Socialism in Sri Lanka

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The Socialism in Sri Lanka or Sri Lankan socialism is a political philosophy that is shared by various political parties of the country. Socialist parties, especially the Trotskyist Lanka Sama Samaja Party, have played a major role in the country's history from the time of the Sri Lankan Independence movement.[1] Socialist ideology shaped the principal economic and social policies of Sirimavo Bandaranaike and the Sri Lanka Freedom Party during the 1970s.[2]

Several sectors of the economy including banking, insurance and some privately owned estates were nationalized during her tenure. Bread and several essential items were rationed by the government at the time.[2][3]

Bandaranaike and her military escort, pictured in 1961

## Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna

[edit]

Main article: Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna

Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna is a communist and Marxist–Leninist party and political movement in Sri Lanka. The movement was involved in two armed uprisings in Sri Lanka; however they entered into the democratic process in 1994.[4][5]

Lanka Sama Samaja Party main office in Colombo

## Lanka Sama Samaja Party

[edit]

Main article: Lanka Sama Samaja Party

Lanka Sama Samaja Party is a Trotskyist political party in Sri Lanka who played a major role in the independence movement of Sri Lanka.[6]

## Sri Lanka Freedom Party

[edit]

Main article: Sri Lanka Freedom Party

Sri Lanka Freedom Party is one of the major and most well known political parties in Sri Lanka. It was founded by S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike. After independence, the SLFP represented a form of non-revolutionary populist socialism and a policy of non-alignment with strong ties to socialist countries.[7][8][9] However, after 1995 the party moved towards a more social democratic philosophy that sought to combine both the free market and the SLFP's traditional people friendly policies.[10][11]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ "The day Trotskyists shut down a country: 65th anniversary of the Sri Lankan Hartal". Socialist Action. 12 August 2018.
2. ^ a b "Sri Lanka elects world's first woman prime minister: From the archive, 22 July 1960". TheGuardian.com. 22 July 2013.
3. ^ "Sri Lanka, Short of Food, Faces an Economic Crisis". The New York Times. 13 May 1974.
4. ^ "Sri Lanka's Marxist leader ends exile". BBC News. 23 November 2001.
5. ^ "The Island". www.island.lk. Archived from the original on 2018-12-21.
6. ^ "International Trotskyism - Ceylon/Sri Lanka: The Rise of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party".
7. ^ "Sri Lanka, Economy Ailing, Pushes Nationalization". The New York Times. 13 October 1975.
8. ^ Stevens, William K. (20 October 1982). "Election in Sri Lanka Capitalism Versus Socialism". The New York Times.
9. ^ "THE COLOMBO POWERS AND THE SINO-INDIAN WAR OF 1962 | the Foreign Policy of Sirimavo Bandaranaike | People | Sri Lanka".
10. ^ "Political".
11. ^ "Chandrika Kumaratunga". www.g-l-f.org. Archived from the original on 2018-12-21.

## References

[edit]

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Socialism

History \- Outline

Schools of
thought|

* 21st century
* Agrarian
* Communist
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* Ethical
* Feminist
* Green
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* Labourism
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* Liberal
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* Marxian
* Nationalist
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* Fourierism
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* Saint-Simonianism
* Technocracy

| Libertarian
(from below)|

* Anarchism
* Collectivist
* Communist
* Free-market
* Left-wing laissez-faire
* Left-wing market
* Green
* Individualist
* Insurrectionary
* Magonism
* Mutualism
* Neozapatismo
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* Communalism
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* Left-libertarianism
* Libertarian Marxism
* Left communism
* Council communism
* Luxemburgism
* Mao-Spontex
* Trotskyism
* Pabloism
* Posadism
* Orthodox
* Third camp

|

Authoritarian
(from above)|

* Barracks
* Nechayevism
* Blanquism
* Bolshevism
* Leninism
* Marxism–Leninism
* Brezhnevism
* Castroism
* Ceaușism
* Guevarism
* Ho Chi Minh Thought
* Hoxhaism
* Husakism
* Juche
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* Khrushchevism
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* Maoism–Third Worldism
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path
* Xi Jinping Thought
* Stalinism
* Neo-Stalinism
* National
* Tkachevism
* State
* Lassallism

