Socialist Party (Indonesia)

Political party in Indonesia (1945–1948)

Not to be confused with Socialist Party of Indonesia.

Socialist Party

Partai Sosialis

Abbreviation| PS
Chairman|

* Sutan Sjahrir
(1945–1947)
* Amir Sjarifuddin
(1947–1948)

Founded| 13 November 1945 (1945-11-13)
Dissolved| 12 February 1948 (1948-02-12)
Preceded by|

* Socialist People's Party
* Socialist Party of Indonesia

Ideology| Socialism
Political position| Left-wing

* Politics of Indonesia
* Political parties
* Elections

The Socialist Party (Indonesian: Partai Sosialis, PS) was socialist political party in Indonesia which existed from 1945 to 1948. The party was founded as a merger between the Socialist People's Party (Paras) of Prime Minister Sutan Sjahrir and Socialist Party of Indonesia (Parsi) of Defence Minister Amir Sjarifuddin. Sjahrir became chairman of the unified party, whilst Sjarifuddin became vice-chairman.[1]

In January 1946, the party and its youth wing Pesindo, along with all other major political forces at the time, joined the Tan Malaka-led national front (Persatuan Perdjuangan). By February the same year, the Socialist Party had come to view the Persatuan Perdjuangan as an attempt to replace the existing government, and the party and Pesindo withdrew. Following their withdrawal, the Persatuan Perdjuangan was able to pressure Sjahrir to resign from his position as Prime Minister. Sukarno offered the Persatuan Perdjuangan to form a new cabinet, but such a government never materialized due to conflicts inside the front. As the Persatuan Perdjuangan couldn't form a government, Sjahrir was again offered to form a government.[1]

In May 1946 the government launched Konsentrasi Nasional, a coalition intended to compete with Persatuan Perdjuangan. The Socialist Party and Pesindo became core constituents of KN, along with the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), Masjumi, the Labour Party of Indonesia and various mass organizations.[1] Soon, KN and Persatuan Perdjuangan clashed, as Persatuan Perdjuangan initiated militant struggle against the government. Sjahrir was kidnapped by Persatuan Perdjuangan (but was released soon thereafter).[2]

In October 1946, the government was broadened to include leaders from several political forces. A new pro-government coalition, Sajap Kiri, was founded to support the Linggadjati Agreement with the Dutch government. Sajap Kiri consisted of the Socialist Party, Pesindo, PKI and the Labour Party of Indonesia.[2]

Towards late 1946, the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP) was enlarged. The Socialist Party was given 35 out of 514 seats.[2]

In May 1947 the Dutch government issued an ultimatum to the Indonesian government, demanding Dutch de jure sovereignty over Indonesia until 1949. This ultimatum created a split inside the Socialist Party, as Sjahrir expressed some conciliatory attitudes towards the Dutch positions. Sjahrir faced opposition from Sjarifuddin's followers and Sajap Kiri, and in June 1947 Sjahrir resigned as Prime Minister. When Sjahrir had travelled to address the United Nations, Sjarifuddin was appointed acting party chairman. When Hatta formed a new government, the Sjajrir-led faction of the Socialist Party supported it whilst the rest of Sajap Kiri opposed it.[3]

Sjahrir and his followers left the Socialist Party, and on 12 February 1948, they formed the Socialist Party of Indonesia (PSI). PSI was joined by 4 out of 5 Socialist Party representatives in the KNIP Working Group and 19 out of 35 Socialist KNIP members. Most of the party grassroots stayed with Sjarifuddin, however.[4]

In August 1948 the Socialist Party issued a statement of self-criticism, stating that the foundation of Parsi in 1945 had been a mistake, that a communist party should have been built instead and that the merger with 'rightwing' and 'reformist' Paras should not have taken place.[5]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Rose, Saul. Socialism in Southern Asia. London: Oxford University Press, 1959. p. 147
2. ^ a b c Rose, Saul. Socialism in Southern Asia. London: Oxford University Press, 1959. p. 148
3. ^ Rose, Saul. Socialism in Southern Asia. London: Oxford University Press, 1959. p. 149
4. ^ Rose, Saul. Socialism in Southern Asia. London: Oxford University Press, 1959. p. 150
5. ^ Rose, Saul. Socialism in Southern Asia. London: Oxford University Press, 1959. p. 152

