Sketches of Spain

1960 studio album by Miles Davis

Sketches of Spain

Studio album by

Miles Davis

Released| July 18, 1960 (1960-07-18)[1]
Recorded| November 15 & 20, 1959 and March 10, 1960
Studio| Columbia 30th Street Studio, New York City
Genre|

* Third stream[2]
* orchestral jazz[3]
* Spanish classical music[4]

Length| 41:39
Label| Columbia
Producer| Teo Macero
Miles Davis chronology
| Workin' with the Miles Davis Quintet
(1960)  | Sketches of Spain
(1960)  | Steamin' with the Miles Davis Quintet
(1961)

|
|

Sketches of Spain is a studio album by American jazz musician Miles Davis, released on July 18, 1960 by Columbia Records. Recording took place between November 1959 and March 1960 at Columbia's 30th Street Studio in New York City. An extended version of the second movement of Joaquín Rodrigo's Concierto de Aranjuez (1939) is included, as well as a piece called "Will o' the Wisp", from Manuel de Falla's ballet El amor brujo (1914–1915). Sketches of Spain is regarded as an exemplary recording of third stream, a musical fusion of jazz, European classical, and styles from world music.[2]

## Background

[edit]

Davis's wife Frances insisted he accompany her to a performance by flamenco dancer Roberto Iglesias. Inspired by the performance, Davis bought every flamenco album he could buy from a Colony Records shop in New York City.[5]

The album pairs Davis with arranger and composer Gil Evans, with whom he had collaborated on several other projects, on a program of compositions largely derived from the Spanish folk tradition. Evans explained:

> [We] hadn't intended to make a Spanish album. We were just going to do the Concierto de Aranjuez. A friend of Miles gave him the only album in existence with that piece. He brought it back to New York and I copied the music off the record because there was no score. By the time we did that, we began to listen to other folk music, music played in clubs in Spain... So we learned a lot from that and it ended up being a Spanish album. The Rodrigo, the melody is so beautiful. It's such a strong song. I was so thrilled with that.[6]

The folk songs in the album were inspired by recordings made by Alan Lomax in Galicia and Andalusia, which were released in 1955 by Columbia Masterworks.[7][8]

## Concierto de Aranjuez

[edit]

The opening piece, taking up almost half the record, is an arrangement by Gil Evans and Miles Davis of the adagio movement of Concierto de Aranjuez, a concerto for guitar by the contemporary Spanish composer Joaquín Rodrigo. Following the faithful introduction of the concerto's guitar melody on flugelhorn, Evans' arrangement turns into a "quasi-symphonic, quasi-jazz world of sound", according to his biographer.[6] The middle of the piece contains a "chorus" by Evans unrelated to the concerto but "echoed" in the other pieces on the album.[6] The original melody then reappears in a darker mode.

Davis plays flugelhorn and later trumpet, attempting to connect the various settings musically.[9] Davis commented at rehearsal, "The thing I have to do now is make things connect, make them mean something in what I play around it".[9] Davis thought the concerto's adagio melody was "so strong" that "the softer you play it, the stronger it gets, and the stronger you play it, the weaker it gets", and Evans concurred.[9]

According to Davis' biographer Chambers, the contemporary critical response to the arrangement was not surprising, especially given the scarcity of anything resembling a jazz rhythm in most of the piece. Martin Williams wrote that "the recording is something of a curiosity and a failure, as I think a comparison with any good performance of the movement by a classical guitarist would confirm". The composer Rodrigo was also not impressed, but royalties from the arrangement brought him "a lot of money", according to Evans.[9]

## Critical reception

[edit]

Professional ratingsReview scores

Source| Rating
AllMusic| [10]
DownBeat| [3]
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music| [11]
MusicHound Jazz| 4.5/5[12]
The Penguin Guide to Jazz| [13]
Pitchfork Media| 10/10[14]
PopMatters| 10/10[15]
Q| [16]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide| [17]
Sputnikmusic| 4/5[18]

In a contemporary review for DownBeat, Bill Mathieu hailed Sketches of Spain as one of the 20th century's most important musical works so far and a highly intellectual yet passionate record. He found Evans's compositions extremely well crafted and Davis's playing intelligently devised, concluding in his review, "if there is to be a new jazz, a shape of things to come, then this is the beginning."[3] Replying to suggestions that Sketches of Spain was something other than jazz, Davis said "it's music, and I like it."[19] In The Rolling Stone Album Guide (2004), J. D. Considine called it "a work of unparalleled grace and lyricism,"[17] while Q magazine said it "took orchestral jazz in a new direction."[16] Robert Christgau was less enthusiastic about the record and recalled being a young listener when it was released: "In 1960 [it] catapulted Davis into the favor of the kind of man who reads Playboy and initiated in me one phase of the disillusionment with jazz that resulted in my return to rock and roll."[20]