Religious|

* Buddhist
* Christian
* anarchism
* communism
* Islamic
* Jewish

Regional variants|

* African
* African-Caribbean
* Arab
* Bolivarian
* Chinese
* Communist
* Nationalist
* Chiangist
* European
* Eurocommunism
* Indian
* Israeli
* Indonesian
* Melanesian
* Mexican
* Soviet
* In one country
* Real
* Sri Lankan
* Third World
* Yugoslav

Key topics
and issues|

* Anti-revisionism
* Criticism of capitalism
* Criticism of socialism
* Critique of political economy
* Critique of work
* Class struggle
* Democracy
* Dictatorship of the proletariat
* Egalitarianism
* Equal liberty
* Equality of opportunity
* Equality of outcome
* History of anarchism
* History of communism
* History of socialism
* History of social democracy
* Impossibilism
* "The Internationale"
* Internationalism
* Socialist Internationals
* First International
* Second International
* Third International
* Fourth International
* Fifth International
* Socialist International
* Land reform
* Left-wing politics
* Mixed economy
* Mode of production
* Nanosocialism
* Nationalization
* Planned economy
* Post-capitalism
* Proletarian revolution
* Reformism
* Revisionism
* Socialisation of production
* Socialist economics
* Socialist market economy
* Socialist state
* State capitalism
* State-owned enterprise
* Trade union
* Welfare state
* Workers' council

Concepts|

* Adhocracy
* Basic income
* Calculation in kind
* Common ownership
* Cooperative ownership
* Decentralized planning
* Direct democracy
* Economic democracy
* Economic planning
* Equal opportunity
* Free association of producers
* Industrial democracy
* Labor-time calculation
* Labour voucher
* Organizational self-management
* Production for use
* Public ownership
* Social dividend
* Socialist mode of production
* Technocracy
* Workplace democracy

People|

| 16th c.|

* Tommaso Campanella
* Thomas More

|

18th c.|

* Gracchus Babeuf
* Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
* Victor d'Hupay
* Gabriel Bonnot de Mably
* Sylvain Maréchal
* Étienne-Gabriel Morelly

19th c.|

* Stephen Pearl Andrews
* Mikhail Bakunin
* John Goodwyn Barmby
* Enrico Barone
* August Bebel
* Edward Bellamy
* Eduard Bernstein
* Louis Blanc
* Louis Auguste Blanqui
* Philippe Buchez
* Georg Büchner
* Philippe Buonarroti
* Francisco Largo Caballero
* Étienne Cabet
* Edward Carpenter
* Nikolay Chernyshevsky
* James Connolly
* Victor Prosper Considerant
* Claire Démar
* Théodore Dézamy
* W. E. B. Du Bois
* Prosper Enfantin
* Friedrich Engels
* Charles Fourier
* Emma Goldman
* William Batchelder Greene
* Charles Hall
* Alexander Herzen
* Thomas Hodgskin
* Jean Jaurès
* Mother Jones
* Karl Kautsky
* Peter Kropotkin
* Paul Lafargue
* Ferdinand Lassalle
* Pyotr Lavrov
* Alexandre Ledru-Rollin
* Pierre Leroux
* Helen Macfarlane
* Errico Malatesta
* Karl Marx
* Louise Michel
* Nikolay Mikhaylovsky
* William Morris
* Robert Owen
* Antonie Pannekoek
* Giovanni Pascoli
* Constantin Pecqueur
* Georgi Plekhanov
* Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
* Luis Emilio Recabarren
* Henri de Saint-Simon
* Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin
* George Sand
* Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz
* Eugène Sue
* Lysander Spooner
* Fred M. Taylor
* William Thompson
* Pyotr Tkachev
* Benjamin Tucker
* Suzanne Voilquin
* Alfred Russel Wallace
* Josiah Warren
* Wilhelm Weitling
* Oscar Wilde

