Social-liberal coalition

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German.  (May 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions.

*   * Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
* Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 1,948 articles in the main category, and specifying`|topic=` will aid in categorization.
* Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
* You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is `Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at [[:de:Sozialliberale Koalition]]; see its history for attribution.`
* You may also add the template `{{Translated|de|Sozialliberale Koalition}}` to the talk page.
* For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

|

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Social-liberal coalition" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

Social–liberal coalition (German: Sozialliberale Koalition) in the politics of Germany refers to a governmental coalition formed by the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and the Free Democratic Party (FDP). From 1969 to 1982 social–liberal coalitions led by Federal Chancellors Willy Brandt and Helmut Schmidt governed the Federal Republic of Germany.[1]

The term stems from social democracy of the SPD and the liberalism of the FDP. Because of the colours traditionally used to symbolise the two parties (red for SPD and yellow for FDP), such a coalition is also referred to as a "red–yellow" coalition (rot–gelbe Koalition). The FDP is basically an economic/classical liberal party, but under the coalition, the FDP and the SPD are close to left-liberalism (Linksliberalismus).

Social–liberal coalitions are currently rare, as the SPD usually governs with the Alliance '90/The Greens and the FDP orients itself towards long-term co-operation with the Christian Democratic Union and Bavarian Christian Social Union. However, a social–liberal coalition ruled from 1991 to 2006 in the German State of Rhineland-Palatinate and would have continued to do so, had the SPD not won an absolute majority. Social–liberal coalitions have previously been in power in many other federal states of Germany as well.

The traffic light coalition is a combination of the social-liberal coalition and the red-green coalition insofar as it includes the Social Democratic Party, the FDP and the greens, which are the constituent elements of the other two coalitions. The Weimar Coalition was a similar constellation of parties as it included the Social Democratic Party as well as a left-liberal party (the then German Democratic Party one of the predecessors of the FDP) and the liberal-conservative/conservative-liberal element also present in the FDP with the Zentrumspartei. However, the political Catholicism espoused by the Zentrum is absent in the postwar social-liberal coalition.

## Social–liberal coalitions at the federal state level

[edit]

After the term, the leader of the government is given.

### Berlin

[edit]

* 1963–66 Willy Brandt (despite having an absolute majority)
* 1966–67 Heinrich Albertz (despite having an absolute majority)
* 1967–71 Klaus Schütz (despite having an absolute majority)
* 1975–77 Klaus Schütz
* 1977–81 Dietrich Stobbe
* 1981 Hans-Jochen Vogel

### Bremen

[edit]

* 1959–65 Wilhelm Kaisen
* 1967–71 Hans Koschnick

### Hamburg

[edit]

* 1957–61 Max Brauer
* 1961–65 Paul Nevermann
* 1965–66 Herbert Weichmann
* 1970–71 Herbert Weichmann
* 1971–74 Peter Schulz
* 1974–78 Hans-Ulrich Klose
* 1987–88 Klaus von Dohnanyi
* 1988–91 Henning Voscherau

### Hesse

[edit]

* 1970–76 Albert Osswald
* 1976–82 Holger Börner

### Lower Saxony

[edit]

* 1963–65 Georg Diederichs
* 1974–76 Alfred Kubel

### North Rhine-Westphalia

[edit]

* 1956–58 Fritz Steinhoff
* 1966–78 Heinz Kühn
* 1978–80 Johannes Rau

### Rhineland-Palatinate

[edit]

* 1991–94 Rudolf Scharping
* 1994–2006 Kurt Beck

## See also

[edit]

* German governing coalition
* Grand coalition (Germany)
* Traffic light coalition
* Jamaica coalition
* Red–green alliance
* Lib–Lab pact for the equivalent in British politics
* Purple coalition

## References

[edit]

1. ^ ""Dare more democracy" – Domestic and social policy 1969–1974". Willy Brandt Biografie. Retrieved 2023-05-25.

* v
* t
* e

Social Democratic Party of Germany

President of Germany|

| Weimar Republic
(1918–1933)|

* Friedrich Ebert

|

Federal Republic
(1949–present)|

* Gustav Heinemann
* Johannes Rau
* Jens Böhrnsen (Acting)
* Frank-Walter Steinmeier

Chancellor of Germany|

| Weimar Republic
(1918–1933)|

* Friedrich Ebert
* Philipp Scheidemann (as Reich Minister President)
* Gustav Bauer
* Hermann Müller

|

Federal Republic
(1949–present)|

* Willy Brandt
* Helmut Schmidt
* Gerhard Schröder
* Olaf Scholz

Federal chairmen
(since 1946)|

* Kurt Schumacher
* Erich Ollenhauer
* Willy Brandt
* Hans-Jochen Vogel
* Björn Engholm
* Rudolf Scharping
* Oskar Lafontaine
* Gerhard Schröder
* Franz Müntefering
* Matthias Platzeck
* Kurt Beck
* Franz Müntefering
* Sigmar Gabriel
* Martin Schulz
* Andrea Nahles
* Saskia Esken & Norbert Walter-Borjans
* Saskia Esken & Lars Klingbeil

Leaders in the
Bundestag|

* Kurt Schumacher
* Erich Ollenhauer
* Fritz Erler
* Helmut Schmidt
* Herbert Wehner
* Hans-Jochen Vogel
* Hans-Ulrich Klose
* Rudolf Scharping
* Peter Struck
* Ludwig Stiegler
* Franz Müntefering
* Peter Struck
* Frank-Walter Steinmeier
* Thomas Oppermann
* Andrea Nahles
* Rolf Mützenich

General Secretaries
(since 1999)|

* Franz Müntefering
* Olaf Scholz
* Klaus Uwe Benneter
* Hubertus Heil
* Andrea Nahles
* Yasmin Fahimi
* Katarina Barley
* Hubertus Heil
* Lars Klingbeil
* Kevin Kühnert

Governments|

* Kiesinger
* Brandt (I
* II)
* Schmidt (I
* II
* III)
* Schröder (I
* II)
* Merkel (I
* III
* IV)
* Scholz

Affiliated organisations|

* Friedrich Ebert Foundation
* Jusos
* German Trade Union Confederation
* Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund
* Parlamentarische Linke
* Seeheimer Kreis

Related articles|

* Grand coalition
* Social-liberal coalition
* Red–green coalition
* Red–red–green coalition
* Kenya coalition

Category

* v
* t
* e

Free Democratic Party

President of Germany|

* Theodor Heuss
* Walter Scheel

Federal chairmen|

* Heuss
* Blücher
* Dehler
* Maier
* Mende
* Scheel
* Genscher
* Bangemann
* Lambsdorff
* Kinkel
* Gerhardt
* Westerwelle
* Rösler
* Lindner

Leaders in the
Bundestag|

* Heuss
* Schäfer
* Euler
* Schäfer
* Dehler
* Becker
* Mende
* Kühlmann-Stumm
* Mischnick
* Solms
* Gerhardt
* Westerwelle
* Homburger
* Brüderle
* Lindner

Governments|

* Adenauer I
* Adenauer II
* Adenauer IV
* Adenauer V
* Erhard I
* Erhard II
* Brandt I
* Brandt II
* Schmidt I
* Schmidt II
* Schmidt III
* Kohl I
* Kohl II
* Kohl III
* Kohl IV
* Kohl V
* Merkel II
* Scholz

Affiliated
organisations|

* Federal Association of Liberal Students Groups
* Friedrich Naumann Foundation
* Young Liberals
* Liberal International
* European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party
* Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe

Related articles|

* Liberalism in Germany
* Jamaica coalition
* Social-liberal coalition
* Traffic light coalition

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template