For Sketches of Spain, Evans and Davis won the 1961 Grammy Award for Best Jazz Composition of More Than Five Minutes Duration.[21] The album was ranked number 358 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.[19][22]

## Track listing

[edit]

Side oneNo.| Title| Writer(s)| Length

|
|
|

1.| "Concierto de Aranjuez (Adagio)"| Joaquín Rodrigo| 16:19
2.| "Will o' the Wisp"| Manuel de Falla| 3:47

Side twoNo.| Title| Writer(s)| Length

|
|
|

1.| "The Pan Piper (Alborada de Vigo)"| Traditional, Gil Evans| 3:52
2.| "Saeta"| Traditional, Gil Evans| 5:06
3.| "Solea"| Gil Evans| 12:15

* Sides one and two were combined as tracks 1–5 on CD reissues.

1997 reissue bonus tracksNo.| Title| Writer(s)| Length

|
|
|

6.| "Song of Our Country"| Heitor Villa-Lobos; arranged by Gil Evans| 3:23
7.| "Concierto de Aranjuez" (alternate take; part 1)| Joaquín Rodrigo| 12:04
8.| "Concierto de Aranjuez" (alternate take; part 2 ending)| Joaquín Rodrigo| 3:33

## Song title meanings

[edit]

1. Concierto de Aranjuez was written about the gardens at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez.
2. El amor brujo is often translated as "The Bewitched Love." It is a ballet by Spanish composer Manuel de Falla.
3. "The Pan Piper" refers to the instrument (pan flute) played by a pig's castrator and knife grinder and the melody he used to play when arriving to villages in Galicia. "Alborada" is a traditional folk style from Galicia.
4. "Saeta" is a type of religious song mostly sung during the Semana Santa (Holy Week) processions in Spain.
5. "Solea" is a form of flamenco music.

## Personnel

[edit]

* Miles Davis - arranger, trumpet, flugelhorn
* Gil Evans - arranger, conductor
* Johnny Coles - trumpet
* Bernie Glow - trumpet
* Taft Jordan - trumpet
* Louis Mucci - trumpet
* Ernie Royal - trumpet
* John Barrows - French horn
* James Buffington - French horn
* Earl Chapin - French horn
* Tony Miranda - French horn
* Joe Singer - French horn
* Dick Hixon - trombone
* Frank Rehak - trombone
* Bill Barber - tuba
* Jimmy McAllister - tuba
* Danny Bank - bass clarinet
* Albert Block - flute
* Eddie Caine - flute
* Harold Feldman - clarinet, flute, oboe
* Romeo Penque - oboe
* Jack Knitzer - bassoon
* Paul Chambers - bass
* Jimmy Cobb - drums
* Elvin Jones - percussion
* José Mangual Sr. - castanets (track 1–2)
* Elden "Buster" Bailey - percussion (tracks 3–5)
* Janet Putnam - harp

## Certifications and sales

[edit]

Region  | Certification | Certified units/sales

|
|

United Kingdom (BPI)[23]
sales since 1997  | Silver  | 60,000^
United States (RIAA)[25] | Platinum  | 861,000[24]