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Political parties in Indonesia

Parties represented in national legislature|

* Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (110)
* Golkar Party (102)
* Gerindra Party (86)
* NasDem Party (69)
* National Awakening Party (68)
* Prosperous Justice Party (53)
* National Mandate Party (48)
* Democratic Party (44)

Parties represented only in regional legislatures|

* United Development Party (PPP)
* People's Conscience Party (Hanura)
* Indonesian Solidarity Party (PSI)
* Perindo Party
* Crescent Star Party (PBB)
* Nusantara Awakening Party (PKN)
* Garuda Party
* Gelora Party
* Ummah Party (Ummat)
* Labour Party (Buruh)

Parties represented only in Aceh legislature|

* Aceh Party (PA)
* Aceh Just and Prosperous Party (PAS Aceh)
* Aceh State Party (PNA)
* Aceh Abode Party (PDA)
* SIRA Party

Non-legislature parties

Regional|

* Aceh People's Party (PRA)
* Aceh Unity Party (PBA)
* Atjeh Green Party (PHA)
* Gabthat Party
* Prosperous and Safe Aceh Party (PAAS)

National|

* Berkarya Party
* Concern for the Nation Functional Party (PKPB)
* Green Party of Indonesia (PHI)
* Justice and Unity Party (PKP)
* Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party (PPNUI)
* Indonesian National Party Marhaenism (PNI-M)
* Indonesian People's Da'wah Party (PDRI)
* Indonesian Students Party (PMI)
* Indonesian Workers and Employers Party (PPPI)
* Justice and Prosperous People Party (PRIMA)
* Masyumi Reborn Party
* National Front Party (Barnas)
* New Indonesia Party of Struggle (PPIB)
* People's Sovereignty Party (PKR)
* Union of Independent People (SRI)

Former political parties

Pre-independence|

* Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People (PPPKI)
* Catholic Party (Katolik)
* Chung Hwa Hui
* Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI)
* Gerindo
* Indische Party (IP)
* Indonesian Fascist Party (PFI)
* Indonesian Islamic Party (PII)
* Indonesian Islamic Union Party (PSII)
* Indonesian National Party (PNI)
* Indonesian Political Federation (GAPI)
* Insulinde
* Paguyuban Pasundan
* Parindra
* Partai Tionghoa Indonesia
* Partindo

Sukarno era|

| Independent
Indonesia|

* Acoma Party
* Catholic Party (Katolik)
* Chinese Indonesian Democratic Party (PDTI)
* Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI)
* Dayak Unity Party (PPD)
* Great Indonesia Unity Party (PIR)
* Indonesian Christian Party (Parkindo)
* Indonesian Islamic Union Party (PSII)
* Indonesian Marhaen People's Union (Permai)
* Indonesian National Party (PNI)
* Indonesian Peasants Party (PTI)
* Islamic Education Movement Party (PI Perti)
* Islamic Tharikah Unity Party (PPTI)
* Islamic Victory Force (AKUI)
* Labour Party (PB)
* Labour Party of Indonesia (PBI)
* League of Supporters of Indonesian Independence (IPKI)
* Masyumi Party
* Murba Party
* Nahdlatul Ulama (NU)
* National People's Party (PRN)
* Party of the People of Free Indonesia (PRIM)
* Socialist Party (PS)
* Socialist Party of Indonesia (PSI)
* Socialist Party of Indonesia (Parsi)
* Socialist People's Party (Parsas)
* Village People's Union (PRD)

|

Pre-integration
West New Guinea|

* Indonesian Irian Independence Party (PKII)

New Order|

* Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI)
* Muslim Party of Indonesia (Parmusi)

Reform era|

* Archipelago Republic Party (RepublikaN)
* Democratic Nationhood Party (PDK)
* Democratic Renewal Party (PDP)
* Freedom Party (Merdeka)
* Functional Party of Struggle (Pakar Pangan)
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* Indonesian Democratic Vanguard Party (PPDI)
* Indonesian National Populist Fortress Party (PNBK-I)
* Indonesian Unity Party (PSI)
* Indonesian Youth Party (PPI)
* Labour Party (PB)
* National People's Concern Party (PPRN)
* National Sun Party (PMB)
* Patriot Party
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