20th c.|

* Tariq Ali
* Salvador Allende
* Inejirō Asanuma
* Hafez al-Assad
* Clement Attlee
* Aung San
* Deng Xiaoping
* Jiang Zemin
* Henri Barbusse
* Jyoti Basu
* Simone de Beauvoir
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* Grace Lee Boggs
* Murray Bookchin
* Bertolt Brecht
* Aristide Briand
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* Cornelius Castoriadis
* Noam Chomsky
* M. N. Roy
* G. D. H. Cole
* Jeremy Corbyn
* Marcel Déat
* Guy Debord
* Eugene V. Debs
* John Dewey
* Alexander Dubček
* Albert Einstein
* Faiz Ahmad Faiz
* Muammar Gaddafi
* Einar Gerhardsen
* Mikhail Gorbachev
* Maxim Gorky
* Antonio Gramsci
* Safdar Hashmi
* Eric Hobsbawm
* Saddam Hussein
* Dolores Ibárruri
* Pablo Iglesias Posse
* Jayaprakash Narayan
* Russell Jacoby
* Kim Jong-il
* Kim Il Sung
* Martin Luther King Jr.
* Alexandra Kollontai
* James Larkin
* E. M. S. Namboodiripad
* Jack Layton
* Henri Lefebvre
* Claude Lefort
* Vladimir Lenin
* György Lukács
* Rosa Luxemburg
* Lu Xun
* Alasdair MacIntyre
* Nestor Makhno
* Nelson Mandela
* José Carlos Mariátegui
* Adrien Marquet
* Mao Dun
* Salama Moussa
* François Mitterrand
* Imre Nagy
* Gamal Abdel Nasser
* Jawaharlal Nehru
* Ernst Niekisch
* Ne Win
* George Orwell
* Sylvia Pankhurst
* Fred Paterson
* Karl Polanyi
* Pierre Renaudel
* B. T. Ranadive
* Bertrand Russell
* Gaetano Salvemini
* Bernie Sanders
* Jean-Paul Sartre
* Arthur Scargill
* Léopold Sédar Senghor
* George Bernard Shaw
* Sukarno
* Sun Yat-sen
* R. H. Tawney
* E. P. Thompson
* Ernst Toller
* Leon Trotsky
* Ram Manohar Lohia
* H. G. Wells
* Cornel West
* Clara Zetkin
* Howard Zinn
* J. Posadas

21st c.|

* Pedro Castillo
* Hugo Chávez
* Bob Crow
* Hu Jintao
* Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
* Kim Jong Un
* Hasan Piker
* Lula da Silva
* Evo Morales
* Yanis Varoufakis
* Xi Jinping
* Vaush

Organizations|

* International socialist organizations
* Socialist parties

See also|

* Economic calculation problem
* Marxist philosophy
* New Left
* Old Left
* Socialism by country
* Socialist calculation debate

* Categories
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Social democracy

History|

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* Orthodox
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* Socialism
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* Utopian socialism
* Welfare capitalism

Concepts|

* Civil liberties
* Democracy
* Economic
* Industrial
* Representative
* Marxist
* Dirigisme
* Environmentalism
* Environmental protection
* Fair trade
* Gradualism
* Internationalism
* Labor rights
* Land reform
* Left-wing nationalism
* Mixed economy
* Nationalization
* Negative and positive rights
* Progressivism
* Reformism
* Left
* Socialism
* Revolutionary socialism
* Secularism
* Social corporatism
* Social justice
* Social market economy
* Socialist state
* Capitalism
* Socialism
* Trade union
* Tripartisme
* Welfare
* Welfare state

Variants|

* Democratic socialism
* Ethical socialism
* Evolutionary socialism
* Liberal socialism
* Socialism of the 21st century
* Third Way

People|

* Ambedkar
* Allende
* Ardern
* Attlee
* Awolowo
* Batlle y Ordóñez
* Bebel
* Ben-Gurion
* Berger
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* Betancourt
* Bhutto
* Blair
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* Brandt
* Branting
* Brown
* Bruenig
* Callaghan
* Cárdenas
* Chávez
* Clark
* Craxi
* Crosland
* Corbyn
* Curtin
* Daszyński
* Debs
* Douglas
* Drees
* Ebert
* Ecevit
* Engels
* Erlander
* Fraser
* Gaitskell
* Gandhi
* Gerhardsen
* González
* Goulart
* Hardie
* Hilferding
* Hook
* Ingerman
* Jaurès
* Jenkins
* Junmai
* Katayama
* Kautsky
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* Kéthly
* Kirk
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* Lagos
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* Layton
* Lenin
* Lévesque
* Liebknecht (father)
* Liebknecht (son)
* Luxemburg
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* Mandela
* Marx
* Morales
* Myrdal
* Nehru
* Pakman
* Palme
* Plekhanov
* Prodi
* Russell
* Rustin
* Sanders
* Savage
* Stauning
* Thomas
* Den Uyl
* Vail
* Webb
* Whitlam
* Wilson
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Organizations|

* International Trade Union Confederation
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By region|

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Related|

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Socialism in Asia

Sovereign states|

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States with
limited recognition|

* Abkhazia
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other territories|

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