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Miles Davis.com". Archived from the original on 2015-08-29. Retrieved 2015-08-26.
2. ^ a b Kanzler, George. "Miles Revisited: Sketches of Spain (50th Anniversary Edition) & Miles Ahead Live". All About Jazz. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved February 23, 2013.
3. ^ a b c Alkyer, Frank; Enright, Ed; Koransky, Jason, eds. (2007). The Miles Davis Reader. Hal Leonard. pp. 213–215. ISBN 978-1423430766.
4. ^ Shera, Michael (October 22, 2020). "JJ 10/60: Miles Davis – Sketches of Spain". Jazz Journal. Archived from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
5. ^ Mitchell, Gail (May 26, 2001). "Wife and Muse, Frances Davis Recalls Life with Miles" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 113, no. 21\. p. 68. Retrieved May 19, 2024 - via World Radio History.
6. ^ a b c Crease, Stephanie Stein (2003). Gil Evans: Out of the Cool: His Life and Music. Chicago Review Press; p. 207. ISBN 9781556524936
7. ^ Szwed, John (2011). The Man Who Recorded the World: A Biography of Alan Lomax. London, UK: Arrow Books. p. 275\. ISBN 9781448107384.
8. ^ Lomax, Alan (ed.) (1955). The Columbia World Library of Folk and Primitive Music – Volume XIII: Spain. Columbia Masterworks.
9. ^ a b c d Chambers, Jack (1998). Milestones: The Music And Times Of Miles Davis. Da Capo Press; pp. 10–11.
10. ^ Jurek, Thom. Sketches of Spain at AllMusic. Retrieved 15 September 2005.
11. ^ Larkin, Colin (2011). "Miles Davis". The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th ed.). Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0857125958.
12. ^ Holtje, Steve; Lee, Nancy Ann, eds. (1998). "Miles Davis". MusicHound Jazz: The Essential Album Guide. Music Sales Corporation. ISBN 0825672538.
13. ^ Cook, Richard; Morton, Brian (1992). The Penguin Guide to Jazz on CD, LP and Cassette. Penguin Books. p. 272\. ISBN 0-14-015364-0.
14. ^ Schreiber, Ryan (October 1997). "Miles Davis Sketches of Spain > Album Review". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on 3 November 2005. Retrieved 30 January 2006.
15. ^ Murphy, Sean (June 23, 2009). "Miles Davis: Sketches of Spain (Legacy Edition)". PopMatters. Retrieved May 22, 2016.
16. ^ a b "Review: Sketches of Spain". Q. London: 134. January 2000.
17. ^ a b Considine, J.D. (2004). "Miles Davis". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide. London: Fireside. pp. 214–217. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8. Retrieved 5 April 2010.
18. ^ Fisher, Tyler (November 16, 2006). "Miles Davis - Sketches of Spain (album review 2)". Sputnikmusic. Retrieved May 22, 2016.
19. ^ a b Levy, Joe; Steven Van Zandt (2006) [2005]. "356 | Sketches of Spain \- Miles Davis". Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time (3rd ed.). London: Turnaround. ISBN 1-932958-61-4. OCLC 70672814. Archived from the original on 9 September 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2006.
20. ^ Christgau, Robert (May 21, 1970). "Jazz Annual". The Village Voice. Archived from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
21. ^ "Past Winners Search | GRAMMY.com". grammy.com. Retrieved 2 June 2013. "Best Jazz Composition Of More Than Five Minutes Duration"
22. ^ "500 Greatest Albums of All Time Rolling Stone's definitive list of the 500 greatest albums of all time". Rolling Stone. 2012. Archived from the original on January 28, 2020. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
23. ^ "British album certifications – Miles Davis – Sketches of Spain". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
24. ^ Cwik, Greg (September 25, 2015). "Understanding Miles Davis, in 9 Parts". Vulture. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
25. ^ "American album certifications – Miles Davis – Sketches of Spain". Recording Industry Association of America.

## External links

[edit]

* Sketches of Spain Legacy Edition at Myspace (streamed copy where licensed)

* v
* t
* e

Miles Davis

Discography

Studio albums|

| Prestige era|

* The New Sounds
* Young Man with a Horn
* Blue Period
* The Compositions of Al Cohn
* Miles Davis, Volume 2
* Miles Davis, Volume 3
* Miles Davis Quartet
* Miles Davis All Star Sextet
* Miles Davis Quintet
* Miles Davis with Sonny Rollins
* Miles Davis All Stars, Volume 1
* Miles Davis All Stars, Volume 2
* The Musings of Miles
* Blue Moods
* Dig
* Miles: The New Miles Davis Quintet
* Quintet/Sextet
* Collectors' Items
* Cookin' with the Miles Davis Quintet
* Bags' Groove
* Relaxin' with the Miles Davis Quintet
* Miles Davis and the Modern Jazz Giants
* Workin' with the Miles Davis Quintet
* Steamin' with the Miles Davis Quintet

|

Columbia era|

* 'Round About Midnight
* Miles Ahead
* Milestones
* Porgy and Bess
* Kind of Blue
* Jazz Track
* Sketches of Spain
* Someday My Prince Will Come
* Seven Steps to Heaven
* Quiet Nights
* E.S.P.
* Miles Smiles
* Sorcerer
* Nefertiti
* Miles in the Sky
* Filles de Kilimanjaro
* In a Silent Way
* Bitches Brew
* Jack Johnson
* Live-Evil
* On the Corner
* The Man with the Horn
* Star People
* Decoy
* You're Under Arrest
* Aura

