* Mai
* Laobeizi

(?) Macro-Bai|

* Bai
* Cai-Long
* Caijia
* Longjia
* Luren

Standard forms of Chinese

| Mandarin
(Standard Chinese)|

* Sichuanese
* Taiwanese
* Philippine
* Malaysian
* Singaporean
* Standard

|

Other varieties|

* Cantonese
* Hokkien
* Hakka

History, phonology, and grammar

| History|

* Old Chinese
* Eastern Han
* Middle Chinese
* Old Mandarin
* Middle Mandarin
* Proto-Min
* Proto-Hakka
* Ba–Shu
* Gan

|

Phonology|

* Historical
* Old
* Old National
* Cantonese
* Hokkien
* Northern Wu
* Mandarin
* Literary and colloquial readings

Grammar|

* Numerals
* Classifiers
* Honorifics
* Cantonese grammar
* Classical grammar

Idioms|

* Chengyu
* Xiehouyu

Written Chinese and input methods

| Literary forms|

| Official|

* Classical
* Adoption
* in Japan
* in Vietnam
* Vernacular

|

* Written Cantonese
* Written Dungan
* Written Hokkien
* Written Sichuanese

Scripts|

| Logographic|

| Script styles|

* Oracle bone
* Bronze
* Seal
* Clerical
* Semi-cursive
* Cursive

|

* Chinese characters
* Simplified
* Traditional
* Punctuation

Braille|

* Cantonese
* Mainland Chinese
* Taiwanese
* Two-cell

Phonetic|

* Romanization
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh
* Hanyu Pinyin
* MPS II
* Postal
* Tongyong Pinyin
* Wade–Giles
* EFEO
* Lessing-Othmer
* Yale
* Cyrillization
* Dungan Cyrillic
* Bopomofo
* Cantonese Bopomofo
* Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols
* Taiwanese kana
* Taiwanese Hangul
* Xiao'erjing
* Nüshu

Input methods|

| Logographic|

* Biaoxingma
* Boshiamy [zh]
* Cangjie
* Simplified
* CKC
* Dayi
* Stroke count
* Wubi (Wang Ma)
* ZhengMa
* Q9

|

Pinyin|

* Google
* Microsoft
* Sogou

List of varieties of Chinese

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