Sociology of disaster

Field of study

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* 1700s: Comte · Sieyès

1800s: Martineau · Tocqueville · Marx · Spencer · Le Bon · Ward · Pareto · Tönnies · Veblen · Simmel · Durkheim · Addams · Mead · Weber · Du Bois · Mannheim · Elias

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Serbia, Obrenovac \- The Four Paws disaster relief team has started its mission supporting the Serbian crises team.

Sociology of disaster or sociological disaster research[1] is a sub-field of sociology that explores the social relations amongst both natural and human-made disasters.[2] Its scope includes local, national, and global disasters \- highlighting these as distinct events that are connected by people through created displacement, trauma, and loss. These connections, whether that is as a survivor, working in disaster management, or as a perpetrator role, is non-discrete and a complex experience that is sought to be understood through this sub-field.[3][4] Interdisciplinary in nature, the field is closely linked with environmental sociology and sociocultural anthropology.

## Overview

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Many studies in the field of sociology of disaster focus on the link between social solidarity and the vulnerabilities exposed by disasters. Scholarship in this field has observed how such events can produce both social solidarity[5][6] and social conflict,[7][8] and more importantly, expose inequalities inherent in the social order by exponentially exacerbating its effects. Studies investigating the emotional impact of disaster state that the emotional responses in these contexts are inherently adaptive. These emotions, when reflected on and processed, lead to post traumatic growth, resilience, increased altruism, and engagement with community.[9]

Early disaster research established the mainstream parameters of what it is to do such research - i.e. a focus on solidarity arising in the aftermath of disasters and that disasters are a consequence of human maladaptation to the hazardous environment.[10]

## References

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1. ^ Matthewman, Steve (2015). Disasters, risks and revelation : making sense of our times. London: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-29426-5. OCLC 922951332.
2. ^ Herring, Alison (2013), "Sociology of Disaster", in Bobrowsky, Peter T. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards, Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 926–936, doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_326, ISBN 978-90-481-8699-0, retrieved 2021-01-20
3. ^ Drabek, Thomas E. (2019). The Sociology of Disaster : Fictional Explorations of Human Experiences. Milton: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-65170-6. OCLC 1117636158.
4. ^ Tierney, Kathleen J. (2019). Disasters : a sociological approach. Cambridge, UK: Polity. ISBN 978-0-7456-7101-7. OCLC 1043053190.
5. ^ Drabek, Thomas E. (1986). Human system responses to disaster : an inventory of sociological findings. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-96323-5. OCLC 13859518.
6. ^ Dynes, Russell Rowe (1969). Organized Behavior in Disaster: Analysis and Conceptualization. Disaster Research Center, Ohio State University.
7. ^ Barry, John M. (1997). Rising tide : the great Mississippi flood of 1927 and how it changed America. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-81046-8. OCLC 36029662.
8. ^ Fradkin, Philip L. (2005). The great earthquake and firestorms of 1906 : how San Francisco nearly destroyed itself. Berkeley. ISBN 0-520-23060-4. OCLC 56128573.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
9. ^ Kieft, J.; Bendell, J (2021). "The responsibility of communicating difficult truths about climate influenced societal disruption and collapse: an introduction to psychological research". Institute for Leadership and Sustainability (IFLAS) Occasional Papers. 7: 1–39.
10. ^ Fischer, Henry W. (March 2003). "The Sociology of Disaster: Definitions, Research Questions, and Measurements. Continuation of the Discussion in a Post-September 11 Environment". International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 21 (1): 91–107\. doi:10.1177/028072700302100104. S2CID 255732224. ProQuest 60461618.

## Further reading

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* Lars Clausen: "Social Differentiation and the Long-Term Origin of Disasters", Natural Hazards, 1992 (VI), No. 2, p. 181-190, ISSN 0921-030X
* Enrico Quarantelli (ed.): What Is A Disaster? London: Routledge 1998
* Fu, Albert S. (2016). "Connecting urban and environmental catastrophe: linking natural disaster, the built environment, and capitalism." Environmental Sociology, 2 (4), 365–374.
* Fothergill, A., & Peek, L. A. (2004). Poverty and disasters in the United States: A review of recent sociological findings. Natural hazards, 32(1), 89-110.
* Schorr, John K. (August 1987). "Some Contributions German Katastrophen-Soziologie Can Make to the Sociology of Disaster - International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters". International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 5 (2): 115–135\. doi:10.1177/028072708700500202. S2CID 147509735. ProQuest 61052018.
* Tierney, K. J. (2007). From the margins to the mainstream? Disaster research at the crossroads. Annu. Rev. Sociol., 33, 503–525.