Warner Bros. era|

* Tutu
* Amandla
* Doo-Bop
* Rubberband

Soundtracks|

* Ascenseur pour l'échafaud
* Jack Johnson
* Music from Siesta
* The Hot Spot
* Dingo

Live
recordings|

* Birdland 1951
* Miles Davis at Newport 1955–1975: The Bootleg Series Vol. 4
* Miles & Coltrane
* Miles Davis Quintet at Peacock Alley
* Amsterdam Concert
* At Newport 1958
* Miles & Monk at Newport
* Jazz at the Plaza Vol. I
* Miles Davis & John Coltrane The Final Tour: The Bootleg Series, Vol. 6
* In Person: At the Blackhawk, San Francisco
* Miles Davis at Carnegie Hall
* Miles Davis in Europe
* Live at the 1963 Monterey Jazz Festival
* My Funny Valentine
* Four & More
* Miles in Tokyo
* Miles in Berlin
* The Complete Live at the Plugged Nickel 1965
* Live in Europe 1967: The Bootleg Series Vol. 1
* 1969 Miles – Festiva De Juan Pins
* Live in Europe 1969: The Bootleg Series Vol. 2
* Live at the Fillmore East, March 7, 1970: It's About That Time
* Bitches Brew Live
* Black Beauty: Miles Davis at Fillmore West
* Miles Davis at Fillmore
* Miles at the Fillmore – Miles Davis 1970: The Bootleg Series Vol. 3
* The Cellar Door Sessions 1970
* Live-Evil
* In Concert
* Dark Magus
* Agharta
* Pangaea
* Miles! Miles! Miles!
* We Want Miles
* Live Around the World
* Merci Miles! Live at Vienne
* Miles & Quincy Live at Montreux

Compilations|

* Miles Davis and Horns
* Blue Haze
* Birth of the Cool
* Walkin'
* Miles Davis Volume 1
* Miles Davis Volume 2
* Miles Davis' Greatest Hits
* Basic Miles: The Classic Performances of Miles Davis
* Big Fun
* Get Up with It
* Water Babies
* Circle in the Round
* 1958 Miles
* Directions
* The Columbia Years 1955–1985
* Love Songs
* Super Hits
* The Essential Miles Davis
* Miles Davis Quintet: Freedom Jazz Dance: The Bootleg Series, Vol. 5
* That’s What Happened 1982-1985: The Bootleg Series, Vol. 7
* Miles Davis 54

Box sets|

* The Complete Columbia Recordings of Miles Davis with John Coltrane
* Miles Davis & Gil Evans: The Complete Columbia Studio Recordings
* Seven Steps: The Complete Columbia Recordings of Miles Davis 1963–1964
* The Complete Studio Recordings of The Miles Davis Quintet 1965–1968
* The Complete In a Silent Way Sessions
* The Complete Bitches Brew Sessions
* The Complete Jack Johnson Sessions
* The Complete On the Corner Sessions
* In Person Friday and Saturday Nights at the Blackhawk, Complete
* The Complete Live at the Plugged Nickel 1965
* The Complete Miles Davis at Montreux
* The Cellar Door Sessions 1970
* Miles Davis: The Complete Columbia Album Collection
* The Legendary Prestige Quintet Sessions
* Chronicle: The Complete Prestige Recordings 1951–1956

Remix albums|

* Panthalassa: The Music of Miles Davis 1969–1974
* Panthalassa: The Remixes
* Evolution of the Groove

Compositions|

* "All Blues"
* "Blue in Green"
* "Boplicity"
* "Dig"
* "Donna Lee"
* "Four"
* "Flamenco Sketches"
* "Freddie Freeloader"
* "Joshua"
* "Milestones"
* "Nardis"
* "Seven Steps to Heaven"
* "So What"

Related articles|

* Miles Dewey Davis Jr. (father)
* Miles Davis Quintet
* Miles: The Autobiography
* Miles! The Definitive Miles Davis at Montreux DVD Collection
* That's What Happened: Live in Germany 1987
* Live in Munich (1988)
* Miles from India
* A Different Kind of Blue (2004 documentary)
* Miles Ahead (2015 movie)

* Category

Authority control databases |

* MusicBrainz release group

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