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Sociology

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* Public sociology
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Related fields
and subfields|

* Anthropology
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| Sociology of|

* art
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* culture
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* deviance
* disaster
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* emotions
* environment
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* work

|

Major theorists|

* Sieyès
* Comte
* Martineau
* Tocqueville
* Marx
* Spencer
* Le Bon
* Ward
* Pareto
* Tönnies
* Veblen
* Simmel
* Durkheim
* Addams
* Mead
* Weber
* Du Bois
* Mannheim
* Elias
* Fromm
* Adorno
* Gehlen
* Aron
* Merton
* Nisbet
* Mills
* Bell
* Schoeck
* Goffman
* Bauman
* Foucault
* Luhmann
* Habermas
* Baudrillard
* Bourdieu
* Giddens

Methods|

* Quantitative
* Qualitative
* Comparative
* Computational
* Ethnographic
* Conversation analysis
* Historical
* Interview
* Mathematical
* Network analysis
* Social experiment
* Survey

Key themes|

* Society
* Globalization
* Human behavior
* Human environmental impact
* Identity
* Industrial revolutions 3 / 4 / 5
* Popularity
* Social complexity
* Social environment
* Social equality
* Social equity
* Social power
* Social stratification
* Social structure
* Social cycle theory

* Categories

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Disasters

Overview|

* Lists
* by death toll
* by cost
* Australia
* Bangladesh
* Canada
* China
* Croatia
* Czech Republic
* Estonia
* Fiji
* Finland
* France
* Great Britain and Ireland
* Greece
* Haiti
* India
* Indonesia
* Japan
* Malta
* New Zealand
* Norway
* Pakistan
* Philippines
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Taiwan
* Thailand
* United States
* Vietnam

Disasters|

* v
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Natural disasters – list by death toll

Geological|

| Mass wasting|

* Landslide
* Avalanche
* Mudflow
* Debris flow

|

Earthquake
(List)|

* Seismic hazard
* Seismic risk
* Soil liquefaction

Volcano eruption|

* Pyroclastic flow
* Lahar
* Volcanic ash

Natural erosion|

* Sinkhole

Hydrological|

| Flood
(List)|

* Coastal flood
* Flash flood
* Storm surge

|

Other|

* Tsunami
* Megatsunami
* Limnic eruption

Meteorological|

| Temperature|

* Blizzard
* Cold wave
* Ice storm
* Heat wave

|

Drought|

* Megadrought

Cyclonic storms|

* Bomb cyclone
* Thunderstorm (Hail)
* Tornado (Tornado outbreak)
* Tropical cyclone

Other|

* Derecho
* Wildfire
* Firestorm
* ARkStorm

Astronomical|

* Potentially hazardous object
* Impact event
* Meteor shower
* Geomagnetic storm
* Solar flare
* Supernova
* Hypernova

Accidents|

| Health|

* Biosecurity
* Diseases of affluence
* Disease of despair
* Diseases of poverty
* Epidemic
* list
* Famine
* List
* Famine scales
* Opioid epidemic
* Pandemic

|

Industrial|

* Bridge
* Dam
* Infrastructure
* Levee breach
* Mast and tower
* Mining
* Oil spills
* Structural failures and collapses

Nuclear
(by death toll)|

* Civilian nuclear
* Civilian radiation
* Military nuclear

Transport|

* Air
* Maritime
* Rail
* Shipwreck
* Spaceflight

Man-made|

* Crowd collapses and crushes
* Economic crises
* Environmental disasters
* Sacrifice zone
* Military
* Nightclub fires
* Riots
* Societal collapse
* Terrorist incidents
* Wars

Preparation|

* Disaster risk reduction
* Earthquake preparedness
* Hurricane preparedness
* Safety
* Survival kit
* Anticipatory action

Countermeasures|

* Crisis management
* Disaster area
* Earthquake warning system
* Emergency Alert System
* Emergency management
* Emergency population warning
* Evacuations
* Humanitarian aid
* Hurricane response

Media|

* Disaster film (List of disaster films)

Organizations|

* Civil defense (List of civil defense organisations)
* Disaster Accountability Project
* International Association of Emergency Managers
* International Disaster and Risk Conference
* International Disaster Emergency Service

* WikiProject

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